TALLER DE ESTÁTICA

1.
F A=45 N
F B=75 N

2 2
R =√( 45 N ) + (75 N ) −2 ( 45 )( 75 ) ⋅cos 145 °
⃗

R =114,80 N
⃗

R FB 114,80 N 75 N
= =
o
sin 145 sin β sin 145 ° sin β

75 N∗sin 145o
sin β= sin β=0,375
114,80 N
β=22,02 °

α =25 ° + β α =25 ° +22,02° α =47,02o

2.
 2 2
R =√( 100 N ) + ( 150 N ) −2 ( 100 )( 150 ) ⋅ cos 115 °
⃗

R =212,55 N
⃗

R F2 212,55 N 150 N
= =
o
sin 115 sin β sin115 ° sin β

150 N∗sin 115 o

sin β= sin β=0,639
212,55 N
β=39,71 °

α =15 ° + β α =15 ° +39,71° α =54,71o

3.
 F 1=(300 N )ⅈ
⃗
F 2=¿
⃗
4 3
F 3=−250 N
⃗
5 ()
ⅈ+250 N
5
j ()

4 3
[
F R = 300+ 400∗cos 30 0−250
⃗
5 ( )]
ⅈ + 400∗sin 30o +250
[5 ( )] j
F R =( 446,4 i+350 j ) N
⃗

2 2
FR= √( 446,4 ) + ( 350 )
FR=567,3 N
350
tan−1 ( 446,4 )=θ
θ=38,1°

4.
Ángulos:

α =tan−1 ( 800
840 )
=43 , 60 o
β=tan−1 ( 43 )=53 , 13 o
θ=tan −1 ( 125 )=22 ,62 o

 Para A= ⃗
FA

Fx=725 N∗cos ⁡(43,60° )=(−525,02 N ) i

⃗

Fy=725 N∗sin ⁡(43,60 ° ) ¿ ( 499,97 N ) j

⃗
  Para B= ⃗
FB

Fx=500 N∗cos (53,13 ° )=(−300 N ) i

⃗

Fy=500 N∗sin ( 53,13 ° )=(−399,99 N ) j

⃗

 Para C= ⃗
FC

Fx=780 N∗cos (22,62 ° )=( 719,99 N ) i

⃗

Fy=780 N∗sin ( 22,62 ° )=(−300 N ) j

⃗

 ⃗
Rx=[ −525,02−300+719,99 ] N

Rx=(−105,03 N )i
⃗

 ⃗
Ry=[ 499,97−399,99−300 ] N

Ry=(−200,02 N ) j
⃗

2 2
FR= √( 105,03 ) + ( 200,02 ) N
FR=225,92 N

tan−1 ( 200,02
105,03 )
=θ

θ=62,29°

5.
 Para A= ⃗
FA

Fx=60 lb∗cos ⁡(25 °)=(54,38 lb) i

⃗

Fy=60 lb∗sin ⁡(25° ) ¿ ( 25,36 lb ) j

⃗

 Para B= ⃗
FB

Fx=40 lb∗cos ( 60° ) =( 20lb ) i

⃗

Fy=40 lb∗sin ( 60 ° )= (−34,64 lb ) j

⃗

 Para C= ⃗
FC

Fx=50 lb∗sin ( 50° ) =(−38,30 lb ) i

⃗
Fy=50 lb∗cos ( 50 ° )=(−32,14 lb ) j
⃗

 ⃗
Rx=[ 54,38+ 20−38,30 ] lb

Rx=(36,08 lb)i
⃗

 ⃗
Ry=[ 25,36−34,64−32,14 ] lb

Ry=(−41,42lb ) j
⃗

2 2
FR= √( 36,08 ) + (−41,42 ) lb
FR=55,41 lb

tan−1 ( 41,42
36,08 )
=θ

θ=49 °

6.
 Para A= ⃗
FA

Fx=200 N∗cos ⁡(35 ° )=(−163,83 N )i

⃗

Fy=200 N∗sin ⁡(35 °) ¿ (−114,71 N ) j

⃗

 Para B= ⃗
FB

Fx=150 N∗cos (65 ° )= ( 63,39 N ) i

⃗

Fy=150 N∗sin ( 65 ° )=(−135,95 N ) j

⃗

 Para C= ⃗
FC

Fx=100 N∗cos (35 ° )= ( 81,91 N ) i

⃗

Fy=100 N∗sin ( 35 ° )=(−57,36 N ) j

⃗
  ⃗
Rx=[ −163,83+63,39+81,91 ] N

Rx=(−18,53 N )i
⃗

 ⃗
Ry=[ −114,71−135,95−57,36 ] N

Ry=(−308,02 N ) j
⃗

2 2
R =√ (−18,53 ) + (−308,02 ) N
⃗

R =308,58 N
⃗

tan−1 ( 308,02
18,53 )
=θ

θ=86,56 °

7.

 Para A= ⃗
FA

Fx=60 lb∗cos ⁡(20 °)=(56,38 lb) i

⃗

Fy=60 lb∗sin ⁡(20° ) ¿ ( 20,52lb ) j

⃗

 Para B= ⃗
FB

Fx=80 lb∗cos ( 60 ° )=( 40 lb ) i

⃗

Fy=80 lb∗sin ( 60 ° )=( 69,28 lb ) j

⃗
  Para C= ⃗
FC

Fx=120 lb∗cos ( 30 ° )=( 103,92 lb ) i

⃗

Fy=50 lb∗sin ( 30 ° )=(−60 lb ) j

⃗

 ⃗
Rx=[ 56,38+ 40+103,92 ] lb

29,8
Rx=(200,3 lb)i
⃗ tan−1 ( 200,3 )=θ
 ⃗
Ry=[ 20,52+69,28−60 ] lb θ=8,46 °

Ry=(29,8 lb) j
⃗
2 2
R =√( 200,3 ) + ( 29,8 ) lb
⃗

R =202,50lb
⃗

8.

