Gliserol to GTBE process optimization

C7H16O3 3-tert-butoxy-1,2-propanediol
2-tert-butoxy-1,3-propanediol
C11H24O3 2,3-di-tertbutoxy-1-propanol
1,3-di-tert butoxy-2-propanol
C15H32O3 1,2,3-tri-tert-butoxypropane
KEBUTUHAN IB = 1217.3913 KG/JAM
RECYCLE = 8.7233 KG/jam
Input IB = 1208.6680 KG/jam
persen recycle 0.72 %
IB fresh
mp
T 90.2147 C
P= 20 Atm
INPUT 1
massa CP
komponen Kmol/jam
bm Kg/Jam KJoule/Kg C
C4H8 56 1208.6679560363 21.583356358 3.4071428571
INPUT 2
massa CP
komponen Kmol/jam
C4H8 56 8.7233483115 0.155774077 3.4071428571
OUTPUT
massa CP
komponen Kmol/jam
C4H8 56 1217.3913043478 21.739130435 3.4071428571
INPUT 1+INPUT 2 = OUPUT

INPUT 1 = 268561.00594255 KJ/JM
Q = M cp. ΔT
ΔT = Q
M.cp
= 65.2147
T = 90.2147 C
IB recycle
T= 60.25 C
P= 20 Atm
IB TO Reactor
T= 90 C
P= 20 Atm
∆T Q
C Kj/jam
T-25 268561.00594255
∆T Q
C Kj/jam
35.25 1047.6897096243
∆T Q
C Kj/jam
65 269608.695652174
Q1
GLISEROL
STORAGE HEATING
HX-361
30°C-1,013 bar
Komposisi = 99,5 % gliserol

= 0,05 % water
data panas STEAM (Smith vannes)
T 242 C
Hl 1047.20 kJ/kg
Hv 2802.00 kJ/kg
λs 1754.80 kJ/kg
Tref 25.00 C 298.00 K

T-1 30.00 C 303.00 K
massa CP ∆T
komponen Kmol/jam
Q1 Kg/Jam KJoule/Kg C C
C3H803 1000.00 10.87 2.7652 5.00
H2O 5.03 0.28 3.3944 5.00
total 1005.03
ΔQ = Q keluar - Q Masuk
= 167025.93 Kj/jam
massa steam = ΔQ/λ

= 95.1823166948 Kg/jam
Qs masuk = massa steam x hv

= 266700.851379 Kj/jam
Qs keluar = m*hl
= 99674.92 Kj/jm
95.18
Steam 242°C
Q2
90°C GLISEROL
HEATING
HX-361
90°C-1,013 bar
Kondensat 242°C Komposisi
Tref 25.00
T-2 90.00
Q komponen massa
Kj/jam Q2 Kg/Jam
13826.09 C3H803 1000.00
85.29 H2O 5.03
13826.09 total
energi masuk keluar

Q1 13826.09
Q2 180852.02
Qs masuk 266700.85
Qs keluar 99674.92
total 280526.94 280526.94
kkal/kg
kkal/kg
GLISEROL
C-1,013 bar
= 99,5 % glis
= 0,05 % water
C 298.00 K
C 363.00 K
CP ∆T Q
Kmol/jam
KJoule/Kg C C Kj/jam
10.87 2.77 65.00 179739.130435
0.28 3.41 65.00 1112.88585786
180852.02
jenis Reaktor : Fixed bed
katalis : Amberlyst 15
kapasitas produksi = 75000 tn/thn
9469.696969697 kg/jam
Perhitungan Bahan Baku dengan Basis

basis 1000 kg/jam gliserol
Kmol
Reaksi 1 M 10.8695652174 21.7391304348
B 10.1086956522 10.1086956522
S 0.7608695652 11.6304347826
Reaksi 2 M 10.1086956522 11.6304347826

B 9.4010869565 9.4010869565
S 0.7076086957 2.2293478261
Reaksi 3 M 9.4010869565 2.2293478261

B 2.0732934783 2.0732934783
S 7.3277934783 0.1560543478
MASSA (kg/jm)
kompenen bm msuk kluar
gliserol 92 1000 70
ib 56 1217.3913043478 8.7390434783
MTBG 148 104.7260869565
DTBG 204 1494.8698695652
TTGB 260 539.0563043478
TOTAL 2217.3913043478 2217.3913043478
faktor pengali 4.5717742688 kapasitas sebenarnya / kapsita

maka untuk memproduksi GTBE dibutuhkan gliserol sebesar
kebutuhan gliserol
kebutuhan gliserol
IB
G
mp
Reaktor
Reaktor
T op = 90 C
P = 20 bar
waktu = 4 jam
komponen Bahan Baku masuk reaktor (tanpa recycle)

Komponen komposisi % massa (kg/jam)
isobutene 99 1217.3913043478
Komponen komposisi % massa (kg/jam)
gliserol 99.5 1000.0000
air 0.5 5.0251
1005.0251256281
Dalam kmol/jam c3h803 c4h8

Reaksi 1 M 10.8695652174 21.7391304348
B 10.1086956522 10.1086956522
S 0.7608695652 11.6304347826
c7h16o3 c4h8
Reaksi 2 M 10.1086956522 11.6304347826
B 9.4010869565 9.4010869565
S 0.7076086957 2.2293478261
c11h24o3 c4h8
Reaksi 3 M 9.4010869565 2.2293478261
B 2.0732934783 2.0732934783
S 7.3277934783 0.1560543478
MASSA KG/JM
kompenen bm msuk kluar
c3h8o3 gliserol 92 1000 70.0000
c4h8 ib 56 1217.3913043478 8.7390
c7h16o3 MTBG 148 104.7261
c11h24o3 DTBG 204 1494.8699
c15h3203 TTGB 260 539.0563
h20 water 18 5.0251256281 5.0251
TOTAL 2222.416429976 2222.416429976
Qw in
NERACA ENERGI
Q1
Isobutene 99.00%
REAKTOR
Q2
Gliserol 99.50%
Air 0.50%
Qw out
NET = Q1 + Q2 +Qr + Qsin = Q2 + Qsout

Dalam menghitung neraca energi di reaktor digunakan langkah perhitungan seperti gambar beri
Tin ΔHtotal T out
∆Hf umpan ΔH produk
∆Hfr 298
T in = 90 C
T out = 90 C
KONDISI OPERASI
P = 20 bar
waktu = 4 jam
Tref = 25 C
Dalam kmol/jam
Reaksi 1 C3H8O3 + C4H8 --------> C7H16O3
M 10.8695652174 21.7391304348
B 10.1086956522 10.1086956522
S 0.7608695652 11.6304347826
C8H8O3 10.1086956522 92
C4H8 10.1086956522 56
C7H16O3 10.1086956522 148
C7H16O3 + C4H8 --------> C11H24O3
Reaksi 2 M 10.1086956522 11.6304347826

B 9.4010869565 9.4010869565
S 0.7076086957 2.2293478261
C7H16O3 9.4010869565 148

C4H8 9.4010869565 56
C11H24O3 9.4010869565 204
Reaksi 3 C11H24O3 + C4H8 --------> C15H32O3
M 9.4010869565 2.2293478261
B 2.0732934783 2.0732934783
S 7.3277934783 0.1560543478
C11H24O3 2.0732934783 204

C4H8 2.0732934783 56
C15H32O3 2.0732934783 260
menghitung entalpi pada kondisi operasi

Reaksi berlangsung pada :
T operasi 90.0000 363.1500 K
T ref 25 298.1500 K
Reksi 1
∆H produk (kJoule) ∆H reaktan
MTBG 30.4080493537 Gliserol
Isobutene
Total (kJ) 30.4080493537
Reksi 2
DTBG 29.3092710997 MTBG
Isobutene
Total (kJ) 29.3092710997
Reksi 2
TTBG 6.5930732609 DTBG
Isobutene
Total (kJ) 6.5930732609
energi pada Q1 dan Q2

Massa
Komponen BM kmol
Komponen BM kmol
Kg/jam
gliserol 92 1000 10.8695652174
ib 56 1217.3913043478 21.7391304348
water 18 5.0251256281 0.279173646
TOTAL
energi pada Q3
BM Massa n
Komponen
Kg/Kmol Kg/jam kmol/jam
gliserol 92 70 0.7608695652
ib 56 8.7390434783 0.1560543478
MTBG 148 104.7260869565 0.7076086957
DTBG 204 1494.8698695652 7.3277934783
TTGB 260 539.0563043478 2.0732934783
water 18 5.0251256281 0.279173646
TOTAL
∆Hr° 25 C = -115.41 kJ/jm
∆HRop = ∆Hr° 25 C+ (∆H produk -∆H reaktan)

= -115.41 +
= -185.3322540448 kJ/jm
Qr = -ΔHRop
= 185.3322540448 Kjoule/jm
ΔQ = Q produk -
= 450456.564222077 -
= -185.3322540448 Kjoule/jm
(- )artinya butuh pendingin
(+) artinya butuh pemanas
Jenis pendingin yang digunakan adalah cooling water
T ref 25 298 K
T in 28 301 K
T out 45 318 K
temperatur berpatok pada cooling water di Spro
ΔQ = -185.3322540448
185.3322540448 Kjoule/jm
Jumlah pendingin yang di butuhkan (m)
= 3.21
panas air pendingin masuk
= 32.7056918903
panas air pendingin keluar

= 218.0379459351
cp air 3.3944444444 KJoule/Kg C
NET = Q1 + Q2 +Qr + Qw-in = Q2 + Qw-out
Tabel Neraca Energi

Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Keluar (kJ/jm)
Q1 449,347.83
Qr 185.33
Q2 1,108.74
Q3 450,456.56
Qwin 32.71
Qwout 218.04
Total 450,674.60 450,674.60 ballance
kapsitas hasil super pro 75249.833472 tn/th GTBE
9,501 kg/jm
selisih super pro dan rancangan = 249.833472
0 93%
10.1086956522
10.1086956522
0 93%
9.4010869565
9.4010869565
0 93%
2.0732934783
2.0732934783
kapasitas produksi
2033.93 basis
kapasitas sebenarnya / kapsitas basis

= basis x faktor pengali
= 4571.7742688471 kg/jam
= 36208.4522092689 tn/hr
eaktor SEPARATOR
eaktor
npa recycle)
kmol/jam ALIRAN RECYCLE LAJU ALIR MASUK
21.7391 8.7233483115 1208.6679560363
kmol/jam
10.8695652174
0.2792
c7h1603
0 93%
10.1086956522
10.1086956522
c11h24o3
0 93%
9.4010869565
9.4010869565
c15h32o3
0 93%
2.0732934783
2.0732934783
1005.0251256281
587.10 gal/jam
Isobutene
Gliserol
Q3 Air
MTBG
DTBG
TTGB
perhitungan seperti gambar berikut:
363 K
363 K
19.3986420951 Atm
298 K
H8 --------> C7H16O3
0 93%
10.1086956522 10.1086956522
10.1086956522
930
566.0869565217 10.1086956522
1496.0869565217
C4H8 --------> C11H24O3
0 93%
9.4010869565
9.4010869565
1391.3608695652
526.4608695652
1917.8217391304
C4H8 --------> C15H32O3
0 93%
2.0732934783
2.0732934783
422.9518695652
116.1044347826
539.0563043478
∆H reaktan = -31.9864618534
27.9527410208
34.4417701863
62.3945112071
∆H reaktan = -31.0010610725
28.2794858989
32.0308462733
60.3103321722
∆H reaktan = -6.9347311189
6.4637973146
7.0640070652
13.5278043798
= -69.9222540448 kJoule
CP ΔT Q = mxCPxΔT
2.7652 65 179739.1304
3.4071 65 269608.6957
3.3944 65 1108.7381
450456.5642
CP ΔT Q = mxCPxΔT
KJoule/Kg C C kj/jam
2.7652 65 12581.7391
3.4071 65 1935.3860
3.0081 65 20476.7804
3.1176 65 302930.9824
3.1800 65 111422.9381
3.3944 65 1108.7381
450456.564222077
5 C+ (∆H produk -∆H reaktan)

-69.9222540448
mengetahui reaksi eksotermis
(Q reaktan+Qr)
450456.56422208 + 185.3322540448
Kg
KJoule
KJoule
DATA
Nilai Panas Pembentukan Komponen
Komponen Fasa ΔHf 298 K(kj/mol) ΔG 298K (kJ/mol) BM Koef
Isobutene L -0.130 -448.49 56 1
Gliserol L -582.800 70.34 92 1
Air L -241.800 18
MTBG L -630.180 -370.18 148 1
DTBG L -671.170 76.56 204 1
TTBG L -698.600 396.50 260 1
DELTA HR
joback scheme by perry's
`
perhitungan ∆Hf pembentukan standar 298 K ∆Hr° 25 C =
MTGB -20.64 -41.28 ∆Hreaksi 1
-208.04 -416.08 ∆Hreaksi 2
29.89 29.89 ∆Hreaksi 3
82.23 82.23
-76.45 -229.35
-132.22 -132.22
ΔH f standar -638520 kJ/Kmol
ΔH f standar -451822.304347825
DTGB -20.64 -41.28
-208.04 -208.04
29.89 29.89
82.23 164.46
-76.45 -458.7
-132.22 -264.44
TTGB -20.64 -41.28

-208.04 0
29.89 29.89
82.23 246.69
-76.45 -688.05
-132.22 -396.66
perhitungan CP
Sumber : CARL YAWS
Tout 360.76 C
Tref 298 C
Element
Komponen Rumus Molekul BM
A B
gliserol C3H803 92 132.145 8.60E-01
isobuten C4H8 56 57.611 5.63E-01
Metil Oleat C19H36O2 296.5 183.562 2.90E+00
Air H2O 18 92.053 -4.00E-02
C8H16 112 119.984 8.33E-01
GASOLINE
GASOLINE
C12H24 168 129.203 1.58E+00
MTBG C7H16O3 148 93.968 1.20E+00
DTBG C11H24O3 204 89.917 2.32E+00
TTBG C15H32O3 260 449.127 -2.35E-01
heat capacity of element coulson

gliserol C3H803 2.7652173913 J/mol C * BM
isobuten C4H8 3.4071428571
Metil Oleat C19H36O2 3.1045531197
Air H2O 3.3944444444
C8H16
GASOLINE
C12H24
MTBG C7H16O3 3.0081081081
DTBG C11H24O3 3.1176470588
TTBG C15H32O3 3.1800000000
A
sumber
CARL Y 296/322 3.4071
CARL Y 296/322 2.7652
3.3944
perrys 2-348 3.0081
perrys 349 3.1176
perrys 349 3.1800
mol yang breaksi * delta f pembentukan
∆Hf produk - ∆Hf reaktan
-47.25
-40.86
-27.3
-115.41 kJoule/jm EKSOTERMIS
Element
a bT cT2 dT3
C D
-1.97E-03 1.81E-06 8293.4202 17779.2714 -13484.8610759 4088.92101832
-2.30E-03 4.18E-06 3615.66636 11628.14417 -15697.6212626 9453.53651196
-6.26E-03 5.70E-06 11520.35112 59977.41816 -42736.3214325 12897.2553041
-2.11E-04 5.35E-07 5777.24628 -825.903973 -1441.23080924 1210.04271601
-2.53E-03 3.47E-06 7530.19584 17226.29837 -17292.9940391 7863.04852675
-4.05E-03 4.39E-06 8108.78028 32748.40624 -27632.8672571 9923.80316439
-3.16E-03 3.47E-06 5897.43168 24804.19937 -21601.0468964 7857.84345793
-5.39E-03 5.10E-06 5643.19092 48033.20082 -36802.1630183 11547.1057139
5.84E-04 0.00E+00 28187.21052 -4863.06184 3991.16374411 0
KOMPONEN NILAI
C 11.7
H 18
O 25.1
CP
KJoule/Kg C
2.7652
3.4071
3.1046
3.3944
0.0000000
0.0000000
3.0081
3.1176
3.1800
Neraca massa Laju alir massa
isobuten 8.7390 0.3932

Air 5.0251 0.2261
Reaktor
MTBG 1494.8699 67.2633
T 90 C DTBG 104.7261 4.7123
P 20 Bar gliserol 70.0000 3.1497
TTBG 539.0563 24.2554
total 2222.4164 Kg/jam
effisiensi = 100%
TEBAK V/F= 0.02669 iterasi
T= 70.539 C iterasi
343.539 K
DI SET Pop= 1 Bar ditetapkan
750.062 mmHg
Rumus Laju Alir massa TD
Bahan BM A
Molekul Kg/Jam C
LK isobuten C4H8 8.7390 -6.3 56 8.99840
HK Air H2O 5.0251 100 18 8.00573
MTBG C7H16O3 104.7261 253 148 7.10890
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.8699 254.6 204 9.45152
gliserol C3H803 70.0000 289 92 7.90788
TTBG C15H32O3 539.0563 295 260 6.36666
Total 2222.4164
Rumus Yi Xi Top top(massa)

Bahan
Molekul kesetimbangan kesetimbanga (Kmol) Kg/jm
LK isobuten C4H8 0.516 0.0000 0.1557 8.7186
HK Air H2O 0.001 0.0253 0.0003 0.0047
MTBG C7H16O3 0.000 0.0643 0.0000 0.0000
DTBG C11H24O3 0.000 0.6660 0.0000 0.0000
gliserol C3H803 0.000 0.0692 0.0000 0.0000
TTBG C15H32O3 0.000 0.1884 0.0000 0.0000
0.1560 8.7233
Total 0.517 1.013 11.3048
T 60.25 C
Dew
P 750.062 mmhg
Komponen Massa A B C Yd Kmol
Dew isobuten 8.72 8.9984 1001.7682 448.2920 0.9983
Air 0.00 8.0057 1923.6425 221.0800 0.0017
MTBG 0.00 7.1089 2530.0220 178.1190 0.0000
DTBG 0.00 9.4515 1631.1950 46.9880 0.0000
gliserol 0.00 7.9079 3821.3600 253.8060 0.0000
TTBG 0.00 6.3667 4040.6900 273.0100 0.0000
Total 8.72 1.00
T 84.76 C 155.5156686273
P 750.062 mmhg
Komponen Massa A B C Xb kmol
isobuten 0.02 8.9984 1001.7682 448.2920 0.0000
Bp Air 5.02 8.0057 1923.6425 221.0800 0.0250
MTBG 104.73 7.1089 2530.0220 178.1190 0.0635
DTBG 1494.87 9.4515 1631.1950 46.9880 0.6573
gliserol 70.00 7.9079 3821.3600 253.8060 0.0682
TTBG 539.06 6.3667 4040.6900 273.0100 0.1860
Total 2213.69 1.00
Neraca energi
Tin = 90 C
65
Tref = 25 C
Q masuk
Bahan BM kmol/jam
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 8.73904 -6.3 56 0.15605
Air H2O 5.02513 100 18 0.27917
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72609 253 148 0.70761
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.86987 254.6 204 7.32779
gliserol C3H803 70.00000 289 92 0.76087
TTBG C15H32O3 539.05630 295 260 2.07329
total
Tin = 60.25 C
35.25
Tref = 25 C
Q keluar atas (uap)
Bahan BM kmol/jam
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 8.71863 -6.3 56 0.15569
Dew Air
MTBG
H2O
C7H16O3
0.00471
0.00000
100
253
18
148
0.00026
0.00000
DTBG C11H24O3 0.00000 254.6 204 0.00000
gliserol C3H803 0.00000 289 92 0.00000
TTBG C15H32O3 0.00000 295 260 0.00000
total
Tin = 84.76 C
59.76
Tref = 25 C
Q keluar bawah (cair)
Molekul Bahan BM kmol/jam
Kg/Jam C
BP isobuten C4H8 0.02041 -6.3 56 0.00036
Air H2O 5.02042 100 18 0.27891
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72608 253 148 0.70761
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.86987 254.6 204 7.32779
gliserol C3H803 70.00000 289 92 0.76087
TTBG C15H32O3 539.05630 295 260 2.07329
total
isobuten 99.9459 %
Air 0.0540 %
MTBG 0.0000
DTBG 0.0000 %
gliserol 0.0000 %
TTBG 0.0000 %
total 100.0000 %
Zi Pi
B C kmol/jam
Fraksi mmHg
1001.76820 448.29200 0.1561 0.0138 11683757.935
1923.64250 221.08000 0.2792 0.0247 25.663
2530.02200 178.11900 0.7076 0.0626 0.001
1631.19500 46.98800 7.3278 0.6482 0.000
3821.36000 253.80600 0.7609 0.0673 0.000
4040.69000 273.01000 2.0733 0.1834 0.000
1.0000
11.3048
Botom BOTOM (Massa) 99.9459 0.0009

(Kmol) Kg/jm 0.0540 0.2268
0.0004 0.0204 0.0000 4.7308
0.2789 5.0204 0.0000 67.5283
0.7076 104.7261 0.0000 3.1621
7.3278 1494.8699 0.0000 24.3510
0.7609 70.0000
2.0733 539.0563
11.1488 2213.6931
2222.4164
P Ki XD= Yd /Ki
10678667.8847 14237.0469 0.00
14.7251 0.0196 0.09
0.0003 0.0000 0.17
0.0000 0.0000 -0.10
0.0001 0.0000 0.33
0.0000 0.0000 0.51
10678682.61 1.00
P Ki YB=Ki*Xb
21843140.3373 29121.7797 0.9521 0.0033
790.2267 1.0535 0.0264 2.5017
0.3355 0.0004 0.0000 6.3469
24.9105 0.0332 0.0218 65.7269
0.0373 0.0000 0.0000 6.8247
0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 18.5965
21843955.85 1.00 100
CP Q Panas ekspansi
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
3.4071 1935.3860
3.3944 1108.7381
3.0081 20476.7804 Tabel Neraca Energi
3.1176 302930.9824 Panas Masuk (kJ/jam)
2.7652 12581.7391 Q masuk 450,456.564
3.1800 111422.9381 Q keluar d
450456.5642 Q keluar b
Panas Ekspansi
Total 450,456.564
CP Q
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
3.4071 1047.1233
3.3944 0.5636
3.0081 0.0003
3.1176 0.0002
2.7652 0.0000
3.1800 0.0000
1047.6875
CP Q
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
3.4071429 4.1559
3.3944444 1018.4013
3.0081081 18826.0363
3.1176471 278510.0844
2.7652174 11567.4573
3.1800000 102440.5351
412366.6703
8.7186 Kg/Jam
0.0047
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
8.7233
isobuten 0.0009 % 0.0204 Kg/Jam
Air 0.2268 % 5.0204
MTBG 4.7308 % 104.7261
DTBG 67.5283 % 1494.8699
gliserol 3.1621 % 70.0000
TTBG 24.3510 % 539.0563
total 100.0000 % 2213.6931
Ki
(Pi/Pop)
15577.056
0.034
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.3932
0.2261
4.7123
67.2633
3.1497
24.2554
= Q masuk - Q keluar
37042.2063760281
Neraca Energi
Keluar (kJ/jm)
1,047.688
412,366.670
37,042.206
450,456.564
Cooler
Q4
T= 84.76 Q1 Q2
Qc
Q3
ket :
Q1 panas liquid masuk
Q2 panas liquid keluar
Q3 panas air pendingin masuk
Q4 panas air pendingin keluar
QC panas yg diserap kondensor
Q masuk = Q keluar
Q1 + Q3 = Q2 + Q4
Q1 - Q2 = Q4 - Q3
Q1
Tin = 84.76 C
Tref = 25 C
Komponen Massa (kg) kmol CP ΔT Q masuk (KJ)

isobuten 0.0204111942 0.00 3.407 59.76 4.1559407543
Air 5.0204153534 0.28 3.394 59.76 1018.4012953
MTBG 104.7260836661 0.71 3.008 59.76 18826.036313
DTBG 1494.869867524 7.33 3.118 59.76 278510.08435
gliserol 69.9999996579 0.76 2.765 59.76 11567.457335
TTBG 539.0563042685 2.07 3.180 59.76 102440.53508
Total 2213.69 11.15 412366.67032
390923.60346
Q2
Tout = 30.00 C
Tref = 25 C
Komponen Massa (kg) kmol CP ΔT Q masuk (KJ)
isobuten 0.0204111942 0.00 3.407 5 0.3477192733
Air 5.0204153534 0.28 3.394 5 85.207605026
MTBG 104.7260836661 0.71 3.008 5 1575.136907
DTBG 1494.869867524 7.33 3.118 5 23302.383229
gliserol 69.9999996579 0.76 2.765 5 967.82608223
TTBG 539.0563042685 2.07 3.180 5 8570.9952379
Total 2213.69 11.15 34501.89678
32707.798148
QC = -377864.7735 Kj/jam Panas Sensibel air pendingi

panas diserap 377864.7735 QW in (Q3)
Tw in = 28 C
Tw out = 40 C
Tref = 25 C
jumlah air pendingin yg dibutuhkan Panas Sensibel air pendingi
m = QC QW out (Q4)
Cp ΔT
= 377864.7735
40.7333
m = 9276.5493 kg/jam
Tabel Neraca Energi

Panas Masuk (Kj) Keluar (Kj)
Q1 412,366.67
Q2 34501.90
Q3 94,466.19
Q4 472330.97
Total 506,832.8637 506,832.8637

T=30 C
masuk (KJ)
BTU
masuk (KJ)
BTU
as Sensibel air pendingin masuk ( Qin)

= m. Cp .dT
= 9276.5492685721 x 10.1833333333
= 94466.1933849595 Kj/jam
as Sensibel air pendingin keluar( Qout)

= m. Cp. dT
= 9276.5492685721 x 50.9166666667
= 472330.9669 Kj/jam
metil oleat
1%
99%
FD-01
1
liquid-liquid Ekstraktor
0.0009% isobuten 0.0204 Kg/jam
0.2268% Air 5.0204 Kg/jam
4.7308% MTBG 104.7261 Kg/jam
0.919 67.5283% DTBG 1494.8699 Kg/jam 3
3.1621% gliserol 70.0000 Kg/jam
24.3510% TTBG 539.0563 Kg/jam
total 2213.6931 Kg/jam isobuten
Air
91.87932097 MTBG
95% DTBG
5% gliserol
TTBG
metil oleat
total
NM total
aliran 1 +Aliran 2 = aliran 3 +4
NM komponen
isobutene --> 0.0000 x 2213.6930817
Air --> 0.0022678913 x 2213.6930817
MTBG --> 0.0473083123 x 2213.6930817
DTBG --> 0.675283254 x 2213.6930817
Gliserol --> 0.0316213662 x 2213.6930817
TTBG --> 0.2435099557 x 2213.6930817
Solvent --> 0 x 2213.6930817
densitas
komponen Bm Kmol Massa (kg)
komponen Bm Kmol Massa (kg)
Kg/L
isobuten 0.589 56 0.0003644856 0.0204111942
Air 1.027 18 0.2789119641 5.0204153534
MTBG 0.876 148 0.7076086734 104.72608367
DTBG 0.678 204 7.3277934683 1494.8698675
gliserol 1.257 92 0.7608695615 69.999999658
TTBG 0.614 260 2.073293478 539.05630427
Solvent 0.870 296.5 14.7828408152 4383.1123017
Subtotal 25.931682446
Total 6596.8053834
2213.6931
metil oleat
impuritis 44.2738616333 kg/jam 1169.5826027666 gal/jm
Solvent 4383.112301696 kg/jam
4427.3862 kg/jam sumber dari................................
P = 1
T = 30 C
isobuten 0.02 Kg/jam 0.01

liquid-liquid Ekstraktor Air 4.77 Kg/jam 2.08
MTBG 91.64 Kg/jam 39.98
4 DTBG 14.95 Kg/jam 6.52
gliserol 68.60 Kg/jam 29.93
TTBG 5.39 Kg/jam 2.35
metil oleat 43.83 Kg/jam 19.13
total 229.1751021932 Kg/jam
0.00 Kg/jam 101%
0.25 Kg/jam 0%
13.09 Kg/jam 64%
1479.92 Kg/jam 99% 4339.2811786786 2013.5869101
1.40 Kg/jam 8% 2.1550006891 1
533.67 Kg/jam 100%
4339.2812 Kg/jam 100%
6367.6108905323 Kg/jam
+ 0 = aliran 3 x fraksi massa aliran 3

0.0204111942 = E*Xib
+ 0.01 * 30000 = E*Xwater
49.2942769867 = E*Xwater
+ 0 =
104.7260836661 = E*XMTBG
+ 0 =
1494.8698675244 = E*XDTBG
+ 0 =
69.9999996579 = E*Xgliserol
+ 0 =
539.0563042685 = E*Xttbg
+ =
= E*Xsolvent
ekstrak Rafinat
kmol Kg Kmol Kg
0.0000 0.0010 0.0003 0.0194
0.0139 0.2510 0.2650 4.7694
0.0885 13.0908 0.6192 91.6353
7.2545 1479.9212 0.0733 14.9487
0.0152 1.4000 0.7457 68.6000
2.0526 533.6657 0.0207 5.3906
14.6350 4339.2812 0.1478 43.8311
24.0597 6367.6109 1.8720 229.1945
6596.80538336
6596.80538336
2213.6931
X
isobuten 0.0204111942 0.001
Air 5.0204153534 0.227
MTBG 104.72608367 4.731
GTBE 2033.9261718 91.879
gliserol 69.999999658 3.162
2213.6930817 100.000
LARUTAN 179.76690987 8
GTBE 2033.9261718 92
+ aliran 4*fm aliran 4

E*Xib + R*Xib
Xwater + R*Xwater
Xwater + R*Xwater
+
+ R*XMTBG
+
XDTBG + R*XDTBG
+
Xgliserol + R*Xgliserol
+
*Xttbg + R*Xttbg
+
+ R*Xsolvent
2033.9261718 2013.5869101 20.3392617179
DISERIO 11 EKSTRACT
FEED 5
liquid-liquid Ekstraktor 01
10
isobuten 0.42 6.51 RAFINAT
Air 0.02 0.31 SOLVENT
MTBG 39.96 618.98
DTBG 42.26 654.61
gliserol 11.95 185.11
TTBG 4.4 68.16 Metil Oleat 9800 kg/h
Total 94.61 1533.66
0.42%
0.02% isobuten
40.36% Air
42.68% MTBG
12.07% DTBG
4.44% gliserol
100.00% TTBG
Metil oleat
Total
masuk keluar
isobuten 6.51 0 6.5694
Air 0.31 0.2 0
MTBG 618.98 224.24 394.164
DTBG 654.61 5.24 649.2757
gliserol 185.11 169.76 15.3286
TTBG 68.16 0 67.8838
Metil Oleat 9800 0.56 9800.4499
total 1533.66 9800.00 400 10933.6714
11333.66 11333.67
37
isobuten 0.06 6.5694

Air 0 0 11
MTBG 3.6 394.164
DTBG 5.93 649.2757 liquid-liquid Ekstraktor 02
gliserol 0.14 15.3286
TTBG 0.62 67.8838 38
Metil oleat 89.51 9800.4499 raffinate
Total 99.86 10933.6714
Water 40
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Metil oleat
Total
masuk keluar
isobuten 6.5694 0.0265 6.4344
Air 0 40 5.6445 34.3168
MTBG 394.164 151.4475 243.4348
DTBG 649.2757 88.8545 560.8652
gliserol 15.3286 13.674 2.1448
TTBG 67.8838 2.279 65.4164
Metil Oleat 9800.45 3.0475 9797.446
total 10973.67 10975.0323
ekstract

