14.1.

3 TOOL GUIDING AND CUTTER SETTING ARRANGEMENT

The cutter i ,. set relative to the work in a fixture by adjusting the machine
or by using the cutter setting block. The tools are guided in jigs by drill
bushes which are fitted on the jig plates. There are different types of jig
bushes ·: fixed bush, slip bush, liner bush, renewable bush, and screw or
_clamp bush.

Fixed bush : The fixed bush, illustrated in Fig.14.24, fits directly into the
jig plate and is used to guide the tool. The bush can guide only one tool
and the life of the jig and the life of the bush is estimated to be same~ The
fixed bushes are available from the lowest range to _63 mm of bore
diameter and the length of the bush ranges from 6 to 36 mm .
·
. -

'\
~;x) :

~ - i .,

1 hf UND.ERCUT ON
11 t 12 DIAMETER -AND
0 - FACE
30
I
1

1..-d,.,_,... .,.._-d2I-...
. d 2 I -....
..,__di.I-_.,.

Figure 14.24 Fixed bush Figure 14.25 Slip ~bush_

d 1• Bore dia, d2 • Outside dia, · d 1• Bore dia, d 2 • Outside dia, . ·
d-3 . Flange dia, J1• Overall length, d3 • Flange dia, d4 _Overall length,
I.,_, Length, I. Undercut. 12 . Length.
 JIGS ANO FIXTURES 527
Slip bush : The slip bu h .
. f . . F'
s ' illustrated 10
conJune ton with a liner bush t . •g.14.25, is commonly used in
vanable bore. diameters arc ftt od gu. ade .the tool : The slip bushes having
I
too Is th mug h the same hole ofe . on ..a Imer bush to receive. two or more
th
from rotation by friction · h ~ Jtg body · The slip bush is presented
w, t the h ner b h Th . - .
f rom t he lowest range to 4S us · e sltp bushes are available
mm of bore diameter.
Liner
.
bush . •• Th e lmer. bush,
illustrated . 1n. .. Fig. l 4. 26 , f 1.ts
penn~nent 1y mto Jig plate and receives
the. shp bush. The liner bush can a1so
guide a tool independently. The I
bushes are ayailable from the lowest ·
range to 63 mm of bore diameter.

Renewable bush : These type of

bushes are replaced after the wear due ·
.
'

~
1
~
l
to usage. A retaining screw is removed
and the worn -out bush is taken out. A Figure 14.26 Liner bush
new bush of the saine ; dimension 1s d1 • Bore dia, d,,.
- Outside dia '
replaced and the retaining screw- 1s 1. Overa_ll length ..
tightened.

Screw bush : These type or bushes are also of renewable type. They are
replaced as and when they are worn -out. ·These contain threads on their
outer diameter arid can be,, easily removed and replaced.

14.14 FOOL-PROOFING :

The fool-proofing means designing of jig and fixture with such devices so
as to make it impossible for an operator to insert a component into a jig or
a fixture in any position other than the correct one_.. The arrangement
prevents· the accidental error of the operator from spotlmg the work. The
fool proofing is accomplished by -~sing fouling pegs, crc~ss frames, ~ins or
abutments arranged within the .JIS, and they do not interfere with the
correct location of the work.

14.15 EJECTION
·· d f' t ·ar·e designed to eject heavy workpieces mechanically
Th e Jigs
. . an ix ures . and ·labour of the. operator. The
ed This saves tune
w hen 1t 1s used unc 1amp · ·
ejection of components are accomplished.by _wedges, spring loaded or can
actuated_plungers.

14.16 SWARF REMOVAL

The jigs and fixtures must be designed to have arrangement for swarf
removal as the accumulation of swarf under the jig base or on the table can
defonn the work on clamping, affect the accuracy of location, and cause
wastage in time if the swarf ·is removed by · hand after each cut. The
removal of .chips from jigs and fixtures can be accompli~hed . by the
following methods.

1. By the designing _the shape of the jig parts to enable the chips to
fall out by gravity.
-
2. By making holes in the jig body for swarf removal.
3. By .undercutting the comers to clear the work.
4. ·By using raised supports or buttons for location.
5. By applying air blast at the cutting edges of the tool.
6. By applyin~ air suction at_the cutting edges.
7. By using fixed wi_pers on_the fixture.
8. By maintaining marginal clearance between the'jig body and the
component.