F 1=(175 N ) j
⃗
F 2=¿
⃗
F 3=¿
⃗
F 4=¿
⃗

FRx=(−61,8 N −101,1 N + 40,1 N )i=(−122,8 N )i

⃗

FRy=(175 N +20,1 N −73,4 N−86,1 N ) j= (35,6N) j

⃗

FR=¿ √ ( 122,8 )2+ ( 35,6 )2 N

⃗ FR=¿ 127,8N
⃗
 35,6 35,6
tan α=
122,8
α =tan−1 ( 122,8 ) α =24,3o

9.

h=¿ √ ( 800 )2 + ( 600 )2 = 1000

Ax 800
cos θ=
800 N
A x =800 N ( 1000 ) Ax=( 640 N ) ⅈ

Ay 600
sin θ=
800 N
A y =800 N ( 1000 ) Ay=( 480 N ) j

h=¿ √ ( 480 )2 + ( 900 )2 = 1020

 Ax 480
cos β=
408 N
A x =408 N ( 1020 ) Ax=( 190 N ) ⅈ

Ay 900
sin β=
408 N
A y =408 N ( 1020 ) Ay=( 360 N ) j

h=¿ √ ( 900 )2 + ( 560 )2 = 1060

Ax 560
cos α=
424 N
A x =424 N ( 1060 ) Ax=( 224 N ) ⅈ

Ay 900
sin α =
424 N
A y =424 N ( 1060 ) Ay=( 360 N ) j

Rx=¿ [ 640 N +190 N + 224 N ] = (1054N)ⅈ

⃗

Ry=[ 480 N +360 N + 360 N ] = (1200N) j

⃗

FR=¿ √ ( 1054 )2 + ( 1200 )2 N

⃗ FR=¿ 1597,2N
⃗

1200
σ =tan−1 ( 1054 ) σ =48,71 °
10.
11.
Ta n−1 ( 34 )=θ
θ=36,86 °

*TBAX= TBA*Cos (36,86°)

TBAX= 0,80*TBA
*TBAY= TBA*Sin (36,86°)
TBAY=0,60*TBA
*TBCX= TBC*Cos (45°)
TBCX= 0,71*TBC
*TBCY= TBC*Sin (45°)
TBCY= 0.71*TBC
ΣFx=0

-TBAX + TBCX = 0
ΣFy=0

TBAY + TBCY – W = 0
*Ec1: -0.80*TBA + 0.71*TBC = 0 (0.60)
*Ec2: 0.60*TBA + 0.71*TBC = 450N (0.80)
-0.48*TBA + 0.43TBC = 0
0.48*TBA + 0.54TBC = 360N
0.97*TBC = 360N
 360 N
TBC= 0.97

TBC= 371.13N
-0.80*TBA + 0.71(371.13N) = 0
-0.80*TBA + 263.50N = 0
−263.50 N
TBA= −0.80

TBA= 329.37N
RTA/ Como ingeniero civil la decisión sería que, si se usen los cables, ya
que soportan las tensiones especificadas, haciendo que sean óptimos para
el trabajo.

12.
∑ Fx=0

TACX -TABX = 0 Ec.1

Ta n−1 ( 34 )=θ
∑ Fy=0 θ=36,86 °

TACY + TABY – W = 0 Ec.2

*TACX= TAC*Cos (36,86°)
*Ec.1
TACX= 0,80*TAC
0,80*TAC – 0,86*TAB = 0
*TACY= TAC*Sin (36,86°)
*Ec.2
TACY=0,60*TAC
0,60*TAC + 0,5*TAB = 550lb *TABX= TAB*Cos (30°)
Despejamos TAC de Ec.1 TABX= 0,86*TAB (-)
0,80*TAC – 0,86*TAB = 0 *TABY= 0,5*TAB
0,866∗TAB
TAC= 0,80

TAC=1,08*TAB Ec.3

TAC= 1,08(479,09Lb)
TAC= 517,42Lb
Reemplazamos 3 en 2
0,60(1,08*TAB) + 0,5*TAB = 550lb
0,648*TAB + 0,5*TAB 0 550lb
550
TAB= 1,148 TAB=479,09Lb

13.
∑ Fx=0

P*Sin (30°)–T*Cos (35°) +300*Sin (20°) =0

0,5*P – 0,81*T= -102,60Lb Ec.1
ΣF y =0

P*Cos (30°) +T*Sin (35°)-300*Cos (20°) = 0

0,866*P+0,57*T = 281,90Lb Ec. 2
Despejando P en Ec.1
0,5*P = 0,81*T – 102,60Lb
0,81∗T −102,60 Lb
P= 0,5

P= 1,62*T – 205,2Lb
Reemplazando P en Ec.2
0,866(1,62*T-205,2Lb) +0,57*T=281,90Lb
1,4*T-177,7Lb+0,57*T = 281,90Lb
1,97*T = 459,6Lb
459,6 Lb
T= 1,97

T=233,29Lb
P= 1,62(233,29Lb) – 205,2Lb
P= 172,73Lb

14.
∑ Fx=0

FB – FA*Cos (50°) + 650Lb*Cos (50°9 = 0

FB – 0,64*FA + 417,81Lb = 0 Ec.1
ΣFy=0

FA*Sin (50°) – 650Lb*Sin (50°) – 500Lb = 0

FA*0,76 – 497,93Lb – 500Lb = 0 Ec.2
FA*0,76 = 997,93Lb
997,93 Lb
FA= 0,76

FA= 1302,70Lb
*FB – 0,64(1302,90Lb) + 417,81Lb = 0
FB – 833,73Lb + 417,81Lb = 0
FB= 833,73Lb – 417,81Lb
FB= 415,92Lb
15.
P= 48Lb
∑ Fx=−48 lb+Tx=0