Air 2.13 5.6445
MTBG 57.15 151.4475 38
DTBG 33.53 88.8545
liquid-liquid Ekstraktor 02
gliserol 5.16 13.674 liquid-liquid Ekstraktor 02
TTBG 0.86 2.279
Metil oleat 1.15 3.0475
Total 99.99 264.9735
metil oleat
1500
1764.9735
isobuten 0 0
Air 2.95 3.894
DENSITY MTBG 70.29 92.7828
data Density gr/cm3 DTBG 16.46 21.7272
isobuten C4H8 0,588 gliserol 9.68 12.7776
Air H2O 1 TTBG 0.04 0.0528
MTBG C7H16O3 0,891 Metil oleat 0.57 0.7524
DTBG C11H24O3 0,6991 Total 99.99 131.9868
gliserol C3H803 1,26
TTBG C15H32O3 0,8196
Metil oleat C19H36O2 0,874
Total
persen dilarutkan oleh biodiesel
isobuten 0.06 6.5694 101%
Air 0 0 tidak dapat larut
MTBG 3.6 394.164 64%
DTBG 5.93 649.2757 99%
gliserol 0.14 15.3286 8%
TTBG 0.62 67.8838 100%
Metil oleat 89.51 9800.4499 100%
Total 99.86 10933.6714
Note :Biodiesel dapat mearutkan eter
persen new
0 0 0.00% 0%
0.05 0.2 64.56% 0%
56.06 224.24 36.23% 56%
1.31 5.24 0.80% 1%
42.44 169.76 91.71% 42%
0 0 0.00% 0%
0.14 0.56 0.01% 0%
100 400 100%
Ekstr isobuten 0.06 6.4344 97.95%

Air 0.32 34.3168 85.79%
MTBG 2.27 243.4348 61.76%
DTBG 5.23 560.8652 86.38%
gliserol 0.02 2.1448 13.99%
TTBG 0.61 65.4164 96.37%
Metil oleat 91.36 9797.4464 99.97%
Total 99.87 10710.0588
0.01 0.0265 0.40%

2.13 5.6445 14.11%
57.15 151.4475 38.42%
33.53 88.8545 13.69%
5.16 13.674 89.21%
0.86 2.279 3.36%
1.15 3.0475 0.03%
99.99 264.9735
isobuten 0 0 0.0%
35 Air 0.11 1.7963 31.8%
MTBG 3.59 58.6247 38.7%
DTBG 4.11 67.1163 75.5%
gliserol 0.06 0.9798 7.2%
TTBG 0.14 2.2862 100.3%
Metil oleat 92 1502.36 100.0%
Total 100.01 1633.1633
36
isobuten 0 0 0.0%
Air 2.95 3.894 69.0%
MTBG 70.29 92.7828 61.3%
DTBG 16.46 21.7272 24.5%
gliserol 9.68 12.7776 93.4%
TTBG 0.04 0.0528 2.3%
Metil oleat 0.57 0.7524 0.1%
Total 99.99 131.9868
1765.1501
isobuten 0 0
24 Air 50.93 3.76882
MTBG 30.94 2.28956
DTBG 8.1 0.5994
gliserol 8.8 0.6512
TTBG 0.02 0.00148
Total 7.45328
27
isobuten 0 0
Air 0.1 0.124
MTBG 72.63 90.0612
DTBG 16.96 21.0304
gliserol 9.78 12.1272
TTBG 0.04 0.0496
Total 124
persen baru
0%
0%
4%
6%
0%
1%
90%
100%
Q1
Rafinat
HEATING
HX-361
30°C-1,013 bar
data panas STEAM (Smith vannes)
T 242 C
Hl 1047.20 kJ/kg
Hv 2802.00 kJ/kg
λs 1754.80 kJ/kg
Tref 25.00 C 298.00 K

T-1 30.00 C 303.00 K
massa CP ∆T
komponen Kmol/jam
Q1 Kg/Jam KJoule/Kg C C
isobuten 0.0194 0.0003 3.4071 5
Air 4.7694 0.2650 3.3944 5
MTBG 91.6353 0.6192 3.0081 5
DTBG 14.9487 0.0733 3.1176 5
gliserol 68.6000 0.7457 2.7652 5
TTBG 5.3906 0.0207 3.1800 5
metil oleat 43.8311 0.1478 3.1046 5
total 229.19449 1.8719616643
ΔQ = Q keluar - Q Masuk
= 22051.92 Kj/jam
massa steam = ΔQ/λ

= 12.5666267942 Kg/jam
Qs masuk = massa steam x hv

= 35211.68827733 Kj/jam
Qs keluar = m*hl
= 13159.7716 Kj/jm
12.57
Steam 242°C
Q2
90°C rafinat to flash
HEATING
HX-361
110 °C-1,013 bar
Kondensat 242°C
Tref 25.00
T-2 110.00
Q komponen massa
Kj/jam Q2 Kg/Jam
0.3303 isobuten 0.0194
80.9472 Air 4.7694
1378.2448 MTBG 91.6353
233.0238 DTBG 14.9487
948.4696 gliserol 68.6000
85.7100 TTBG 5.3906
680.3802 metil oleat 43.8311
3407.1059 total 229.1945
energi masuk keluar

Q1 1378.24
Q2 23430.16
Qs masuk 35211.69
Qs keluar 13159.77
total 36589.93 36589.93
kkal/kg
kkal/kg
finat to flash
°C-1,013 bar
C 298.00 K
C 383.00 K
CP ∆T Q
Kmol/jam
0.0003 3.4071 85 5.6157
0.2650 3.3944 85 1376.1028
0.6192 3.0081 85 23430.1615
0.0733 3.1176 85 3961.4051
0.7457 2.7652 85 16123.9825
0.0207 3.1800 85 1457.0692
0.1478 3.1046 85 11566.4642
1.8720 3407.1059
Neraca massa Laju alir massa
isobuten 0.0194 0.0085

Air 4.7694 2.0809
Solvent 43.8311 19.1240
Reaktor
MTBG 91.6353 39.9815
T 90 C DTBG 14.9487 6.5223
P 20 Bar gliserol 68.6000 29.9309
TTBG 5.3906 2.3520
total 229.1944928277 Kg/jam
effisiensi = 100%
T= 230.639 116.876 iterasi
503.639 K
DI SET Pop= 1 Bar ditetapkan
750.062 mmHg
Bahan BM
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 0.0194 -6.30 56.00
Air H2O 4.7694 100.00 18.00
Solvent C19H36O2 43.8311 219.00 296.50
LK MTBG C7H16O3 91.6353 253.00 148.00
HK DTBG C11H24O3 14.9487 254.60 204.00
gliserol C3H803 68.6000 289.00 92.00
TTBG C15H32O3 5.3906 295.00 260.00
Total 229.1945
Rumus Bahan Yi Xi Top

Molekul
kesetimbangan kesetimbanga (Kmol)
LK isobuten C4H8 0.001 0.0000 0.000
HK Air H2O 0.984 0.0143 0.242
Solvent C19H36O2 0.007 0.0899 0.002
MTBG C7H16O3 0.007 0.3796 0.002
DTBG C11H24O3 0.000 0.0450 0.000
gliserol C3H803 0.001 0.4584 0.000
TTBG C15H32O3 0.000 0.0127 0.000
0.246
Total 1.001 0.987 1.87196
Dew
T 232.227068 C 105.623
P 750.062 mmhg
Komponen Massa A B C
Dew isobuten 0.02 8.5374 1013.9682 250.2920
Air 4.35 8.0557 1723.6425 285.0800
Solvent 0.49 8.0621 2456.2768 158.3240
MTBG 0.27 6.8415 1891.1950 102.6680
DTBG 0.02 7.0209 2343.0220 148.1190
gliserol 0.01 7.9079 3821.3600 253.8060
TTBG 0.00 6.3667 4040.6900 273.0100
Total 5.16
T 293.012624 C 128.52326
P 750.062 mmhg
isobuten 0.00 8.5374 1013.9682 250.2920
Bp Air 0.42 8.0557 1723.6425 285.0800
Solvent 43.34 8.0621 2456.2768 158.3240
MTBG 91.36 6.8415 1891.1950 102.6680
DTBG 14.93 7.0209 2343.0220 148.1190
gliserol 68.59 7.9079 3821.3600 253.8060
TTBG 5.39 6.3667 4040.6900 273.0100
Total 218.64
Neraca energi
Tin = 135 116.876

110
Tref = 25 C
Q masuk
Bahan BM
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 0.01939 -6.30 56.00
Air H2O 4.76939 100.00 18.00
Solvent C19H36O2 43.83112 219.00 296.50
MTBG C7H16O3 91.63532 253.00 148.00
DTBG C11H24O3 14.94870 254.60 204.00
gliserol C3H803 68.60000 289.00 92.00
TTBG C15H32O3 5.39056 295.00 260.00
total
Tin = 105.623 C
80.623
Tref = 25 C
Q keluar atas (uap)
Bahan BM
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 0.01935 -6.30 56.00
Dew Air
Solvent
H2O
C19H36O2
4.35128
0.48735
100.00
219.00
18.00
296.50
MTBG C7H16O3 0.27044 253.00 148.00
DTBG C11H24O3 0.02054 254.60 204.00
gliserol C3H803 0.01445 289.00 92.00
TTBG C15H32O3 0.00002 295.00 260.00
total
Tin = 128.52326 C
103.52326
Tref = 25 C
Q keluar bawah (cair)
Bahan BM
Molekul Kg/Jam C
BP isobuten C4H8 0.00004 -6.30 56.00
Air H2O 0.41811 100.00 18.00
Solvent C19H36O2 43.34377 219.00 296.50
MTBG C7H16O3 91.36488 253.00 148.00
DTBG C11H24O3 14.92816 254.60 204.00
gliserol C3H803 68.58555 289.00 92.00
TTBG C15H32O3 5.39054 295.00 260.00
total
isobuten
Air
Solvent
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
total
A B C kmol/jam
8.5374 1013.9682 250.292 0.0003

8.05573 1723.6425 285.08 0.2650
8.06205 2456.2768 158.324 0.1478
6.84152 1891.195 102.668 0.6192
7.02089 2343.022 148.119 0.0733
7.90788 3821.36 253.806 0.7457
6.36666 4040.69 273.01 0.0207
1.8720
top(massa) Botom BOTOM (Massa)
Kg/jm (Kmol) Kg/jm

0.0194 0.000 0.0000 0.000
4.3513 0.023 0.4181 0.187
0.4874 0.146 43.3438 19.347
0.2704 0.617 91.3649 40.782
0.0205 0.073 14.9282 6.663
0.0144 0.745 68.5856 30.614
0.0000 0.021 5.3905 2.406
5.163 1.626 224.031
229.1945
Yd Kmol P Ki XD= Yd /Ki
0.0014 488083.923 650.72477 2.16073038594402E-06
0.9834 4406.422 5.87474 0.1673987079
0.0067 0.057 0.00008 87.9450562283
0.0074 0.006 0.00001 964.6389406282
0.0004 0.006 0.00001 50.1746897132
0.0006 0.002 0.00000 253.7329027831
0.0000 0.000 0.00000 5.6743199057
1.00 492490.42 1362.33
Xb kmol P Ki YB=Ki*Xb
0.0000 4689237.6705 6251.8001 0.0025
0.0143 118611.6506 158.1358 2.2589
0.0899 416.6986 0.5556 0.0499
0.3796 115.3242 0.1538 0.0584
0.0450 51.2272 0.0683 0.0031
0.4584 8.3086 0.0111 0.0051
0.0127 0.1690 0.0002 0.0000
1.00 4808440.88 2.38
CP Q
kmol/jam
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
0.00035 3.4071 7.2673
0.26497 3.3944 1780.8389
0.14783 3.1046 14968.3655
0.61916 3.0081 30321.3855
0.07328 3.1176 5126.5243
0.74565 2.7652 20866.3303
0.02073 3.1800 1885.6190
74956.3308
CP Q
kmol/jam
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
0.00035 3.4071 5.3167
0.24174 3.3944 1190.8160
0.00164 3.1046 121.9842
0.00183 3.0081 65.5880
0.00010 3.1176 5.1632
0.00016 2.7652 3.2210
0.00000 3.1800 0.0061
1392.0951
CP Q
kmol/jam
KJoule/Kg C kj/jam
0.00000 3.4071 0.0126287024
0.02323 3.3944 146.9272640677
0.14618 3.1046 13930.40358491
0.61733 3.0081 28451.86116156
0.07318 3.1176 4818.047551688
0.74550 2.7652 19633.59632213
0.02073 3.1800 1774.586853177
68755.43536623
0.375 % 0.0194 Kg/Jam
84.271 % 4.3513
9.439 % 0.4874
5.238 % 0.2704
0.398 % 0.0205
0.280 % 0.0144
0.000 % 0.0000
100.000 5.1634 isobuten 0.0000
Air 0.1866
Solvent 19.3472
MTBG 40.7822
DTBG 6.6634
gliserol 30.6143
TTBG 2.4062
total 100.0000
Zi Pi Ki
Fraksi mmHg (Pi/Pop) 7.0374
0.0002 2685693.1042 3580.6281 8.05573
0.1415 51703.3515 68.9321 9.17205
0.0790 55.8620 0.0745 7.84152
0.3308 14.7058 0.0196 8.02089
0.0391 6.8364 0.0091 7.90788
0.3983 1.0466 0.0014 6.36666
0.0111 0.0221 0.0000
1.0000
0.375 0.008
84.271 2.081
9.439 19.124
5.238 39.981
0.398 6.522
0.280 29.931
0.000 2.352
100
16714.9227242082 22.2847214286 1.1197133338987E-05
1075.7342376911 1.4342 0.0150477361
0.0033 0.0366377691
0.0057 0.3675524588
0.0010 0.0298103495
0.0000 0.5509874895
0.0000 0.0151632382
Panas ekspansi = Q masuk - Q keluar

4808.8003
Tabel Neraca Energi

Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Keluar (kJ/jm)
Q masuk 74,956.331
Q keluar d 1,392.095
Q keluar b 68,755.435
Panas Ekspansi 4,808.800
Total 74,956.331 74,956.331
% 0.0000 Kg/Jam
% 0.4181
% 43.3438
% 91.3649
% 14.9282
% 68.5856
% 5.3905
224.0310
1014 250.292
1723.6 233.08
2356.3 158.324
1821.2 142.668
2343 178.119
3821.4 253.806
4040.7 273.01
Ekstrak mol Kg/h
isobuten 0.00 0.00
Air 0.01 0.25
MTBG 0.09 13.09
DTBG 7.25 1479.92
gliserol 0.02 1.40
TTBG 2.05 533.67
Solvent 14.64 4339.28
Subtotal 24.06 6367.61
Komponen Laju Alir Massa (kg/h) T didih BM

isobuten 0.0010 -6.30 56.00
Air 0.2510 100.00 18.00
Solvent 4339.2812 219.00 296.50
MTBG 13.0908 253.00 148.00
DTBG 1479.9212 254.60 204.00
gliserol 1.4000 289.00 92.00
TTBG 533.6657 295.00 260.00
Subtotal 6367.6109 237.42
T umpan 227.62 T 500.62

P umpan 760.00 mmhg 1.00
Komponen Tididi Xi A
isobuten -6.30 0.00 7.0374
Air 100.00 0.00 8.0557
Solvent 219.00 0.61 9.1721
MTBG 253.00 0.00 7.8415
DTBG 254.60 0.30 8.0209
gliserol 289.00 0.00 7.9079
TTBG 295.00 0.09 6.3667
Subtotal 1.00
enentuan Distribusi Masing-masing Komponen :
ά= Kf Dimana
Khk Kf = tiap komponen feed
Khk = Ki tiap komponen heavy key
Heavy Key (HK) Diinginkan distribusi komponen kunci =

(MTBG)D 0.01 X 0.088451
(MTBG)B 0.99 X 0.088451
LOG (MTBG)D =
(MTBG)B
=
Light Key (LK) Diinginkan distribusi komponen kunci =

(SOLVENT)D 0.99 X 14.64
(SOLVENT)B 0.01 X 14.64
LOG (SOLVENT)D =
(SOLVENT)B =
Komponen Ki άi = (Ki/Khk)
isobuten 108.37 98.30
Air 27.14 24.61
Solvent 1.53 1.39
MTBG 1.10 1.00
DTBG 0.23 0.21
gliserol 0.00 0.00
TTBG 0.00 0.00
Total
Persamaan VAN WINKLE P-345

LOG ά= m (log id/ib) + b
dimana :
m =
m =
m =
b =
b =
b =
Persamaan menjadi = Log (id/ib)i=
Log (id/ib)lk=
log = MTBG D
=
MTBG B
MTBG D =
MTBG B
MTBG B =
MTBG D =
log = SOLVENT D
=
SOLVENTB
SOLVENT D =
SOLVENTB
SOLVENTB =
SOLVENT D =
log = ISOBUTENE D
=
ISOBUTENE B
ISOBUTENE D =
ISOBUTENE B
ISOBUTENE B =
ISOBUTENE D =
log = AIR D
=
AIR B
AIR D =
AIR B
AIR B =
AIR D =
log = DTBG D
=
DTBG B
DTBG D =
DTBG B
DTBG B =
DTBG D =
log = GLISEROL D
=
GLISEROL B
GLISEROL D =
GLISEROL B
GLISEROL B =
GLISEROL D =
log = TTBG D
=
TTBG B
TTBG D =
TTBG B
TTBG B =
TTBG D =
Kondisi Top Dew Point Destilat (Light Key)

T 216.19
P 760.00
Kompoenen Kg/jam N (Kmol)
isobuten 0.00 0.00
Air 0.25 0.01
Solvent 4295.89 14.49
MTBG 0.13 0.00
DTBG 0.00 0.00
gliserol 0.00 0.00
TTBG 0.00 0.00
Subtotal 4296.27 14.50
Kondis Bottom (Heavy Key)Destilat (Light Key)

T 284.43 231.26
P 760.00
Kompoenen Kg/jam N (Kmol)
isobuten 0.00 0.00
Air 0.00 0.00
Solvent 43.39 0.15
MTBG 12.96 0.09
DTBG 1479.92 7.25
gliserol 1.40 0.02
TTBG 533.67 2.05
Subtotal 2071.34 9.56
Masuk (F9)
Komponen BM
kmol
isobuten 56.00 0.0000
Air 18.00 0.0139
Solvent 296.50 14.6350
MTBG 148.00 0.0885
DTBG 204.00 7.2545
gliserol 92.00 0.0152
TTBG 260.00 2.0526
Subtotal
24.0597
Total
menghitung laju alir reflux
laju reflux dihitung dengan menggunkan metode underwood
θ =
Komponen αi
isobuten 98.30
Air 24.61
Solvent 1.39
MTBG 1.00
DTBG 0.21
gliserol 0.00
TTBG 0.00
Subtotal #REF!
Total 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00
Rmin +1 =
Rmin =
R = 1,5 Rmin
R =
JIKA
R =
L =
=
=
V =
V =
=
=
tabel neraca massa kondensor

Masuk
komponen Feed
Kg/jam
isobuten #REF!
Air #REF!
Solvent #REF!
MTBG #REF!
DTBG #REF!
gliserol #REF!
TTBG #REF!
Subtotal #REF!
Total #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
#REF!
Neraca massa di reboiler

Fungsi :
Q =
Feed masuk pada titik didih, q
F =
L =
V =
L* =
L* =
V* =
=
B =
=
=
Masuk
komponen Feed
kg/jam
isobuten #REF!
Air #REF!
Solvent #REF!
MTBG #REF!
DTBG #REF!
gliserol #REF!
TTBG #REF!
Subtotal #REF!
Total #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
0.00 #REF!
#REF!
XLD XHD
0.00 #REF!
menentukan jumlah stage menggunakan grafik berikut
R =
R+1
=
Rm =
Rm + 1
=
Nm/N =
N =
menentukan feed plate

XHF XLF
#REF! #REF!
N =
#REF! =
Ne =
Ns
Ne =
#REF! =
#REF! =
=
Ns =
Ne =
Ekstrak DISTILASI
kmol Xi Komponen A
0.0000 0.0000 isobuten 7.0374
0.0139 0.0006 Air 8.0557
14.6350 0.6083 Solvent 9.1721
0.0885 0.0037 MTBG 7.8415
7.2545 0.3015 DTBG 8.0209
0.0152 0.0006 gliserol 7.9079
2.0526 0.0853 TTBG 6.3667
24.0597 1.0000 Subtotal 7.33
K
atm
B C Log Pi sat P sat Ki=Pi/Poperasi

1013.9682 250.2920 4.92 82360.79 108.3695
1723.6425 233.0800 4.31 20622.64 27.1351
2356.2768 158.3240 3.07 1166.17 1.5344
1821.1950 142.6680 2.92 837.82 1.1024
2343.0220 178.1190 2.25 176.25 0.2319
3821.3600 253.8060 -0.03 0.93 0.0012
4040.6900 273.0100 -1.70 0.02 0.0000
mponen feed
mponen heavy key
99.00 %
= 0.00088 kmol 0.130908 kg
= 0.08757 kmol 12.959853 kg
total 13.09 kg
0.01
-2.00 Log
99.00 %
= 14.49 kmol 4295.89 kg
= 0.15 kmol 43.39 kg
total 4339.28 kg
99.00
2.00 Log
Log άi Log id/ib id/ib

1.99
1.39
0.14 2.00 99.00 LK
0.00 -2.00 0.01 HV
-0.68
-2.95
-4.63
0.000 99.010
(log άi)lk - (log άi)hk

(log id/ib)lk - (log id/ib)hk
0.144 - 0.000
2.00 - -1.996
0.04
(log άi)lk - m (log id/ib)lk
0.14 - 0.07
0.0718
(log άi - b )
m
log άi (lk) - 0.07
0.04
0.00 - 0.07 = -2.00

0.04
0.01
0.088451 0.087567
0.01 + 1.00
0.09 - 0.09 = 0.000885
0.14 - 0.07 = 2.00

0.04
99.00
14.64 0.15
99.00 + 1.00
14.64 - 0.15 = 14.49
1.99 - 0.07 = 53.38

0.04
2.4115071060435E+53
0.00 0.00
2.4115071060435E+53 + 1.00
0.00 - 0.00 = 0.00
1.39 - 0.07 = 36.67

0.04
4.6635381908265E+36
0.01 0.00
4.6635381908265E+36 + 1.00
0.01 - 0.00 = 0.01
-0.68 - 0.07 = -20.81

0.04
1.5438519177236E-21
7.25 7.25
1.5438519177236E-21 + 1.00
7.25 - 7.25 = 0.00
-2.95 - 0.07 = -84.06

0.04
8.6354365090207E-85
0.02 0.02
8.6354365090207E-85 + 1.00
0.02 - 0.02 = 0.00

-4.63 - 0.07 = -130.61
0.04
0.00
2.05 2.05
0.00 + 1.00
2.05 - 2.05 = 0.00
YD A B C Lg Psat
0.00 7.04 1013.97 250.29 4.86
0.00 8.06 1723.64 233.08 4.22
1.00 9.17 2356.28 158.32 2.88
0.00 7.84 1821.20 142.67 2.77
0.00 8.02 2343.02 178.12 2.08
0.00 7.91 3821.36 253.81 -0.22
0.00 6.37 4040.69 273.01 -1.89
1.00
Xd A B C L n Psat
0.00 7.04 1013.97 250.29 5.14
0.00 8.06 1723.64 233.08 4.73
0.02 9.17 2356.28 158.32 3.85
0.01 7.84 1821.20 142.67 3.58
0.76 8.02 2343.02 178.12 2.96
0.00 7.91 3821.36 253.81 0.81
0.21 6.37 4040.69 273.01 -0.88
1.00
Masuk (F9) Keluar

Produk atas (F11) Produk bawah (F
kg/jam n (kmol) kg/jam % n (kmol)
0.0010 0.0000 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000
0.2510 0.0139 0.2510 0.0058 0.0000
4339.2812 14.4887 4295.8884 99.9911 0.1464
13.0908 0.0009 0.1309 0.0030 0.0876
1479.9212 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7.2545
1.4000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0152
533.6657 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0526
14.5035 4296.2713 9.5562
6367.6109
6367.6109 24.0597
PRODUK AKHIR
kapasitas pabrik
selisih
3.00 θ
 i x iF
xif xiD Komponen
 i  
0.00 0.00 0.00 isobuten
0.00 0.00 0.00 Air
0.00 1.00 0.00 Solvent
0.30 0.00 -0.15 MTBG
0.00 0.00 0.00 DTBG
0.09 0.00 0.00 gliserol
0.61 0.00 0.00 TTBG
1.00 1.00 #REF! Subtotal
#REF! 0.00 #REF! Total
#REF! #REF! #REF! 0.00
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
L
D
D x R
#REF! x #REF!
#REF!
L + D
(RxD) + #REF!
#REF! D + D
#REF!
Masuk Keluar
Distilat Reflux
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam
#REF! 0.00 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 0.25 0.01 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 2955.69 14.49 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 0.08 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 0.00 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 0.00 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 0.00 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! 3443.42 14.50 #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! 0.00 #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF!
pkan sebagian campuran produk bawah kolom destilasi
(L*-L) (pers 9-126 treyball)

F
= 1
#REF! kmol/jam
#REF! kmol/jam
#REF! kmol/jam
F + L
#REF! kmol/jam
F(q-1) + V
#REF!
L* - V*
#REF! - #REF!
#REF!
Masuk Keluar
Feed Reboiler Botom
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam
#REF! #REF! #REF! 0.00 0.00
#REF! #REF! #REF! 0.00 0.00
#REF! #REF! #REF! 29.86 0.15
#REF! #REF! #REF! 8.06 0.09
#REF! #REF! #REF! 1886.17 7.25
#REF! #REF! #REF! 4.51 0.02
#REF! #REF! #REF! 303.78 2.05
#REF! #REF! #REF! 2268.84 9.56
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! 0.00
#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! 0.00
#REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF!
XHW XLW αLD αLW αL,av

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
#REF!
#REF! + 1
#REF!
#REF!
#REF! + 1
#REF!
0.55
Nmin
0.55
#REF!
XLW XHD W D Log Ne/Ns
0.00 #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
Ne + Ns
Ne + Ns
#REF!
#REF! x Ns
Ne + Ns
#REF! Ns + Ns
#REF! Ns
#REF! aktual
#REF! ideal
DISTILASI
B C
1013.9682 250.2920
1723.6425 233.0800
2356.2768 158.3240 LK
1821.1950 142.6680 HK
2343.0220 178.1190
3821.3600 253.8060
4040.6900 273.0100
2042.14 157.00
Yi=Xi x Ki
0.0001
0.0157
0.9334 LK
0.0041 HK
0.0699
0.0000
0.0000
1.0034
kmol 12.96 kg
kmol 0.13 kg
13.09 kg
kmol 43.39 kg
kmol 4295.89 kg
4339.28 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
0.00 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
kmol 0.25 kg
0.25 kg
kmol 1479.92 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
1479.92 kg
kmol 1.40 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
1.40 kg
kmol 533.67 kg
kmol 0.00 kg
533.67 kg
Pi (mmhg) Ki Xi=YD/Ki αiL

73070.41 96.15 0.00 125.09
16564.28 21.80 0.00 28.36
759.38 1.00 1.00 1.30
584.14 0.77 0.00 1.00
119.88 0.16 0.00 0.21
0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.00
Pi (mmhg) Ki Yi= xi *Ki αiD

138403.47 182.11 0.00 36.62
53098.74 69.87 0.00 14.05
7082.48 9.32 0.14 1.87
3779.24 4.97 0.05 1.00
902.47 1.19 0.90 0.24
6.43 0.01 0.00 0.00
0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.09
r
Produk bawah (F12) TD
kg/jam %
0.0000 0.0000 -6.3000
0.0000 0.0000 100.0000
43.3928 2.0949 219.0000
12.9599 0.6257 253.0000
1479.9212 71.4475 254.6000
1.4000 0.0676 289.0000
533.6657 25.7643 295.0000
2071.3396 0.0000
24.0597
H-GTBE 97.21
PENGOTOR 2.79
kapasitas produksi campuran akhir only h-GTBE
9469.70 2071.34 2013.59
7398.36
= 3.25
 x iD
αi xif xiD i
 i  
36.62 0.00 0.00 0.00
14.05 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.87 0.00 1.00 -1.36
1.00 0.30 0.00 0.00
0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.61 0.00 0.00
0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00
0.00 #REF! 0.00 0.00
0.00 #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! #REF!
Nmin
#REF!
Ne/Ns
#REF!
karena feed masuk adalah pada saat titik didih : q=
KOMPONEN ki feed ki destilat

isobuten 108.37 96.15
Air 27.14 21.80
Solvent 1.53 1.00
MTBG 1.10 0.77
DTBG 0.23 0.16
gliserol 0.00 0.00
TTBG 0.00 0.00
Total
θ 4.8412364387
KOMPONEN άi Xf
isobuten 98.30 0.00
Air 24.61 0.00
Solvent 1.39 0.61
MTBG 1.00 0.00
DTBG 0.21 0.30
gliserol 0.00 0.00
TTBG 0.00 0.09
Total 125.52 1.00
Rm + 1 = 1.99
Rm = 0.99
R = 1,5 Rm
R= 1.485
R= L/D
L= D x R
L= 21.5377132652
V = L+D
V= 21.54
menentukan jumlah plate minimum, Nm

XLD XHD XHW
1.00 0.00 0.05
diketahui
R = 0.5975855131
R+1
Rm = 0.4974874372
Rm + 1
nilai Nm/N dilhat berdasarkan figure 4-5 Harker
Nm = 0.57
N
N = Nm
0.57
N = 32.7046121534 plate
menentukan FEED PLATE
XHf XLF XLW

0.00 0.61 0.14
Ne = 1.4145488474
Ns
Ne = 1,401859 * Ns
N = Ne + Ns
32.70 = 1,401859 Ns + Ns
= 2.4145488474
Ns = 13.5448128076 =
Ne = 19.1597993458 =
penentuan jumlah plate destilasi 1
LAJU ALIR REFLUX DIHIT DGN METODE UNDERWOOD
alah pada saat titik didih : q=1
ki bottom άi feed άi destilat άi bottom ά av

182.11 98.30 125.09 36.62 67.6835132537
69.87 24.61 28.36 14.05 19.9602971639
9.32 1.39 1.30 1.87 1.5608466736
4.97 1.00 1.00 1.00 1
1.19 0.21 0.21 0.24 0.2213793192
0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0013203757
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.7571393338183E-05
125.52
Xid Xb (ἀi.Xf)/(ἀi-θ) KOMPONEN

0.00 0.00 0.00 isobuten
0.00 0.00 0.27 Air
1.00 0.14 -0.25 Solvent
0.00 0.05 0.00 MTBG
0.00 0.90 -0.01 DTBG
0.00 0.00 0.00 gliserol
0.00 0.00 0.00 TTBG
1.00 1.09 0.01 Total
jumlah plate minimum, Nm
ά L,AV =
XLW ά LD ά LW ά L av log ά L av
0.14 1.30 1.87 1.5608466736 0.1933602432
ED PLATE
XHD W D log Ne/Ns Ne/Ns

0.00 9.56 14.50 0.1506179492 1.4145488474
1,401859 Ns + Ns
Ns
14 aktual
19 ideal
neraca ma
F
LOG av F15
ά av =
1.83
1.30
0.19 LK
0.00 HK
-0.65
-2.88
-4.56
NERACA MASSA T
Persamaan 11-11 hal 399, Coulson :
F=L+D
5 3.1486
R=
άi Xf Xid Xb (ἀi.Xd)/(ἀi-θ)
98.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
24.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 L =
1.39 0.61 1.00 0.14 0.72
1.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.45 R =
0.21 0.30 0.00 0.90 0.26
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 F =
0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.25 =
125.52 1.00 1.00 1.09 1.99 =
F =
L =
komposisi destila
komponen
isobuten
Air
Solvent
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Total
log (XLD/XHD)*(XHW/HLW)Nmin
3.6045499028 18.641628927
neraca massa pada kondensor
CD-4083
L F16 (REFLUKS)
NERACA MASSA TOTAL

11 hal 399, Coulson :
F=L+D
D= 4296.27 Kg/jam
L
D
R*D
= 1.49
L +D
(R*D)+D
10676.23422 kg
6379.962904 kg
komposisi destilat, D
BM Massa mol Xd komponen

