Exam 2: Details

Slide 1:Emotion
-60 questions

Emotional Expression: diffuclut to understand

emotion in infants—infants are capable of
experiencing expressions but when talk about
social referencing we talk about how children
emotional states will reflect those of there parents
◦ motions in infancy: crying, laughter,
-Attachement Styles- is it biological or emotional
attachment
◦ Biological Instinct
⁃ Harlow & Harlow Study:
◦ Emotional Instinct: is it an emotional intention
◦ Erikson’s Trust vs. Mistrust Crisis
◦ Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Research
⁃ Secure vs. Insecure Attachemnt
Secure:
Insecure:
⁃ Synchrony:
⁃ Stranger Wariness: apart of normal attachment —
⁃ Separation Anxiety
◦ Personality and Temperament:

Cognitive Development
◦ Brain Development: myflenation and specialization
 ◦ Language and Grammar
⁃ Vygotsky: grammar and the ability to speak fluently
is needed to have complex reasoning skills — did
scaffolding to get children’s zone of proximal
development — make sure that you offer
assistance when a child ventures our of these
comfort zone
⁃ ZPD:
◦ Piaget’s Theory
⁃ Pre-Operational Stage
Symbolic Reasoning: develop the ability to see the
world in symbols and images,
But Lack: logical thinking
Centration: only pay attention to one thing at a
time
Ex. Conservation Error: pour water from a large
glass to a tall skinny glass
Animistic Thinking: when you see everything
to being alive
Appearance as Reality: idea when something
changes appearance it changes reality
Egocentrism: lack of ability to understand the world
Irreversibility:

Social Development
◦ Erikson’s Autonomy and Initiative Crisis
◦ Play Styles:
⁃ Solitary
⁃ Onlooker
⁃ Parallel
⁃ Assocaitve
⁃ Cooperative
◦ Prosocial Behavior: when wee do nice things for
each other b
⁃ Altruism: we help all the people out
◦ Gender Identity
⁃ Learning Theories
Nature vs. Nurture
⁃ Biological Theories
◦ Gender Understanding
⁃ KoJLner’g stage (Labeling, Stability, Consistency,
Constancy)

Social Development
◦ Active v.s Passive
◦ Direct vs. Indirect
◦ A

Parenting Sytles
Authoritarian:
Authoritative: better outcome (not non come)
Authoritative
Permissive
Rejecting / Neglecting