Tx= 48Lb
∑ Fy=−50 lb+ Ty = 0

Ty= 50lb
θ=Ta n−1 ( TxTy )
θ=Ta n−1 ( 5048lblb )
θ=46,16 °

tan(46,16 ° )=20∈ ¿ ¿
X

X =20∈ ¿
tan( 46,16° ) X= 19,20in
¿
16.
a) c)
∑ F x =0 ∑ F x =0

∑ F y =0 ∑ F y =0

T AB+ T −W =0 T +T +T −W =0

T + T =W T +T +T =W
2 T =600lb 3 T =600lb

T =300 LBT =200 LB

b) d)
∑ F x =0 ∑ F x =0

∑ F y =0 ∑ F y =0

T AB+ T −W =0 T +T +T −W =0

T + T =W T +T +T =W
2 T =600lb 3 T =600lb

T =300 LBT =200 LB

e)
∑ F x =0

∑ F y =0

T + T +T +T −W =0

T + T +T +T =W

4 T =600 lb T =150 LB
17.
A= [20i + 0j – 15k]
P= [0i + 40j +0k]
D= |AP| = P – A
D= |AP| = [ (0-20) i + (40-0) j + (0-(-15)) k]
D= |AP| = [ -20i + 40j + 15k]
D= |AP| = √ (−20 )2 + ( 40 )2+ ( 15 )2
D= |AP| = 47,16m
|F|
F= d
( Dx+ Dy+ Dz )

|3.45 kN|
F= 47.16 m (-20i + 40j + 15k) m

F= -1.46KNi + 2.93KNj + 1.10KNk

Ahora hallamos los ángulos mediante los cosenos directores:

−1.46 KN
θx=cos−1 ( )
3.45 KN

 θx=115.03 °

2.93 KN
θy=cos−1 ( )
3.45 KN

 θy=32.0 °

1.10 KN
θz=cos−1 ( )
3.45 KN

 θz=71.41 °

18.
d AB= |AB| = [ 40i - 45j + 60k]in |AB|= 85in
d AC = |AC| = [ 100i - 45j + 60k]in |AC|= 125in
F AB =
|510 Lb|
85∈¿ ¿
(40i - 45j + 60k) in
F AB = [ 240i - 270j + 360k]lb

F AC
|425 Lb|
= 125∈¿ ¿
(40i - 45j + 60k) in
F AC= [ 340i - 153j + 204k]lb

R = F AB + F AC
R = [580i – 423j + 564k]lb
R = 912.92lb
Ahora hallamos los ángulos mediante los cosenos directores:
580 lb
θx=cos−1 ( )
912.92lb

 θx=50.55 °

423 lb
θy=cos−1 ( )
912.92lb

 θy=117.60 °

564 lb
θz=cos−1 ( )
912.92lb

 θz=51.84 °

19.
d BA= |BA| = [ 320 i + 480 j – 360 k]mm |BA|= 680mm
d CA = |CA| = [ -450 i + 480 j – 360 k]mm |CA|= 750mm
d DA= |DA| = [ -250 i + 480 j + 360 k]mm |BA|= 650mm
TBA
TBA = 680 mm (320i + 480j - 360k) mm

TBA = [ 0.47*T BAi + 0.70T BAj – 0.53T BAk] N

60 N
TCA = 750 mm (-450i + 480j - 360k) mm

TCA = [ -36i + 38.4j – 28.8k] N

TDA
TDA = 650 mm (-250i + 480j + 360k) mm

TDA = [ -0.38*T DA i + 0.73*T DA j + 0.55*T DA k] N

ΣFx = 0

0.47*TBA -0.38*TDA – 36N = 0 Ec.1

ΣFy=0

0.70*TBA + 0.73*TDA + 38.4N – W = 0 Ec.2

ΣFz=0

-0.53*TBA + 0.55*TDA – 28.8N = 0 Ec.3

Despejamos TBA de Ec.1:

0.38∗TDA +36 N
TBA= 0.47

TBA= 0.81*TDA + 76.6N

Reemplazamos TBA en Ec.3:

-0.53(0.81*TDA + 76.6N) +0.55*TDA = 28.8N
-0.43*TDA + 0.55*TDA= 28.8N + 40.6N
0.12*TDA = 69.4N
TDA= 578.33N
TBA= 0.81(578.33N) +76.6N
TBA= 545.04N
W= 0.70(545.04N) +0.73(578.33N) +38.4N

W= 842.10N Peso de la placa

20.
TADY = TAD x Cos 30° (+)
TADXZ = TAD*Sin 30°
T AD TADX = TADXZ* Sin 50° (+)
T ADY TADX = TAD* (Sin 30°) (Sin 50°)
TADZ = TADXZ. Cos 50° (-)
T ADXZ TADZ = TAD* (Sin 30°) ( Cos 50°)

TAD = [ 0.38T ADi + 0.87T ADj - 0,32T ADk] Lb

TBDY = TBD x Cos 30° (+)

TBDXZ = TBD*Sin 30°
 T BD TBDX = TBDXZ*Cos 40° (+)
T BDY TBDX = TBD*Sin 30°. Cos 40°
TBDZ = TBDXZ*Sin 40° (-)
T BDXZ TBDZ = TBD* Sin 30°* Cos 40°

TBD = [ -0.38T BDi + 0.87T BDj - 0,32T BDk] Lb

TCDY = TCD * Cos 30° (+)

TCDXZ = TCD* Sin 30°
T CD TCDX = TCD*(Sen 30°) (Cos 60°) (-)
T CDY TCDZ = TCD*(Sen 30°) (Sin 60°)

T CDXZ

TCD = [ -0.25T CDi + 0.87T CDj + 0,43T CDk] Lb

W = -60Lb
∑ F x =0

0,38TAD – 0,38TBD - 0,25TCD = 0

∑ F y =0

0,87 TAD + 0,87 TBD – 60Lb =0

∑ F z =0

-0,32 TAD – 0,32 TBD + 0,43 TCD = 0

TAD TBD TCD

0,38 −0,38 −0,25=0 TAD=29,44 Lb

0,87 0,87 0,87=60 TBD=10,09 Lb
−0,32 −0,32 0,43=0 TCD=29,42 Lb

21.

d BA = [ 320i + 480j - 360k] mm d BA = 680mm

d CA = [ -450i + 480j - 360k] mm d CA = 750mm
d DA= [ -250i + 480j + 360k] mm d DA = 650mm

TBA
TBA = 680 mm [ 320i + 480j - 360k] mm

TBA = [ 0,47TBA + 0,70TBA – 0,53TBA] N

TCA
TCA = 750 mm [ -450i + 480j - 360k] mm

TCA = [ - 0,6TCA + 0,64TCA – 0,48TCA] N

TDA
TDA = 650 mm [ -250i + 480j + 360k] mm

TDA = [ - 0,38TDA + 0,74TDA + 0,55TDA] N

W = 842.8N
∑ F x=0
0,47TBA – 0,6TCA – 0,38TDA = 0
∑ F y =0
0,70TBA + 0,64TCA + 0,74TDA = 842,8N
∑ F z=0
-0,53TBA – 0,48TCA + 0,55TDA = 0

TBA = 541,51N
TCA = 60,34N
TDA = 574,49N

R/ Sabiendo que 2 de los 3 cales que levantan la placa se podrían partir

debido a la tensión que sobre ellos está presente; nosotros como
ingenieros recomendaríamos cambiar estos 2 cables de tensión máxima
de 400N, por 2 cables que puedan soportar tensiones mucho mayores a
400N con el fin de que el cable sea óptimo para soportar tensiones de este
grado e incluso mayores para así no tener ningún percance durante la
ejecución de la obra.