56.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 isobuten
18.00 0.25 0.01 0.00 Air
296.50 4295.89 14.49 1.00 Solvent
148.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 MTBG
204.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 DTBG
92.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 gliserol
260.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TTBG
4296.27 14.50 1.00 Total
NERACA MASSA
KOMPONEN
isobuten
Air
Solvent
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
D
F11
( jumlah massa destilat dari destilasi 1)
komposisi feed, F
BM Massa mol Xf
56.00 0.01 0.00 0.00
18.00 6.19 0.34 0.00
296.50 6494.12 21.90 0.61
148.00 39.25 0.27 0.00
204.00 3219.11 15.78 0.30
92.00 6.75 0.07 0.00
260.00 910.80 3.50 0.09
10676.23 41.87 1.00
NERACA MASSA
MASUK KELUAR
F15 (Kg/jam), F F11 (Kg/jam), D F16 (Kg/jam), L
0.01 0.00 0.00
6.19 0.25 0.37
6494.12 4295.89 6379.39
39.25 0.13 0.19
3219.11 0.00 0.00
6.75 0.00 0.00
910.80 0.00 0.00
10676.23 10676.23
PERSAMAAN TREYB
Q =
L' =
L =
F =
V =
diketahui :
F
L
V
UMPAN PADA KONDIS

q
L' =
L' =
V' =
V' =
komposisi REFLUX, L
B =
komponen BM Massa mol Xf B =
isobuten 56.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Air 18.00 0.37 0.02 0.00
Solvent 296.50 6379.39 21.52 1.00
MTBG 148.00 0.19 0.00 0.00
DTBG 204.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
gliserol 92.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TTBG 260.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 6379.96 21.54 1.00
F18
F17 F12
R-4101
PERSAMAAN TREYBALL komposisi feed reb

KOMPONEN
L' - L isobuten
F Air
Solvent
Komponen Trap Out MTBG
komponen refluks DTBG
komponen feed gliserol
feed kondensor TTBG
Total
Komposisi bottom reboiler, F12, B

KOMPONEN
= 6367.61 kg/jam isobuten
= 6379.9629 kg/jam Air
= 10676.23 kg/jam Solvent
MTBG
DTBG
UMPAN PADA KONDISI BUBLE POINT gliserol
= 1 TTBG
Total
F+L
12747.57 kg
Komposisi reflux reboiler, F18, V'
F(q-1) + V KOMPONEN
10676.23421982 kg isobuten
Air
L' - V' Solvent
2071.34 kg MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Total
NERACA MASSA
MASUK KELUAR
KOMPONEN
F17 (Kg/jam), L' F18 (Kg/jam), V' F12 (Kg/jam), B
isobuten 0.00 0.00 0.00
Air 0.00 0.00 0.00
Solvent 195.22 163.50 43.39
MTBG 116.81 97.83 12.96
DTBG 9677.21 8104.77 1479.92
gliserol 20.30 17.00 1.40
TTBG 2738.03 2293.13 533.67
12747.57 10676.23 2071.34
Total
12747.57 12747.57
komposisi feed reboiler , F17, L'
BM MASSA KMOL X
56.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
18.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
296.50 195.22 0.55 0.02
148.00 116.81 0.66 0.01
204.00 9677.21 39.73 0.76
92.00 20.30 0.18 0.00
260.00 2738.03 8.82 0.21
Total 12747.57 49.95 1.00
m reboiler, F12, B
BM MASSA KMOL X
56 0.00 0.00 0.00
18 0.00 0.00 0.00
296.5 43.39 0.15 0.02
148 12.96 0.09 0.01
204 1479.92 7.25 0.76
92 1.40 0.02 0.00
260 533.67 2.05 0.21
Total 2071.34 9.5562102 1
2071.34
x reboiler, F18, V'

BM MASSA KMOL X
56.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
18.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
296.50 163.50 0.55 0.02
148.00 97.83 0.66 0.01
204.00 8104.77 39.73 0.76
92.00 17.00 0.18 0.00
260.00 2293.13 8.82 0.21
Total 10676.23 49.95 1.00
Q 18 6367.6109 kg/j
T in 343
T in 30
T ref 25
Q 18
Komponen BM Massa cp
isobuten 56 0.0010 3.4071
Air 18 0.2510 3.3944
Solvent 296.5 4339.2812 3.1046
MTBG 148 13.0908 3.0081
DTBG 204 1479.9212 3.1176
gliserol 92 1.4000 2.7652
TTBG 260 533.6657 3.1800
Total 6367.6109
6367.6108905323
Panas yang diberikan reboiler
T out 231.26
T ref 25
QR1
isobuten 56 0.0000 3.4071
Air 18 0.0000 3.3944
Solvent 296.5 43.3928 3.1046
MTBG 148 12.9599 3.0081
DTBG 204 1479.9212 3.1176
gliserol 92 1.4000 2.7652
TTBG 260 533.6657 3.1800
TOTAL 2071.3395747085
Beban panas yg diserap kondensor (QC)

Q18+Q reboiler=Q20+Q19+Q kondensor
1437450.860 3888395.627643 Q kondensor
Q kondensor= -2450944.7672
Tabel Neraca Energi
Panas Simbol Masuk (KJ) Keluar (KJ)
Panas yang dibawa umpa Q18 99132.8157 -
Panas produk bawah Q20 - 1338318.0447
Panas produk atas Q19 - 2550077.5829
Panas dari reboiler 1 QR1 1338318.0447 -
Panas diserap kondensor QC1 - -2450944.7672
Total 1437450.8604 1437450.8604
tabel neraca D-01

Masuk (kJ/jam) Keluar (kJ/jam)
Q18 99132.8157 Q20
QR 1 1338318.0447 Q19
QC 1
TOTAL 1437450.8604
DISTILASI 01
T out 216.188
T ref 25
Q 19 top
dt Q Komponen BM (kg/kmol)
5.00 0.0173859637 isobuten 56
5.00 4.2603802513 Air 18
5.00 67357.6446032657 Solvent 296.5
5.00 196.892113379 MTBG 148
5.00 23069.3593967655 DTBG 204
5.00 19.3565216445 gliserol 92
5.00 8485.2852854897 TTBG 260
99132.8157 Total
TOTAL
T out 231.26
T ref 25
Q 20 bot
Komponen BM
isobuten 56
Air 18
Solvent 296.5
MTBG 148
DTBG 204
gliserol 92
TTBG 260
TOTAL
dt Q
206.26 0.0000
206.26 0.0000
206.26 27786.3756
206.26 8040.9715
206.26 951657.2138
206.26 798.4952
206.26 350034.9886
1338318.0447
IKO YANG DIPAKAI UNTUK NE DISTILASI 01 DAKIM ANI
Keluar (kJ/jam)
1338318.0447
2550077.5829
-2450944.7672
1437450.8604
Q 19
T out 216.188
destilat 4296.27 kg/jam
Q 20
T out 231.26 isobuten
residu 2071.3395747 kg/jam Air
Solvent
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
Q 19 top TTBG
Massa (kg/jam) cp (kJ/kg.C) dt Q (kj/jam)
0.0010 3.4071 191.188 0.6648
0.2510 3.3944 191.188 162.9067
4295.8884 3.1046 191.188 2549838.7246
0.1309 3.0081 191.188 75.2868
0.0000 3.1176 191.188 0.0000
0.0000 2.7652 191.188 0.0000
0.0000 3.1800 191.188 0.0000
4296.2713 2550077.58290118
Q 20 bot
Massa cp dt Q
0.0000 3.4071 206.26 2.97409769716E-54
0.0000 3.3944 206.26 3.76858082716E-35
43.3928 3.1046 206.26 27786.3755517392
12.9599 3.0081 206.26 8040.9715264994
1479.9212 3.1176 206.26 951657.21383537
1.4000 2.7652 206.26 798.4952308798
533.6657 3.1800 206.26 350034.98859702
2071.3396 1338318.0447
CP
3.407143
3.394444
3.104553
3.008108
3.117647
2.765217
3.18
Q 21
T in 231.26
T in 231.26
T ref 25
Q 21
isobuten 56 0.0000 3.4071
Air 18 0.0000 3.3944
Solvent 296.5 195.2248 3.1046
MTBG 148 116.8100 3.0081
DTBG 204 9677.2120 3.1176
gliserol 92 20.2993 2.7652
TTBG 260 2738.0276 3.1800
Total 12747.5738
T in 231.26
T ref 25
Q 22 bottom
isobuten 56 0.0000 3.4071
Air 18 0.0000 3.3944
Solvent 296.5 43.3928 3.1046
MTBG 148 12.9599 3.0081
DTBG 204 1479.9212 3.1176
gliserol 92 1.4000 2.7652
TTBG 260 533.6657 3.1800
Total 2071.3396
ΔQ= Q out- Q in
ΔQ= 1384.123 KJ
KEBUTUHAN STEAM
T steam 242 C
Hl 1047.2 Kj/Kg
Hv 2802 Kj/Kg
l 1754.8 Kj/Kg
P= 1 atm
Sumber : Smith Vannes. Steam Table F2 hal 725
massa steam= ΔQ/λ

m= 0.7888 kg
Qs= m*Hv
2210.1171 KJ
Qc= m*Hl
825.9938 KJ
tabel neraca energi REBOILER 01
masuk keluar
Q 21 feed 8227846.3801 Q 21 reflaks
Qs 2210.1171 Q22 bottom
Qc
total 8230056.4972
QS Q 23
T out 343
REBOILER 01 Q 22
T out
Qc
T out 231.26
T ref 25
Q 23 reflaks
dt Q Komponen BM Massa
206.26 7.084497413E-53 isobuten 56 0.0000
206.26 2.792847174E-33 Air 18 0.0000
206.26 125011.23504992 Solvent 296.5 163.5029
206.26 72475.071282918 MTBG 148 97.8297
206.26 6222891.3575732 DTBG 204 8104.7723
206.26 11577.807956769 gliserol 92 17.0009
206.26 1795890.9082255 TTBG 260 2293.1284
8227846.3801 Total 10676.23

dt Q
206.26 0.0000
206.26 0.0000
206.26 27786.3756
206.26 8040.9715
206.26 951657.2138
206.26 798.4952
206.26 350034.9886
1338318.0447
1384.1233225903 3036.110949005
1384.12332259 2210.1171357978
OILER 01 825.9938132075
keluar 1384.1233225903
6890912.4587
1338318.0447
825.9938
8230056.4972
231.26
Q 23 reflaks
cp dt Q
3.4071 206.26 0.0000
3.3944 206.26 0.0000
3.1046 206.26 104698.2937
3.0081 206.26 60698.6748
3.1176 206.26 5211740.4244
2.7652 206.26 9696.5424
3.1800 206.26 1504078.5234
6890912.4587
Q 21
T in
destilat
MASUK KELUAR
KOMPONEN
F15 (Kg/jam), F F11 (Kg/jam), D F16 (Kg/jam), L
isobuten 0.0081 0.0010 0.00
Air 6.1882 0.2510 0.37
Solvent 6494.1244 4295.8884 6379.39
MTBG 39.2492 0.1309 0.19
DTBG 3219.1108 0.0000 0.00
gliserol 6.7525 0.0000 0.00
TTBG 910.8010 0.0000 0.00
Subtotal 10676.2342 4296.2713 6379.9629
TOTAL 10676.2342 10676.2342
T in 216.188
T ref 25
Q 21 feed
KOMPONEN bm MASSA CP
isobuten 0.0081 3.4071
Air 6.1882 3.3944
Solvent 6494.1244 3.1046
MTBG 39.2492 3.0081
DTBG 3219.1108 3.1176
gliserol 6.7525 2.7652
TTBG 910.8010 3.1800
Total 10676.23
T out 150
T ref 25
Q 21 produk
KOMPONEN BM MASSA MOL CP
isobuten 0.0010 3.4071
Air 0.2510 3.3944
Solvent 4295.8884 3.1046
MTBG 0.1309 3.0081
DTBG 0.0000 3.1176
gliserol 0.0000 2.7652
TTBG 0.0000 3.1800
Total 4296.2713
T out 150
T ref 25
Q 21 reflaks
KOMPONEN BM MASSA MOL CP
Air 0.37 3.3944
Solvent 6379.39 3.1046
MTBG 0.19 3.0081
DTBG 0.00 3.1176
gliserol 0.00 2.7652
TTBG 0.00 3.1800
Total 6379.96
BEBAN KONDNSOR
ΔQ= Q in- Q out
ΔQ= 2214156.5171
Air Pendingin yang dibutuhkan
T in = 28
T out = 45
T ref = 25
Massa air pendingin = 41952.7371513
Qw in = 390733.5030
Qw out = 2604890.0201
Tabel Neraca Energi Kondensor 01

Masuk Keluar
Aliran Panas kj/jam Aliran Panas kj/jam
Q feed 6357292.3268 Q distilat 1667257.8711
Qw in 390733.50301 Q reflux 2475877.9386
Qw out 2604890.0201
Total 6748025.8298 6748025.8298
390733.50301
2214156.5171
2604890.0201
Qw in
T in 25 C
250
KONDENSOR 01 Q 21 out
T out 150
10676.23 kg/jam destilat 1099.88 kg/jam
Q21 Refluks
T out 150
Qw out
T out 45 C
Kg/jam), L
ΔT Q
191.2 5.2678
191.2 4016.0027
191.2 3854608.9922
191.2 22572.7640
191.2 1918772.5787
191.2 3569.9129
191.2 553746.8085
6357292.3268
ΔT Q
125 0.4346490916
125 106.50950628
125 1667101.7039
125 49.223028345
125 0
125 0
125 0
1667257.8711
ΔT Q
125 0.645453901
125 158.16661683
125 2475646.0303
125 73.096197092
125 0
125 0
125 0
2475877.9386
ΔQ= Q out- Q in
ΔQ= -2214156.5171
2214156.5171
C Cp Air= 3.1045531197
C
C
kg/jam
kj/jam
kj/jam
DAKIM ANI
IKO YANG DI PAKAI UNTUK TA
DECANTER
T 128.52326 C 401.52326 K
KOMPONEN mol massa Densitas
C4H8 0.0000 0.0000 0.0119 0.00
H2O 0.0232 0.4181 70.2587 0.19
C19H36O2 0.1462 43.3438 5646.3619 19.35
C7H16O3 0.6173 91.3649 13873.2815 40.78
C11H24O3 0.0732 14.9282 1947.3316 6.66
C3H803 0.7455 68.5856 7943.5292 30.61
C15H32O3 0.0207 5.3905 614.6117 2.41
Total 224.03104961
DENSITAS A.B^-(1-T/Tc)^n
Komponen A B n Tc
gliserol 0.34908 0.24902 0.1541 723
ib 0.23181 0.2666 0.27964 417
water 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13
C7H16O3 0.2548 0.261 0.28571 558.21

C11H24O3 0.28703 0.2553 0.28571 690
C15H32O3 0.26756 0.26111 0.28571 788.66
C19H36O2 0.27971 0.2624 0.33247 764
urutan lapisan mol massa Densitas
C4H8 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 TOP
H2O 0.02 0.42 70.26 0.19 3.4013714E-05
C15H32O3 0.02 5.39 614.61 2.41 0.3972092487
C11H24O3 0.07 14.93 1947.33 6.66 9.2562378909 5.12101214
C19H36O2 0.15 43.34 5646.36 19.35 90.743762109 2.1671884042
C3H803 0.75 68.59 7943.53 30.61 3.429277598
C7H16O3 0.62 91.36 13873.28 40.78 4.5682441332
224.0310496
A.B^-(1-T/Tc)^n
CARL YAWS DENSITAS Densitas*fr massa
density 25 C
T (1-T/Tc)^n g/ml.K kg/m3 kg/m3 mix g/l
401.67326 0.8825255769 0.115819279 115.81927913 25947.114669 25.947114669 1.257
401.67326 0.397012639 0.33113773 331.1377299 0 0 0.589
401.67326 0.7580735699 0.16803678 168.03677986 0 0 1.027
25947.114669 25.947114669
401.67326 0.6954025405 0.151844791 151.84479074 0.876
401.67326 0.7793385286 0.130446883 130.44688326 0.6778
401.67326 0.8159438237 0.114016734 114.01673355 0.6137
401.67326 0.7803367429 0.13026929 130.26928987 0.87
KOMPOSISI DI INGINKAN
BOTTOM
1.7901954E-06
0.0209057499
0.2695269547
41.176579679
65.156274362
86.796638531
193.41992707
Inet
Fungsi : tempat terjadinya reaksi antara gliserol dengan ib Stainless 316 Type SA-240
Tipe : Fixed Bed
T in : 90 C densitas =
T out : 90 C
P: 20 atm 293.92 psi
reaksi :
C3H8O3 + C4H8 ↔ C7H16O3
C11H16O3 + C4H8↔ C11H24O3
C11H23O3+C4H8↔C15H32O3
konversi : 93.00%
4 jam LAJU ALIR MOLAR
laju alir massa umpan, mb : 2217.3913 kg/jam 27.9009 kmol/jam
laju alir volumetrik umpan, Vb = m = 13.7306 m3/jam
densitas = 0.2288434799 m3/min
= 0.003814058 m3/s
konsentrasi umpan, Cao = mb = 2.0320 kmol/m3
vb
volume reaktor, Vr : 54.9224351703 m3

faktor keamanan = 10%
maka Vr = 61.0249 m3 16120.9552210566 galon
dimensi reaktor
reaktor berbentuk silinder vertikal dengan alas dan tutup berbentuk ellipsoidal
Volume silender, Vs =
Vs =
volume head, Ve =
diameter reaktor Dt =
Vr = Vs + 2 Ve
Vr = 1,4404 *Dt^3
Dt^3 = Vr
1.4404
Dt^3 = 42.3666536844
Dt = 3.4861124158 m
11.4372376137 f
137.2482458098 in
tinggi reaktor, Hr = Hs + 2He

tinggi silinder, Hs = 1,5 Dt 5.2291686237 m tinggi head, He = 0,25Dt
17.1558564206 f
205.8723687147 in
tinggi reaktor, Hr = 6.9722248316 m
22.8744752275 f
274.4964916196 in
tebal dinding silinder, ts = 437
P op = 293.92 psi
R= 68.6241229049 in 1.7430562079 m
S= 16,100.00 psi
E= 0.85 EFISIENSI PENGELASAN
C= 0.002 in/thn
n= 10 tahun
ts = 1.5131177572 in
0.0384332679 m 3.8433267899
3.8433267899 mm
tebal head, te = PD t =
te   C
2 SE  0 , 2 P
= 1.4970490046 in
0.0380251208 m
3.8025120768 mm
10813.8888888889 (S)
kebutuhan katalis, Al2O3 =

densitas AMBERLYST = 1200 kg/m3 1.2 g/cm2
Vr = 61.0249279671 m3
19.6640953128 kg
diameter tube, Du = 0,0035 * Dt

Du = 0.0122013935 m 1.2201393455 cm
0.4803688603 in
maka dipilih tube ukuran :
NPS : 1 in
Sch No : 40
OD : 1.315 in
ID : 1.049 in 0.0266446533 m
a" : 0.494 in2
menghitung tumpukan katalis dalam tube, Z :

78.65638125 = 29.4037635
2.675044684
tinggi katalis keseluruhan Z = 29.403763501 m

dipilih tinggi tube standar 10 f 3.0480370641 m
maka Z = 80% dt tinggi tube : 8f 2.4384296513 m
jumlah tube, Nt : tinggi katalis keseluruhan

tinggi kaltalis per tube
Nt = 12.0584834117 buah = 28
mendesain tube
panas steam, Q steam = 75.728479 kkal/jam 300.51485 Btu/jam
Asumsi UD = 200 - 700 Btu/hr Ft F 20
( Tabel 8, D.Q Kern )
UD = 450 BTU/hr f2 F
Zc = 2.4384296513 m
panjang pipa(tube), L = 3.0480370641 m
luas penampang, a" = 0.494 in 2
susunan pipa trianguler
tebal pipa = (OD-ID)

2
tp= 0.133 in
pitch,Pt = 1,25 x OD
pitch,Pt = 1.64375 in
clearance, C = Pt- OD
C= 0.32875 in
Shell
diameter shell = diameter reaktor = 3.486112416 m 83.4598881
jarak buffle,B = Dshell *0,3

B= 1.0458337247 m
41.1744737429 in
area peerpan dlm shell =
A = 1130.2248586719 in2
Desain Jaket pendingin
T umpan (T0) 28 C 82.4
T air (Tc) 40 C 104
Densitas ρ 155.7614 Kg/m3 9.7241832
Panas , Q 185.3323 kkal/jam 32.618477
Massa air, m 3.21 kg/jam
Koeffisien panas (UD) 250 btu/jam ft2. F
Luas Area Perpindahan panas (A)

A = Q/ UDΔT
0.006040 ft2
karena massa air pendingin lebih kecil dari massa umpan, maka digunakan jaket
Diameter tangki (D1)
D1 = Dt + 2 td
140.274481 in
3.56297895 m
Tinggi jaket (Hj)
asumsi jarak jaket 5 in
Hj = Hc + 2te + jarak jaket
282.49059 in
7.17527533 m
Diameter Luar Jaket, D2
D2 = D1 + 2jarak jaket
150.274481 in
3.81697946 m
Tekanan Hidrostatik pada jaket (PH)
PH = ρ . g . Hc
10653.6933 kg/m2 s
0.10334082 atm
1.51868643 psi
Tekanan Desain (Pj)
Pj = P op + PH
20.1033408 atm 20.364684
295.436686 psi
Tebal dinding jaket (tj)
PR
td  C
SE  0,6 P
R = 70.1372407 in
E 0.85 peter, Tabel 4 hal 538
S 13700 psi Wallas,Tabel 18.4
Faktor korosi 0.002 in/tahun
tahun digunakan 10 tahun
tj 1.80690508 + 0.02
tj 1.82690508 in
46.4033889 mm
Lambang Keterangan Satuan

T Temperatur ⁰C
P Tekanan atm
m Massa kg/jam
v Volume m3
µ (mu) Viskositas cP (sentipoise)
ρ (rho) Densitas kg/m3
t Waktu detik
D Diameter cm
H Tinggi cm
S Allowable stress Psi (pound per square inch)
E Joint efficiency %
C Faktor korosi in/tahun
g Percepatan gravitasi bum/s2
td Tebal dinding tangki mm
W lebar daun pengaduk ft
J lebar baffle ft
Tc Temperatur steam ⁰C
Q Panas kkal
UD koefisien panas Btu/jam.ft2˚F
R jari-jari tangki m
A luas area perpindahan pft2
konversi
1m= 3.2808
161.492570202 kg/m3 1 atm = 14.696
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3

3.613E-05 lb/in3
93%
1m 3.28 ft
laju alir Vb = MB/p 13.730608793 39.37 in
konsentrasi umpan 2.0320252211
1 atm 14.6959 psi
10332.27 kg/m2
1.013 bar
13.7306087926
Tinngi cairan (Hc) Tekanan hidrostatik

0.8715281039 m Pc =
V xHt
2.8593094034 f H c  c
34.3120614524 in
V t
Hc = 1.569 m
5.147 f
61.761710614 in Pd =
buah tube
0.001124
ern )
9.1356383541
Konversi satuan
1 kg/m3 0.06243
F 3.6127E-05
F
lb/ft3 1m 3.28
btu/jam 39.37
1 atm 14.6959
10332.2745
1.013
1 m3 35.314
n, maka digunakan jaket pemanas 61023.744
264.172
1 kg 2.2046
1 cP 0.000672
bar
peter, Tabel 4 hal 538

Wallas,Tabel 18.4
f= 39.37 in Komponen
psi
gliserol
1 kg/m2 0.0014 psi ib
0.0000097 atm water
Total
1 atm 14.7 psi
1 in 25.4 mm
1 mm 0.03937 in
ekanan hidrostatik
ρgH
2485.280746 kg/m s2
0.0241072232 atm 298.9018
0.3543761816 psi
Pop + Pc
20.024107223 atm
294.35437618 psi
lb/ft3 1 kgf/m2 0.0014 psi
lb/in3 0.0000097 atm
ft 1 atm 14.7 psi

in 1.013 bar
1 in 25.4 mm
psi
kg/m2 1 hp 550 ft.lbf/s
bar
1 kkal = 3.968 btu
ft3
in3 1 W/m2˚C 0.176 Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
gal
1 cP 2.4191 lb/ft.h
lb
lb/ft.s
F1 xi Densitas fraksi *ρ
kg/jam kg/m3 kg/m3
1000 0.45 105.77693142 47.595459608
1217.3913043 0.55 207.92559386 113.89711059
5.0251256281 0.00 155.7613846 0.3521934571
2217.3913043 1 161.4925702 densitas camp
C2H5OH + NH3 C2H5NH2 + H2O

C2H5NH2 + C2H5OH (C2H5)2NH + H2O
(C2H5)2NH + C2H5OH (C2H5)3NH + H2O
FEED CAIRAN
KOMPOSISI cairan masuk reaktor
Komponen kg/jam Fr. Massa kmol/jam Fr. Mol
gliserol 1000 0.4499606764 21.7391304348 0.661007566
ib 1217.3913043 0.5477782147 10.8695652174 0.330503783
water 5.0251256281 0.0022611089 0.279173646 0.008488651
Total 2222.41643 1 32.8878692982 1
DENSITAS A.B^-(1-T/Tc)^n CARL YAWS

Komponen A B n Tc T (1-T/Tc)^n
gliserol 0.34908 0.24902 0.1541 723 303.15 0.9196564012
ib 0.23181 0.2666 0.27964 417 363.15 0.5641751134
water 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 363.15 0.7903154159
C7H16O3 0.2548 0.261 0.28571 558.21 273.15 0.8253008625

C11H24O3 0.28703 0.2553 0.28571 690 273.15 0.8658982394
C15H32O3 0.26756 0.26111 0.28571 788.66 273.15 0.8856107331
C19H36O2 0.27971 0.2624 0.33247 764 273.15 0.8632124531
BERAT Molekul cairan

Komponen BM BMcamp
gliserol 92 60.812696069
ib 56 18.508211847
water 18 0.1527957188
Total 79.473703635
VISKOSITAS
KOMPONEN A B C D T2 T1
gliserol -18.2152 4.23E+03 2.87E+03 -1.86E-05 303.15 298.15
ib -5.119 3.41E+02 1.99E-02 -3.11E-05 303.15 298.15
water -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 303.15 298.15
C7H16O3 -6.7539 1.16E+03 1.14E-02 -1.07E-05 303.15 298.15

C11H24O3 -12.005 2.62E+03 1.82E-02 -1.18E-05 303.15 298.15
C15H32O3 -7.8643 1.48E+03 1.47E-02 -1.21E-05 303.15 298.15
C19H36O2 -11.3485 2.33E+03 1.82E-02 -1.19E-05 303.15 298.15
SURFACE TENSION
KOMPONEN a Tc n (1-T/Tc)^n T S
Asetaldehid 67.66 461 1.194 0.119592483 383.15 8.0916274145
Air 132.674 647.13 0.955 0.424720686 383.15 56.349392306
Mangan Asetat 57.05 592.71 1.0703 0.328642181 383.15 18.749036445
0
Kecepatan volumetris cairan

Fc = Massa cairan
Densitas
= 2222.41643
161.84476366
= 13.731778401 m3/jam
FEED GAS
KOMPOSISI gas masuk rea
Komponen
Oksigen
Nitrogen
Total
A.B^-(1-T/Tc)^n g/ml Faktor Kompresibilitas (Z)

DENSITAS Densitas*fr massa Komponen
density 25 C
g/ml.K kg/m3 kg/m3 mix g/l Oksigen
0.1057769314 105.776931 47.5954596077 0.04759546 1.257 Nitrogen
0.2079255939 207.925594 113.8971105939 0.113897111 0.589 Total
0.1557613846 155.761385 0.3521934571 0.000352193 1.027
161.8447636587 0.161844764 Tr
0.1067797205 106.779721 0.876 Inet Pr
0.1040366933 104.036693 0.6778 T
0.094721964 94.721964 0.6137 P
0.1049140838 104.914084 0.87
Z
0.001
CP log cp x.miu kg/m.s
1303715404.2 9.1151828 4.1014738165 0.004101474
517729.0597 5.71410254 3.1300608892 0.003130061
2700821.4302 6.43149587 0.0145423127 1.454231E-05
7.2460770185 0.007246077
1749840.1656 6.24299838
3952131.9905 6.59683144
2229472.1398 6.34820205
3510633.1963 6.54538546
x. S N/m
3.6409141443 0.00364091 0.001
30.866969517 0.03086697
0.0423936137 4.23936E-05
34.550277275 0.03455028
BERAT Molekul gas

Komponen
Oksigen
Nitrogen
Total
DENSITAS gas masuk
KECEPATAN volumetris ga
Qg
KOMPOSISI gas masuk reaktor
kg/jam Fr. Massa kmol/jam Fr. Mol
8502.336 0.21 265.698 0.188703
31984.98 0.79 1142.321 0.811297
40487.31 1 1408.019 1
Faktor Kompresibilitas (Z)

Tc Tc.yi Pc Pc.yi
154.8 32.508 5.08 1.0668
126.2 99.698 3.39 2.6781
132.206 3.7449
T/Tc = 2.898129
P/Pr = 0.432909
= 383.15 k 110 c
= 1.6212 mpa 16 atm
= 0.98
BERAT Molekul gas
BM BMg
32 6.038511
28 22.7163
28.75481
DENSITAS gas masuk
= 28.75481 16
0.082 383.15
= 14.6436 kg/m3
= 0.014644
KECEPATAN volumetris gas

= Massa gas
densitas
= 40487.31
14.6436
= 2764.847 m3/jam
DIFFUSIVITAS GAS dalam CAIRAN
Pers. 2-44., Treyball
= 1.17E-16 5.656854 383.15

0.110903 0.007246077
= 3.16E-10
Menentukan DIAMETER GELEMBUNG

Hubungan antara diameter gelembung dengan diameter orifice
Pers. 18-128, Perry
Untuk keadaan gelembung yang stabil berlaku syarat
pers. 18-68, perry
Range Do : 0,004 cm < Do < 0,95 cm p. 18-68, perry

Do = 0.2 cm (asumsi)
Db = 6 0.2 34.55027728
980 0.161845
= 0.639395 cm
Check stabilitas gelembung

Db < 0,078 34.55028
0.161845 - 0.014644
Db < 0.078 15.3204
Db < 1.194991 cm
Jadi diameter orifice yang diambil memenuhi

D orifice = 0.2 cm
D gelembu= 0.639395 cm 0.006394 m
Kecepatan terminal gas

Kecepatan terminal gas untuk Db : 1,4 mm < Db < 6 mm berlaku pers. 6-7 Treyball
= 69.10055 + 626.607267
0.103483 2
= 31.32177 cm/dt
= 0.313218 m/dt
Menurut Smith (1981, Vt = 17 - 23 cm/dt, jadi Vt memenuhi
Kecepatan gas di orifice
= 0.25 3.14 4.088262E-05 0.313218

= 1.01E-05 m3/dt
Waktu tinggal gas (tgas)

tgas = db
Ut
= 0.639395
31.32177
= 18.41895 s
= 0.005116 jam
Volume gas (Vg)

Vg = tgas x Qg
= 0.005116 x 2764.847028
= 14.14599 m3
Volume Cairan (Vc)

Vc = Fc x t
= 13.73178 x 0.5
= 6.865889 m3
Hold up gas
Hg = Vg
Vg+ Vc
= 14.14599
21.01188
= 0.673238
Luas permukaan interface (av)

av = 6 Hg
db
= 4.039427
0.006394
= 631.7575 m2/m3
Jumlah orifice (no)

no = Qg
Qgo 3600
= 2764.847
0.036187
= 76403.63 gelembung
Jumlah gelembung gas dalam reaktor

nb = av
3,14 db2
= 631.7575
0.000128
= 4921325 gelembung
Reaktor : gelembung (bubble)
Fungsi : mereaksikan asetaldehid dan oksigen menjadi asam asetat
Type : Continuous Stirred Tank Reaktor
jumlah : 1 unit
laju alir umpan, m 60221.65 kg/jam

laju alir molar, Fao 442.83 kmol/jam
Viskositas umpan
Densitas umpan 487.90838739 kg/m3
Temperatur 383.15 K
Tekanan 16 atm
Waktu tinggal 30 min 0.5 jam
Volume Rekator
Laju alir volumetrik
v = Massa
Densitas
= 123.428195 m3/jam
Konsentrasi umpan
Cao = Fao
v
= 3.587754
Volume reaktor
= 61.7140974
Faktor keamanan reaktor adalah 20% maka:

Vr 77.1426 m3
dimensi reaktor
Volume silender
Vs =
volume head
Ve =
diameter reaktor (Dt)

Vr = Vs + 2 Ve
Vr = 1.1775 Dt3 + 0.2618 Dt3
Dt3 = Vr
1.4393
Dt3 = 53.5973193764 m
iDr = 3.770 m
12.367 ft
148.438 in
tinggi reaktor, Hr = Hs + 2He
tinggi silinder, Hs = 1,5 Dt 5.66 m

18.55461889 ft
222.6576889 in
tinggi head, He = 0,25Dt 0.943 m

3.092436482 ft
37.10961482 in
tinggi reaktor, Hr = Hs + 2He 7.541 m
24.73949186 ft
296.8769185 in
Tekanan desain
tekanan desain 120% X P op
tekanan operasi = 16 atm Tekanan desain
235.1344 psi 19.2 282.16128
atm psi
tebal dinding silinder, ts =
Pd = 282.16128 psi
R= 74.219 in
S= 11500 psi
E= 0.85 (Peter, Tabel 4 Hal 538)
C= 0.002 in/thn (Perry’s Tabel 23-2)
n= 10 tahun 0.02 in
ts = 2.200 in
0.056 m
55.884 mm
Tebal dinding ellipsoidal,te
PD t
te  C
2 SE  0 , 2 P
te = 2.169 in
0.055 m
55.082 mm
Diameter Luar reaktor (oDr)
oDr = ID + 2. ts
oDr 152.839 in
46.5858151656 ft
3.882 m
Merancang pemanas Reaktor

diketahui
T umpan (T0) 110 C 230 F
T steam (Tc) 152 C 305.6 F
Densitas ρ 998 Kg/m3 62.30514 lb/ft3
Panas , Q -92756.7 kj/jam -22168.85 kkal/jam -87933.36
Massa steam, m 0.00 kg/jam
oDr reaktor 152.839 in 12.73 ft 3.883
Tinggi silinder Hs 222.658 in 18.547 ft 5.657
koefisien panas, UD 100 btu/jam ft2. F (kern. Table.8)
Menghitung luas perpindahan panas
Luas perpindahan panas yang tersedia
A = Luas selimut reaktor + Luas penampang bawah reaktor
A OD x Hs + (π/4 x OD2)
A 363.376 ft2

A = Q/ UDΔT
-11.631 ft2
Akebutuhan > Atersedia -11.631 < 363.376
Sehingga jaket pemanas bisa digunakan.
Tinggi jaket (Hj)

Hj = Hs + 2te + jarak jaket
231.995 in
5.893 m
Dj = oDr+ 2 jarak jaket
162.839 in
4.136 m
Tekanan Desain (Pj)

Pj = P op
1.000 atm
14.696 psi
PR
td  C
SE  0,6 P
R= 81.419 in
tj 0.0804867652 + 0.02
tj 0.100 in
2.552 mm
0.0025523638 m
konversi
1m = 3.2808 ft = 39.37 in
1 atm = 14.696 psi
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3 1 kg/m2 0.0014 psi

3.61E-05 lb/in3 9.7E-06 atm
1m 3.28 ft 1 atm 14.7 psi

39.37 in
1 in 25.4 mm
1 atm 14.6959 psi 1 mm 0.03937 in
10332.27 kg/m2
1.013 bar
1 gr/ml 1000 kg/m3

1 kj 0.239 kkal 0.948 btu
1 in 0.0254 m
1 kg/m3 9.7E-06 atm
1 in 25.4 mm
btu/jam
m
m
ekstraktor cair cair
Fungsi: Tempat terbentuknya akrilamida dengan penambahan enzim nitril hidratase
Tipe: Silinder vertikal dengan alas dan tutup ellipsoidal
Jumlah : 1 unit
Sifat bahan : tidak volatil, higroskopis, tidak korosif
Fasa: Padat dan cair
Komponen m (kg/jam) % ρ (kg/m3) ρ x fraksi

isobuten 0.0204111942 0.00 0.5890 0.0000
Air 5.0204153534 0.08 1.0270 0.0008
MTBG 104.7260836661 1.59 0.8760 0.0139
DTBG 1494.869867524 22.66 0.6778 0.1536
gliserol 69.9999996579 1.06 1.2570 0.0133
TTBG 539.0563042685 8.17 0.6137 0.0501
Solvent 4383.112301696 66.44 0.8700 0.5781
Total 6,596.8054 100.00 0.8098
Temperatur, (T) 10 C
Tekanan,(P) 1 atm 14.6959 psi
Laju Alir,( m) 6596.80538336 kg/jam 4.03981032 lb/s
Laju alir volumetrik,( v) 8302.0661 m3/jam 293179.162 ft3/jam
Viskositas,( μ) 0.2194262827 cP 0.00014745 lb/ft.s
Densitas, (ρ) 0.8098234039 kg/m3 0.05055728 lb/ft3
Waktu reaksi hidrolisis 2.5 jam
Kapasitas Tangki
Vt=𝑡 𝑥 �
20755.16524832 m3
732947.9055791 ft3
1266557890.791 in3
5482933.513979 gal
Diameter tangki
V t  V s  2V e
 1,5   
Vt   x D t3   2 x D t3 
 4   24 
12V t
D t3 
5,5
Dt3 249061.9829798
17.27
14421.65506542 m3
Dt 24.3409972814 m
79.8384710829 ft
958.3050629681 in
Faktor keamanan 10%

Vc 90% Vt
18,679.6487 m3
659653.1150212 ft3
1139902101.712 in3
4934640.162581 gal
Tinggi Tangki
Hs = 1,5Dt
36.5114959221 m
119.7577066244 ft
1437.457594452 in
Tinggi Ellipsoidal
He = 1/4 Dt
6.0852493203 m
19.9596177707 ft
239.576265742 in
Tinggi Total Tangki

Ht = Hs + 2He + ( 2-He )
44.5967452424 m
146.2773243951 ft
1755.773860194 in
Desain Pengaduk
viskositas umpan < 4000 cP, maka dipilih impeler jenis propeller berdaun tiga
untuk mencegah vortex, maka pada tangki dipasang baffle
Diameter pengaduk (d)
d = Dt/3
8.1136657605 m
26.6128236943 ft
Panjang daun Pengaduk (L)
L = d/4
2.0284164401 m
6.6532059236 ft
Lebar Daun Pengaduk ( W)
W = d/5
1.6227331521 m
5.3225647389 ft
Tinggi Pengaduk dari dasar tangki ( E)
E = Dt/3
8.1136657605 m
26.6128236943 ft
Lebar Baffle (J )
J = Dt/12
2.0284164401 m
6.6532059236 ft
Desain Jaket Pemanas

T umpan (T0) 9.66 C 49.388 F
T steam (Tc) 152 C 305.6 F
Densitas ρ 2.67 Kg/m3 0.1666881 lb/ft3
Panas , Q 6232.7 kkal/jam 24731.5326 btu/jam
Massa Steam, m 12.37 kg/jam
Koeffisien panas (UD) 123.2 btu/jam ft2. F

A = Q/ UDΔT
0.78 ft2
karena massa steam lebih kecil dari massa umpan, maka digunakan jaket pemanas
D1 = Dt + 2 td
958.3473065568 in
24.3420702707 m
Tinggi jaket (Hj)
1298.754078593 in
32.9884195731 m
968.3473065568 in
24.5960707787 m
PH = ρ . g . Hc
860.7011933144 kg/m2 s
0.0083488016 atm
0.1226931531 psi
Tekanan Desain (Pj)
Pj = P op + PH
1.0083488016 atm 1.02145734 bar
14.8185931531 psi
PR
td  C
SE  0,6 P
R = 479.1736532784 in
tj 0.6102279991 + 0.02
tj 0.6302279991 in
16.0077911779 mm
mbahan enzim nitril hidratase
Konversi satuan
1 kg/m3
1m
V (m3/jam) μ (Cp) μ x fraksi

0.0347 0.34 1.052E-06 1 atm
4.8884 1 0.00076104
119.5503 1 0.01587527
2,205.4734 0.8949 0.20278892
55.6881 1 m3
878.3710
5,038.0601
8302.0661 0.21942628
1 kg
1 cP
komponen a b
Akrilonitril 1140.63 -1.1387
Air 1103.38 -0.3645
818
1000
Volume Silinder Volume ellipsoidal
 
Vs  x D t2 x H s Hs = 1,5 D V e  x D t
3
4 24
1,5
Vs  x D t3
4
Tinggi Cairan (Hc )

ekstraktor direncanakan diletakkan diatas kaki penyangga yang terbuat dari besi
Tk = 2m
Vc(H )
H c  s
Vr
Vc(H )
H c  s
Vr
Hc = 32.86034633 m
107.78193596 ft
1293.711835 in
Tebal Dinding Silinder Tebal Dinding elipsiodel

PR
td  C PD t
SE  0,6 P te  C
2 SE  0 , 2 P
tekanan cairan PH
PH ρgHc te 0.0011217931
261.05467044 kg/m.s2 0.0211217931
0.0025322303 atm 0.5364935435
0.0372134033 psi
tekana desain Pd
Pd= Pop + PH
1.0025322303 atm
14.733113403 psi
jari-jari reaktor 12.170498641 m
479.15253148 in
Allowable stress (S) 18700 psi Wallas,Tabel 18.4
efesiensi pengelasan E 0.85 peter, Tabel 4 hal 538
td 0.0011217944 + 0.02
0.0211217944 in
0.5364935769 mm
Pengaduk jenis TURBIN
Kecepatan putar pengaduk (N)

Nd D
(Treybal, Pers. 6.18)
0, 25
 1,22  1,25 
 gc  d
 
  
σ 72.75 dyne/g Mc Cabe hal 275
0.05 lbf/ft
gc 32.2 ft/s2
N x 4.9 ft 4.97
2.3755301912
N = 0.4436351883 rps
26.6181112968 rpm
1597.0866778 rph
Daya Pengadukan (P)
(McCabe, Pers. 9.17, Hal 259)
Nre 107729.25082
karena Nre > 1000, maka
K T N 3d 5  (McCabe, Pers. 920, hal 262)

P
gc
KT 0.87 (McCabe, Tabel 9.2, Hal 262)
P = 2.8947901953 HP
ket pemanas
versi satuan
0.06243 lb/ft3 1 kgf/m2 0.0014 psi
3.61E-05 lb/in3 0.0000097 atm
3.28 ft 1 atm 14.7 psi

39.37 in 1.013 bar
1 in 25.4 mm
14.6959 psi
10332.27 kg/m2 1 hp 550 ft.lbf/s
1.013 bar
1 kkal = 3.968 btu
35.314 ft3
61023.74 in3 1 W/m2˚C 0.176 Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
264.172 gal
1 cP 2.4191 lb/ft.h
2.2046 lb
0.000672 lb/ft.s
10 283.15
 3
x D t
4
C (Walas, Tabel 18.3)
2P
in
mm
KOMPONEN MASUK EKSTRAK

isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Solvent
MIUU
KOMPONEN
gliserol
ib
water
C7H16O3
C11H24O3
C15H32O3
C19H36O2
Desain Pengaduk
KOMPONEN MASUK EKSTRAKSI
0.0204111942 0.0000
5.0204153534 0.0008
104.72608367 0.0159
1494.8698675 0.2266
69.999999658 0.0106
539.05630427 0.0817
4383.1123017 0.6644
6596.8053834 1
KG/JM
A B C D T2 T1 CP log cp
-18.2152 4.23E+03 2.87E+03 -1.86E-05 303.15 298.15 1.304E+09 9.1151828
-5.119 3.41E+02 1.99E-02 -3.11E-05 303.15 298.15 517729.06 5.7141025
-10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 303.15 298.15 2700821 6.4314959
-6.7539 1.16E+03 1.14E-02 -1.07E-05 303.15 298.15 1749840 6.2429984

-12.005 2.62E+03 1.82E-02 -1.18E-05 303.15 298.15 3952132 6.5968314
-7.8643 1.48E+03 1.47E-02 -1.21E-05 303.15 298.15 2229472 6.348202
-11.3485 2.33E+03 1.82E-02 -1.19E-05 303.15 298.15 3510633 6.5453855
Desain Pengaduk
FRAKSI*CP kg/m.s
0.0000 0.000000
0.0043 0.000004
0.1021 0.000102
0.0662 0.000066
0.5391 0.000539
4.2179 0.004218
6.5454 0.006545
0.01148
HEATER ASETALDEHI
Fungsi :
Bahan Konstruksi :
Jenis :
Data :
Fluida Panas STEAM

Laju alir massa masuk 684.4665
Temperatur masuk (T1) 152
Temperatur keluar (T2) 152
Fluida Dingin ASETALDEHID

Temperatur masuk (t1) 30
Temperatur keluar (t2) 60
1. KESETIMBANGAN PANAS (Q)
Beban panas HE (Q) 1442102.5157
2. MENENTUKAN Δt
Fluida Panas (F)

306 T1
306 T2
0
T 2
LMTD  (T 2  T 1) / ln( )
T 1
MENENTUKAN TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav da
T av
t av
3. MENENTUKAN NILAI A
Dari Tabel 8 D.Q. KERN maka didapatkan nilai Ud sebesar :
Ud =
Q =
Q
A =
U d xTLMTD
Nilai A < 200 ft2 maka tipe heat excanger yang digunakan adalah
Heater dirancang dengan menggunakan ukuran pip

Berdasarkan Tabel. 11 D.Q Kern, diperoleh spesif
ANULUS (in)
IPS 4.0000
SCHEDULE 40.0000
OD (D2) 4.5000
ID (D1) 4.0260
a'' 1.1780
Dengan ukuran pipa = 2,5 x 1,25 in IPS (DQ Kern, T
Flow area, A (in^2)

Exchanger, IPS
Annulus
4x3 3.1400
Fliuda Panas : Anulus Stream (S
4'. Flow Area
D2 =
D1 =
aa =
aa =
De =
De =
5'. Mass Velocity
W =
Ga =
Ga =
6'. Bilangan Reynolds
μ =
Rea =
Rea =
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D
jH =
8'. Pada temperatur =

Cp =
μ =
k =
Cμ =
k
Cp μ ^1/3 =
k
9'. ho
1
k c  3  0 , 14
ho  jHx x x
De k w
ho =
11. Clean Overall Coefficint, Uc
Uc =
Uc =
12. Desain Overall Coefficint, Ud
Rd =
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
Ud =
Ud =
33.72
Uc
Ud
1'/
De' =
De' =
De' =
Rea =
Rea =
f =
f =
f =
s =
ρ =
ρ =
2'/
Δfa =
Δfa =
3'/
V =
V =
Δft =
Δft =
Δpa =
Δpa =
HEATER ASETALDEHID
Memanaskan asetaldehid sebelum masuk reaktor
double pipe Heat Exchanger
kg/jam 1508.9886 lb/jam

C 305.6 F
C 305.6 F

C 86 F
C 140 F
kj/jam 1366849.2801 Btu/jam
Temperatur Fluida Dingin (F) Different

Tinggi 140 t2 165.6
Rendah 86 t1 219.6
54 54
T 2 = 191.33 F
ln( )
T 1
TUKAN TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav dan tav)
305.6 F = 152
113 F = 45
kan nilai Ud sebesar :
70.0000 Btu/jam ft2. F

1366849.2801 Btu/jam
102.0554 ft2
r yang digunakan adalah DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER

(DQ Kern Hal - 102)
er dirancang dengan menggunakan ukuran pipa = 4 x 3 in IPS

dasarkan Tabel. 11 D.Q Kern, diperoleh spesifikasi dengan :
(ft) INNER PIPE (in) (ft)

0.3333 3.0000 0.2500
3.3333 40.0000 3.3333
0.3750 3.5000 0.2917
0.3355 3.0680 0.2557
(ft^2/ft) 0.9170 (ft^2/ft)
n ukuran pipa = 2,5 x 1,25 in IPS (DQ Kern, Tabel 6.2 Hal 110)
Flow area, A (in^2) Annulus (in)

Inner pipe de de'
7.3800 1.1400 0.5300
Fliuda Panas : Anulus Stream (STEAM)
0.3750
0.2917
π(D22 - D12)
4
0.0436 ft2
(D22 - D12) (Eq. 6.3)

D1
0.1904761905 ft
1508.9886 lb/jam
W
aa
34601.0121 lb/hr.ft2
0.0339 lb/ft.hr
De.Ga
μ
194529.7809
(Fig 24)
400
˚F
0.4600 Btu/lb.˚F
0.0339 lb/ft.hr
0.0163 Btu/hr.ft.F
0.9561
0.9852
(Eq.6.15b)
3  0 , 14
x
w
33.7224 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
hio x ho (Eq.6.7)
hio + ho
67.4447164627 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
0.002
1 + Rd (Eq.6.10)
Uc
1 + 0.002
Uc
0.0148 + 0.002
0.0168
1
0.0168
59.4284 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
h outside 201.3004
67.4447164627
59.4284
PRESSURE DR
( D2-D1 ) (Eq.6.4)
0.3750 - 0.3355
0.0395 ft
De.Ga/μ
0.0395 x 34,601.01
0.0339
40,340.6133
0.0035 + 0.264 (Eq.3.47)

(Rea)^0.42
0.0035 + 0.264
166.4846
0.0050857319
1
62.5 x 1
62.5
4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
0.0247512865 ft
Ga
3600ρ
34,601.01
3600 62.5
0.1537822761 fps
3 (V^2/2g)
3 0.0236489884
64.4
0.001101661 ft
(Δfa + Δft)ρ
144
0.0112208973 Psi MEMENUHI KARENA < 10 Psi

ΔT1
ΔT2
ΔT2 -ΔT21
C
Fliuda Dingin : Inner Pipe Stream (ASETAL
4. Flow Area
D1 = 0.2557
ap = π D12
4
ap = 0.0513
5. Mass Velocity
w = 43444.0725
Gp = w
ap
Gp = 846667.0418
6. Bilangan Reynolds
μ = 0.3134
Rep = D1.Gp
μ
Rep = 690666.0753
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D (Fig 24)
jH = 1000
8'. Pada temperatur 45.0 ˚F

Cp = 0.0623
μ = 0.3134
k = 0.1017
Cμ = 0.1921
k
Cp μ ^1/3 = 0.5773
k
9. hi
1
k c  3  0 , 14
hi  jHx x x
D k w
hi = 229.6452
10. Koreksi hi
hio = hi
hio = 201.3004
13. Panjang pipa yang dibutuhkan (L)
Ud = 59.4284
Q = 1366849.2801
a'' = 0.9170
Q = 120.2097
A
U d xTLMTD
A
L  = 131.0902
a"
Dpilih panjang hair pin = 20
Hairpin yang dibutuhkan (n) = L

2 x panjang pipa
hairpin yang digunakan sebanyak =
14. Actual Design
A actual = 131.0902
A actual = 120.2097
Q = 59.4284
UD 
A x LMTD
UcUd = 0.002
Rd 
UcxUd
UcUd
Rd 
UcxUd
PRESSURE DROP
1/
Rep = 690,666.08
f = 0.0035
f = 0.0035
f = 0.0044
s = 0.099
ρ = 62.5
ρ = 6.1875
2/
Δfp = 4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
Δfp = 203.5543230694
ΔPp = Δfp
ΔPp = 203.5543230694
ΔPp = 8.7464748194
RENA < 10 Psi

ingin : Inner Pipe Stream (ASETALDEHID)
ft2
lb/jam
lb/hr.ft2
lb/ft.hr
Btu/lb.˚F
lb/ft.hr
Btu/hr.ft.F
(Eq.6.15a)
Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
ID (Eq.6.5)
OD
Btu/hr.ft2
Btu/jam ft^2 F
Btu/jam
(ft^2/ft)
4225.8800 24.1866
174.7200
ft^2
line ft 320
ft DQ. Kern, Hal 103
= 3.2772542368 6.5545
3.2772542368 4
X a''
ft2
Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
(Eq.6.13)
hr.ft2.◦F/Btu
(step 6)
+ 0.264 (Eq.3.47)
(Rep)^0.42
+ 0.264
283.46
(Table 6)
x 0.099
ft
x ρ
144
x 6.1875
144
Psi MEMENUHI KARENA < 10 Psi

KONVERSI DAN GAMB
KONVERSI
1 Kg/jam 2.20462
1 Kj 0.947817
1 in 12
C ( C x 9/5 ) + 32
F ( F - 32 ) X 5/9
ALASAN PENEMPATAN FLUIDA

1 Laju alir fluida tinggi di tube (karena
2 Harga tube lebih murah dari shell
3 Semua contoh di DQ Kern menempa
KONVERSI DAN GAMBAR
RSI
lb/jam
Btu
ft
F
C
ATAN FLUIDA
r fluida tinggi di tube (karena pressure tinggi diizinkan di tube)
ube lebih murah dari shell
ontoh di DQ Kern menempatkan fluida dg laju alir tinggi di tube
ρ
ρ
P
M
R
FLUIDA DINGIN
KOMPONEN
Asetaldehid
Air
TOTAL
FLUIDA PANAS
KOMPONEN
Steam
TOTAL
Cp
KONVERSI
1 kg
1 Kj
1C
ASETALDEHID
ELEMEN
C
H
O
TOTAL
AIR
tav
113
FLUIDA DINGIN
KOMPONEN
Asetaldehid
Air
TOTAL
FLUIDA PANAS
KOMPONEN
Steam
TOTAL
P
M
R
ρ
KOMPONEN
Asetaldehid
Air
KONVERSI
1 gr/L
1 mNs/m2
1 cP
ASETALDEHID
µ (cP)
0.1295
AIR
µ (cP)
0.6500
FLUIDA DINGIN
KOMPONEN
Asetaldehid
Air
TOTAL
FLUIDA PANAS
KOMPONEN
Steam
TOTAL
k
KONVERSI
1 gr/L
1 kg
1 Kj
1C
1 W/m.C
FLUIDA DINGIN
KOMPONEN
Asetaldehid
Air
Air
INTERPOLASI
STEAM
INTERPOLASI
SIFAT FISIK
= P.BM (COULSON EDS 6

R.T
= 1 atm
= gr/mol
= 0.08206 L.atm
mol.K
= K
FLUIDA DINGIN tav 45 318.15

BM % Berat ρ (gr/L) ρ (kg/m3)
44.05 0.99 1.6873 0.1053
18.00 0.01 0.6895 0.0430
TOTAL 1 0.1484
FLUIDA PANAS tav 152 425

BM % Berat ρ (gr/L) ρ (kg/m3)
18.00 1 0.5159 0.0322
TOTAL 1
liquid
2.20462 Btu
0.947817 lb
33.8 F
(COULSON EDS 6, HAL 322)
C2H4O
JUMLAH BM NILAI NILAI Cp

2 12 11.7 23.4
4 1 18 72
1 16 25.1 25.1
29 120.5
∫ Cp dt (Btu/lb.F) (D.Q KERN, FIG 3 HAL 805)

1
tav 45 113
BM % Berat Cp (Btu/lb.F) Cp mix (Btu/lb.F)
44.05 0.99 0.0529 0.0523
18.00 0.01 1.0000 0.0100
1 0.0623
Tav 152 305.6

BM % Berat Cp (Btu/lb.F) Cp mix (Btu/lb.F)
18.00 1 0.4600 0.4600
1 0.4600
= P.BM
R.T
= 1 atm
= gr/mol
= 0.08206 L.atm
mol.K
= K
BM % Berat Td (C) T d(K)

44.05 0.99
45 318.15
18.00 0.01
1 kg/m3
1 cP
2.42 lb/ft.hr
µ (lb/ft.hr) cair
0.3134
µ (lb/ft.hr) cair (D.Q KERN, FIG 1

1.5730
tav 45
BM fraksi berat µ (cP) µ (lb/ft.hr)
44.05 0.99 0.1295 0.3134
18.00 0.01 0.6500 1.5730
1 0.7795 1.8864
tav 152
BM % Berat µ (cP) µ (lb/ft.hr)
18.00 1 0.0140 0.0339
1

1 kg/m3
2.20462 Btu
0.947817 lb
33.8 F
0.5782 Btu/hr.ft.F
k mix (Btu/hr.ft.F)
0.0980 cair
0.0037 cair
0.1017
Rendah F
T (F) K (btu/hr.ft.F)
80 0.356
113 x
140 0.381
= 0.36975 Btu/hr.ft.F cair
305.6 F
T (F) K (btu/hr.ft.F)
212 0.0137
305.6 x
392 0.0187
= 0.0163 Btu/hr.ft.F uap

KONVERSI
1 gr/L 0.062428 lb/ft3
ρ mix (lb/ft3)
0.1043
0.0004 cair
0.1047
ρ mix (lb/ft3)
0.0322 uap
0.0322
DS 6, HAL 322)
Cp (kj/kg.C) Cp (btu/lb.F)
cair
4.1551724138 0.0529
cair
(D.Q KERN, FIG 3 HAL 805) uap

ρ (gr/L) ρ (kg/m3)
1.6873 1.6704
0.6895 0.0069
1.6773
(D.Q KERN, FIG 15 HAL 825)

µ mix (lb/ft.hr)
0.3103
0.0157
0.3260
µ mix (lb/ft.hr)
0.0339 (D.Q KERN, FIG 15 HAL 825)
0.0339
6, HAL 321)
0.99
0.01
1
uap
Heater (HE-101)
Fungsi : Untuk memanaskan sebelum masuk reaktor
Data :
Fluida Panas STEAM

Laju alir massa masuk 1755.8404 kg/jam 3870.9608
Temperatur masuk (T1) 152 C 305.6
Temperatur keluar (T2) 152 C 305.6
Fluida Dingin FATTY ACID

Temperatur masuk (t1) 30 86
Temperatur keluar (t2) 120 C 248
Beban panas HE (Q) 3081148.7169 kj/jam 2920365.1334
2. MENENTUKAN Δt
Fluida Panas (F) Temperatur Fluida Dingin (F)

306 T1 Tinggi 248
306 T2 Rendah 86
0 162
T 2
LMTD  (T 2  T 1) / ln(
= 121.05
)
T 1
MENENTUKAN TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav dan tav)
R 0.0000
S 0.737704918
Ft = 1 (Fig 21 dq kern)
t = FT x LMTD
= 121.0504360573 F
T av 305.6 F
t av 167 F
Dalam Perancangan ini digunakan heater dengan spesifikasi :
Diameter luar tube (OD) = 3/4in
Jenis tube = 18 BWG
Pitch (Pt) = 15/16in Triangular Pitch
Panjang tube (L) = 12 ft
Ud = 10.0000 Btu/jam ft2. F

Q = 2920365.1334 Btu/jam
Q
A = 2412.5193 ft2
Ud xTLMTD
Nilai A > 200 ft2 maka tipe heat excanger yang digunakan adalah Shell and Tube
EXCHANGER
Shell and Tube
EXCHANGER
Luas Permuakaan Luar (a") = 0.1963 ft2/ft
Jumlah tube (Nt) = A

L x a"
= 1024.1634 Buah
dari tabel 9, hal 842 kern nilai yang terdekat adalah

= 1068.0000 2.0000 pass
ID = 35.0000 in
Koreksi Ud
A = L x Nt x a" 2412.5193 ft2
Ud Q = 10.0000
A x LMTD
2920365.1334
Fluida Dingin : Bahan, Tube
Flow area tube, at' = 0.3340 in2

at = Nt x at'/ 144 X n 4.7549 Ft2
Kecepatan Massa
Gt = W 24116.4484
at 4.7549
5071.9564352037 lbm/f.jam
Bilangan Reynolds
pada tc = 167.0 f
= 7.6333270004 cp 18.472651341
dari tabel 10, untuk 3/4 in OD 18 BWG diperoleh
ID = 0,652 in 0.0543333333 f
Ret =(ID x Gt/) 14.9180696674
Taksir Jh dari gambar 2.4 l/d 220.8588957055

Jh = 1
pada tc = 167 f
c= 0.43 Btu/lbmF Perrys Tabel 2-197
k= 0.0925 Btu/JamfF Tabel 5
(c x miu / k)^0,333 = 4.4052852338
hi/0s = Jh x K/De X ( c x miu/k)^0,33 7.4997954133
Hio/0t = hi/ft x id/od 6.2498295111

karna viskositas rendah 0s =1
ho 6.2498295111
Preasure Drop
Fluida Dingin, Bahan Tube
Res = 14.9180696674
F 0.01 Ft2/in2
fs = 1
s= 0.9264 tabel 7
L 12 f 144 in
n 2
Dt = 0.0543333333 f
Pt= f x Gt^2 x L x n 0.0023497782
5,22 x 10^10 x Ds x s x fs
Psi
Pr= 4n v^2 62,5
s 2g' 144
v^2 0.001 fig 27
2g'
Pr= 0.0086355786
PT= 0.0109853568 Psi

lb/jam
F
F
lb/jam
F
F
Btu/jam
Different
t2 57.6 ΔT1
t1 219.6 ΔT2
162 ΔT2 -ΔT21
F
v)
= 152
= 75 C
Shell and Tube (DQ Kern Hal - 102)

EXCHANGER
Shell and Tube
EXCHANGER
(DQ. Kern Tabel 10)
» 1025.0000
Fluida Panas : Steam, Shell
Tbl.10 Dq Kern Flow area Shell, as' = Ds x C' X B Pers 7.1 DQ. Kern
Pers. (7.48) 144 x Pt
Ds Diameter dalam Shell 35.0000 In
B Baffle spacing 14.0000 in
Pt Tube Pitch 0.9375 in
C' Clearance = Pt - OD 0.1875 in
= 0.6805555556 ft2
3870.9608
Kecepatan Massa
lb/fhr Gs = W/as 5687.942460706
Bilangan Reynolds
Tc 305.6 F
 0.12 Cp 0.2904
dari gambar 28 untuk 3/4 in dan 15/16 in triangular pitch diperoleh de

de = 0.55 in 0.045833 f
Res De X Gs 0.0458333333 x 5687.942

 0.2904
897.7181913993
Taksir Jh dari gambar 28

Jh = 14
pada Tc 305.6 F
c= 0.45 Btu/lbmF gbr 3 kern
k= 0.0163 Btu/jamfF
( c x / k)^1/3 1.9875913685
ho jH x K/De X (c X MIU/K)^1/3
fs
9.8960367335
ho 9.8960367335
Clean Overall Coefficient, Uc

Uc = hio x ho 3.8306115933
hio + ho
Faktor pengotor, Rd
Rd Uc - Ud -0.1610549192
Uc x Ud
Rd hitung < Rd batas maka spesifikasi heater dapat diterim
Fluida panas, Steam, Shell

Re t = 897.7181913993
f= 0.00068
s= 1 tabel 7 kern
ft 1
N+1 = 12 X L/B = 10.285714286 12.0000
Ps f x Gs^2 x De x(N+1) 14.0000
5,22 x 10^10 x De x s x fs
0.0002758599 psi
KONVERS
KONVERSI
1 Kg/jam
1 Kj
1 in
C
F
1Cp
ALASAN PENEMPATAN FLUID

1
2
3
Pers 7.1 DQ. Kern
Fig 14 DQ.Kern
212 0.0137
305.6 0.0163
392 0.0187
a spesifikasi heater dapat diterima
KONVERSI DAN GAMBAR
KONVERSI
2.20462 lb/jam
0.947817 Btu
12 ft
( C x 9/5 ) + 32 F
( F - 32 ) X 5/9 C
2.42 lb/fthr
ALASAN PENEMPATAN FLUIDA

Laju alir fluida tinggi di tube (karena pressure tinggi diizinkan di tube)
Harga tube lebih murah dari shell
Semua contoh di DQ Kern menempatkan fluida dg laju alir tinggi di tube
COOLER ASAM ASETAT
Fungsi :
Bahan Konstruksi :
Jenis :
Data :
Fluida Panas (F) ASAM ASETAT

Temperatur masuk (T1) 118.00
Temperatur keluar (T2) 30.00
Fluida Dingin COOLING WATER

