FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

DAN PEMBUATAN
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

BASIC TRIBOLOGY

BMMM 2343 SEMESTER 2 SESI 2019/2020

DRY FRICTION

DATE

NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS& 1.

MATRIX NUMBER
2.

3.

4.

5.

1.
NAME OF INSTRUCTOR
2.

EXAMINER’S COMMENT VERIFICATION STAMP

TOTAL MARKS

1
 1. OBJECTIVES:
To introduce Law of Friction principles.

2. PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT

2.1 Equipment

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9 1 2 35
6

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Figure 1. Schematic view of dry friction testing apparatus
Note:
1) Guide bar
2) Carriage
3) Friction plate, interchangeable
4) Friction body (Al 1N Brass/Felt 1N), interchangeable
5) Load weights
6) Dynamometer
7) Damping cylinder
8) Main switch
9) Drive motor with cable drum
10) Main connection; fuse (100mA)

2.2 Procedures:

 Experiment 1

1) Insert friction plate in the carriage.

2) Completely unwind the cable from the cable drum (small) and move the carriage
to its start position.
3) Place the friction body (Al, smooth side) on the friction plate and connect the cable
leading to the dynamometer.
4) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates, take the highest
value.
5) Add a load weight and repeat the step 2 to 5 (Gradually increase the normal force
from 1N to 5 N by adding more load weights) Take at least 3 readings and
calculate the mean value as well as the standard deviation.

 Experiment 2

1) Insert friction plate in the carriage.

2) Completely unwind the cable from the cable drum (small) and move the carriage
to its start position.
-2-
 3) Place the friction body of Aluminum; weight 1N (rough side) on the friction plate
and connect the cable leading to the dynamometer.
4) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates, take the highest
value.
5) Change the cable drum from small to big cable drum.
6) Place the friction body of Aluminum; weight 1N (rough side) on the friction plate
and connect the cable leading to the dynamometer.
7) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates, take the highest
value.
8) Take at least 3 readings and calculate the mean value as well as the standard
deviation.

 E xperiment 3

1) Set up the unit on an even surface and connect it to the main.

2) Insert friction plate in the carriage.
3) Completely unwind the cable from the cable drum (small) and move the carriage
to its start position. Use the small cable drum.
4) Place the friction body Aluminum; weight 1N (smooth side) on the friction plate
and connect the cable leading to the dynamometer.
5) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates,take the highest
value.
6) Change the friction body of Aluminum; weight 1 N from smooth side to rough side.
7) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates,take the highest
value.
8) Take at least 3 readings and calculate the mean value as well as the standard
deviation.

E xperiment 4

1) Set up the unit on an even surface and connect it to the main.

2) Insert friction plate in the carriage.
3) Completely unwind the cable from the cable drum (small) and move the carriage
to its start position. Use the small cable drum.
4) Place the broad side of friction body Aluminum; weight 1N (smooth side) on the
friction plate and connect the cable leading to the dynamometer.
5) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates,take the highest
value.
6) Change the broad side of friction body to narrow side on the friction plate and
connect the cable leading to the dynamometer.
7) Turn on the motor. When the force display has settled and shows a constant
value, read off the friction force (FR). If the display fluctuates,take the highest
value.
8) Take at least 3 readings and calculate the mean value as well as the
standard deviation.
3. DISCUSSIONS :
 Based on result of experiment, tabulate Friction force vs the Normal Force
 Calculate coefficient of friction by formula below:
𝑓 = 𝜇𝑁
Where:
f = friction force
µ = coefficient of friction
N = Normal force

4. DISCUSSION
Discuss the results obtained by relating the result with the theory

5. REFERENCE
3 references in form of books or scientific publications that support the results should be
provided in the report