22.
MFA – D = 700Lb. 3,5ft = 2450lb.ft (+)
MFB – D = 450Lb. 3ft = 1350lb.ft (-)
MFC – D = 400Lb. 4ft = 1600lb.ft (-)
MR = MFA + MFB + MFC
MR = [2450lb.ft] + [-1350lb.ft] + [-1600lb.ft]
 MR = 500Lb.ft. (-)
M1max = MFB – D + MFC – D
M1max = [-1350lb.ft] + [-1600lb.ft]
M1max = -2950lb.ft
M2max = MFA – D
M2max = 2450lb.ft
M3max = MFA – D + MFC – D
M3max = [2450lb.ft] + [-1600lb.ft]
M3max = 850lb.ft

23.

+ M R 0 = ∑ F∗D

M R 0 = -50N (2m) + 60N (0) + 20N (3m (Sin 30°)) – 40N (4m
+ 3m (Sen 30°))
M R 0 = 334N.m −¿

24.
MF1 – B = 375Lb (11ft)
MF1 – B = 4125Lb.ft
4
MF2 – B = 500Lb ( 5 ). (5ft)

MF2 – B = 200Lb.ft
MF3 – B = (160Lb.Sen 30°9). (0,5ft)
MF3 – B = 40Lb.ft

25.
MFB – A = (30Lb. Cos 25°) (2,5ft)
MFB – A = 67,97 Lb.ft
MFC – A = (45Lb. Cos 30°) (3,25ft)
MFC – A = 126,6 Lb.ft
MR = MFB – A + MFB – A
MR = (67,97 Lb.ft) + (126,6Lb.ft)
MR = 194,57 Lb.ft (+)

26.

d = 60 i + 75 j + 0 k
F = [(-200. Cos 30°) j + (200. Sen 30°) k] N
F = (-173,20N) j + (100N) k
F = [0 i – 173,20 j +100 k] N
 i −j k
M= 60 75 0
0 −173,20 100

Mi = (75*100) - 0
Mi = 7500N.mmj
Mj = -(60*100) - 0
Mj = -600N.mmj
M k = (60) (-173*20) - 0

M k = -1039N.mmk

M = [7,5i - 6j - 10,39k] N.m

27.

M21M = 21Lb. 16in

M21M = 336Lb.in (+)

MP21 + MP12 = 0

MP21 - MP12 = 0

336Lb.in – 12Lb. d = 0
D = 28in

MP21 + MP12 = -72Lb.in

336Lb.in - 12Lb. d = -72Lb.in

336Lb.in - 12Lb. (42. Sen α) = -72Lb.in

¿
Sen α = −72 Lb.∈−336 Lb .∈−504 Lb .∈¿ ¿ ¿
−408
α = Sen−1( −504 )

α = 54,05°

28.

∑ FX=0
RAX = 0
∑ FY =0
RAY – 7N + 3.6N – 1,8N + RBY = 0
RAY + RBY = 5,2N
∑ MA =0
(3.6N) (1,5m) + (–1,8N) (3,5M) – 6N.m + RBY (6,9m) = 0
6,9 N . m
RBY = 6,9 m

RBY = 1N
RAY = 5,2N – 1N
RAY = 4,2N

29.

∑ FX=0
FAX + 7N. Cos 60°
FAX = -3,5N
∑ FY =0
FAY – 2N + 4N – FBY + 7N. Sin 60° = 0
FAY + 2N – FBY + 6,06N = 0 Ó FAY + 8,06N = FBY
FAY – FBY = - 8,06N
∑ MA =0
(–2N) (3m) + (4N) (5m) + (7N. Sen 60°) (6m) – FBY (Fm) = 0
-6N.m + 20N.m + 36, 37N.m – FBY. 6m = 0
58, 37N.m – FBY. 6m = 0
FBY = - 8,39N
FAY – (-8,39N) = - 8,06N
FAY + 8,39N = - 8,06N
FAY = - 16,45N

30.

∑ FX=0
RBY = 0
∑ FY =0
RAY – 15N + RBY – 6N -6N = 0
RAY + RBY = 27N
∑ MA =0
(–15N) (3ft) + (RBY) (9ft) + (–6N) (11ft) + (–6N) (13ft) = 0
139 N . ft
RBY = 9 ft

RBY = 21N
RAY = 27N – 21N
RAY = 6N

31.
∑ Fx=0
Ax=7 N

∑ Fy=0
Ay – 2 N + 4 N – 5 N +By = 0

Ay + By=3 N
∑ MA =0
(–2 N) (3m) + (4 N) (5m) + (–5 N) (6m) + By (6m) = 0

−16 N . m
By = 6m

By = -2,67 N

Ay–2,67N = 3 N
 Ay = 5,67 N

32.
Σ M A =¿(15Lb*22in)
+(20lb*16in) +(35lb*8in) +(20lb*0in)+(-
15lb*6in) – T*6in= 0
Σ M A =¿ 840lb*in – T*6in= 0
840 lb∗¿
T= 6∈¿ ¿

T= 140Lb
ΣFx=0

R A x= 0

ΣFy=0

ΣFy=¿ -15lb – 20lb – 35lb – 20lb – 15lb + RAY – 140lb= 0

R A y = 245lb

33.
FIGURA ÁREA (in2) X(in) Y(in) Ax Ay
Rectángul
21*15=315 22.5 7.5 7087.5 2362.5
o
12∗15
Triángulo 2
= 90 8 5 720 450
ΣA=405 ΣAx=7807.5 ΣAy=2812.5
 7807.5∈¿ 3
X= 405
¿ X= 19.27in
2812.5∈¿ 3
Y= 405
¿ Y= 6.94in