2. MENENTUKAN Δt
Fluida Panas (F)
244 T1
86 T2
158
T 2
LMTD  ( T 2  T 1) / ln( )
T 1
T1  T 2 =
R
t 2  t1
t 2  t1 =
S
T1  t1
Maka dari gambar 18 D.K. QERN didapatkam faktor koreksi adalah seba
Ft  =
TLMTD  ftxLMTD =
=
MENENTUKAN TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav dan tav
T av
t av
Ud =
Q =
Q
A =
U d xTLMTD
COOLER ASAM ASETAT
Memanaskan Gliserol
shell and tube Heat Exchanger

C 244.4 F
C 86.0 F

C 77 F
C 113 F
KESETIMBANGAN PANAS (Q)
2. MENENTUKAN Δt
Tinggi 113 t2 131.40
Rendah 77 t1 9
36 -122.40
T 2
( ) = 45.65 F
T 1
4.4000
0.2151
QERN didapatkam faktor koreksi adalah sebagai berikut :
0.90 (D.Q Kern Fig. 18)
0.90 X 45.65 F
41.09 F
N TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav dan tav)
165.2 F 74 C
95 F 35 C
ilai Ud sebesar :
120.0000 Btu/jam ft2. F

4076507.7558 Btu/jam
744.0908 ft2
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
g digunakan adalah (DQ Kern Hal - 102)

DATA Umpan
komponen massa
C3H803 1000
H2O 5.0251256281
1005.0251256281
ΔT1
ΔT2
ΔT2 -ΔT21
Kern Fig. 18)

EAT EXCHANGER
KONVERSI DAN GAMBAR
KONVERSI
1 Kg/jam 2.20462 lb/jam
1 Kj 0.947817 Btu
1 in 12 ft
C ( C x 9/5 ) + 32 F
F ( F - 32 ) X 5/9 C
SIFAT FISIK
ρ = P.M
R.T
P = 1
M = gr/mol
R = 0.08206
T = K
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 0.0002

Asam asetat 60.0500 0.9998
Mangan asetat 245.0870 0.0000
TOTAL 1.0000
FLUIDA DINGIN tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.00 1
TOTAL 1
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 0.0002

Asam asetat 60.0500 0.9998
TOTAL 1.0000
FLUIDA DINGIN tav
KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 1.0000
TOTAL 1.0000
KONVERSI
1 cP 2.42 lb.ft.hr
Cp
FLUIDA PANAS
KOMPONEN BM RUMUS MOLEKUL
Air 18.0000 H2O

Asam asetat 60.0500 C2H4O2
TOTAL 78.0500
FLUIDA DINGIN
Air 18.0000 H2O
k
FLUIDA PANAS
KOMPONEN k (Btu/hr.ft.F)
Air 0.0002
Asam asetat 0.3100
Mangan asetat 0.0000
0.3102
FLUIDA DINGIN
Air 1.2982
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 0.0002

Asam asetat 60.0500 0.9998
TOTAL 1.0000
KONVERSI
1 cP 2.42 lb.ft.hr
FLUIDA DINGIN tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 1.0000
TOTAL 1.0000
ρ = P.BM
R.T
P = 1
M = gr/mol
R = 0.08206
T = K
ρ
KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 0.9998
Asam asetat 60.0500 0.0000
KONVERSI
1 gr/L 1 kg/m3
1 mNs/m2 1 cP
1 cP 2.42 lb/ft.hr
ASAM ASETAT
µ (cP) µ (lb/ft.hr)
0.0166577551 0.0403117673
SIFAT FISIK
KONVERSI
atm 1 gr/L 0.062428 lb/ft3
L.atm
mol.K
74 347.15
ρ (gr/L) ρ (lb/ft3) ρ mix (lb/ft3)
0.6319 0.0394 0.0000

2.1080 0.1316 0.1316
8.6034 0.0000 0.0000
0.1316
35 308
0.7118 0.0444 0.0444
0.0444
74 347.15
µ (cP) µ (lb/ft.hr) µ mix (lb/ft.hr)
0.4000 0.9680 0.0002

0.6000 1.4520 1.4517
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 (D.Q KERN, FIG 15 HAL 823)
1.0000 1.4519
35 308.15
0.7000 1.6940 1.6940
1.6940
Cp (Kj/kmol.C) Cp (Kj/kg.C) Cp mix (Kj/kg.C)
61.1000 3.3944 0.1886

145.6000 2.4246 0.0404
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.2290

61.1000 3.3944 0.1886
0 273.15
0.5500 1.3310 0.0003

0.8000 1.9360 1.9356
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 (D.Q KERN, FIG 15 HAL
1.9359
0 273.15
0.5500 1.3310 1.3310
1.3310
atm
L.atm
mol.K
Td (C) T d(K) ρ (gr/L) ρ (kg/m3)

0.6318643062 0.6317349406
74 347 2.1079695325 0
2.1430731051 2.1430731051
2.7748080456
COOLER PRODUK SAM
Fungsi :
Bahan Konstruksi :
Jenis :
Data :
Fluida Panas PRODUK BAWAH FD

Temperatur masuk (T1) 84.76
Temperatur keluar (T2) 30.00
Fluida Dingin COOLING WATER

2. MENENTUKAN Δt
Fluida Panas (F)

185 T1
86 T2
99
T 2
LMTD  ( T 2  T 1) / ln( )
T 1
T1  T 2
R
t 2  t1
t 2  t1
S
T1  t1
Maka dari gambar 18 D.K. QERN didapatka
Ft 
TLMTD  ftxLMTD
MENENTUKAN TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav d
T av
t av
Ud =
Q =
Q
A =
U d xTLMTD
DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER
Heater dirancang dengan menggunakan ukura

Berdasarkan Tabel. 11 D.Q Kern, diperoleh s
ANULUS (in)
IPS 4
SCHEDULE 40
OD (D2) 4.5
ID (D1) 4.026
a'' 1.178
Dengan ukuran pipa = 3 x 2 in IPS (DQ Kern, Ta
Flow area, A (in^2)

Exchanger, IPS
Annulus
3x2 3.14
Fliuda Panas : Anulus Stream (MAN
4'. Flow Area
D2 =
D1 =
aa =
aa =
De =
De =
5'. Mass Velocity
W =
Ga =
Ga =
μ =
Rea =
Rea =
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D
jH =
8'. Pada temperatur 35

Cp =
μ =
k =
Cμ =
k
Cp μ ^1/3 =
k
9'. ho
1
k c  3  0 , 14
ho  jHx x x
De k w
ho =
Uc =
Uc =
Rd =
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
1 =
Ud
Ud =
Ud =
2.35
Uc
Ud
1'/
De' =
De' =
De' =
Rea =
=
Rea =
f =
f =
f =
s =
ρ =
ρ =
2'/
Δfa =
Δfa =
3'/
V =
V =
Δft =
Δft =
Δpa =
Δpa =
COOLER PRODUK SAMPING
Menurunkan suhu produk samping sebelum dibuang ke limbah
shell and tube Heat Exchanger

C 184.6 F
C 86.0 F

C 77 F
C 113 F
ESETIMBANGAN PANAS (Q)
2. MENENTUKAN Δt

Tinggi 113 t2 71.57 ΔT1
Rendah 77 t1 9 ΔT2
36 -62.57 ΔT2 -ΔT21
= 30.18 F
= 2.7380
= 0.3347
ari gambar 18 D.K. QERN didapatkam faktor koreksi adalah sebagai berikut :
= 0.90 (D.Q Kern Fig. 18)
txLMTD =
=
0.90
27.16
X
F
F F
TEMPERATUR RATA-RATA (Tav dan tav)
135.3 F 57 C
95 F 35 C
MENENTUKAN NILAI A
Ud sebesar :
60.0000 Btu/jam ft2. F

358146.6561 Btu/jam
197.8087 ft2
unakan adalah (DQ Kern Hal - 102)
rancang dengan menggunakan ukuran pipa = 3 x 2 in IPS

rkan Tabel. 11 D.Q Kern, diperoleh spesifikasi dengan :
(ft) INNER PIPE (in) (ft)

4.2202 3 3.1652
42.2022 40 42.2022
4.7478 3.50 3.6927
4.2477 3.068 3.2369
(ft^2/ft) 0.917 (ft^2/ft)
uran pipa = 3 x 2 in IPS (DQ Kern, Tabel 6.2 Hal 110)
low area, A (in^2) Annulus (in)

Inner pipe de de'
7.38 1.14 0.53
Fliuda Panas : Anulus Stream (MANGAN ASETAT)
4.7478
3.6927
π(D22 - D12)
4
6.9905 ft2
(D22 - D12) (Eq. 6.3)

D1
2.4115565407 ft
20451.2660 lb/jam
W
aa
2925.5636 lb/hr.ft2
1.5730 lb/ft.hr
De.Ga
μ
4485.1634
HRPIN 5
L 20 41.46699375
D 2.4115565407
(Fig 24)
7.5
˚F
0.1886 Btu/lb.˚F
1.5730 lb/ft.hr
1.2055 Btu/hr.ft.F
0.2461
0.6269
(Eq.6.15b)
2.3504 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
hio x ho (Eq.6.7)
hio + ho
0.5881015066 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
0.002
1 + Rd (Eq.6.10)
Uc
1 + 0.002
Uc
Hairpin yang
1.7004 + 0.002
1.7024
1
1.7024
0.5874 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
h outside 0.7844
0.5881015066
0.5874
PRESSURE DROP
( D2-D1 ) (Eq.6.4)
4.7478 - 4.2477
0.5001 ft
De.Ga/μ
0.5001 x 2,925.56
1.5730
930.1107581457
0.0035 + 0.264 (Eq.3.47)

(Rea)^0.42
0.0035 + 0.264
34.1780
0.011224263
1
62.5 x 1
62.5
4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
5.07566328440041E-05 ft
Ga
3600ρ
2,925.56
3600 62.5
0.0130025048 fps
3 (V^2/2g)
3 0.0001690651
64.4
7.87570492409322E-06 ft
(Δfa + Δft)ρ
144
2.54480632674033E-05 Psi MEMENUHI KARENA < 10 Psi
D.Q Kern Fig. 18)
Fliuda Dingin : Inner Pipe Stream (AIR PENDINGIN)
4. Flow Area
D1 = 3.2369
ap = π D12
4
ap = 8.2249 ft2
5. Mass Velocity
w = 4880.3520 lb/jam
Gp = w
ap
Gp = 593.3621 lb/hr.ft2
μ = 1.1241 lb/ft.hr
Rep = D1.Gp
μ
Rep = 1708.6689
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D (Fig 24)

jH = 7
8'. Pada temperatur 0.0 ˚F

Cp = 0.3702 Btu/lb.˚F
μ = 1.1241 lb/ft.hr
k = 0.4126 Btu/hr.ft.F
Cμ = 1.0084
k
Cp μ ^1/3 = 1.0028
k
9. ho
1
k c  3  0 , 14
hi  jHx x x
D k w
hi = 0.89 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
10. Koreksi hi
hio = hi ID
OD
hio = 0.7844 Btu/hr.ft2
Ud = 0.5874 Btu/jam ft^2 F

Q = 358146.6561 Btu/jam
a'' = 0.9170 (ft^2/ft)
Q = 20204.8143 ft^2
A
U d xTLMTD
A
L 
a"
A =
L  215.7129 line ft
a"
Dpilih panjang hair pin = 20 ft
Hairpin yang dibutuhkan (n) = L =

2 x panjang pipa
hairpin yang digunakan sebanyak = 5.3928216842
14. Actual Design
Faktor keamanan = 20 %
A actual = 120.0000 X
A actual = 110.0400 ft2
Q = 107.8564 Btu/hr.ft2.◦F
UD 
A x LMTD
UcUd
= 0.002 hr.ft2.◦F/Btu
Rd 
UcxUd
E DROP
1/
Rep = 1,708.67
f = 0.0035 +
f = 0.0035 +
f = 0.0151
s = 1
ρ = 62.5 x
ρ = 62.5
2/
Δfp = 4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
Δfp = 4.33528098213E-07 ft
ΔPp = Δfp x
144
ΔPp = 4.33528098213E-07 x
144
ΔPp = 1.88163237071E-07 Psi

eam (AIR PENDINGIN)
HRPIN 5
L 20 30.89364
D 3.2369
(Eq.6.15a)
(Eq.6.5)
DQ. Kern, Hal 103
5.3928216842 5
10
a''
(Eq.6.13)
(step 6)
0.264 (Eq.3.47)
(Rep)^0.42
0.264
22.79
(Table 6)
1
62.5
MEMENUHI KARENA < 10 Psi

KONVERSI DAN GAMBAR
KONVERSI
1 Kg/jam 2.20462 lb/jam
1 Kj 0.947817 Btu
1 in 12 ft
C ( C x 9/5 ) + 32 F
F ( F - 32 ) X 5/9 C
SIFAT FISIK
ρ = P.M
R.T
P = 1
M = gr/mol
R = 0.08206
T = K
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Metil asetat 74.0800 0.5499
Methanol 32.0400 0.1185
Air 18.0000 0.2213
Asam asetat 60.0500 0.1103
TOTAL 1.0000
FLUIDA DINGIN tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.00 1
TOTAL 1
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Methanol 32.0400 0.1185
Air 18.0000 0.2213
Asam asetat 60.0500 0.1103
TOTAL 1.0000
FLUIDA DINGIN tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 18.0000 1.0000
TOTAL 1.0000
KONVERSI
1 cP 2.42 lb.ft.hr
Cp
FLUIDA PANAS
Metil asetat 74.0800 C3H6O2
Methanol 32.0400 CH4O
Air 18.0000 H2O
Asam asetat 60.0500 C2H4O2
TOTAL 184.1700
FLUIDA DINGIN
Air 18.0000 H2O
FLUIDA PANAS
Metil asetat 0.0608
Methanol 0.0864
Air 0.1970
Asam asetat 0.0684
0.4126
FLUIDA DINGIN
Air 1.2055
FLUIDA PANAS tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Methanol 32.0400 0.1185
Air 18.0000 0.2213
Asam asetat 60.0500 0.1103
TOTAL 1.0000
KONVERSI
1 cP 2.42 lb.ft.hr
FLUIDA DINGIN tav

KOMPONEN BM % Berat
Air 0.0000 1.0000
TOTAL 1.0000
SIFAT FISIK
KONVERSI
atm 1 gr/L 0.062428 lb/ft3
L.atm
mol.K
57 330.53
2.7312 0.1705 0.0938
1.1813 0.0737 0.0087
0.6636 0.0414 0.0092
2.2140 0.1382 0.0152
0.1025
35 308
0.7118 0.0444 0.0444
0.0444
57 330.53
0.2600 0.6292 0.3460
0.7000 1.6940 0.2007
0.4800 1.1616 0.2571
1.2000 2.9040 0.3203
2.6400 1.1241 (D.Q KERN, FIG 15 H
35 308.15
0.6500 1.5730 1.5730
1.5730
193.3000 2.6093 0.0352
108.8000 3.3958 0.1060
61.1000 3.3944 0.1886
145.6000 2.4246 0.0404
0.3702

61.1000 3.3944 0.1886
0 273.15
0.2900 0.7018 0.3859
0.9000 2.1780 0.2580
0.6000 1.4520 0.3214
1.4000 3.3880 0.3736
1.3390 (D.Q KERN, FIG 15 H
0 273.15
0.6000 1.4520 1.4520
1.4520
Fungsi : Mendinginkan produk bawah FD sebelum masuk ke Ekstraktor
Data etil asetat cair

T in = 84 C
T out = 30 C
µ= 0.2500285747 Cp
K= 0.0088 Btu/jam.Ft.F
Cp = 0.47 Btu/lb.F
�= 902.0353597861 gr
L
56.3175515634 lb/ft3
Air pendingin
T in = 10 C
T out = 30 C
µ= 0.105 Cp
�= 1000 kg/m3
K= 0.3477 Btu/jam.Ft.F
Cp = 1 Btu/lb.F
Panas yang harus di transfer :
Enthalpi umpan masuk HE
Suhu umpan masuk =
Suhu referensi =
Q = M x Cp X ∆T
Q masuk= 152515 Btu/jam
Enthalpi umpan keluar HE

Suhu umpan keluar : 30
Suhu referensi : 25
Q keluar= 12925 btu/jam
∆Q = -139590 btu/jam
139590 Btu/jam 1
60
∆Q = 2326.5 Btu/mnt
Fluida panas :
Suhu umpan rata-rata (Tav) = 57
134.6
Sebagai pendingin digunakan steam pada suhu
Kebutuhan air pendingin = 2561.1026261418 kg/jam

5644.6701880165 lb/jam
1. Menentukan LMTD
Cold Fluid (F)

86
50
T 2  T 1
LMTD 
T 2
ln( )
T 1
LMTD =
LMTD
LMTD =
Dari table 8 kern : Hot fluid : light organik

cold fluid : water
Menentukan luas perpindahan panas :
Q
A
UDxLMTD
A=
75
A= 30.2065392145
Dikarenakan Nilai A < 100 ft^2 maka digunakan tipe perpindahan panas j
Rute fluida :
Inner pipe :
Outer pipe :
Pemilihan pipa standar
Outer pipe
3in IPS Sch 40
OD 3.5
ID 3.068
a't 7.38
ao 0.917
A
Lp 
ao
Lp =
Lp =
n= 2.0234819945 Digunakan HE jenis double pipe exchanger dengan Lp

1.6187855956
1.2140891967 Menentukan A koreksi dan UD koreksi :
72 Akoreksi  Lpxaox Nt
90 A koreksi = 12
80 44.784
Q
UDkoreksi 
Akoreksi xLMTD
UD koreksi :
UD koreksi :
Etil Asetat
Inner Pipe
T av =
Flow area
Dp = ID
=
=
FLOW AREA = xD2
Ap 
4
Ap= 3.14
Ap= 0.0232909991
MASS VELOCITY = Wp
Gp 
Ap
Gp= 3055.55555556
0.0232909991
DpxGp
Re p 

DpxGp
Re p 

Rep= 22597.5469336
0.6050691508
Dari figure 24 kern didapatkan nilai JH (HEAT TRANSFE 170
Koef. Film 1 (Kern halaman 150)
kxjh Cpx 3
hi  ( )
Dp k
hi= 0.0088 Btu/jam.Ft.F
hi= 8.7019406581 x
hi= 27.6996914554 Btu
jam.ft2.F
hio =(𝐼𝐷/𝑂𝐷) =
x hi (
= 16.3586463538
JH 170
JH 340
Menentukan UC dan RD
UC = ho x hio
ho + hio
UC = 13271.8245961
827.66199683
1 1
  Rd
UD UC
1 =
UD
Rd = 1
UD
Rd = 1
50.5870498635
Rd = 0.0197679051
-0.0425944318
Rd > dari Rd min (0,003) = -0.0425944318
Menentukan pressure drop pada outer pipe (anulus)

De' =
=
Rea' = De' x Ga
µ
Rea' = 0.0573333333
Rea' = 26176.2874354
f =0,0035 + 0,264/(Rea')^0,42
f= 0.0035
f= 0.0071819895
∆𝑓�=(4𝑓𝑥𝐺�^2𝑥𝐿)/ =
(2𝑔𝑥𝐷𝑥 �^2)
Velocity =
V = 𝐺�/("" =
𝑥3600)
=
Entrance and exit losses
Ft=3 x =
(𝑉^2)/2𝑔
=
Pressure drop
∆𝑃�= ((∆𝐹�+𝐹𝑡)�"" )/144 =
=
=
Karena ∆Pa < 10 psia, maka HE memenuhi

Menentukan pressure drop pada Inner pipe
Rep = 37347.0485236
f= 0,0035 + 0,264/(Rep')^0,42
f= 0.0035
f= 0.0066714384
∆𝑓�=(4𝑓𝑥𝐺�^2𝑥𝐿)/
(2𝑔𝑥𝐷𝑥 �^2) =
Pressure drop
∆𝑃�= ∆𝐹�𝑥�"" /144 =
karena ∆pa < 10 psia, maka HE memenuhi syarat

belum masuk ke Ekstraktor
Komponen
Etil Asetat
air
total
183.2 F Tav= 134.6 F

86 F
(THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY)
x 1 lb x 28.32
453.6 gr
50 F Tav = 68 F
86 F
(fig.14 Kern)
= 62.4 lb/ft3
(tabel 4 kern)THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
(fig.2 kern)
84 C 183.2 F
25 C 77 F
C 86 F
C 77 F
jam
mnt
Fluida dingin :
C Suhu umpan rata-rata (Tav) =
F
10 C 50 F
Temperature Hot fluid (F) ∆T (F)

High 183.2 97.2 ∆T1
low 86 36 ∆T2
61.2 ∆t2-∆t1
T 2  T 1
MTD 
T 2
ln( )
T 1
36 - 97.2
ln 0.3703703704
-61.2
-0.993251773
61.6157973869 F
luid : light organik sehingga range UD 75-150 Btu/jam.Ft2.F Tabel 8

fluid : water
139590 BTU/jam
btu/jam.ft2.F 61.6157973869 F
Ft2
ka digunakan tipe perpindahan panas jenis double pipe
water
light organik
inner pipe
2 in IPS sch 40
in OD 2.38 in
in ID 2.067 in
in2 a't 3.35 in2
ft2/ft ao 0.622 ft2/ft
30.2065392145 ft2
0.622 ft2/ft
48.563567869 ft
changer dengan Lp = 12 ft 3 hairpin
aox Nt
ft x 0.622 ft2/ft x
ft2
139590 BTU/jam
44.784 ft2 X 61.6157973869 F
50.5870498635 BTU / jam.ft2.F
134.6 F
2.067 in x 1 ft
12 in
0.17225 ft
x 0.0296700625 ft2
4
ft2
lb/jam = 131190 lb/jam.ft2

ft2
= 0.17225 ft2 131190.40309762 lb/jam.ft2
0.2500285747 cp x 2.42
= 37347
(fig 24 kern)
x 170 0.47 Btu/lb.F

(
0.17225 ft
3.1831625317
2.067 x 27.6996914554 Btu/jam.ft2.F

)
3.5
Btu/jam.ft2.F
= 16.035319547 BTU/jam.ft2.F
1 + Rd
UC
- 1
UC
- 1
16.035319547
- 0.0623623369
Maka Rd memenuhi syarat
er pipe (anulus)
D2-D1
0.0573333333 ft
ft x 276252 lb/jam.ft2
0.6050691508 lb/ft.jam
+ 0.264
71.7003674552
0.028727958 x 7.63E+10 x 12
836000000 x 0.057333 x 3893.76
26308600298.1784 = 0.140966 ft
186630512640
276252.279219 lb/jam.ft2
62.4 lb/ft3 x 3600 det/jam
1.2297555165 ft/det
3x 1.512299 ft2/det2
64.4 ft/det2
0.070448694 ft
0.1409662328 ft + 0.070448694 ft
144 in2/ft2
13.1922914316
144
0.0916131349 lb/in2
0.0916131349 psia
na ∆Pa < 10 psia, maka HE memenuhi syarat
5 + 0,264/(Rep')^0,42
+ 0.264
83.2429840332
4x 0.006671 x (
2x 4.18E+08 x 0.17225
5511437080.16206 = 0.0
456723164095.905
0.0 x 62.4 lb/ft3

144
0.0052291839 Psia
menuhi syarat
Aliran F1 Densitas
Xi / p (kg/m3) densitas mix Viskositas (cp)
Massa (kg/jam) % (kg/m3)
1388.33 99.96% 902.00 0.001108204 0.25
0.56 0.04% 1000 0.0000004 902.035359786 0.35
1388.8888888889 100.00% 1902.00 0.001108604 0.6
Data
0C = 32 F
1 kg/jam = 2.2 lb/jam
1 kg/m3 = 0.0624 lb/ft3
L
Ft3
0.105
a 32 0.33
20 C b 68 x
68 F c 85 0.356
K= 36 x
53
K= 0.679245283 0.026
K= 0.0176603774 +
K water = 0.3477
2. LMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference)

Fluida Panas (TemperaturFluida Dingin (Selisih
183.2 Tinggi 86 97.2 ΔT2
86 Rendah 50 36 ΔT1
LMTD = 61.615797387 F
6
lb/ft.jam
Cp
x 0.250028575 cp x 2.42 lb/ft.jam

cp
0.008817113 Btu/jam.Ft.F
x 62.4 lb/ft3
131190.403097615 lb/jam.ft2 )^2 x 12 ft

x 3171.666614
xi(cp) viskositas mix
3.9984
0.001143 0.2500285747
3.999543
a 115 0.0072
b 183.2 x
c 212 0.0095
K= 68.2 x
97
K= 0.703093 0.0023
K= 0.001617 +
K= 0.0088
Tabel 4
cp water = 1
a
K  xc  d
b
0.026 + 0.33
+ 0.33
0.33
Tav tav
134.6 68
air pendingin
Outer pipe
T av 68 F
D2 = 3.068 in x 1 ft
12 in
D2 = 0.255667 ft
D1 = 2.38 in x 1 ft
12 in
D1 = 0.198333 ft
FLOW AREA :
 (D22  D12 )
aa 
4
= 3.14 x 0.065365 -
4
aa = 0.081732 = 0.020433 ft2
4
Diameter ekuivalen :
D 2 2  D12
De 
D1
= = 0.065365 - 0.039336
0.198333
= 0.13124 ft
MASS VELOCITY =
Ga = Wa = 5644.67 lb/jam 276252 lb/jam.ft2
aa 0.020433 ft2
Rea = De x Ga = 0.13124 ft x 276252

µ 0.105 cp x 2.42
)^1/3
= 36255.44 = 142682
0.2541
JH (HEAT TRANSFER FACT 340 ( fig.24 Kern)
(Kern. Hal 150)

kxjh Cpx 3
1
(koef film)
ho  ( )
De k
ho = 0.3477 Btu/jam.Ftx 340 x

0.13124 ft
ho = 900.6722 x 0.900775
ho = 811.3034 BTU/jam.Ft2.F
a
K  xc  d
b
0.0023 + 0.0072
+ 0.0072
0.0072
0.039336
lb/jam.ft2
lb/jam.ft2
l/ft.jam
cp
( 1 Btu/lb.F x 0.105 cp x 2.42 lb/ft.jam )^1/3

cp
0.34766 Btu/jam.Ft.F
CP = 0.47
Fungsi : mendingikan produk keluaran Flash Drum
Bahan Konstruksi : Carbon steel
Jenis : double pipe tergantung nilai A
1. Data
Fluida Panas isobuten Air MTBG
Laju alir massa masuk total 1388.9 kg/jam 3061.9444444445
Temperatur masuk (T1) 84 c 183.2
Temperatur keluar (T2) 35 c 95
Fluida Dingin Ciller water

Temperatur masuk (t1) 10 c 50
Temperatur keluar (t2) 30 c 86
2. LMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference)

Fluida Panas (F) Temperatur Fluida Dingin (F)Selisih
183.2 Tinggi 86 97.2
95 Rendah 50 45
T 2
LMTD  ( T 2  T 1) / ln( )
T 1
LMTD = 67.7826810952 0.7701082217
Faktor koreksi LMTD

T1  T 2
R  2.45
t 2  t1
t 2  t1
S 
T1  t1 0.2702702703
Maka dari gambar 21 D.K. QERN didapatkam faktor koreksi adalah sebagai berikut:
ft  0.96
Temperatur kalorik (Tc dan tc)

T1  T
T c  2
2
Tc = 139.1 F
t1  t 2
tc 
2
t1  t 2
tc 
2
tc = 68 F
T 2
LMTD  ( T 2  T 1) / ln( )
T 1
LMTD = 67.7826810952
3. Menentukan luas area perpindahan panas (A)
Q
A 
Ud xTLMTD
Dari tabel 8 D.Q. KERN maka didapatkan koefisien perpindahan panas sebesar:
Ud  120 Btu/jam ft^2 F
Q  129522.23 kj/jam 122764.070016309
Q 15.0928511572
A
U d xTLMTD
Karena harga A < 200 ft2 maka tipe heat exchanger yang digunakan adalah double pipe heat exchanger.
Ukuran pipa = 3 x 2 in IPS, (Kern, Tabel 11 Hal 844 (851))
Data ukuran pipa yang dipilih dari (Kern, Tabel 11 Hal 844 (851))
Anulus (in) (ft) Inner Pipe (in)

IPS 3 0.2500 2
SC 40 3.3333 40
OD (D2) 3.5 0.2917 2.38
ID (D1) 3.068 0.2557 2.067
a" 0.917 ft2/ft 0.622
Fliuda Panas : Anulus Stream
4'. Flow Area
aa = π(D22 - D12)/4
= 3.14 0.0851
4
aa = 0.01546764 ft2
Diameter ekivalen
De = (D22 - D12)/D1
= 0.0851 -
0.2557
= 0.0770691004 ft
5'. Mass Velocity
Ga = W
aa
= 3,061.94 lb/hr
0.01546764 ft2
Ga = 197,958.09 lb/ft2.hr
Pada 139.1 ◦F
μ = 0.4261 cp
= 0.4261 x
= 1.0311 lb/ft.hr
Rea = D x
μ
Rea = 0.0771 x
1.0311
Rea = 14,796.11
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D (Fig 24)
jH = 55
8'. Pada temperatur 139,1 ◦F

c = 2.8938 Btu/lb.˚F
μ = 1.0311 lb/ft.hr
k = 0.00909 Btu/hr f F
cμ ^1/3 = 6.8972771041
k
9'. ho
1
k c  3  0 , 14 (Eq.6.15b)
ho  jHx x x
De k w
ho = 44.76 Btu/hr.ft2(◦F)
UC = ho x hio
ho + hio
UC = 6149.329994497 =
182.14
UcUd =
Rd 
UcxUd
Koreksi UD
1 = 1
UD UC
= 1
33.7613762148
= 0.0296196456
= 0.0316196456
UD = 31.6259078675
Btu/hr.f2(◦F) Summary
Uc 33.7613762148
Ud 31.6259078675
Luas area perpindahan panas, A

Berdasarkan Tabel 8 - DQ Kern Hal 840, diperoleh :
UD = 31.626 Btu/jam.oF
Maka, Q
A
U D x LMTD
A= 57.268 ft2
A
L 
a"
= 92.0702132556 line f =
Dpilih panjang hair pin 15 f
maka jumlah hairpin yang dibutuhkan (n)
n = L =
2 x panjang pipa
hairpin yang digunakan sebanyak 3 buah
1'/
De' = (D2-D1)
= 0.2917
= 0.0360
Rea = De.Ga/μ
= 0.0360
Rea = 6911.461466767
f = 0.0035
f = 0.0035
f = 0.0099414638
s = 0.9
ρ = 62.5
ρ = 56.25
2'/
Δfa = 4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
Δfa = 1.5055348947
3'/
V = Ga
3600ρ
= 197,958.09
3600
V = 0.9775708063
Δft = 3
= 3
Δft = 0.0445176094
Δpa = (Δfa + Δf)ρ

144
Δpa = 0.6054892594
uaran Flash Drum
ergantung nilai A
DTBG gliserol TTBG

lb/jam
F
F
lb/jam
F
F
Tav tav
ΔT2
139.1 68
ΔT1
Btu/jam
ft2
double pipe heat exchanger. (DQ Kern Hal - 103)

abel 11 Hal 844 (851))
(ft)
0.1667
3.3333
0.1983
0.1723
ft2/ft
Fliuda Dingin : Inner Pipe Stream

4. Flow Area
ap = πD12 /4
- 0.0654 = 3.14 0.0297
4
ap = 0.023290999 ft2
(Eq. 6.3)
0.0654
5. Mass Velocity
Gp = w
ap
= 3,415.61 lb/hr
0.023290999 ft2
Gp = 146,649.21 lb/ft2.hr
Pada 68 ◦F
μ = 1.05 cp
2.42 konversi = 1.05 x
= 2.541 lb/ft.hr
Ga Rep = D x
μ
197,958.09 Rep = 0.1723 x
2.541
Rep = 9,941.10
7'. jH
Nre vs L/D (Fig 24)
jH = 39
8. Pada temperatur 68 ◦F
c = 1 Btu/lb.˚F
μ = 2.541 lb/ft.hr
k = 0.349 Btu/hr.ft2 (F/ft)
cμ ^1/3 = 1.9387928603
k
9. ho
1
k c 3  0 , 14
hi  jHx x x
D k w
hi = 158.18 Btu/hr.ft2(◦F)
10. Koreksi hi
hio = hi ID
OD
= 137.3792745 Btu/hr.ft2
(Eq.6.7)
33.76137621 Btu/hr.ft2(◦F)
0.002
+ Rd (Eq.6.10)
+ 0.002
+ 0.002
Btu/hr.ft2(◦F)
Btu/hr.f2
33.7613762148
31.6259078675
14. Actual Design
Actual surface area

