_ __ __

UNIVERSITI
--~-~·-·'""'~~_, _,_, ,

TEKNOLOGI
-~- '-

PETRONAS

COURSE CCB3033/CDB3033 - ADVANCED TRANSPORT

PROCESSE~TRANSPORTPHENOMENA

DATE 26 AUGUST 2018 (SUNDAY)

TIME 9:00AM - 12:00 NOON (3 HOURS)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet.

2. Begin EACH answer on a new page in the Answer Booklet.
3. Indicate clearly answers that are cancelled, if any.

4. Where applicable, show clearly steps taken in arriving at the solutions and
indicate ALL assumptions, if any.
5. DO NOT open this Question Booklet until instructed.

Note
1. There are NINE (9) pages in this Question Booklet including the cover
page and appendix.
11. DOUBLE-SIDED Question Booklet.
Universi~i Teknologi PETRONAS
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

1. In a gas absorption experiment, viscous fluid flows upward through a small

circular tube and then downward in laminar flow on the outside of the tube as
seen in FIGURE Q1.

r,.~
1 I I I t
I
z~
Velocity
distribution
inside tube

TL
z-MJrnentum
into shell
of thickness

l
~r

I
--t--
1
I
I
~
!----R----1
1. aR---t

FIGURE Q1

Neglecting the effect of the edge at the inlet and outlet of the tube. Using the shell
balance method, obtain the following equations:

a. The velocity distribution in the falling film.

[13 marks]

b. The mass rate of flow in the film if the film thickness is very small.

[12 marks]

2
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

2. Consider an incompressible isothermal fluid in laminar flow between two coaxial

cylinders, whose inner and outer wetted surfaces have radii of KR and R, respectively
as depicted in FIQURE Q2. The inner and outer cylinders are rotating at angular
velocities £2, and flo, respectively. Ignore the end effects.

Outer cylinder Ue is a function of r

rotating /
Jl'n,

/
Inner cylinder
rotating

FIGURE Q2

a. Obtain a second-order differential equation of momentum balance by

simplifying the equations of continuity and motion for cylindrical coordinate
system as given in the APPENDIX.

[7 marks]

b. Develop the velocity profile for the system.

[1 0 marks]

c. If the inner cylinder is fixed, derive momentum flux distribution for the
system.

[8 marks]

3
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

3. a. Prove the combined energy flux vector, e, is given by

e = (~ pv 2 +pH) v + ["[ · v] + q
Explain each of the terms on the left hand side (LHS) of the equation.

[5 marks]

b. A furnace wall consists of three layers: (i) a layer of heat-resistant of

refractory brick, (ii) a layer of insulating brick, and (iii) a steel plate of
thickness 4.0 mm for mechanical protection. The inside temperature of the
refractory brick is 1600°C as shown in FIGURE Q3. The maximum
allowable temperature of the insulating brick is 1000°C. The external
temperature of the steel plate and the heat loss through the wall are 35°C
and 15.0 kW/m 2 , respectively.

Given: The thermal conductivities of the refractory brick, insulating brick and
steel are 6.2, 3.1 and 45.2 W/m·K, respectively.

FIGURE Q3

4
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

i. Derive an expression for the heat flux through the furnace wall by
making a shell energy balance technique. State all the assumptions
made clearly.
[1 0 marks]

ii. Evaluate the temperature at the interface between the insulating

brick and the steel plate.
[4 marks]

iii. Determine the thicknesses of the refractory brick and insulating brick
layers.
[6 marks]

5
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

4. In the catalytic reaction, as shown in FIGURE Q4, gas A has diffused through a
stagnant gas film (assumed very thin) to reach the catalyst surface. Gas A
converts to product 8 instantaneously upon reaching the catalyst surface with the
following reaction:
2A~ 8

Then, 8 diffuses back out through the gas film to the main stream.

Gas A

1
Gas B Gas film

Catalyst
particle

FIGURE Q4

a. Show that the combined mass flux for an above problem is given as the
following equation:

N = cDAs dxA
AZ 1 dz
1--x
2 A

[5 marks]

6
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

b. Generate the expression for the concentration profile.

[8 marks]

c. If the stagnant film thickness is considered significant as compared to the

catalyst particle, derive new concentration profile and discuss your answer
with part 4(b).

[12 marks]

-END OF PAPER-

7
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

APPENDIX
Generalized Newton's law of viscosity in Cartesian-coordinate

av,+av,- J+( (avx av, ev, J5

==~JL
[- JL~K) -+-+-~
2
r
I} ax ax I j
J Cx
""
cJU
1
cJ......
7 IJ

Generalized Newton's law of viscosity in cylindrical-coordinate for rrz and <zr

avr+av=]
r. =r. =-Jl
r. .r [-
az ar-
The continuity Equation for Cartesian Coordinates

ap =- -(pv
-
at ax
(a X ay
a
) +-(pv .) +-(pv_)
y
a
az .
J
The continuity Equation for cylindrical coordinates

ap + --(prvr)
-
1 a 1 a a
+ --(pvo) + -(pvJ = 0
at r ar rae az
Equation of Motion in Cartesian Coordinates

p av
( at _x
av + v -
+ v -----'--
X OX
av ' ) =
CV ' + v -
·' oy z az
~- ~
ap
ax
lox " c
- r + -a r
ay Y'
+ -a r
oz n
J+ pg
'

p -Ov.· +v -
Gv.· +v.-· +v.-·
Ov. av. J ==~-~
a .. +c- r .. J+pg.
op [ ~r.+-r
a
( Q( OX J cy X. CZ CZ Cx L Cy h CZ •• •

Equation of Motion in Cylindrical Coordinates for constant viscosity and density

r·component:

B-component

8
 CCB 3033/CDB 3033

z-component: pl--
( 01'_
at
ov_ VII OV=
+v - - + - - + 1 ' -
r or r ofJ = oz
OV=)

ap
=~-+u--~r-
oz '
[1 cra ('\ avz)
r or + 1- -a\·=
r-' ae-
a·\·=
- - +---
az-