34.
FIGURA ÁREA (in2) X(in) Y(in) Ax Ay
Rectángulo
9*12=108 6 4.5 648 486
Grande
Rectángulo
3*6=18(-) 3 7.5 -54 -135
Pequeño
12∗6
Triángulo 2
=36(-) ( 23 ) 12=8 ( 13 ) 6=2 -288 -72

ΣA=54 ΣAx=306 ΣAy=279

306∈¿3
X= 54
¿ X= 5.67in
279∈¿ 3
Y= 54
¿ Y= 5.17in

FIGURA ÁREA (mm3) X(mm) Y(mm) Ax Ay

Rectángulo 210*30=6300 105 15 661500 94500
Rectángulo 300*30= 9000 225 150 2025000 1350000
ΣA=15300 ΣAx=2686500 ΣAy=1444500

2686500 mm3
X= 15300
X= 175.59mm
 1444500mm 3
Y= 15300
Y= 94.41mm

35.

FIGURA ÁREA X AX
Rectángulo #1 6KN/m * 1.5m= 9KN 0.75m 6.75KN*m
Rectángulo #2 9KN/m * 3m= 27KN 3m 81KN*m
Rectángulo #3 3KN/m*1.5m=4.5KN 5.25m 23.625KN*m
ΣA=40.5 KN ΣAx=111.375 KN∗m
INCISO A

111.375 KN∗m
X= 40.5 KN

X= 2.75m

ΣFx=0

RAX= 0
ΣFy=0

RAY + RBY – 40.5KN*m = 0

 RAY + RBY = 40.5KN

ΣMA=0

-40.5KN*1.25m + RBY*3m = 0
RBy = 16.875KN
RAy = 23.625KN

ΣFx=0

RAX= 0
ΣFy=0

9KN + RAY + RBY – 27KN – 4.5KN = 0

RAY + RBY = 40.5KN
ΣMA=0

(0.75m) (9KN) + (-27KN) (1.5m) + RBY*3m +(- 4.5KN)

(3.75m) = 0

50.625 KN ∗m
RBY= 3

RBy = 16.875KN
RAy = 23.625KN
INCISO B.
FIGURA ÁREA X AX

6 m∗3 KN /m 2
Triángulo 2
= 9KN 3
(6) = 4m 36KN*m

Rectángulo 1.5KN/m*6m = 9KN 3m 27KN*m

ΣA=18 KN ΣAx=63 KN∗m

63 KN ∗m
X= 18 KN X= 3,5m

ΣFx=0

RBX= 0
ΣFy=0

RAY + RBY = 18KN

63 KN ∗m
ΣMA=0 RBY = 6m

(-18KN*3,5m) + RBY*6m = 0 RBY= 10,5KN

RAY= 7,5KN
INCISO C.
FIGURA ÁREA X AX

1 150 lb 4 ft 600 lb.ft

2 900 lb 3 ft 2700 lb.ft

ΣA=1050 lb ΣAx=3300 lb . ft

3300lb . ft
X= 1050 lb X= 3,142 ft

ΣFx=0

BX= 0
ΣFy=0

AY – 1050 lb – 500 lb +BY = 0

AY + BY = 1550 LB
ΣMA=0

(-1050 lb x 3,142 ft) – 500 lb x 9 ft + (BY)12 ft = 0

7799,1lb. ft
BY = 12 lb = 649,925 lb

AY = 1550 lb – 649,925 lb = 900,075 lb

36.
a) T ADX = 110.3 N
110,3 N
T ADXZ =
sin 300

T AD 30° T ADXZ = 143,98 N

110.3 N
T ADy tan50 0=
T AD Z

110.3 N
T AD Z =
tan50 0
= -92,55 N
T ADXZ

T AD XZ
 s∈30o=
T AD
T ADXZ 50°
T AD Z

143,98 N
T AD= = 287,96 N T ADx
s ∈30 o

T ADy ¿ 287,96 N x cos 30 o= 249,38 N

Ahora hallamos los cosenos directores:
110,3
 θx=cos−1 (
287,96
) θx=67 °

249,38
 θy=cos−1 (
287,96
) θy=30 °

−92,55
 θz=cos−1 (
287,96
) θz=108 °

b)
 T CDXZ ¿ 60 lb⋅sin 300 =30lb

30° T CDy ¿ 60 lb ⋅cos 30 0=¿ 52lb (+)

T CDy T CD T CDz ¿ 30 lb⋅ sin 600 =¿ 26lb (+)
T CDx¿ 30 lb⋅cos 60 0=¿ 15lb (–)

T CDXZ

60° T CDXZ

T CDx

T CDz

Ahora hallamos los cosenos directores:

−15
 θx=cos−1 (
60
) θx=104 °

52
 θy=cos−1 (
60
) θy=30 °

26
 θz=cos−1 (
60
) θz=64 °
37.

AC= ( 0,0,32 )−( 0 ,−60,0 )

⃗

AC=¿[ 0i, 60j, 32k]

⃗

λAC =¿ 0i +60 j +32k

2 2
¿ √ ( 60 ) + ( 32 )
60 j 32 k
¿ +
68 68

¿0i +0,882 j +0,470k

TAC = |TAC| λAC

⃗

= 0iTAC +0,882 jTAC +0,470kTAC

AB=(−36,0 ,−27 )−( 0 ,−60,0 )

⃗

AB ¿[ −36 i,
⃗ 60j, −27k]
λA B=¿ −36 i+ 60j −27 k
2 2 2
¿ √ ( 60 ) + ( 36 ) + ( 27 )
 −36 i 60 j 27 k
¿ + −
68 68 68

= -0,48i +0,8 j -0,36k

TAB = |TAB| λA B
⃗

= -0,48iTAB +0,8jTAB -0,36kTAB

AD=( 40,0 ,−27 )− ( 0 ,−60,0 )
⃗

AD= [ 40 i,
⃗ 60j, −27k]
λA D=¿ 40 i+ 60j −27 k
2 2 2
¿ √ ( 40 ) + ( 60 ) + ( 27 )
40 i 60 j 27 k
¿ + −
77 77 77