A 57.224 ft2
Actual Design Coefficient
Q
U D 
DQ. Kern Pers 7.42 Hal 144 A x LMTD
= 31.650044367
UcUd
Rd 
UcxUd
92 = 2.1113318478
1068.5490551
DQ. Kern, Hal 103 = 0.0019758867
3.0690071085
Pressure Drop
1/
(Eq.6.4) Rep = 9,941.10
- 0.2557
ft f = 0.0035
f = 0.0035
x 197,958.09
1.0311 f = 0.00902944
+ 0.264 (Eq.3.47) s = 1
(Rea)^0.42 ρ = 62.5
+ 0.264 ρ = 62.5
40.98447292
densitas komponen/
x 0.9
2/
Δfp = 4.f.Ga^2.La
2gρ^2De
ft Δfp = 0.01270407
ΔPp = Δfp
ΔPp = 0.01270407
56.25 ΔPp = 0.00551392

fps
(V^2/2g)
0.955644681
64.4
ft

Konversi Satuan
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3
0.000036127 lb/in3
1m 3.28 ft
39.37 in
4.6014790113 1 atm 14.6959 psi

10332.2745 kg/m2
1.013 bar
61023.744 in3
264.172 gal
1 kg 2.2046 lb
1 cP 0.000672 lb/ft.s
2.4192 lb/ft.jam
Komponen BM Massa (Kg/jam) Mol (Kmol/jam) % Berat
etil asetat 88 1388.33 15.7765151515 0.9996
Air 18 0.56 0.0308641975 0.0004

Total 1388.89 15.807379349 1
Heat Capacity Nilai K Nilai K

Komponen xi(Cp) Cp mix
(Btu/lbF) btu/hr f F
Etil asetat 0.3453 0.34516188 8.94E-03 8.94E-03
2.8938343618
Air 1.001 0.0004004 3.89E-01 1.55E-04

Total 0.34556228 9.09E-03
sumber :hysys
Inner Pipe Stream
(Fig 14)
2.42
Gp
146,649.21
(Fig 2)
u/hr.ft2 (F/ft) (Tabel 4)
(Eq.6.15a)
u/hr.ft2(◦F)
(Eq.6.5)
Q
MTD
(Eq.6.13)
cUd
cxUd
(step 6)
+ 0.264 (Eq.3.47)
(Rep)^0.42
+ 0.264
47.7443959572
(Table 6)
x 1
ft
x ρ
144
x 62.5
144
1 kgf/m2 0.0014 psi
0.0000097 atm
1 atm 14.7 psi
1 in 25.4 mm
1 HP = 550 ft. lbf/s
1 kkal = 3.968 btu
1 W/m2˚C 0.176 Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
1 kgf/m2 0.0014 psi

0.0000097 atm
1 ft 12 in
1 Kj 0.947817 Btu
% Mol Densitas (Kg/m3) x/bm Viskositas x/μ μMix (Cp)
0.998047 902.00 0.011359091 0.426 2.346479
0.4260793581
0.001953 1000 2.222222E-05 0.7972 0.000502

1 0.011381313 2.346981
(Fig 24), hal 834 (841)
1
Bm campuran (Kg/kmol) Densitas komponen
900.238828489
87.8633237187
1.9525183049
902.1913467939
Fig 14 D.Q Kern Hal 823
1.05 visko
(Table 4), hal 800
INTERPOLASI
Suhu (oF) K
x1 32.00 0.33 y1
x 68.00 ??? y
x2 86.00 0.358 y2
y = (x - x1) * (y2 - y1) + y1

(x2 - x1)
y = 0.349
FLASH-DRUM
Fungsi : Untuk memisahkan fasa gas didalam fasa liquid
Tipe : Silinder vertikal dengan alas hemissherical

Bahan konstruksi : Carbon steel
Jumlah : 1 buah
Data:
Temperaturop 30 c 303.15 K
Tekanan operasi 1 Bar atm
Laju alir massa 2222.416 kg/jam
Densitas gas 147.606 kg/m^3 9.215058 lb/ft3
Densitas liquid 117.071 kg/m^3 7.30875 lb/ft3
Laju alir gas 8.723 kg/jam
Laju alir liguid 2213.693 kg/jam
Kecepatan maksimum gas (Vt)

ft l   g
Vt  0,3 ### ft/s
s g
### m/s
Laju alir volumetrik fasa gas (Qv)
m gas 0.059098772 m^3/jam

Q 
v
 gas
1.64163E-05 m^3/detik
Area Vessel (At)

Qv
At 
Vt #VALUE! m^2
Diameter Vessel (D)
2
 1  4A #VALUE! m
D  r 2    D  
 2   #VALUE! in TINGGI FLAS DRUM
Laju alir volumetrik fasa liquid (Ql)
mliquid 18.90895863 m^3/jam

Ql 
 liquid 0.005252489 m^3/detik
waktu tinggal, 4 menit

240 detik
Qlxt
V l  0.000875415 m^3
1440
LD
H 3

L 1
3 3
H  xL  xD
1 1
H  3 xD H #VALUE! m
Diameter (D) #VALUE! m ### in
Tekanan operasi (P) 1 atm 370.44 kPa
Allowable stress (S) 13700 psi 93197.28 kPa
Join Effisiensi (E) 0.85
Corrosion Allowence (C) 0.015 in/tahun
Corrosion Allowence (C) untuk 10 tahun 0.15 in
Jari-jari (R) #VALUE! m ### in
Volume Vessel
Vv  0,25 xxD2 xH #VALUE! m^3
Volume ellipsoidal
He 
1
Dt #VALUE! m
2
Vellipsoidal  HexDt 2 #VALUE! m^3
Tebal Vessel
tv 
PR
C #VALUE! in
( SE )  (0,6 xP) #VALUE! m
#VALUE! mm
Tebal Ellipsoidal (t)
PD
t C #VALUE! in
2 SE  0,2 P
#VALUE! m
#VALUE! mm
DRUM
T= 70.5391 C konversi
P= 750.0620 mmhg 1
1
Aliran Masuk
Komponen
Massa (kg/jam) massa (lb/s) fraksi massa
C4H8 8.74 0.005 0.00393

H2O 5.03 0.003 0.00226
C7H16O3 104.73 0.064 0.04712
C11H24O3 1494.87 0.916 0.67263
C3H803 70.00 0.043 0.03150
C15H32O3 539.06 0.330 0.24255
TOTAL 2222.42 1.36 1.00
T= 84.7600 C
P= 750.0620 mmhg
Aliran liquid Keluar
Komponen
massa (lb/s) fraksi massa
Massa (kg/jam)
C4H8 0.0204 0.0000 0.0000

H2O 5.0204 0.0031 0.0023
C7H16O3 104.7261 0.0642 0.0473
C11H24O3 1494.8699 0.9158 0.6753
kPA C3H803 70.0000 0.0429 0.0316
C15H32O3 539.0563 0.3302 0.2435
TOTAL 2213.69 1.36 1.00

1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3
FLAS DRUM ###
53.72667 psi
konversi T= 60.25
KG = 2.2054 LB P= 750.062
jam = 3600 s
Densitas Aliran Gas Keluar
pada T Xi / p (kg/m3) densitas mix Komponen
(kg/m3) Massa (kg/jam)
180.49 0.000022 C4H8 8.7

150.32 0.000015 H2O 0.0
127.14 0.000371 C7H16O3 0.0
116.92 0.005753 C11H24O3 0.0
114.4512
109.53 0.000288 C3H803 0.0
104.37 0.002324 C15H32O3 0.0
0.00877186 TOTAL 8.72
Feed A.B^-(1-T/Tc
fraksi massa
UMPAAN A
C4H8 0.0039322259 0.23181
Densitas
(kg/m3)
Xi / p (kg/m3) densitas mix
H2O 0.0022611089 0.3471
C7H16O3 0.0471226209 0.2548
199.5097 0.0000 C11H24O3 0.6726326576 0.28703
154.2518 0.0000 C3H803 0.0314972473 0.34908
132.3314 0.0000 C15H32O3 0.2425541393 0.26756
119.9470 0.0001 C19H36O2 0.27971
117.0711
110.9627 0.0000 TOTAL
106.5751
A.B^-(1-T/Tc
cairan fraksi massa
A
0.0001 C4H8 9.220426E-06 0.23181
H2O 0.0022678913 0.3471
C7H16O3 0.0473083123 0.2548
C11H24O3 0.675283254 0.28703
C3H803 0.0316213662 0.34908
C15H32O3 0.2435099557 0.26756
C19H36O2 0.27971
TOTAL
A.B^-(1-T/Tc
cairan fraksi massa
A
C4H8 0.9994593787 0.3471
H2O 0.0005399618 0.2548
C7H16O3 3.771973E-07 0.28703
C11H24O3 0.000000234 0.34908
C3H803 3.922125E-08 0.26756
C15H32O3 9.099152E-09 0.27971
C19H36O2 0
TOTAL
C
mmhg
Aliran Gas Keluar

Densitas
massa fraksi (kg/m3)
Xi / p (kg/m3) densitas mix
(lb/s) massa
0.00534 1.0 147.6192 0.0001

0.00000 0.0 123.6546 0.0000
0.00000 0.0 114.8311 0.0000
0.00000 0.0 108.5347 0.0000
147.6063
0.00000 0.0 102.8394 0.0000
0.00000 0.0 115.4920
0.01 1.00 0.0001
A.B^-(1-T/Tc)^n CARL YAWS DENSITAS

B n Tc T (1-T/Tc)^n g/ml.K kg/m3
0.2666 0.27964 417 343.69 0.6150081015 0.180 180.489
0.274 0.28571 647.13 343.69 0.8054247903 0.150 150.322

0.261 0.28571 558.21 343.69 0.7609158295 0.127 127.139
0.2553 0.28571 690 343.69 0.8212271375 0.117 116.920
0.24902 0.1541 723 343.69 0.9053780521 0.110 109.531
0.26111 0.28571 788.66 343.69 0.8491500254 0.104 104.374
0.2624 0.33247 764
0.78877471 788.774709951

0.2666 0.27964 417 357.91 0.5790170145 0.1995096827 199.5096827235
0.274 0.28571 647.13 357.91 0.7944547258 0.1542518117 154.2518117444
0.261 0.28571 558.21 357.91 0.7461492696 0.13233139 132.3313899956
0.2553 0.28571 690 357.91 0.8114474884 0.1199469846 119.9469846278
0.24902 0.1541 723 357.91 0.9000623985 0.1109627168 110.9627168402
0.26111 0.28571 788.66 357.91 0.8413062546 0.1065751201 106.5751200907
0.2624 0.33247 764
0.823577706 823.5777060222

0.274 0.28571 647.13 333.4 0.813134968 0.1476192175 147.6192174878
0.261 0.28571 558.21 333.4 0.7711692369 0.1236546259 123.6546259038
0.2553 0.28571 690 333.4 0.8281254977 0.1148310746 114.8310745998
0.24902 0.1541 723 333.4 0.9091199084 0.1085346738 108.5346738365
0.26111 0.28571 788.66 333.4 0.8547142234 0.1028393918 102.8393917983
0.2624 0.33247 764 333.4 0.8264346971 0.1154919828 115.4919827878
0 0 0
0.7129709664 712.9709664139
Densitas*fr massa
kg/m3 gr/mL
0.709723096 0.000709723
0.339893299 0.000339893
5.991143297 0.005991143
78.64428496 0.078644285
3.449932677 0.003449933
25.31623051 0.025316231
114.4512078 0.114451208
Densitas*fr massa
kg/m3 gr/mL
0.001839564 1.83956E-06
0.349826347 0.000349826
6.260374726 0.006260375
80.99819009 0.08099819
3.508792707 0.003508793
25.95210277 0.025952103
117.0711262 0.117071126
Densitas*fr massa
kg/m3 gr/mL
147.5394114 0.147539411
0.066768772 6.67688E-05
0.000043314 4.3314E-08
2.539219E-05 2.53922E-08
4.033489E-06 0.000000004
1.050879E-06 1.05088E-09
147.606254 0.147606254
7. Fixed Bed Reactor
Fungsi =
Tipe = Silinder vertikal dengan alas ellipsoidal
Bahan konstruksi = stainless steel SA 240 Grade 304
Jumlah = 1 unit
Sifat bahan =
Fasa = Cair
Parameter M (kg/jam) ρ (kg/m3)

gliserol 1000.000 1260
ib 1217.391 510
water 5.025 1000
TOTAL 2222.416 2770.000
Laju alir = #REF!

Volumetrik = #REF!
Viskositas = #REF!
Densitas = #REF!
Temperatur = 100.08
Tekanan = 1
Kapasitas Reaktor (Vr)
τ= 1 jam
60 menit
Vr = #REF! m3/jam
Faktor Keamanan 10 %
maka volume cairan, Vc
Vc = 0,9 x Vt
Vc = #REF!
Volume silinder
Hs = 1,5Dt

Vs  x D t2 x H s
4
1,5
Vs  x D t3
4

Vs  x D t2 x H s
4
1,5
Vs  x D t3
4
Diameter Tangki
Dt3 = #REF! m3
Dt = #REF! m
Dt = #REF! in
Tinggi Tangki
Hs = 1,5Dt
Hs = #REF! m
Tinggi ellipsoidal
He = 1/4 Dt
He = #REF! m
Tinggi Cairan (Hc)
Hc = #REF! m
#REF! in
Tekanan Cairan, Pc
Pc = #REF! kg/m dt^2

Pc = #REF! atm
Tekanan Disain, Pd
Pd   op   c
Pd = #REF!
Tebal Dindding Tangki
PR
td  C (Walas, Tabel 18.3)
SE  0,6 P
td = #REF!
td = #REF!
td = #REF!
td = #REF!
Tinggi Bed (Hb) = 80 % Hs

Hb = #REF! m
D bed = Dt
D bed = #REF! m
V bed #REF! m3
asumsi diameter katalis = diameter bed

ρ=m/v m= ρ×v
m = #REF! kg
15
PR
td  C
SE  0,6 P
dengan alas ellipsoidal
240 Grade 304
V (m3/jam) u (cP) %
0.794 1.04270412 #REF!
2.387 1.2 #REF!
3.181 2.243 #REF!
kg/jam #REF! lb/jam

m3/jam #REF! ft3/s
cP #REF! lb/ft.s
kg/m3 #REF! lb/ft3
o
C 212.144 F
atm
τ = waktu pengumpanan + waktu reaksi + waktu pengeluaran
m3/jam
Volume ellipsoidal
He = 1/4 Dt

Ve  x Dt x H e
2
6

Ve  x D t2 x H e
6

Ve  3
x Dt
24
V t  V s  2V e
 1,5   
Vt   x D t3   2 x D t3 
 4   24 
12V t
D t3 
5,5
Tinggi tangki total

Ht = Hs + He
Ht = #REF! m
Vc ( H s  2 H e )
Hc 
Vr
Pd = #REF! psi
R= #REF! in
S = 16205.32 Psi (Walas, Tabel 18.4)
E= 0.85 (Peter, Tabel 4, Hal 538)
C= 0.002 in/y (Perry's Tabel 23-2)
atm #REF! Psi
Tebal Dinding Ellipsoidal
PD t
te   (Walas,
C Tabel 18.3)
2 SE  0 , 2 P
in
m te = #REF! in
ft te = #REF! m
mm te = #REF! ft
te = #REF! mm
ρ = 1.012 kg/m3
#REF!
#REF! gram
Konversi Satuan
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3 1 kgf/m2 0.0014
0.000036127 lb/in3 0.0000097
1m 3.28 ft 1 atm 14.7

39.37 in
1 in 25.4
1 atm 14.6959 psi
10332.2745 kg/m2 1 HP = 550
1.013 bar
1 kkal = 3.968
1 m3 35.314 ft3
61023.744 in3 1 W/m2˚C 0.176
264.172 gal
1 kg 2.2046 lb
1 cP 0.000672 lb/ft.s
Konversi satuan
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3 1 cP 2.419
0.000036127 lb/in3 0.00067
1m 3.28 ft 1 in 25.4
39.37 in
1 kkal = 3.968
1 atm 14.6959 psi
10332.2745 kg/m2 1 W/m2˚C 0.176
1.013 bar
1C 33.8
1 m3 35.314 ft3
61023.744 in3 1 kg/m s2 0.0000097
264.172 gal 0.0014
1 kg 2.2046 lb
1 cP 0.000672 lb/ft.s
1 m2 = 10.76 ft2
1550 in2
a -20 18700
a
b 212.144 x S xc  d
c 650 11500 b
S= 232.144 x -7200 + 18700
670
S= 0.346484 -7200 + 18700
S= -2494.682 + 18700
S= 16205.32 Psi
(Walas, Tabel 18.3) a -20 18700

a
b 392 x S  xc  d
c 650 11500 b
S= 412 x -7200 +
670
360 S= 0.6149253731 -7200 + 18700
392 S= -4427.4626866 + 18700
S= 14272.537313 Psi
psi
atm
psi
mm
ft. lbf/s
btu
Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
lb/ft.hr
lb/ft.s
mm
btu
Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
F
atm
psi
a
xc  d
b
18700
Ekstract
EKS -01 Decanter -01
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol isobuten
TTBG Air
metil oleat MTBG
total DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
metil oleat
total
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
Decanter -01 gliserol
TTBG
metil oleat
total
Kapasitas Produksi
20000 ton/tahun 1 ton 1000 kg
Pabrik
Kapasitas Produksi
2525.252525 kg/h 1thn 7920 h
Pabrik
Fatty Acid Komposisi BM Bm Campuran

A. Laurat 0.03 200.32 6.0096
A. Palmitat 0.04 256.43 10.2572
A. Oleat 0.52 282.46 146.8792 27937.98
A. Stearat 0.31 284.48 88.1888
A. Linoleat 0.1 280.45 28.045
Total 1 279.38
Fatty Nitril
NM Reaktor A. Laurat
konversi X 0.93 A. Palmitat
A. Oleat
RCOOH 2558.440 Kg/h Reaktor Nitrilasi A. Stearat
A. Laurat 0.03 X= 93% A. Linoleat
A. Palmitat 0.04 Amoniak
A. Oleat 0.52 Air
A. Stearat 0.31 NH3 157.38 kg/h Lauratnitrile
A. Linoleat 0.1 Amoniak 0.995 Palmitatnitrile
1 Air 0.005 Oleonitrile
Stearylnitrile
Linoleilnitrile
Komponen Laju Alir Massa (kg/h)

Laju alir Mol(kmol/h)
A. Laurat 76.7532 0.38315
A. Palmitat 102.3376 0.39909 komponen Fraksi Komp
Laju Alir Massa (kg/h)
A. Oleat 1330.3888 4.71001 Amoniak 0.995 156.59
A. Stearat 793.1164 2.78795 Air 0.005 0.79
A. Linoleat 255.8440 0.91226 Total 1 157.38
2558.4400 9.19246
A. Laurat + NH3 = Lauratnitrile +

m 0.3832 0.3832 -
b 0.3563 0.3563 0.3563
s 0.0268 0.0268 0.3563
A. Palmitat + NH3 = Palmitatnitrile +

m 0.3991 0.3991 -
b 0.3711 0.3711 0.3711
s 0.0279 0.0279 0.3711
A. Oleat + NH3 = Oleonitrile +

m 4.71001 4.71001 -
b 4.38031 4.38031 4.38031
s 0.32970 0.32970 4.38031
A. Stearat + NH3 = Stearylnitrile +

m 2.7880 2.7880 -
b 2.5928 2.5928 2.5928
s 0.1952 0.1952 2.5928
A. Linoleat + NH3 = Linoleilnitrile +

m 0.9123 0.9123 -
b 0.8484 0.8484 0.8484
s 0.0639 0.0639 0.8484
Fatty Acid Total 9.19246 Air dalam amoniak (masuk)

0.04619 Air Keluar Amoniak
Amoniak Total 9.19246 Amoniak Keluar total 0.64347
Masuk
Komponen BM (kg/kmol)
kMol Massa % kMol
A. Laurat 200.32 0.383 76.753 3.000 -
A. Palmitat 256.43 0.399 102.338 4.000 -
A. Oleat 282.46 4.710 1330.389 52.000 -
A. Stearat 284.48 2.788 793.116 31.000 -
A. Linoleat 280.45 0.912 255.844 10.000 -
Amoniak 17.03 - - 9.192
Air 18.02 - - 0.046
Lauratnitrile 181.32 - - -
Palmitatnitrile 237.42 - - -
Oleonitrile 263.5 - - -
Stearylnitrile 265.5 - - -
Linoleilnitrile 261.5 - - -
Total 9.192 2558.440 100.000
Total 2715.820
Masuk
Komponen BM (kg/kmol)
mol (kmol) Massa (kg/h) mol (kmol) Massa (kg/h)
A. Laurat 200.32 0.383 76.753 - -
A. Palmitat 256.43 0.399 102.338 - -
A. Oleat 282.46 4.710 1330.389 - -
A. Stearat 284.48 2.788 793.116 - -
A. Linoleat 280.45 0.912 255.844 - -
Amoniak 17.03 - - 9.192 156.548
Air 18.02 - - 0.046 0.832
Lauratnitrile 181.32 - - - -
Palmitatnitrile 237.42 - - - -
Oleonitrile 263.5 - - - -
Stearylnitrile 265.5 - - - -
Linoleilnitrile 261.5 - - - -
Total 9.192 2558.440 9.239 157.380
Total 2716
BM ton/tonmol
Fatty Acid 279.38
Amoniak 17.03
Fatty Nitril 259.91
H20 18.02
Fatty Amine 262.2855
H2 2
Lauratnitrile 181.32
2716.2 kg/h Palmitatnitrile 237.42
0.20 Oleonitrile 263.5
0.26 Stearylnitrile 265.5
3.43 Linoleilnitrile 261.5
2.04 Air 18
0.66 Luaratlamine 185.35
0.40 Palmitalamine 241.4
11.37 0.6318901517 Oleylamine 267.49
2.38 Stearlamine 269.52
3 Linolamine 265.5
42.49
25.34
8.17
100
Laju alir Mol(kmol/h)

9.20
0.04
9.24
2H2O
-
0.7127 0.0019
0.7127
2H2O
-
0.7423 0.0020
0.7423
2H2O
-
8.76061 0.02367
8.76061
2H2O
-
5.1856 0.0140
5.1856
2H2O
-
1.6968 0.0046
1.6968
17.1442 16.3556766242897
k Keluar
Massa % kMol Massa %
0.027 5.373 0.198
0.028 7.164 0.264
0.330 93.127 3.429
0.195 55.518 2.044
0.064 17.909 0.659
156.548 99.471 0.643 10.958 0.403
0.832 0.529 17.144 308.938 11.374
0.356 64.610 2.379
0.371 88.118 3.244
4.380 1154.211 42.494 1
2.593 688.387 25.344 2
0.848 221.858 8.168 3
157.380 100.000 26.980 2716.171 100.000 4
20 2716.171 5
-0.351 6
Keluar 7
mol (kmol) Massa (kg/h) 8
0.027 5.373 9
0.028 7.164 10
0.330 93.127 11
0.195 55.518 12
0.064 17.909
0.643 10.958
17.144 308.938
0.356 64.610
0.371 88.118
4.380 1154.211
2.593 688.387
0.848 221.858
3166
3166
Amoniak 169.9922
Air
Flas Drum
Fatty Nitril 2716.2 kg/h Tdidih

Amoniak 0.40 -33.35
Air 11.37 100
Lauratnitrile 2.38 277
A. Laurat 0.20 298.9
Palmitatnitrile 3.24 333
A. Palmitat 0.26 351.5
A. Oleat 3.43 360
Stearylnitrile 25.34 362
Linoleilnitrile 8.17 364
A. Linoleat 0.66 365.2
A. Stearat 2.04 371
Oleonitrile 42.49 385
100.00
Feed
L.A.Molar
Komponen L.A.Massa Kom (kg/h)
(kmol/h)
Amoniak 10.96 0.4
Air 308.94 11.4
Lauratnitrile 64.61 2.4
A. Laurat 5.37 0.2
Palmitatnitrile 88.12 3.2
A. Oleat 93.13 3.4
Stearylnitrile 688.39 25.3
Linoleilnitrile 221.86 8.2
A. Stearat 55.52 2.0
Oleonitrile 1154.21 42.5
2716.17 100
Atoine Constanta
Komponen a b c
Amoniak 7.58743 1013.78150 248.83000
Air 8.07131 1730.63 233.426
Lauratnitrile 7.25091 1883.87 154.081
A. Laurat 7.70218 2158.17 148.926
Palmitatnitrile 7.33475 2042.14 144.954
A. Palmitat 8.5826 3341.95 235.116
A.Oleat 8.0641 2729.09 166.667
Stearnitrile 7.31707 2229.94 140.663
Linontirile 7.61 2483.32 168.19
A.linoleat 7.84215 2664.8969 173.97
A.Stearat 7.86912 2572.31 153.77
Oleynitrile 5.92991 1724.1799 140.47
H2 6.14858 80.948 277.53
dew
T 120 C
P 760 mmhg
Amoniak 10.74 7.5874 1013.7815 248.8300
Air 158.90 8.0713 1730.6300 233.4260
Lauratnitrile 0.11 7.2509 1883.8700 154.0810
A. Laurat 0.00 7.7022 2158.1700 148.9260
Palmitatnitrile 0.03 7.3348 2042.1400 144.9540
A. Palmitat 0.00 8.5826 3341.9500 235.1160
A.Oleat 0.00 8.0641 2729.0900 166.6670
Stearnitrile 0.03 7.3171 2229.9400 140.6630
Linontirile 0.02 7.6099 2483.3200 168.1900
A.linoleat 0.00 7.8422 2664.8969 173.9700
A.Stearat 0.00 7.8691 2572.3100 153.7700
Oleynitrile 0.17 5.9299 1724.1799 140.4700
Sub Total 169.99
Masuk
Komponen BM
Mol Massa %
Amoniak 17.03 0.64 11 0.4
Air 18.02 17.14 309 11.4
Lauratnitrile 181.32 0.36 65 2.4
A. Laurat 200.32 0.03 5 0.2
Palmitatnitrile 237.42 0.37 88 3.2
A. Palmitat 256.43 0.03 7 0.3
A.Oleat 282.46 0.33 93 3.4
Stearnitrile 265.5 2.59 688 25.3
Linontirile 261.5 0.85 222 8.2
A.linoleat 280.45 0.06 18 0.7
A.Stearat 284.48 0.20 56 2.0
Oleynitrile 263.5 4.38 1154 42.5
Sub Total 26.98 2716 100.0
Total 81.3322943833 2716.2
m
Fatty Nitril 2546.179 Tdidih

Amoniak 0.0001 -33.35
Air 0.0589 100
Lauratnitrile 0.0253 277
A. Laurat 0.0021 298.9
Palmitatnitrile 0.0346 333
A. Palmitat 0.0028 351.5
A. Oleat 0.0366 360
Stearylnitrile 0.2703 362
Linoleilnitrile 0.0871 364
A. Linoleat 0.0070 365.2
A. Stearat 0.0218 371
Oleonitrile 0.4532 385
1.00
Top
Laju alir massa
Komponen Fraksi TITIK DIDIH
komponen
Amoniak 10.74 6.317 -33.35
Air 158.90 93 100
Lauratnitrile 0.11 0 277
A. Laurat 0.00 0 298.9
Palmitatnitrile 0.03 0 333
A. Palmitat 0.00 0 351.5
A. Oleat 0.00 0 360
Stearylnitrile 0.03 0 362
Linoleilnitrile 0.02 0 364
A. Linoleat 0.00 0 365.2
A. Stearat 0.00 0 371
Oleonitrile 0.17 0 385
169.99 100
2716.17
komponen kmol Zi log Pi Pi (mmHg)

Amoniak 0.64 0.02 4.839 68990.350
Air 17.14 0.64 3.175 1494.806
Lauratnitrile 0.36 0.01 0.378 2.385
A. Laurat 0.03 0.00 -0.323 0.475
Palmitatnitrile 0.37 0.01 -0.373 0.424
A. Palmitat 0.03 0.00 -0.828 0.149
A.Oleat 0.33 0.01 -1.456 0.035
Stearnitrile 2.59 0.10 -1.238 0.058
Linontirile 0.85 0.03 -1.007 0.098
A.linoleat 0.06 0.00 -1.223 0.060
A.Stearat 0.20 0.01 -1.527 0.030
Oleynitrile 4.38 0.16 -0.690 0.204
Sub Total 26.98
Total 26.980
lm P P Ki Y Kmol XD= YD /Ki

4.8388 68990.3502 90.7768 0.0667 0.0007
3.1746 1494.8059 1.9668 0.9331 0.4744
0.3775 2.3851 0.0031 0.0001 0.0203
-0.3230 0.4754 0.0006 0.0000 0.0015
-0.3728 0.4239 0.0006 0.0000 0.0211
-0.8283 0.1485 0.0002 0.0000 0.0016
-1.4560 0.0350 0.0000 0.0000 0.0188
-1.2378 0.0578 0.0001 0.0000 0.1477
-1.0071 0.0984 0.0001 0.0000 0.0483
-1.2231 0.0598 0.0001 0.0000 0.0036
-1.5268 0.0297 0.0000 0.0000 0.0111
-0.6896 0.2044 0.0003 0.0001 0.2496
1.0000 0.9988
Keluar
Mol Massa % Mol Massa
0.6 10.7 6.3 0.0 0.220
8.8 158.9 93.5 8.3 150.037
0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 64.501
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.371
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 88.092
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.163
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 93.125
0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 688.359
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 221.842
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 17.908
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 55.517
0.0 0.2 0.1 4.4 1154.044
9.5 170.0 100.0 17.5 2546.179
2716.2
Fatty Nitril = Amoniak
2716.2 = 169.9922
= 2546.18
Bottom
Laju alir massa
Komponen Fraksi
komponen
Amoniak 0.22 0.01
Air 150.04 5.89
A. Laurat 5.37 0.21
A. Oleat 93.12 3.66
Stearylnitrile 688.36 27.03
Linoleilnitrile 221.84 8.71
A. Stearat 55.52 2.18
Oleonitrile 1154.04 45.32
2546.18 100.00
Ki (Pi/Pop) Yi Xi Top (Kmol)

90.7768 0.067 0.0007 0.6306
1.9668 0.934 0.475 8.8180
0.0031 0.000 0.020 0.0006
0.0006 0.000 0.002 0.0000
0.0006 0.000 0.021 0.0001
0.0002 0.000 0.002 0.0000
0.0000 0.000 0.019 0.0000
0.0001 0.000 0.148 0.0001
0.0001 0.000 0.048 0.0001
0.0001 0.000 0.004 0.0000
0.0000 0.000 0.011 0.0000
0.0003 0.000 0.250 0.0006
1.001 1.000 9.4501
26.98
bubble
T 120 dianggap suhunya
P 760 mmhg
Komponen Massa A
Amoniak 0.22 7.5874
Air 150.04 8.0713
A. Laurat 5.37 7.7022
A. Palmitat 7.16 8.5826
A.Oleat 93.12 8.0641
Stearnitrile 688.36 7.3171
Linontirile 221.84 7.6099
A.linoleat 17.91 7.8422
A.Stearat 55.52 7.8691
Oleynitrile 1154.04 5.9299
Total 2546.18
%
0.009 8.62841027569476E-05
5.893 0.0589264878
2.533 0.0253325336
0.211 0.0021094019
3.460 0.0345977057
0.281 0.0028131872
3.657 0.0365743746
27.035 0.2703497217
8.713 0.0871274933
0.703 0.0070334098
2.180 0.0218040354
45.325 0.4532453647
100.000 1
Fatty Nitril
Konversi
1 atm =
1 atm =
1 pa =
P 1 atm
T 120 C
V/F 0.35
Botom (Kmol) Yi- Xi TITIK DIDIH Komponen BM

