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(Chapter – 2) (Polynomials)(Exemplar Problems)

(Class – X)

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Question 5:
If 𝑥 − √5 is a factor of the cubic polynomial 𝑥 3 − 3√5𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 3√5, then
find all the zeroes of the polynomial.

Answer 5:
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 3√5𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 3√5 and given that, (𝑥 − √5) is a one of the
factor of f(x).
Now, using division algorithm.

𝑥 2 − 2√5𝑥 + 3
𝑥 − √5 𝑥 3 − 3√5𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 3√5
_ 𝑥 3 ∓ √5𝑥 2
− 2√5𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 3√5
∓ 2√5𝑥 2 ± 10𝑥
13𝑥 − 3√5
_ 13𝑥 ∓ 3√5
0

∴𝑥 3 − 3√5𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 3√5 = (𝑥 2 − 2√5𝑥 + 3) × (𝑥 − √5) + 0

[∵ Dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]
= (𝑥 − √5)[𝑥 2 − {(√5 + √2) + (√5 − √2}𝑥 + 3]
= (𝑥 − √5)[𝑥 2 − (√5 − √2)𝑥 − (√5 − √2)𝑥 + (√5 + √2)(√5 − √2)]
[∵ 3 = (√5 + √2)(√5 − √2)]

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(Chapter – 2) (Polynomials)(Exemplar Problems)

(Class – X)

= (𝑥 − √5)[𝑥{𝑥 − (√5 + √2)} − (√5 − √2){𝑥 − (√5 + √2)}]

= (𝑥 − √5){𝑥 − (√5 + √2)}{𝑥 − (√5 − √2)}
Hence, all the zeroes of polynomial are √5, (√5 + √2) and (√5 − √2).

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