= 0,519i +0,779 j -0,350k

TAD = |616 lb| λA D
⃗

= 319,704lb + 479,864lb - 215,6lb

w =−w j
⃗

∑ F x =0 : 0*TAC - 0,48¿ TAB=-319,704lb Ec.1

∑ F y =0 : W=0,882¿ TAC +0,8∗TAB+ 479,864 lb Ec .2
∑ F z =0 : 0,470*TAC - 0,36*TAB =215,61lb Ec.3

Despejamos TAB en la Ec.1:

- 0,48¿ TAB=-319,704lb
 319,704
TA B=
0.48
lb

TA B=666,05 lb

Se reemplaza TAB en la Ec.3:

0,470*TAC - 0,36(666,05lb) = 215,61 lb
0,470*TAC = 455,378 lb
455,378
TAC = 0.470 lb

TAC = 968,889 lb

Se reemplaza TAC y TAB en Ec.2:

W=0,882(968,889 lb)+0,8 (666,05lb )+479,864 lb
W= 1867,264

38.
d AP = [ 20 i + 70 j – 10 k] ft |AP|= 73,48 ft
d BP= [ -45i + 70 j – 10 k] ft |BP|= 83,81 ft
d CP= [ -10 i + 70 j + 15 k] ft |CP|= 72,28 ft

1,35 Kips
TAP = 73,48 ft [ 20 i + 70 j – 10 k] ft

= [ 0,37i + 1,29j – 0,18k] Kips

TBP
TBP = 83,81 ft [ -45i + 70 j – 10 k] ft

= [ -0,54*TBP i + 0,83*TBP j – 0,12*TBP k] Kips

T CP
TCP = 72,28 ft [ -10 i + 70 j + 15 k] ft

= [ -0,14*TCP i + 0,97*TCP j + 0,21*TCP k] Kips

ΣFx = 0

0,37 kips - 0,54*FBP - 0,14*FCP = 0 Ec.1

ΣFy=0

1,29 kips+ 0,83*FBP + 0,97*FCP + P y = 0 Ec.2

ΣFz=0

-0,18 kips – 0,12*FBP + 0,21*FCP = 0 Ec.3

Despejamos FCP de la Ec.1:

0,37 kips - 0,54*FBP - 0,14*FCP = 0
FCP = 2,64 kips – 3,86*FBP

Reemplazamos FCP en la Ec.3:

– 0,12*FBP + 0,21(2,64 kips – 3,86*FBP) = 0,18 kips
– 0,12*FBP + 0,55 kips – 0,81*FBP= 0,18 kips
– 0,93*FBP = – 0,37 Kips
FBP = 0,39 Kips

FCP = 2,64 kips – 3,86(0,39 kips)

FCP = 1,13 Kips

Hallamos P y de la Ec. 2:
1,29 kips+ 0,83(0,39 kips) + 0,97(1,13 kips) = - P y
Py = -2,71 Kips
39.
 Fx
cos 60 0=
80 N

F x=cos 60o ⋅80 N

F x=40 N
Fy
sin 600 =
80 N

F y =sin 60o ⋅ 80 N

F y =69,28 N
Σ M 0 =−40 N ⋅ 0,010 m−691.28 N ⋅0,4 m θ=900−1,43 0

Σ M 0 =−¿28,11 Nm θ=88,570

 Para el Momento Máximo temenos:

M máx =−80 N ⋅ 0,4001m

M máx =−32,008 Nm

40.
M F =250 mm ⋅ 100 N ( cos 150 )
1
M F =200 mm ⋅ 80 N ( sin 650 )
2

= 24184,14 N⋅mm = 14500,92 N ⋅mm

M F = 24,18 N⋅m
1 + M F = 14,50 N⋅m
2 +

41.

INCISO A
d⃗ = [ 550i + 400j - 200k] =
(0,55 i + 0,4 j - 0,2 k)
Fz=sin 30o ⋅ 80 N = 40 N (-)

Fxy = cos 30 o ⋅80 N = 69,28 N

Fx=69,28 N ⋅ sin 40 °=44,53 N ¿

Fy = 69,28N⋅ cos40° = 53,07 N (+)

F = [ 44,53
⃗ i + 53,07 j – 40 k] N

i −j k
MR = 0,55 0,4 −0,2
44,53 53,07 −40
MR i = [ (0,4) (–40) – (–0,2) (53,07)] = –5,39 i
M R j = – [ (0,55) (–40) – (–0,2) (44,53)] = 13,10 j
MR k = [ (0,55) (53,07) – (–0,4) (44,53)] = 11,4 k

MR = [ –5,39 i + 13,10 j + 11,4 k] N

INCISO B

M B =⃗d × ⃗
F

d⃗ =¿[ 550 i + 0 j - 200 k] mm

Fz=80∗sin 30°

30° = 40 N (-)
80N Fxy F xy = 80*cos30°

Fz
 Fy=Fxy∗cos 40 °

40° = (80*cos30°)cos 40 °
Fxy Fy = 53,07 N (+)
Fx = Fxy∗sin 40°
Fx = (80*cos30°)sin 40 °
= 44,53 N (+)
F = [ 44,53
⃗ i + 53,07 j – 40 k] N

i −j k
M B= 550 0 −200
44,53 53,07 −40

MBi = 10614 N.mm

MB j = 13094 N.mm
MB k = 29188,5 N.mm

MB = [ 10614 i + 13094 j + 29188,5 k] N.mm

42.

F AB=555 N

F BC =660 N

d BA= |BA| = [ -0,75 i - 7 j + 6 k]m |BA|= 9,25 m

d B C= |CA| = [ 4,25 i - 7 j + 1 k]m |BC|= 8,25 m

555 N
FB A = [ -0,75 i - 7 j + 6 k]m
9,25 m

= [ -45 i - 420 j + 360 k] N

660 N
F BC = [ -4,25 i - 7 j + 1 k]m
8 ,25 m

= [ 340 i - 560 j + 80 k] N
F R B=F BA + F BC

F R B = [ 295 i - 980 j + 440 k] N r 0 B=(7 j)m

M 0=( 7 j ) m ⋅ [ 295 ⅈ−980 j+ 440 k ] N

M 0=3708,18 N . m
43.