0.013 0.066 -33.35 Amoniak 17.03
8.326 0.459 100 H20 18.02
0.356 -0.020 277 Lauratnitrile 181.32
0.027 -0.002 298.9 A. Laurat 200.32
0.371 -0.021 333 Palmitatnitrile 237.42
0.028 -0.002 351.5 A. Palmitat 256.43
0.330 -0.019 360 A. Oleat 282.46
2.593 -0.148 362 Stearat nitirle 265.5
0.848 -0.048 364 Linonitrile 261.5
0.063 -0.004 365.2 A.linolat 282.46
0.195 -0.011 371 A.Steaart 284.48
4.380 -0.250 385 Oleynitrile 263.5
17.53 0.001
26.98
265
B C lm P P Ki Xb kmol
1013.7815 248.8300 4.8388 68990.3502 90.7768 0.0007
1730.6300 233.4260 3.1746 1494.8059 1.9668 0.4750
1883.8700 154.0810 0.3775 2.3851 0.0031 0.0203
2158.1700 148.9260 -0.3230 0.4754 0.0006 0.0015
2042.1400 144.9540 -0.3728 0.4239 0.0006 0.0212
3341.9500 235.1160 -0.8283 0.1485 0.0002 0.0016
2729.0900 166.6670 -1.4560 0.0350 0.0000 0.0188
2229.9400 140.6630 -1.2378 0.0578 0.0001 0.1479
2483.3200 168.1900 -1.0071 0.0984 0.0001 0.0484
2664.8969 173.9700 -1.2231 0.0598 0.0001 0.0036
2572.3100 153.7700 -1.5268 0.0297 0.0000 0.0111
1724.1799 140.4700 -0.6896 0.2044 0.0003 0.2498
1.0000
Komponen
LK isobuten
HK Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Total
T umpan
P umpan
Komponen
isobuten
LK Air
HK MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
101325 Pa Total
760 mmHg
0.007501 mmHg
= 760 mmHg
ά=
Heavy Key (HK)

(air)D
(air)B
Light Key (LK)
(isobutene)D
(isobutene))B
YB=Ki*X
0.0668
0.9342
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001 Persamaan VAN WINKLE P-345
1.0012 LOG
Persamaan menjadi =
log =
log =
log =
log =
log =
log =
Kondisi Top Dew Point

T
P
Komponen
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Kondisi Bottom
T
P
Komponen
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Komponen
isobuten
Air
MTBG
DTBG
gliserol
TTBG
Total
Laju Alir Massa (kg/h) T didih BM kmol
8.7390434783 -6.3 56 0.1561
5.0251256281 100 18 0.2792
104.7260869565 253 148 0.7076
1494.8698695652 254.6 204 7.3278
70 289 92 0.7609
539.0563043478 295 260 2.0733
10711.4310977401 55.2531
-35.78 T 237.22 K
760.00 mmhg 1.00 atm
Tididi Xi A B
-6.3 0.014 8.998 1001.768
100 0.025 8.006 1923.643
253 0.063 7.109 2530.022
254.6 0.648 9.452 1631.195
289 0.067 7.908 3821.360
295 0.183 6.367 4040.690
1.000
Penentuan Distribusi Masing-masing Komponen :
Kf Dimana
Khk Kf = tiap komponen feed
Khk = Ki tiap komponen heavy key
Diinginkan distribusi komponen kunci =

0.01 X 0.28 =
0.99 X 0.28 =
LOG (air)D = 0.01
(air)B
= -2.00
Diinginkan distribusi komponen kunci =

0.99 X 0.16 =
0.01 X 0.16 =
LOG (isobutene)D = 99.00

(isobutene))B = 2.00
Komponen Ki άi = (Ki/Khk) Log άi

isobuten 15577.06 455274.53 5.66
Air 0.03 1.00 0.00
MTBG 0.00 0.00 -4.48
DTBG 0.00 0.00 -5.84
gliserol 0.00 0.00 -5.28
TTBG 0.00 0.00 -6.80
Total 15577.09
WINKLE P-345
ά= m (log id/ib) + b
dimana :
m = (log άi)lk -
(log id/ib)lk -
m = 5.658 -
1.996 -
m = 1.42
b = (log άi)lk -
b = 0.00 -
b = -2.83
Log (id/ib)i= (log άi - b )

m
Log (id/ib)lk= log άi (lk) -
1.42
(air)D 0.00 -
=
(air)B 1.42
(air)D = 99.00
(air)B
(air)B = 0.28
99.00 +
(air)D = 0.28 -
(isobutene)D 5.66 -
=
(isobutene))B 1.42
(isobutene)D = 970299.00
(isobutene))B
(isobutene))B = 0.16
970299.00 +
(isobutene)D = 0.16 -
mtbg D -4.48 -
=
mtbg B 1.42
mtbg D = 0.0690164555
mtbg B
mtbg B = 0.71
0.0690164555 +
mtbg D = 0.71 -
dtbg D -5.84 -
=
dtbg B 1.42
dtbg D = 0.01
dtbg B
dtbg B = 7.33
0.01 +
dtbg D = 7.33 -
gliserol D -5.28 -
=
gliserol B 1.42
gliserol D = 0.02
gliserol B
gliserol B = 0.76
0.02 +
gliserol D = 0.76 -
ttbg D -6.80 -
=
ttbg B 1.42
ttbg D = 0.00
ttbg B
ttbg B = 2.07
0.00 +
ttbg D = 2.07 -
Destilat (Light Key)

101.00
760.00
Tididi Massa (kg/h) N kmol Yi

-6.3 8.74 0.05 0.1389597694
100 4.97 0.16 0.4746823548
253 6.76 0.05 0.1671315722
254.6 11.21 0.05 0.1671315722
289 1.28 0.01 0.0422066845
295 0.85 0.00 0.0098880468
33.81 0.33 1.00
Bottom
110.00
760.00
Tididi Massa (kg/h) N kmol Xi

-6.3 0.00 0.66 0.0615480704
100 0.05 0.00 0.000000015
253 97.96 0.00 0.0002595853
254.6 1483.66 7.27 0.6762545347
289 68.72 0.75 0.069458073
295 538.21 2.07 0.1924797216
2188.61 10.75 1.00
Keluar
Masuk (F9)
BM TOP
kg/jam mol Kg/jam
#REF! 8.7390434783 0.05 8.74
56 5.0251256281 0.16 4.97
18 104.7260869565 0.05 6.76
148 1494.8698695652 0.05 11.21
204 70 0.01 1.28
92 539.0563043478 0.00 0.85
33.81
2222.4 2222.4
Xi Komponen A B
0.0028 isobuten 8.9984 1001.7682
0.0051 Air 8.00573 1923.6425
0.0128 MTBG 7.1089 2530.022
0.1326 DTBG 9.45152 1631.195
0.0138 gliserol 7.90788 3821.36
0.0375 TTBG 6.36666 4040.69
1.0000
C Ln Pi sat P sat Ki=Pi/Poperasi Yi=Xi x Ki

448.292 6.570 3714611.624 4887.647 67.470
221.080 -2.376 0.004 0.000 0.000
178.119 -10.666 0.000 0.000 0.000
46.988 -136.149 0.000 0.000 0.000
253.806 -9.620 0.000 0.000 0.000
273.010 -10.666 0.000 0.000 0.000
67.470
99.00 %
0.00 kmol 0.05 kg
0.28 kmol 4.97 kg
total 5.03 kg
Log
99.00 %
0.15 kmol 8.65 kg
0.00 kmol 0.09 kg
total 8.74 kg
Log
Log id/ib id/ib

1.996 99.000 LK
-1.996 0.010 HV
(log άi)hk
(log id/ib)hk
0.000
-1.996
m (log id/ib)lk
2.83
-2.83
-2.83 = 2.00
8 0.00 kmol 0.05

1.00
0.00 = 0.28 kmol 4.97

5.03
-2.83 = 5.99
6 0.00 kmol 0.00

1.00
0.00 = 0.16 kmol 8.74

8.74
-2.83 = -1.16
1 0.66 kmol 97.96

1.00
0.66 = 0.05 kmol 6.76

104.73
-2.83 = -2.12
3 7.27 kmol 1483.66

1.00
7.27 = 0.05 kmol 11.21

1494.87
-2.83 = -1.73
6 0.75 kmol 68.72

1.00
0.75 = 0.01 kmol 1.28

70.00
-2.83 = -2.80
7 2.07 kmol 538.21

1.00
2.07 = 0.00 kmol 0.85

539.06
A B C Ln Pi sat P sat
8.998 1001.768 448.292 7.17 14950496.52
8.006 1923.643 221.080 2.03 107.94
7.109 2530.022 178.119 -1.96 0.01
9.452 1631.195 46.988 -1.57 0.03
7.908 3821.360 253.806 -2.86 0.00
6.367 4040.690 273.010 -4.44 0.00
A B C Ln Pi sat P sat
8.998 1001.768 448.292 7.20 15997623.20
8.006 1923.643 221.080 2.20 156.86
7.109 2530.022 178.119 -1.67 0.02
9.452 1631.195 46.988 -0.94 0.12
7.908 3821.360 253.806 -2.60 0.00
6.367 4040.690 273.010 -4.18 0.00
Keluar
Bottom
Mol Kg/jam
0.66 0.00
0.00 0.05
0.00 97.96
7.27 1483.66
0.75 68.72
2.07 538.21
2188.61
2222.4
C
448.292
221.08
178.119
46.988
253.806
273.01
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
Ki=Pi/Poperasi Yi=Xi x Ki
19671.706 2733.576
0.142 0.067
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
2733.64
Ki=Pi/Poperasi Yi=Xi x Ki
21049.504 1295.556
0.206 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
1295.56
Perhitungan KAPASITAS
kapsitas regresi 150000

50% 75000
konversi 93%
Ikatan Energi
Bahan BM koef Ikatan
C 12 gliserol C3H803 92 1 (kj/mol)
H 1 isobuten C4H8 56 1 H-H 436
O 16 MTBG C7H16O3 148 1 H–C 415
DTBG C11H24O3 204 1 H-N 390
TTBG C15H32O3 260 1 H–F 569
H–Cl 432
H–Br 370
C–C 345
C=C 611
C–Br 275
CºC 837
O-H 464
Sumber : Bredy, 1999, Lamp. C. hlm.
36
Material Harga (USD)/ton KATALIS
Bahan Baku
Glycerol 700
Isobuthan
e 1,300
Nama Produk
GTBE 960-1.900
tn/th
tn/th
CARA 1
Ikatan Energi
Ikatan reaksi 1 pemutusan ikatan Pembentukam ikatan
(kj/mol) 5 C-H 2075 8 C-H 3320 14
C–O 350 3 O-H 1392 1 C=C 611 3
C=O 741 3 C-O 1050 2 C-C 690 2
C-Cl 330 2 C-C 1222 5
NºN 946 total 10360 -9513
O=O 498 reaksi 2
F–F 160 14 C-H 5810 8 C-H 3320 8
Cl–Cl 243 3 C-O 1050 1 C=C 611 23
I–I 150 2 0-H 928 2 C-C 690 3
Br–Br 190 5 C-C 1725
CºN 891 total 14134 -13355
reaksi 3
: Bredy, 1999, Lamp. C. hlm. 8 C-C 2760 8 C-H 3320 11
36 23 C-H 9545 1 C=C 611 32
3 C-O 1050 2 C-C 690 3
total 17976 -18125
CARA 2
∆H standar
Reaksi 1 MTGB -20.64 -41.28 -638.52 -582.80
-208.04 -416.08 -0.54
29.89 29.89 -638.52
82.23 82.23 -709.82
-76.45 -229.35 -781.12
-132.22 -132.22
DTGB -20.64 -41.28 -709.82

-208.04 -208.04
29.89 29.89
82.23 164.46
-76.45 -458.7
-132.22 -264.44
TTGB -20.64 -41.28 -781.12

-208.04 0
29.89 29.89
82.23 246.69
-76.45 -688.05
-132.22 -396.66
Pembentukam ikatan
C-H -5810
C-O -1050
0-H -928
C-C -1725
-9513 ΔH 847 kj/mol
C-C -2760
C-H -9545
C-O -1050
ΔH 779 kj/mol
-13355
C-C -3795
C-H -13280
C-O -1050
-18125 ΔH -149 kj/mol
ENDOTERMIS 1477 kj/mol
gliserol ΔH rx 1 -55.18
isobutena ΔH rx 2 -70.76
ΔH rx 3 -70.76
EKSOTERMIS -196.70 kJ/mol
94.44%
5.28%
0.04%
0.25%
MIXING
F1 102163.4615385 kg/H
4387.97 46073.71794872 C3H803
5341.88 56089.74358974 C4H8

524
F3 34.69%
60%
5.02%
0.01%
0.06%
0.22%
NM total F1+F2+F3 = F4
1050+524+132 = 102819.46153846
SAMPLE NM Komponen
C3H803
F1 + F3
47,62%*1050 + 36,69%*524
4482905.24913 + 181.7756
C3C803
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)

Komponen
F1 F2 F3 F4
C3H803 46073.71794872 181.7756 4625549.3548718
C4H8 56089.74358974 124.6608 5621440.4389744
C7H16O3 314.4 31440
C11H24O3 26.3048 2630.48
C15H32O3 0.0524 5.24
C8H16 6.9696 696.96
C12H24 0.0528 5.28
H2O 0.33 0.3144 64.44
FAME 1.1528 115.28
JUMLAH 102163.4615385 132.0132 524
TOTAL 102819.474738461 10281947.473846
F2 132 kg/H
C4H8
C8H16
C12H24
H2O
F4
C3H803
C4H8
kg/H C7H16O3
C3H803 C11H24O3
C7H16O3 C15H32O3
C11H24O3 C8H16
C15H32O3 C12H24
H2O H2O
FAME FAME
kg/H
500.80128205 1001.6025641
46073.717949 56089.74359
= C3C803*F4
= C3C803*1704
= C3C803*1706
= 43.601541553
kg/th
28044.871795 kg/th
10281.947474
102819.461538 (Kg/jam)
44.98709958 %
54.67292237 %
0.30577869 %
0.02558348 %
0.00005096 %
0.00677848 %
0.00005135 %
0.00062673 %
0.00112119 %
Bahan BM koef ΔH25C (kj/mol)
gliserol C3H803 92 1 -582.80
isobuten C4H8 56 1 -0.54
MTBG C7H16O3 148 1 -638.52
DTBG C11H24O3 204 1 -709.82
TTBG C15H32O3 260 1 -781.12
R 8.314 KJ/MOL.K
Tref 298 K 0.003355705
rx 1
m 1 mol 1 mol -
b x x x
s 1-x 1-x x
= delta H produk - delta H reaktan

= -638.52 - -583.34
= -55.18 kJ/mol
= delta G produk - delta G reaktan

= -370.18 - -378.15
= 7.97
K = 1.003222039
K = Fraksi produk
Fraksi reaktan
K = [X]
[1-X].[1-X]
1.0032220387 pemisalan x= 0.3825934621
k= 1.003679598
K = EXP[(-ΔH298,15/R)*(1/Top)-(1/298,15)*K298,15]*(P.op/P0)
kond. P.op 20 atm 1

P0 1 atm 20
Top 90 C 363.15
1/Top 0.002753683
1/T ref 0.003355705 -0.0006020216
ΔH298,15/R -6.6370
1/Top-1/298,15 -0.0006
(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 0.0040
1/298,15)*K298
EXP(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 20.0803
1/298,15)*K298
K op 20.0803
X 0.8004 80.04 %
K 20.0798
K 3.29
ΔH298,15/R -6.6370
1/Top-1/298,15 -0.0006
(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 0.0131
1/298,15)*K298
EXP(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 20.2646
1/298,15)*K298
K op 20.2646
X 0.8012 80.12
K 20.2640
ΔG25C (kJ/mol)
-448.49 CARL Y 296/322
70.34 smith 652
-370.18 perrys 348
76.56 perrys 349
396.50 perrys 349
joback scheme by perry's
rx 2
m 1 mol 1 mol
b x x
s 1-x 1-x
∆H reaksi = delta H produk -

= -709.82 -
∆H reaksi = -70.76
ΔGreaksi (298C) = delta G produk -

= 76.56 -
ΔGreaksi ( = 376.40
K = 1.1640705192
K = Fraksi produk
Fraksi reaktan
K = [X]
[1-X].[1-X]
38.26% pemisalan
K = EXP[(-ΔH298,15/R)*(1/Top)-(1/298,15)*K298,15]*(P.op/P0)
P.op/P0)
bar
bar
K
ΔH298,15/R -8.5109
1/Top-1/298,15 -0.0006
(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 0.0060
1/298,15)*K298
EXP(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 20.1196
1/298,15)*K298
K op 20.1196
X 0.8005
K 20.1190
Perhitungan Kebutuhan Bahan Baku (kmol)
Reaksi 1 M 500.801282 500.8012820513 -

B 450.721154 450.7211538462 450.7211538462
S 50.0801282 50.0801282051 450.7211538462
Reaksi 2 M 450.721154 450.7211538462 -

B 360.576923 360.5769230769 360.5769230769
S 90.1442308 90.1442307692 360.5769230769
Reaksi 3 M 360.576923 360.5769230769 -

B 288.461538 288.4615384615 288.4615384615
S 72.1153846 72.1153846154 288.4615384615
kebutuhan gliserol/IB 1/2
Gliserol 46073.7179487179 kg/th

IB 28044.8717948718 kg/th
produk dihasilkan
DTBG 73557.6923076923
TTBG 75000
dihasilkan 148557.692307692 kg/th
rx 3
- m 1 mol 1 mol
x b x x
x s 1-x 1-x
delta H reaktan ∆H reaksi = delta H prod -

-639.06 = -781.12 -
∆H reaksi = -70.76
delta G reaktan ΔGreaksi (298C) = delta G prod -

-299.84 = 397 -
ΔGreaksi (298C) = 249.60
K = 1.105993
K = Fraksi produk
Fraksi reaktan
K = [X]
x= 0.407883 [1-X].[1-X]
k= 1.163379
,15)*K298,15]*(P.op/P0)
K = EXP[(-ΔH298,15/R)*(1/Top)-(1/298
ΔH298,15/R
1/Top-1/298,15
(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top-1/298,15)*K298
EXP(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top-
K1/298,15)*K298
op
X
K
90%
80%
80%
BM dalam kg/kmol
Mol dalam kmol/th
-
x
x
delta H reaktan
-710.36
delta G reaktan
146.90
pemisalan x= 0.399186
k= 1.105844
EXP[(-ΔH298,15/R)*(1/Top)-(1/298,15)*K298,15]*(P.op/P0)
-8.5109
-0.0006
,15/R(1/Top-1/298,15)*K298 0.0057
XP(-ΔH298,15/R(1/Top- 20.1137
1/298,15)*K298 20.1137
0.8005
20.1130
Neraca massa Laju alir
massa
isobuten 8.739043
Air 5.025126
Reaktor
MTBG 1494.87
T 90 C DTBG 104.7261
P 20 Bar gliserol 70
TTBG 539.0563
effisiensi = 100%
T= 90 C iterasi
363 K
DI SET Pop= 0.0030494761 Bar
2.2872961087 mmHg
Bahan BM A B
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 8.73904 -6.3 56 7.0374 1013.9682
Air H2O 5.02513 100 18 8.05573 1723.6425
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72609 253 148 4.84152 1821.195
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.86987 254.6 204 8.02089 2343.022
gliserol C3H803 70.00000 289 92 9.90788 3821.36
TTBG C15H32O3 539.05630 295 260 9.36666 4040.69
Total 2222.41643
Neraca energi
Tin = 90 C
Tout = 90 C
Q masuk
Rumus Laju Alir massa TD ʃcp dt
Bahan BM kmol/jam
Molekul Kg/Jam C KJoule/Kmol K
isobuten C4H8 254.60000 -6.3 56 0.15605 3.4071428571
Air H2O 289.00000 100 18 0.27917 3.3944444444
MTBG C7H16O3 0.00000 253 148 0.70761 3.0081081081
DTBG C11H24O3 0.00000 254.6 204 7.32779 3.1176470588
gliserol C3H803 0.00000 289 92 0.76087 2.7652173913
TTBG C15H32O3 0.00000 295 260 2.07329 3.18
total
Q keluar atas
Bahan BM kmol/jam
isobuten C4H8 5.98807 -6.3 56 0.10693 7182.983391925
Air H2O 0.90431 100 18 0.05024 3835.817411102
MTBG C7H16O3 0.00000 253 148 0.00000 13705.08865614
DTBG C11H24O3 8.63837 254.6 204 0.04234 22965.76441549
gliserol C3H803 0.24802 289 92 0.00270 13508.01782916
TTBG C15H32O3 1.09382 295 260 0.00421 22149.7624986
total
Q keluar atas
Bahan BM kmol/jam
isobuten C4H8 5.12767 -6.3 56 0.09157 7182.983391925
Air H2O 4.24072 100 18 0.23560 3835.817411102
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72609 253 148 0.70761 13705.08865614
DTBG C11H24O3 1486.04334 254.6 204 7.28453 22965.76441549
gliserol C3H803 69.74599 289 92 0.75811 13508.01782916
TTBG C15H32O3 537.93436 295 260 2.06898 22149.7624986
total
isobuten 35.490 %
Air 5.360 %
MTBG 0.000 %
DTBG 51.198 %
gliserol 1.470 %
TTBG 6.483 %
total 100 %
y1 = (x1 X P1sat)/ P
x1 =( P - Psat)/(P1 sat - P2 sat)
LN Psat Psat XI.Pi

C kmol/jam Zi=xi
mmHg mmHg
250.292 0.15605 0.01380 4.058 57.8411017 0.7984538
233.08 0.27917 0.02470 2.721 15.19090481 0.3751418
-42.668 0.70761 0.06259 -33.636 2.467639E-15 0.0000000
178.119 7.32779 0.64820 -0.718 0.487800318 0.3161933
253.806 0.76087 0.06731 -1.207 0.299095331 0.0201306
273.01 2.07329 0.18340 -1.764 0.171287685 0.0314141
11.305 1 1.5413336
Q = nʃcp dt Panas ekspansi

kj/jam
0.5316994565
0.9476394317
2.1285634548 Tabel Neraca Energi
22.8454737852
2.1039697543
6.5930732609
35.1504191433
Q = nʃcp dt C4H8
kj/jam H2O
768.0751007654 C8H16
192.7091704386 C12H24
2.834934532E-13 C19H36O2
972.4843030608 C11H24O3
36.4164717774 C7H16O3
93.1842232157 C3H803
2062.869269258 C15H32O3
Q = nʃcp dt
kj/jam
657.713268003
903.7018438448
9697.839907768
167294.7118644
10240.54477375
45827.37799496
234621.8896527
5.988 Kg/Jam
0.904
0.000
8.638
0.248
1.094
16.873
isobuten 0.232 % 5.1276664581 Kg/Jam
Air 0.192 % 4.2407214541
t)/ P MTBG 4.743 % 104.726086957
DTBG 67.308 % 1486.04333838
gliserol 3.159 % 69.745993165
TTBG 24.365 % 537.934358413
total 100 % 2207.81816482
- P2 sat)
Ki top(massa)
Yi Xi Top (Kmol) Botom (Kmol)
(Psat/Pop) Kg/jm
25.288 0.349082 0.008 0.107 5.9881 0.092
6.641 0.164011 0.021 0.050 0.904 0.236
0.000 0.000000 0.064 0.000 0.000 0.708
0.213 0.138239 0.662 0.042 8.638 7.285
0.131 0.008801 0.069 0.003 0.248 0.758
0.075 0.013734 0.1881 0.004 1.094 2.069
0.6739 1.0134 0.206 16.873 11.1463828959
11.353 2224.6908
0.1033344
= Q masuk - Q keluar
-236649.6085
7.07764 1455.804 225.041
7.25069 1817.08 202.471
7.22305 2296.2768 171.324
34.989084
13.9152
BOTOM (Massa)
yi-xi
Kg/jm
5.1277 0.341
4.2407 0.143
104.7261 -0.064
1486.0433 -0.524
69.7460 -0.060
537.9344 -0.174
2207.8182 -0.339581
2224.6908 -0.6791616687
perbandingan di serio Urutan
flash drum TOP BOTOM TD kira2
KOMP %MASSA KOMP %MASSA
C4H8 80.58 C11H24O3 42.26 C4H8
C8H16 13.25 C7H16O3 39.96 C8H16
C12H24 5.84 C3H8O3 11.95 C12H24
H2O 0.2 C15H32O3 4.4 H2O
C11H24O3 0.06 C12H24 0.72 C19H36O2
C3H8O3 0.04 C4H8 0.42 C15H32O3TTBG C11 >C7
C7H16O3 0.02 C8H16 0.19 C3H8O3
C15H32O3 0.01 C19H36O2 0.08 C7H16O3 mtbg
C19H36O2 0 H2O 0.02 C11H24O3dtbg
100.000 100.000
Neraca massa Laju alir
massa
isobuten 8.739043
Air 5.025126
Reaktor
MTBG 1494.87
DTBG 104.7261
gliserol 70
TTBG 539.0563
effisiensi = 100%
T= 90 C iterasi
363 K
DI SET Pop= 2 Bar
1500.124 mmHg
Bahan BM A B
Molekul Kg/Jam C
isobuten C4H8 8.73904 -6.3 56 8.037 1213.968
Air H2O 5.02513 100 18 4.056 853.643
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72609 253 148 4.542 1121.195
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.86987 254.6 204 5.821 2443.022
gliserol C3H803 70.00000 289 92 4.908 1321.360
TTBG C15H32O3 539.05630 295 260 3.367 4040.690
Total 2222.41643
Neraca energi
Tin = 90 C
Tout = 90 C
Q masuk
Bahan BM kmol/jam
isobuten C4H8 254.60000 -6.3 56 0.15605 3.4071428571
Air H2O 289.00000 100 18 0.27917 3.3944444444
MTBG C7H16O3 0.00000 253 148 0.70761 3.0081081081
DTBG C11H24O3 0.00000 254.6 204 7.32779 3.1176470588
gliserol C3H803 0.00000 289 92 0.76087 2.7652173913
TTBG C15H32O3 0.00000 295 260 2.07329 3.18
total
Q keluar atas
Bahan BM kmol/jam
isobuten C4H8 8.71810 -6.3 56 0.15568 3.4071428571
Air H2O 0.00214 100 18 0.00012 3.3944444444
MTBG C7H16O3 0.00014 253 148 0.00000 3.0081081081
DTBG C11H24O3 0.00027 254.6 204 0.00000 3.1176470588
gliserol C3H803 0.00005 289 92 0.00000 2.7652173913
TTBG C15H32O3 0.00000 295 260 0.00000 3.18
total
Q keluar atas
Bahan BM kmol/jam
isobuten C4H8 0.02095 -6.3 56 0.00037 3.4071428571
Air H2O 5.02299 100 18 0.27905 3.3944444444
MTBG C7H16O3 104.72595 253 148 0.70761 3.0081081081
DTBG C11H24O3 1494.86960 254.6 204 7.32779 3.1176470588
gliserol C3H803 69.99995 289 92 0.76087 2.7652173913
TTBG C15H32O3 539.05630 295 260 2.07329 3.18
total
isobuten 99.970 % 8.718 Kg/Jam
Air 0.024 % 0.002
MTBG 0.002 % 0.000
DTBG 0.003 % 0.000
gliserol 0.001 % 0.000
TTBG 0.000 % 0.000
total 100 % 8.721
isobuten 0.001
Air 0.227
MTBG 4.731
DTBG 67.528
gliserol 3.162
TTBG 24.351
total 100
Pi Ki
C kmol/jam Zi Yi Xi
mmHg (Pi/Pop)
250.292 0.15605 0.01380 29509.992 14754.996 0.502 0.000
63.080 0.27917 0.02470 0.030 0.015 0.000 0.025
40.668 0.70761 0.06259 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.064
138.119 7.32779 0.64820 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.666
53.806 0.76087 0.06731 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.069
273.010 2.07329 0.18340 0.000 0.000 0.0000 0.1886
11.305 1 0.5024 1.0140
Q = nʃcp dt Panas ekspansi = Q masuk - Q keluar

kj/jam 0
0.5316994565
0.9476394317
2.1285634548 Tabel Neraca Energi
22.8454737852
2.1039697543
6.5930732609
35.1504191433
Q = nʃcp dt
kj/jam
0.5304250355
0.0004027945
2.744489687E-06
0.000004165
1.555145784E-06
1.599628441E-09
0.5308362962
Q = nʃcp dt
kj/jam
0.0012744211
0.9472366372
2.1285607103
22.8454696202
2.1039681991
6.5930732593
34.6195828471
% 0.0209464594 Kg/Jam
% 5.0229896967
% 104.725951927
% 1494.86959703
% 69.9999482596
% 539.056304217
% 2213.69573759
top(massa) BOTOM (Massa)

Top (Kmol) Botom (Kmol) yi-xi
Kg/jm Kg/jm
0.156 8.718 0.000 0.021 0.502
0.000 0.002 0.279 5.023 -0.025
0.000 0.000 0.708 104.726 -0.064
0.000 0.000 7.328 1494.870 -0.666
0.000 0.000 0.761 70.000 -0.069
0.000 0.000 2.073 539.056 -0.189
0.156 8.721 11.1489914333 2213.6957375935 -0.511673
11.305 2222.416 -1.0233459791
perbandingan di serio
flash drum TOP
KOMP %MASSA
C4H8 80.58
C8H16 13.25
C12H24 5.84
H2O 0.2
C11H24O3 0.06
C3H8O3 0.04
C7H16O3 0.02
C15H32O3 0.01
C19H36O2 0
100.000
Urutan
BOTOM TD kira2
KOMP %MASSA
C11H24O3 42.26 C4H8
C7H16O3 39.96 C8H16
C3H8O3 11.95 C12H24
C15H32O3 4.4 H2O
C12H24 0.72 C19H36O2
C4H8 0.42 C15H32O3TTBG C11 >C7
C8H16 0.19 C3H8O3
C19H36O2 0.08 C7H16O3 mtbg
H2O 0.02 C11H24O3dtbg
100.000
Rumus Molekul Bahan BM Titik didih (C)
gliserol C3H803 92 289
isobuten C4H8 56 -6.3
MTBG C7H16O3 148 254.6
DTBG C11H24O3 204 253
TTBG C15H32O3 260 295
Metil Oleat C19H36O2 296.5 218
Air H2O 18 100
C8H16 112 121.2
GASOLINE
C12H24 168 213.3
MTBG C7H16O3 148 254.6 4.84152
Rumus Molekul Bahan BM Titik didih (C) A
isobuten C4H8 56 -6.3 7.03740
Air H2O 18 100 8.05573
C8H16 112 121.2 7.07764
C12H24 168 213.3 7.25069

Metil Oleat C19H36O2 296.5 218 7.22305
DTBG C11H24O3 204 253 8.02089
gliserol C3H803 92 289 9.90788
TTBG C15H32O3 260 295 9.36666
Total
Zi log Pi Pi (mmHg) Ki (Pi/Pop) Yi

C4H8 0.1909436692 4.9873409458 97127.2171861 64.7461257777 -0.068832702
H2O 0.0030542261 4.4451937826 27873.6461606 18.5808947531 -0.00116266
C8H16 0.0170573072 3.9759174109 9460.572341019 6.3065268878 -0.007664793
C7H16O3 0.3370070193 -4.1901968506 0.000064536 0.000000043 3.782249E-09
C12H24 0.0097353456 3.1836632116 1526.381914333 1.0175038292 0.010422635
C19H36O2 0.0003244793 1.6983248396 49.925777809 0.0332811006 2.888262E-06
C11H24O3 0.2586435417 2.4743750464 298.1089716606 0.1987228867 0.015717192
C3H803 0.1620897695 2.2362900598 172.3018973572 0.1148584366 0.005307409
C15H32O3 0.021144642 1.555882604 35.9652102896 0.0239748249 0.000134634
1 -0.046075393
THE KEY
TEBAK V/F= -2.8332294656 iterasi
T= 244.3123861247 C
517.3123861247 K
DI SET P= 2 Bar 1500.124
1821.195 -42.668
B C sumber Kmol Massa
1013.9682 250.292 2.3701214286 132.7268
1723.6425 233.080 0.0379111111 0.6824
1455.804 225.041 0.2117267857 23.7134
4.1831581081 619.1074
1817.08 202.471 0.1208416667 20.3014
2296.2768 171.324 0.004027656 1.1942
2343.022 178.119 3.2104578431 654.9334
3821.36 253.806 2.0119673913 185.101
4040.69 273.01 0.2624615385 68.24
12.4126735291 1706
Xi Top (Kmol) top(massa) TOP(%MASSA) Botom (Kmol)

