INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON

GENERAL AWARENESS OF STEAM TURBINE MANUFACTURING

Submitted to:- Submitted by:-

Dr. Harshdeep Sharma Abhishek Chaudhary

Coordinator 1101201085
Industial Training 4th year (me-3)
QUES 1 : - What is Steam Turbine ?

Turbine is a engine that converts energy of fluid into mechanical energy

and steam turbine is a steam driven rotatry engine

A stream turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam
and uses it to do mechanical energy on a rotating output shaft

It is a device where kinetic energy (heat) converted into mechanical energy

(in shape of rotation)
Classifation of steam turbines
1.On the type of flow
Direction of steam flow in relation to turbine wheel(drum)
1)axial
2)radial
3)mixed
4)tangential

Radial flow steam turbine :- in this steam flow is in radial direction

either towards or away From axis
Axial flow steam turbine :-in such turbine the steam flow in direction
or direction parallel to the axis of wheel or rotor
Majority of high power turbines are of axial type
Mixed flow steam turbine:- The steam flow through hp cylinder and then
Reversed flow in opposite direction through
remainder of high pressure cylinder
2. WAY OF ENERGY CONVERSION AND TYPE OF BLADING

1) IMPULSE TURBINE
2) REACTION TURBINE
 By Type of Blading :-
Heat contained in steam passes through turbine must
be converted into mechanical energy depends up on
shape of turbine blades

2 basic design of blades are

1) impulse
2) reaction

Impulse blades:- 1) Works on principalof high pressure steam

striking or hitting against the moving blade

2) Impulse blades r usually symmetric and have

An entrance and exit angle of 20 degree

3) They r installed on high pressure section

of turbine

4) They r short and have constant cross section

REACTION BLADE :-

Energy contained with in the steam

converted to mechanical
Energy By reaction of jet of
steam as it expands through
Blades of rotor

Rotor is forced to rotate as expanding

Steam Exhausts the rotor arm nozzle
Application of steam turbine

1) Power station
2) Industrial
3) transport
Steam turbine components and relative
equipments:-
Frame : -
Manufacturing of steam turbine blade on cnc 3
axis machine

VARIOUS OPERATIONS ARE:-

1. RAW MATERIAL PROCUREMENT

2. LENGTH CUTTING
3. THICKNESS MILLING
4. THICKNESS GRINDING
5. RHOMBOID MILLING & grinding
6. FACING AND SIZE MILLING
7. WIDTH MILLING
8. TAPER MILLING & GRINDING
9. FITTING AND POLISHING
 RAW MATERIAL PROCUREMENT:
The steam turbine blade material is procured (the action of obtaining) as per
the design specification. The material is inspected dimensionally and all the
mechanical and chemical analysis are made as per the specification
LENGTH CUTTING:
The material is cut to length by keeping machining allowance at both ends

THICKNESS MILLING:
The material is clamped in a vice or fixture and thickness is milled on both
sides by keeping n allowance of 0.5mm on both sides for grinding

RHOMBOID MILLING:
The ground blade bars are milled to rhomboid shape with an angle given
in the process by clamping in a ficture on both sides with an allowance of
0.5mm on both side. This is done on the horizontal milling machines.

WIDTH MILLING:
The profile width is done on both sides on horizontal milling machine as per
the drawing.
TAPER GRINDING:
The taper grinding is done on a surface grinding machione
and ensure the angle with in
the given tolerance in the diagram. Also surface finish must
be with in 8 microns

FITTING AND POLISHING:

The blades are deburred (smoothen the rough

edges) and rounded off on the inlet side and then
polished on blade
CONCLUSION :-

Efficiency and reliability of a steam turbine depends on the

proper design of blades

The reliability of moving blades is to be ensured upon

proper design selection of material.

Different milling cutters are used to finish the operation on

the blade
Reference :-

1) HANDBOOK (BHEL)

2)GOOGLE(http://www.slideshare.net/physics101/
turbine-manufacturing-process)

3)WIKIPEDIA(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_tu
rbine)

4)TURBOMACHINES BY S.M YAYA