ΣMX =0
( 6 √ 3 ft ) Fb+ ( 6 √ 3 ft ) ( 10 kips )−( 6 √ 3 ft ) ( 20 kips ) −( 6 √ 3 ft ) Ff =0
Fb−Ff =10

ΣMZ =0
( 12 ft ) ( 15 kips ) + ( 6 ft ) Fb−( 6 ft )( 10 kips )−( 12 ft ) ( 30 kips )−( 6 ft )( 20 kips ) + ( 6 ft ) Ff =0
Fb+ Ff =6 0

Fb= 35,0 Kips / Ff= 25,0 Kips

44.
P1= 500Lb
P2= 1500Lb
ΣFx=0

AX= 0
ΣFy=0

AY + DY – 500Lb – 1500Lb = 0
AY + DY = 2000Lb
ΣMA=0

(-500lb*10m) +(-1500lb*20m) +DY*30m = 0

DY= 1167Lb
 NODO D:
FDY
FDE
45°
D
FDC

ΣFx=0

-FDC – FDE*Cos (45°) = 0

ΣFy=0

FDY + FDE*Sin (45°) = 0

−1167 Lb
FDE = sin 45°

FDE= -1650Lb (C)

FDC= -FDE*Cos45°
FDC= -(-1650Lb) *Cos45°
FDC= 1167Lb (T)

 NODO E:
 FEG E
45°

FED
FEC

ΣFx=0

-FEG + FDE*Sin (45°) = 0

FEG= -1650Lb*Sin45°
FEG= -1167lb (C)
ΣFy=0

-FEC - FED*Cos (45°) = 0

FEC = -(-1650Lb*Cos45°)
FEC= 1167Lb (T)

 NODO C:
FCB FCE

45°
FCB C FCD
 1500Lb

ΣFx=0

-FCB – FCG*Cos45° + 1167lb

ΣFy=0

-1500lb + 1167lb + FCG*Sen45° = 0

333 Lb
FCG= Sen 45 °
FCG= 471Lb (T)
FCB= (-471Lb*Cos45°) +1167lb
FCB= 834Lb (T)

 NODO B:
FBC

FBA B FBC

500Lb

ΣFx=0

FCB – FBA= 0
FBA= 834Lb (T)
ΣFy=0

-500lb + FBG = 0
FBG= 500Lb (T)

 NODO G:
G FGE
45°
 FGA FGB FGC
ΣFx=0

-FGA*Sen45°+FGC*Sen45°+FGE= 0
-1167Lb+(471lb*Sen45°)-FGA*Sen45°= 0
-834lb – FGA*Sen45°= 0

834 Lb
FGA= −Sen 45°

FGA= -1179Lb (C)

45.
ΣFx=0

REX= 0
ΣFy=0

RAY – 4000lb + REY= 0

RAY + REY= 4000lb

ΣMA=0

-1000lb(10ft)–1000lb(20ft)–1000lb(30ft) + REY(40ft)= 0
-60000lb*ft + REY (40ft) = 0
REY= 1500lb RAY= 2500lb

ΣMC =0

-2500lb(20ft) + 1000lb(10ft) + 1000lb(20ft) –

FGJ*Sen60°(11.55ft) = 0
 -20000lb*ft – FGJ*10ft= 0

FGJ= -2000lb (C)

ΣFx=0

2500lb – 3000lb + FCJ*Sen30° - FGJ*Cos60°= 0 Ec.1

-500lb + 0.5*FCJ + 1000lb= 0
500lb + 0.5*FCJ= 0

−500 Lb
FCJ= 0.5

FCJ= -1000lb (C)

Ahora de la Ec.1 obtenemos el valor

de FCD mediante el debido despeje:

FCD= (1000lb*Cos30°) +(2000lb*Sen60°)

FCD= 2600lb (T)
46.
ΣFx=0

RAX= 0
ΣMA=0

(-6KN*3m) +(-8KN*6m) +REY*9m= 0

66 KN∗m
REY= 9m

REY= 7.33KN
ΣFy=0

-14KN + 7.33KN + RAY= 0

RAY= 6.67KN

1,5

1,5 2,6
2,6 Cosθ= 3 / Sinθ= 3
3

ΣMF=0

7,33KN*3m + FDC*2,6m= 0

21,99 KN ∗m
FDC= 2.6 m

FDC= -8,46KN (C)

ΣFy=0

7.3KN + FFC ( 2.63 ) – 8KN= 0

FFC*0.86= 0.7KN

0.7 KN
FFC= 0,86

FFC= 0,81KN (T)

ΣFx=0

8.42KN – FFG – 0.80 ( 1.53 )= 0

 8.42KN – FFG – 0.4= 0
-FFG= -8,02KN

FFG= 8,02KN (T)

47.
ΣFx=0

RDX= 0
ΣFy=0

RDY + REY= 0
ΣMD=0

-693lb*16ft + REY*21ft= 0
11088 lb∗ft
REY= 21 ft
REY= 528lb RDY= 165lb
 NODO E:

ΣFx=0

-FEB ( 135 ) – FEC( 45 )= 0 Ec.1

ΣFy=0

FEB ( 1213 ) + FEC( 35 )= -528lb Ec.2

EC.1: -0.38*FEB – 0.8*FEC= 0

Ec.2: 0.92*FEB + 0.60*FEC= -528lb
-0.38*FEB= 0.8*FEC

FEB= -2.10*FEC

Reemplazamos FEB en la EC.2:

0.92(-2.10*FEC) +0.60*FEC= -528lb
-1.932*FEC+0.60*FEC= -528lb
-1.33*FEC= -528lb
−528lb
FEC= −1.33

FEC= 397lb (T)

FEB= -2.10(397lb)
FEB= - 834lb (C)

 NODO B:

ΣFx=0
 -FBA – FBC ( 45 ) + FEC( 135 )= 0
5
-FBA – 0.8*FBC – 834lb( 13 )= 0

-FBA – 0.8*FBC= 320.77lb Ec.1

ΣFy=0

-FBC ( 35 ) – FBE( 1213 )= 693lb

-0.6*FBC – 0.92(-834lb) = 693lb
-0.6*FBC + 767.28lb= 693lb
-0.6*FBC= 693lb – 767.28lb