-0.0010631 2.4207052 135.5594910547 -515.713065421 -0.0505837688
-6.2573E-05 0.04088837 0.7359906124 -2.7999513119 -0.0029772562
-0.0012154 0.26955507 30.1901681019 -114.853368187 -0.0578282866
0.08791726 -1.3301E-07 -1.9686066E-05 7.48922943E-05 4.1831582411
0.01024334 -0.36654271 -61.5791760688 234.2675190758 0.4873843814
8.6784E-05 -0.00010157 -0.0301167713 0.1145741425 0.0041292303
0.079091 -0.55274146 -112.759257058 428.9734467091 3.7631992993
0.04620826 -0.1866507 -17.1718646929 65.3274434041 2.1986180945
0.00561565 -0.00473481 -1.2310515789 4.6833266967 0.2671963522
0.22682123 1.62037724 -26.2858360868 100 10.7922962871
12.4126735291
1706
FEED 1706
Komponen Komposisi
C4H8 7.78%
H2O 0.04%
C8H16 1.39%
mmHg C7H16O3 36.29%
C12H24 1.19%
C19H36O2 0.07%
365 C11H24O3 38.39%
C3H803 10.85%
C4H8 97127.2171861043 C15H32O3 4%
H2O 27873.6461606042 TOTAL 100
C8H16 9460.5723410186
C12H24 1526.3819143327
C11H24O3 298.1089716606
C3H803 172.3018973572
C19H36O2 49.925777809
C15H32O3 35.9652102896
C7H16O3 6.45361642656E-05
BOTOM (Massa) Bottom (%massa) yi-xi

-2.8326910547 -0.1635233052 -0.0677695854
-0.0535906124 -0.0030936357 -0.001100087
-6.4767681019 -0.3738856468 -0.0064494183
619.1074196861 35.7393339361 -0.0879172558
81.8805760688 4.7267358748 0.0001792976
1.2243167713 0.0706763714 -8.3895595E-05
767.6926570577 44.3167427145 -0.0633738084
202.2728646929 11.67664484 -0.0409008545
69.4710515789 4.0103688509 -0.0054810201
1732.285836087 100 -0.2728966275
TEBAK V/F=
T=
P=
komponen BM
289 C3H803 92.0000
-6.3 C4H8 56.0000
254.6 C7H16O3 148.0000
253 C11H24O3 204.0000
295 C15H32O3 260.0000
218 C19H36O2 296.5000
100 H2O 18.0000
121.2 C8H16 112.0000
213.3 C12H24 168.0000
TOTAL
1706
Rumus Molekul Bahan BM

isobuten C4H8 56
Air H2O 18
C8H16 112
C12H24 168
Metil Oleat C19H36O2 296.5
DTBG C11H24O3 204
MTBG C7H16O3 148
gliserol C3H803 92
TTBG C15H32O3 260
Kg/jam
Komponen komposisi
C4H8
H2O
C8H16
C7H16O3
C12H24
C19H36O2
C11H24O3
C3H803
C15H32O3
TOTAL
0.07
244.31238612 517.31238612
2 Bar 1500.124 mmHg
kmol Zi log Pi Pi (mmHg) Ki (Pi/Pop) Yi
2.0120 0.1621 1.0000 0.0007 0.0001
2.3701 0.1909 -33.7729 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
4.1832 0.3370 -4.1902 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
3.2105 0.2586 -3.0381 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000
0.2625 0.0211 1.4940 31.1889 0.0208 0.0005
0.0040 0.0003 1.2552 17.9958 0.0120 0.0000
0.0379 0.0031 1.5314 33.9914 0.0227 0.0001
0.2117 0.0171 1.4087 25.6264 0.0171 0.0003
0.1208 0.0097 0.0000 1.0000 0.0007 0.0000
12.412673529 1 0.0010
1706
Titik didih (C) A B C LOG PI PI

-6.3 3.9759174109 9460.57234102 6.3065268878 -33.772918969 1.68687E-34
100 2.2362900598 172.301897357 0.1148584366 1.5313690611 33.9914007
121.2 1.555882604 35.9652102896 0.0239748249 1.4086871143 25.6263713
254.6 0 0 0 0 1
213.3 2.4743750464 298.108971661 0.1987228867 1.2551708439 17.99578699
218 3.1836632116 1526.38191433 1.0175038292 -3.0380895256 0.000916032
253 -4.1901968506 6.45361643E-05 0.000000043 -4.1901971148 6.45361E-05
289 4.4451937826 27873.6461606 18.580894753 -101.58127471 2.6226E-102
295 1.6983248396 49.925777809 0.0332811006 1.4940004561 31.1889286
Komponen Komposisi
C4H8
H2O
C8H16
C7H16O3
C12H24
C19H36O2
C11H24O3
C3H803
C15H32O3
TOTAL
flash drum 1 TOP BOTOM

C4H8 80.58 C11H24O3 42.26
C8H16 13.25 C7H16O3 39.96
C12H24 5.84 C3H8O3 11.95
H2O 0.2 C15H32O3 4.4
C11H24O3 0.06 C12H24 0.72
C3H8O3 0.04 C4H8 0.42
C7H16O3 0.02 C8H16 0.19
C15H32O3 0.01 C15H32O3 0.08
C19H36O2 0 H2O 0.02
100.000 100.000
Xi Top (Kmol) top(massa) TOP(%MASSA) Botom (Kmol) BOTOM (Massa)

0.1743 0.0001 0.0093 0.062058 2.0119 185.0917
0.2053 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 2.3701 132.7268
0.3624 0.0000 0.0000 0.000013 4.1832 619.1074
0.2781 0.0000 0.0000 0.000201 3.2105 654.9334
0.0227 0.0004 0.1066 0.712474 0.2621 68.1334
0.0003 0.0000 0.0011 0.007199 0.0040 1.1931
0.0033 0.0001 0.0012 0.007764 0.0378 0.6812
0.0183 0.0003 0.0305 0.203485 0.2115 23.6829
0.0105 0.0000 0.0010 0.006806 0.1208 20.3004
1.0751945498 0.000857327 0.1497 1.000000 12.4118 1705.8503
12.4127
1706.00
KI XI YI
1.1244855E-37 0.1743 1.5498761461E+36
0.0226590606 0.2053 9.0610893603
0.0170828354 0.3624 21.2127044747
0.0006666116 0.2781 417.2014693221
0.0119961996 0.0227 1.892320111
6.1063728E-07 0.0003 570.8589411836
0.000000043 0.0033 76208.3288584892
1.748228E-105 0.0183 1.047782952E+103
0.0207909004 0.0105 0.5034696989
1.047782952E+103
Bottom (%massa) yi-xi
0.1085 -0.1742
0.0778 -0.2053
0.3629 -0.3624
0.3839 -0.2781
0.0399 -0.0222
0.0007 -0.0003
0.0004 -0.0032
0.0139 -0.0180
0.0119 -0.0105
1.0000 -1.0742078545
urutan komponen
flash drum 1 TOP BOTOM

Isobutene 80.58 DTGB 42.26
c8h16 13.25 MTGB 39.96
c12h24 5.84 Glicerol 11.95
water 0.2 TTBG 4.4
DTBG 0.06 C12H24 0.72
gliserol 0.04 ISOBUTENE 0.42
MTBG 0.02 C8H16 0.19
TTBG 0.01 METIL OLEAT 0.08
METIL OLEAT 0 WATER 0.02
100.000 100.000
Fungsi : tempat terjadinya reaksi antara Isobuten dengan Gliserol
Tipe : Fixed Bed
T in : 30 C densitas = #DIV/0! kg/m3
T out : 450 C
P: 29.6 atm 435.0016 psi
reaksi :
CO2 + 3H2 ↔ CH3OH + H2O 89%
CO + 2H2 ↔ CH3OH
laju alir Vb = MB/p #DIV/0!
konsentrasi umpan #DIV/0!
konversi : 89.00%
0.085 jam 5 MENIT 300. DETIK
laju alir 1273.15 kg/jam 0 kmol/jam
laju alir v m = #DIV/0! m3/jam
densitas = #DIV/0! m3/min
= #DIV/0! m3/s
konsentrasmb = #DIV/0! kmol/m3 #DIV/0!
vb
volume reak #DIV/0! m3

faktor kea 20%
maka Vr = #DIV/0! m3 #DIV/0! galon
dimensi reaktor
Volume silender, Vs =
Vs =
volume head, Ve =
diameter reaktor Dt =
Vr = Vs + 2 Ve
Vr = 1,4404 *Dt^3
Dt^3 = Vr
1.4404
Dt^3 = #DIV/0!
Dt = #DIV/0! m
#DIV/0! f
#DIV/0! in
tinggi reakHs + 2He Tinngi cairan (Hc)

tinggi silin #DIV/0! m tinggi head, He = 0,25Dt #DIV/0! m
V c xHt
#DIV/0! f #DIV/0! f H c 
#DIV/0! in #DIV/0! in
V t
tinggi reak #DIV/0! m Hc =
#DIV/0! f
#DIV/0! in
tebal dinding silinder, ts = 437
P op = 435.0016 psi
R= #DIV/0! in
S= 17,625.90 psi
E= 0.85
C= 0.002 in/thn
n= 10 tahun
ts = #DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! m #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! mm
PD t
te   C
2 SE  0 , 2 P
tebal head,tte = PD t =
e   C
2 SE  0 , 2 P
= #DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! m
#DIV/0! mm
10813.89 (S)
kebutuhan katalis, Al2O3 =

densitas A 900 kg/m3 0.9 g/cm2
Vr = #DIV/0! m3
#DIV/0! kg
diameter t0,0035 * Dt
Du = #DIV/0! m #DIV/0! cm
#DIV/0! in
maka dipilih tube ukuran :
NPS : 1 in
Sch No : 40
OD : 1.315 in
ID : 1.049 in 0.026645 m
a" : 0.494 in2
menghitung tumpukan katalis dalam tube, Z :

#DIV/0! = #DIV/0!
2.006284
tinggi kata #DIV/0! m

dipilih ting 10 f 3.048037 m
maka Z = 80 8f 2.43843 m
jumlah tube
tinggi katalis keseluruhan
tinggi kaltalis per tube
Nt = #DIV/0! buah = 28 buah tube
mendesain tube
panas stea ### kkal/jam 300.5149 Btu/jam 0.001124
Asumsi UD = 200 - 700 Btu/hr Ft F 20
( Tabel 8, D.Q Kern )
UD = 450 BTU/hr f2 F
Zc = 2.43843 m
panjang pip3.048037 m
luas penam 0.494 in 2
susunan pipa trianguler
tebal pipa = (OD-ID)

2
tp= 0.133 in
pitch,Pt = 1,25 x OD
pitch,Pt = 1.64375 in
clearance, Pt- OD
C= 0.32875 in
Shell
diameter sh
= #DIV/0! m 83.45989 9.135638
jarak buffleDshell *0,3

B= #DIV/0! m
#DIV/0! in
area peerpan dlm shell =
A = #DIV/0! in2
Desain Jaket Pemanas

T umpan ( 450 C 842 F
T steam ( 500 C 932 F
Densitas 0 Kg/m3 0 lb/ft3
Panas , Q 3253429 kkal/jam 572603 btu/jam
Massa Ste 1813.61 kg/jam
Koeffisie 450 btu/jam ft2. F

A = Q/ UDΔT
14.14 ft2
karena massa steam lebih kecil dari massa umpan, maka digunakan jaket pemanas
D1 = Dt + 2 td
#DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! m
Tinggi jaket (Hj)
#DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! m
#DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! m
PH = ρ . g . Hc
#DIV/0! kg/m2 s
#DIV/0! atm
#DIV/0! psi
Tekanan Desain (Pj)
Pj = P op + PH
#DIV/0! atm #DIV/0! bar
#DIV/0! psi
PR
td  C
SE  0,6 P
R = #DIV/0! in
tj #DIV/0! + 0.02
tj #DIV/0! in
#DIV/0! mm
LambangKeterangSatuan
T Temperatu⁰C
P Tekanan atm
m Massa kg/jam
v Volume m3
µ (mu) ViskositascP (sentipoise)
ρ (rho) Densitas kg/m3
t Waktu detik
D Diameter cm
H Tinggi cm
S AllowablePsi
stress
(pound per square inch)
E Joint effic%
C Faktor korin/tahun
g Percepatanm/s2
td Tebal dindmm
W lebar dau ft
J lebar bafflft
Tc Temperatur⁰C
Q Panas kkal
UD koefisien Btu/jam.ft2˚F
R jari-jari t m
A luas area ft2
konversi
1m= 3.2808 f = 39.37 in KomponenF1
1 atm = 14.696 psi Ton/Jam
hydrogen 0
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3 1 kg/m2 0.0014 psi Carbondiok 0
3.61E-05 lb/in3 9.7E-06 atm Total 0
1m 3.28 ft 1 atm 14.7 psi

39.37 in
1 in 25.4 mm
1 atm 14.6959 psi 1 mm 0.03937 in
10332.27 kg/m2
1.013 bar
Tinngi cairan (Hc) Tekanan hidrostatik
Pc = ρgH
V c xHt
H c  #DIV/0! kg/m s2
V t #DIV/0! atm #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! m #DIV/0! psi
#DIV/0! f
#DIV/0! in Pd = Pop + Pc
#DIV/0! atm
#DIV/0! psi
Konversi satuan
1 kg/m3 0.06243 lb/ft3 1 kgf/m2 0.0014 psi
3.61E-05 lb/in3 9.7E-06 atm
1m 3.28 ft 1 atm 14.7 psi

39.37 in 1.013 bar
1 in 25.4 mm
1 atm 14.6959 psi
10332.27 kg/m2 1 hp 550 ft.lbf/s
1.013 bar
1 kkal = 3.968 btu
1 m3 35.314 ft3
61023.74 in3 1 W/m2˚C 0.176 Btu/hr.ft2.˚F
264.172 gal
1 cP 2.4191 lb/ft.h
1 kg 2.2046 lb
1 cP 0.000672 lb/ft.s
berdasarkan jurnal PERBANDINGAN produk akhir
diserio
massa total 13406 kg/h perbandingan mol umpan 1:1.5
% massa massa BM
isobutena 0 0 56
glicerol 0.02 2.6812 0.2660 92 0.2446808511
mtgb 2.23 298.9538 29.6543 148 43.888297872
dtgb 4.67 626.0602 62.1011 204 126.68617021
% produk
ttgb 0.51 68.3706 GTBE 6.7819 260 17.632978723
baru
diiso 0.01 1.3406 0.1330 112 0.1489361702
triiso 0.07 9.3842 0.9309 168 1.5638297872
water 0.01 1.3406 0.1330 18 0.0239361702
metyl olea 92.48 12397.8688 296.5 190.18882979
100 13406 1008.1312 kg/jam 7258.54464 Ton/thun
total massa dihasilkan 75000
9469.6969697
mp Reaktor SEPARATOR
BASIS 1000
Konversi 90% NM PER REAKSI
KOMPONEN
1 C3H8O3 C4H8 Û C7H16O3
M 89.3 178.6 C3H8o3
B 80.37 80.37 80.37 C4H8
S 8.93 98.23 80.37 C7H16O3
TOTAL
KOMPONEN
2 C7H16O3 C4H8 Û C11H24O3
M 80.37 98.23 KOMPONEN
B 72.333 72.333 72.333 C7H16O3
S 8.037 25.897 72.333 C4H8
C11H24O3
TOTAL
3 C11H24O3 C4H8 Û C15H32O3
KOMPONEN
M 72.333 25.897
B 23.3073 23.3073 23.3073 C4H8
S 49.0257 2.5897 23.3073 C11H24O3
C15H32O3
TOTAL
NM TOTAL
Masuk Keluar
KOMPONEN BM
KMOL KG KMOL KG
C3H8o3 92 89.3 8215.60 8.93 821.56
C4H8 56 178.6 10001.60 2.5897 145.0232
C7H16O3 148 0.00 8.037 1189.476
C11H24O3 204 0.00 49.0257 10001.2428
C15H32O3 260 23.3073 6059.898
TOTAL 18217.2 18217.2

Reaksi 1 M 49.961469715 49.961469715 - 90%
B 44.965322743 44.965322743 44.9653227
S 4.9961469715 4.9961469715 44.9653227
Reaksi 2 M 44.965322743 4.9961469715 - 90%

B 40.468790469 40.468790469 40.4687905
S 4.4965322743 35.472643497 40.4687905
Reaksi 3 M 40.468790469 40.468790469 - 90%

B 36.421911422 36.421911422 36.4219114
S 4.0468790469 4.0468790469 36.4219114

M 500.8012821 500.80128205 - 90%
B 450.7211538 450.72115385 450.72115385
S 50.08012821 50.080128205 450.72115385
M 450.7211538 450.72115385 - 80%

B 360.5769231 360.57692308 360.57692308
S 90.14423077 90.144230769 360.57692308
M 360.5769231 360.57692308 - 80%

B 288.4615385 288.46153846 288.46153846
S 72.11538462 72.115384615 288.46153846
PERBANDINGAN yang keluar reaktor
berdasarkan jurnal diserio
massa tot 1705 kg/h
251.85 keluar reaktor

28081.68 komponen % massa massa
58807.83 isobutena 7.78 132.649
6422.27 glicerol 10.86 185.163
125.93 mtgb 36.29 618.7445
881.49 dtgb 38.39 654.5495
125.93 ttgb 4 68.2
diiso 1.39 23.6995
triiso 1.19 20.2895
Ton/thun Kapasitas nyata water 0.04 0.682
Kg/jm jurnal metyl oleat 0.07 1.1935
100.01 1705.1705
NM PER REAKSI
Masuk Keluar
BM
KMOL KG KMOL KG
92 89.3 8215.6 8.93 821.56
56 178.6 10002 98.23 5500.88
148 0 80.37 11894.76
TOTAL 18217 18217.2
Masuk Keluar
BM
KMOL KG KMOL KG
BM KMOL KG KMOL KG
148 80.37 11895 8.037 1189.476
56 98.23 5500.9 25.897 1450.232
204 0 72.333 14755.932
TOTAL 17396 17395.64
Masuk Keluar
BM
KMOL KG KMOL KG
56 25.897 1450.2 2.5897 145.0232
204 72.333 14756 49.0257 10001.2428
260 0 23.3073 6059.898
TOTAL 16206 16206.164

Reaksi 1 M 49.961 99.9229394291 0 90%
B 44.965 44.9653227431 44.9653227431
S 4.9961 54.957616686 44.9653227431
Reaksi 2 M 44.965 54.957616686 0 90%

B 40.469 40.4687904688 40.4687904688
S 4.4965 14.4888262172 40.4687904688
Reaksi 3 M 40.469 14.4888262172 0 90%

B 13.04 13.0399435955 13.0399435955
S 27.429 1.4488826217 13.0399435955
MASSA KG/JM
kompenen bm msuk kluar %MASSA
gliserol 92 4596.4552137392 459.645521374 4.51
ib 56 5595.6846080303 81.1374268164 0.80
MTBG 148 665.486776598 6.53
DTBG 204 5595.48476215 54.90
TTGB 260 3390.38533483 33.26
TOTAL 10192.13982177 10192.1398218 100
MASSA TN/TH
kompenen bm %MASSA
msuk kluar
gliserol 92 36403.925292814 3640.39252928 4.5098039216
ib 56 44317.8220956 642.608420386 0.7960784314
MTBG 148 5270.65527066 6.5294117647
DTBG 204 44316.2393162 54.9
TTGB 260 26851.8518519 33.2647058824
TOTAL 80721.747388414 80721.7473884 100
eluar reaktor
perbandingan mol umpan 1:1.5
% komponen yang MASUK Reaktor

mol jadi GTBE % massa massa mol konversi BM
2.3687321429 39.52 673.816 12.032428571 80.313765182 56
2.0126413043 18.3670 39.97 681.4885 7.4074836957 72.829622217 92
4.1807060811 61.3754 18.44 314.402 2.1243378378 -96.800433839 148
3.2085759804 64.9270 1.54 26.257 0.1287107843 -2392.8571429 204
0.2623076923 6.7650 0 0 0 #DIV/0! 260
0.2116026786 2.3508 0.41 6.9905 0.0624151786 -239.02439024 112
0.1207708333 2.0126 0 0 0 #DIV/0! 168
0.0378888889 0.0676 0.04 0.682 0.0378888889 0 18
0.0040252951 0.07 1.1935 0.0040252951 0 296.5
1571.328 kg/jam 11313.5616 Ton/thun
basis 1000 kg/jam gliserol

Reaksi 1 M 10.86956522 21.739130435 0 90%
B 9.782608696 9.7826086957 9.7826086957
S 1.086956522 11.956521739 9.7826086957
Reaksi 2 M 9.782608696 11.956521739 0 90%

B 8.804347826 8.8043478261 8.8043478261
S 0.97826087 3.152173913 8.8043478261
Reaksi 3 M 8.804347826 3.152173913 0 90%

B 2.836956522 2.8369565217 2.8369565217
S 5.967391304 0.3152173913 2.8369565217
MASSA KG/JM
kompenen bm msuk kluar %MASSA
gliserol 92 1000 100 0.98
ib 56 1217.391304 17.652173913 0.17
MTBG 148 144.7826087 1.42
DTBG 204 1217.3478261 11.94
TTGB 260 737.60869565 7.24
TOTAL 2217.391304 2217.3913043 21.755895652
faktor pengali 4.270647653

maka untuk memproduksi GTBE dibutuhkan gliserol sebesar =basis*faktor pengali
4270.647653 kg/jam
33823.529412 tn/hr
MTBG C7H16O3 148 146
DTBG C11H24O3 204 253
TTBG C15H32O3 260 295
Air H2O 18 100
C8H16 112 121.2
GASOLINE
C12H24 168 213.3

Air H2O 18 100
C8H16 112 121.2
C12H24 168 213.3
DTBG C11H24O3 204 253
MTBG C7H16O3 148 254.6
TTBG C15H32O3 260 295
Atoine Constans
komponen a b c
C3H803 9.90788 3821.36 253.806
C4H8 7.0374 1013.9682 250.292
C7H16O3 4.84152 1821.195 -42.668
C11H24O3 8.02089 2343.022 178.119
C15H32O3 9.36666 4040.69 273.01
C19H36O2 7.22305 2296.2768 171.324
H2O 8.05573 1723.6425 233.080
C8H16 7.07764 1455.804 225.041
C12H24 7.25069 1817.08 202.471
THE KEY
FEED 1706 Kg/jam
Komponen Komposisi
C3H803 10.86%
C4H8 7.78%
C7H16O3 36.29%
C11H24O3 38.39%
C15H32O3 4%
C19H36O2 0.07%
H2O 0.04%
C8H16 1.39%
C12H24 1.19%
TOTAL 100.01
Komponen
C3H803
C4H8
C7H16O3
C11H24O3
C15H32O3
C19H36O2
H2O
C8H16
C12H24
TOTAL
TEBAK V/F= 0.6830732856
T= 244.31238612 517.312386125
P= 2 Bar 1500.124 mmHg
komponen BM kmol Zi log Pi Pi (mmHg)
289 C3H803 92.0000 2.0138 0.1622 2.2363 172.3019
-6.3 C4H8 56.0000 2.3701 0.1909 4.9873 97127.2172
146 C7H16O3 148.0000 4.1832 0.3370 -4.1902 0.0001
253 C11H24O3 204.0000 3.2105 0.2586 2.4744 298.1090
295 C15H32O3 260.0000 0.2625 0.0211 1.5559 35.9652
218 C19H36O2 296.5000 0.0040 0.0003 1.6983 49.9258
100 H2O 18.0000 0.0379 0.0031 4.4452 27873.6462
121.2 C8H16 112.0000 0.2117 0.0171 3.9759 9460.5723
213.3 C12H24 168.0000 0.1208 0.0097 3.1837 1526.3819
TOTAL 12.414527877 1
1706
Rumus Molekul Bahan BM Titik didih (C) A B C

isobuten C4H8 56 -6.3 7.0374 1013.9682 250.292
Air H2O 18 100 8.05573 1723.6425 233.08
C8H16 112 121.2 7.07764 1455.804 225.041
C12H24 168 #REF! 7.25069 1817.08 202.471
Metil Oleat C19H36O2 296.5 213.3 7.22305 2296.2768 171.324
DTBG C11H24O3 204 253 8.02089 2343.022 178.119
MTBG C7H16O3 148 #REF! 4.84152 1821.195 -42.668
gliserol C3H803 92 289 9.90788 3821.36 253.806
TTBG C15H32O3 260 295 9.36666 4040.69 273.01
C4H8 97127.2171861
H2O 27873.6461606
C8H16 9460.57234102
C12H24 1526.38191433
C11H24O3 298.108971661
C3H803 172.301897357
C19H36O2 49.925777809
C15H32O3 35.9652102896
C7H16O3 6.45361643E-05
Komponen Komposisi
C3H803
C4H8
C7H16O3
C11H24O3
C15H32O3
C19H36O2
H2O
C8H16
C12H24
TOTAL
komposisi flash drum 1 TOP BOTOM

KOMP %MASSA KOMP
C4H8 80.58 C11H24O3
C8H16 13.25 C7H16O3
C12H24 5.84 C3H8O3
H2O 0.2 C15H32O3
C11H24O3 0.06 C12H24
C3H8O3 0.04 C4H8
C7H16O3 0.02 C8H16
C15H32O3 0.01 C15H32O3
C19H36O2 0 H2O
100.000
Ki (Pi/Pop) Yi Xi Top (Kmol) top(massa) TOP(%MASSA) Botom (Kmol)

0.1149 0.0471 0.4103 0.3996 36.7638 0.090759 1.6142
64.7461 0.2775 0.0043 2.3533 131.7824 0.325331 0.0169
0.0000 0.0000 1.0632 0.0000 0.0001 0.000000 4.1832
0.1987 0.1135 0.5713 0.9627 196.3955 0.484841 2.2477
0.0240 0.0015 0.0634 0.0129 3.3529 0.008277 0.2496
0.0333 0.0000 0.0010 0.0003 0.0799 0.000197 0.0038
18.5809 0.0044 0.0002 0.0370 0.6658 0.001644 0.0009
6.3065 0.0233 0.0037 0.1972 22.0884 0.054529 0.0145
1.0175 0.0098 0.0096 0.0830 13.9434 0.034422 0.0378
0.4771 2.1269748792 4.045954721 405.0722 1.000000 8.3686
12.4145
1706.17
LOG PI PI KI XI YI
4.9873409458 97127.21719 64.746125778 0.4103 0.00633663
4.4451937826 27873.64616 18.580894753 0.0043 0.00023067
3.9759174109 9460.572341 6.3065268878 1.0632 0.16858733
3.1836632116 1526.381914 1.0175038292 0.5713 0.56146146
1.6983248396 49.92577781 0.0332811006 0.0634 1.90589161
2.4743750464 298.1089717 0.1987228867 0.0010 0.00480651
-4.1901968506 6.45362E-05 0.000000043 0.0002 5456.51158
2.2362900598 172.3018974 0.1148584366 0.0037 0.03210663
1.555882604 35.96521029 0.0239748249 0.0096 0.40120769
5459.59221
BOTOM titik didih perkiraan
%MASSA
42.26 C4H8
39.96 C8H16
11.95 C12H24
4.4
0.72
0.42
0.19 C3H8O3
0.08 C7H16O3
0.02 C11H24O3
100.000
BOTOM (Massa) Bottom (%massa) yi-xi

148.5078 0.1141 -0.3631
0.9444 0.0007 0.2732
619.1073 0.4758 -1.0632
458.5379 0.3524 -0.4578
64.8871 0.0499 -0.0619
1.1143 0.0009 -0.0009
0.0166 0.0000 0.0041
1.6250 0.0012 0.0196
6.3580 0.0049 0.0002
1301.0984 1.0000 -1.6498593971
alat Kg/jm kapasita gal/jm
Heater 1005.0251256 265.49955075 0.264172053
cooler 2213.6930817 584.7958461
flash 01 2222.41643 587.10031093
ekstraksi 6596.8053834 1742.6916214
distilasi 6367.6108905 1682.1448417
flash 02 229.19449283 60.546779707
dekanter 224.03104961 59.182742311
tangki GTBE 2071.3395747 547.19002791
tangki metil oleat+glis+MTBG 203.29420271 53.704646892
Kondensor 6748025.8298 1782639.8372
Pompa
Reboiler 12747.573795 3367.5527401
Komprossor

Gliserol to GTBE process optimization

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Gliserol to GTBE process optimization

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C7H16O3 3-tert-butoxy-1,2-propanediol

INPUT 1+INPUT 2 = OUPUT

Komposisi = 99,5 % gliserol

data panas STEAM (Smith vannes)

Tref 25.00 C 298.00 K

massa steam = ΔQ/λ

Qs masuk = massa steam x hv

Kondensat 242°C Komposisi

energi masuk keluar

Perhitungan Bahan Baku dengan Basis

Reaksi 2 M 10.1086956522 11.6304347826

Reaksi 3 M 9.4010869565 2.2293478261

faktor pengali 4.5717742688 kapasitas sebenarnya / kapsita

komponen Bahan Baku masuk reaktor (tanpa recycle)

Dalam kmol/jam c3h803 c4h8

NET = Q1 + Q2 +Qr + Qsin = Q2 + Qsout

∆Hf umpan ΔH produk

C7H16O3 + C4H8 --------> C11H24O3

Reaksi 2 M 10.1086956522 11.6304347826

C7H16O3 9.4010869565 148

Reaksi 3 C11H24O3 + C4H8 --------> C15H32O3

C11H24O3 2.0732934783 204

menghitung entalpi pada kondisi operasi

energi pada Q1 dan Q2

∆Hr° 25 C = -115.41 kJ/jm

∆HRop = ∆Hr° 25 C+ (∆H produk -∆H reaktan)

panas air pendingin keluar

cp air 3.3944444444 KJoule/Kg C

NET = Q1 + Q2 +Qr + Qw-in = Q2 + Qw-out

Tabel Neraca Energi

selisih super pro dan rancangan = 249.833472

kapasitas sebenarnya / kapsitas basis

perhitungan seperti gambar berikut:

C4H8 --------> C11H24O3

C4H8 --------> C15H32O3

5 C+ (∆H produk -∆H reaktan)

joback scheme by perry's

TTGB -20.64 -41.28

Sumber : CARL YAWS

heat capacity of element coulson

isobuten 8.7390 0.3932

Rumus Yi Xi Top top(massa)

Total 8.72 1.00

Total 2213.69 1.00

Botom BOTOM (Massa) 99.9459 0.0009

21843955.85 1.00 100

Komponen Massa (kg) kmol CP ΔT Q masuk (KJ)

QC = -377864.7735 Kj/jam Panas Sensibel air pendingi

Tabel Neraca Energi

Total 506,832.8637 506,832.8637

as Sensibel air pendingin masuk ( Qin)

as Sensibel air pendingin keluar( Qout)

isobutene --> 0.0000 x 2213.6930817

Air --> 0.0022678913 x 2213.6930817

MTBG --> 0.0473083123 x 2213.6930817

DTBG --> 0.675283254 x 2213.6930817

Gliserol --> 0.0316213662 x 2213.6930817

TTBG --> 0.2435099557 x 2213.6930817

Solvent --> 0 x 2213.6930817

isobuten 0.02 Kg/jam 0.01

+ 0 = aliran 3 x fraksi massa aliran 3

+ aliran 4*fm aliran 4