FBC= 124lb (T)

Ahora reemplazamos FBC en la Ec.1:

-FBA – 0.8(124lb) = 320.77lb
FBA= -420lb (C)

 NODO A:

ΣFx=0

FBA – FAD ( 135 ) + FAC( 45 )= 0

– 0.38*FAD + 0.8*FAC= 420lb Ec.1
ΣFy=0

-FAD ( 1213 ) – FAC( 35 )= 0

- 0.92*FAD – 0.6*FAC= 0 Ec.2
 FAD= - 0.65*FAC Ec.3
Ahora reemplazamos la Ec.3 en la Ec.1:
– 0.38(-0.65*FAC) + 0.8*FAC= 420lb
0.25*FAC +0.8*FAC= 420lb

FAC= 323lb (T)

Ahora reemplazamos FAC en la Ec.3

FAD= -0.65(323lb)

FAD= -210lb (C)

48.
ΣFx=0

15kips – RFX= 0

RFX= 15kips
ΣFy=0

-RFY + RGY – 40kips= 0

RGY – RFY= 40kips

ΣMF=0

-15kips*16ft – 40kips*15ft + RGY*20ft= 0

RGY= 42kips RFY= 2kips

  NODO F:

ΣFx=0
5
-RFX – FFD ( 11.18 )=0
15 kips
-15kips + FFD*0.45= 0 FFD= 0.45 FFD= 33.33kips (T)
ΣFy=0
10
FFB – RFY +FFD ( 11.18 )= 0
10
FFB – 2kips + 33.33kips( 11.18 )= 0
FFB – 2kips + 29.81kips = 0

FFB= -27.81kips (C)

 NODO B:
ΣFx=0
10
FBA ( 10.77 ) + FBD( 7.815 ) + 15kips= 0
0.928*FBA + 0.64*FBD + 15kips= 0 Ec.1

FBA= -0.69*FBD – 16.16kips Ec.2

ΣFy=0
4
FBA ( 10.77 ) – FBD( 7.816 ) – FBF= 0
0.37*FBA – 0.77*FBD –(-28kips) = 0 Ec.3
Ahora reemplazamos Ec.2 en Ec.3:

0.37(-0.69*FBD – 16.16kips) – 0.77*FBD= -28kips

-0.255*FBD – 6kips – 0.77*FBD= -28kips
-1.025*FBD= -28kips
FBD= 21.46kips (T)
FBA= -0.69(21.46kips) – 16.16kips
FBA= -30.97kips (C)

49.
ΣMH =0

600lb*8ft + 600lb*16ft + 600lb*24ft + 300lb*32ft – RAY*32ft= 0

4800lb*ft + 9600lb*ft + 14400lb*ft + 9600lb*ft – RAY*32ft= 0
 38400lb∗ft
RAY= 32 ft

RAY= 1200lb

ΣFx=0

RHX= 0
ΣFy=0

-300lb – 600lb – 600lb – 600lb – 300lb + RHY + RAY= 0

-2400lb + RHY + 1200lb= 0
RHY= 1200lb

 NODO A:

ΣFx=0

FAC + FAB ( 45 )= 0
4
FAC + (-1500lb)( 5 )= 0

FAC – 1200lb= 0
FAC= 1200lb (T)
ΣFy=0

1200lb + FBA ( 35 ) – 300lb= 0

3
-900lb= FBA( 5 )
−900 lb∗5
FAB= 3

FAB= -1500lb (C)

 NODO H:

ΣFx=0

-FGH – FHF( 45 )= 0
4
-FGH – (-1500lb)( 5 )= 0

-FGH + 1200lb= 0
FGH= 1200lb (T)
ΣFy=0
3
1200lb + FHF ( ) – 300lb= 0
5
 900lb + FBA ( 35 )= 0
−900 lb∗5
FHF= 3

FHF= -1500lb (C)

 NODO G:

ΣFx=0

-FEG + 1200lb= 0
FEG= 1200lb (T)
ΣFy=0

FFG= 0

 NODO B:
ΣFx=0

( 45 )+ FEB( 45 ) – FBA( 45 ) = 0
FBD
4 4 4
FBD( 5 )+ FEB( 5 ) –(-1500lb)( 5 ) = 0
4 4
FBD( 5 )+ FEB( 5 ) + 1200lb= 0 Ec.1

ΣFy=0

FBD ( 35 ) – FBE( 45 ) – 600lb – FAB( 35 ) = 0

3 4 3
FBD( 5 ) – FBE( 5 ) – 600lb –(-1500lb)( 5 ) = 0
3 4
FBD( 5 ) – FBE( 5 ) + 300lb = 0 Ec.2

Ahora podemos hacer una igualación entre la Ec.1 y la Ec.2 para

conocer el valor de una de las incógnitas:

FBD( 45 )+ FEB( 45 ) + 1200lb= 0 Ec.1

3 4
FBD( 5 ) – FBE( 5 ) + 300lb = 0 Ec.2
1.5*FBD + 1500lb= 0
−1500lb
FBD= 1.5

FBD= -1000lb (C)

Ahora reemplazamos el valor de FBD en la Ec. 1 para poder
conocer el valor de FEB:

(-1000lb) ( 45 )+ FEB( 45 ) + 1200lb= 0

4
-800lb + FEB( 5 ) + 1200lb= 0
4
FEB( 5 )= -400lb
−400 lb∗5
FEB= 4

FEB= -500lb (C)

 NODO D:

ΣFx=0

FBD ( 45 ) + FDF( 45 )= 0
4 4
(-1000lb)( 5 ) + FDF( 5 )= 0
4
-800lb + FDF( 5 )= 0
 800 lb∗5
FDF= 4

FDF= 1000lb (T)

ΣFy=0

FBD ( 35 ) – FDF( 35 )−600lb −FDE = 0

3 3
(-1000lb)( 5 ) – (1000lb)( 5 )−600lb −FDE = 0

-600lb – 600lb – 600lb – FDE= 0

FDE= -1800lb (C)

Entonces como la armadura es simétrica:

FAB = FFH = -1500lb (C)
FBC = FFG = 0
FBD = FFD = -1000lb (C)
FEB = FFE = -500lb (C)
FEG = FEC = FGH = FAC = 1200lb (T)