Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Issue 01
Date 2019-06-06
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Contents
1 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 eRAN15.1 01 (2019-06-06)............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 eRAN15.1 Draft A (2019-01-05)................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 6
4 WBB UE Identification and Differentiated QoS Guarantee................................................. 7
4.1 Principles........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.1.1 WBB UE Identification............................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1.2 WBB UE Scheduling Priority....................................................................................................................................10
4.1.3 Control over the Maximum PRB Usages of WBB and MBB UEs........................................................................... 11
4.1.4 Dynamic Control over the Maximum Downlink PRB Usage of WBB UEs.............................................................13
4.1.5 SPID-specific DRX Policy........................................................................................................................................ 16
4.1.6 SPID-specific Intra- and Inter-Frequency Handover Processing.............................................................................. 16
4.1.7 Enhanced Uplink Power Control for WBB UEs (TDD)........................................................................................... 16
4.1.8 QoS Control for Concurrent IPTV and Internet Services..........................................................................................16
4.1.9 SPID-based Identification of WBB UEs Capable of Transmit Antenna Selection (TDD)....................................... 17
4.2 Network Analysis......................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2.1 Benefits...................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2.2 Impacts.......................................................................................................................................................................19
4.3 Requirements................................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.3.1 Licenses..................................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.3.2 Software.....................................................................................................................................................................20
4.3.3 Hardware................................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.3.4 Others.........................................................................................................................................................................22
4.4 Operation and Maintenance..........................................................................................................................................23
4.4.1 Data Configuration.................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.4.1.1 Data Preparation..................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.4.1.2 Using MML Commands......................................................................................................................................... 27
6 Parameters..................................................................................................................................... 54
7 Counters........................................................................................................................................ 55
8 Glossary......................................................................................................................................... 56
9 Reference Documents................................................................................................................. 57
1 Change History
This chapter describes changes not included in the "Parameters", "Counters", "Glossary", and
"Reference Documents" chapters. These changes include:
l Technical changes
Changes in functions and their corresponding parameters
l Editorial changes
Improvements or revisions to the documentation
Technical Changes
Change Parameter Change RAT Base Station
Description Model
Added loose control Added the following FDD l 3900 and 5900
over the maximum options to the TDD series base
PRB usage of WBB CellWttxParaCfg.P stations
UEs. For details, see rbUpLimitCtrlMode l DBS3900
4.1.3 Control over parameter: LampSite and
the Maximum PRB l WBB_LOOSE_ DBS5900
Usages of WBB CONTROL LampSite
and MBB UEs.
l LOOSE_CONT l BTS3911E
ROL l BTS3912E
Editorial Changes
Added the impacts of specified service carriers and LTE spectrum coordination in WTTx
scenarios. For details, see Function Impacts.
Changed the name of Huawei mobile element management system from U2000 to U2020.
Added control over the maximum PRB usages of WBB and MBB UEs in RAN sharing mode.
For details, see 4.1.3 Control over the Maximum PRB Usages of WBB and MBB UEs.
Revised descriptions in this document.
This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and feature
gains depend on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is deployed. To achieve
the desired gains, contact Huawei professional service engineers.
Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in this document
apply only to the corresponding software release. For future software releases, refer to the
corresponding updated product documentation.
Unless otherwise stated, descriptions in this document apply to all RATs. If a description does
not apply to all RATs, the specific RAT that it does apply to will be stated.
For example, in the statement "TDD cells are compatible with enhanced MU-MIMO", "TDD
cells" indicates that this function cannot be used in non-TDD cells.
3 Overview
Increases in the number of subscribers have slowed down in the communications industry.
Merely enlarging the mobile subscriber base is no longer a sustainable option for operators.
Operators can use idle LTE air interface resources in low-PRB-usage areas, such as suburban
or rural areas, to develop wireless broadband (WBB) services. In this way, operators can
improve the LTE spectral efficiency, develop more profit sources, and seize the broadband
market.
The WBB solution provides broadband access, allowing household and enterprise terminals to
access wireless networks using WBB UEs. Figure 3-1 shows the networking for the WBB
solution.
WBB UEs are wireless broadband access equipment, usually customer-premises equipment
(CPE). CPEs connect to an eNodeB over the LTE air interface on one side. On the other side,
CPEs connect to terminals in wired mode or using Wi-Fi.
4.1 Principles
The eNodeB identifies WBB UEs based on subscriber profile IDs (SPIDs) or QoS class
identifiers (QCIs) upon UE accesses and implements differentiated QoS guarantee for WBB
and MBB UEs. This fulfills service requirements of WBB UEs, while guaranteeing MBB
service experience.
An SPID and a QCI are defined as follows:
l SPID
An SPID is called an RAT/Frequency Selection Priority (RFSP) on the core network
side. An SPID is the ID of a service configuration file. An operator registers UE SPIDs
(with values from 1 to 256) in a home subscriber server (HSS) database. An eNodeB
performs special processing for the services of the UEs based on these SPIDs.
l QCI
A QCI is a QoS parameter of the EPS bearer. There are two types of QCIs: standardized
and extended. QCIs standardize the QoS requirements of services. Each QCI indicates
the requirements for the resource type, priority, delay, and packet loss rate for each type
of service. For details, see QoS Management.
Identification QCI_BASED MBB UEs use some of the QCIs for non-GBR
based on bearers, and WBB UEs can use other QCIs for non-
QCIs GBR bearers during registration. For example, MBB
UEs use QCI 9, and WBB UEs use QCI 6 during
registration.
– The eNodeB obtains the SPID from any of the following S1 messages sent by the
MME, including INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST, UE CONTEXT
MODIFICATION REQUEST, and DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT.
– During an S1-based handover, the source eNodeB transfers the SPID to the target
eNodeB using the HANDOVER REQUIRED (Source eNB to Target eNB
Transparent Container) and HANDOVER REQUEST (Source eNB to Target eNB
Transparent Container) messages.
– During an X2-based handover, the source eNodeB uses the HANDOVER
REQUEST message to transfer the SPID to the target eNodeB.
3. The eNodeB checks whether the obtained SPID is the same as an SPID configured on
the eNodeB. If they are the same, the eNodeB identifies the UE as an SPID-specified
UE.
4. If the SpidCfg.SpecifiedUserFlag parameter is set to SPECSERUSER for the SPID,
the eNodeB identifies the UE as a WBB UE.
l WBB UEs are identified only when they newly access the network or access a cell by handovers or
RRC connection reestablishment. Results of WBB UE identification are used for treatment of
handovers and carrier aggregation (CA).
l SPIDs and the SpecifiedUserFlag parameter set to SPECSERUSER jointly identify WBB UEs.
Therefore, functions provided for specific SPIDs are available to WBB UEs that are identified based
on the SPIDs. For details about SPID-specific functions, see Flexible User Steering.
l The equivalent of SPID on the EPC side is called RFSP.
UTRAN radio access bearer (E-RAB) setup. For QCIs specific to WBB UEs, the
CellQciPara.ServiceFlag parameter must be set to WBB_SERVICE.
If an E-RAB of a QCI with this setting is set up for a UE, the eNodeB identifies the UE as a
WBB UE.
The identification procedure is performed during initial context setup for RRC connection
setup. Any changes to the bearer attributes of the UE during the current RRC connection do
not affect the identification result. Therefore, it is not recommended that only bearers of
dedicated QCIs be used to identify WBB UEs.
where
l is the scheduling priority of WBB UEs' non-GBR services.
If SPIDs are used to identify WBB UEs and WBB and MBB UEs use the same QCI, cannot
be used to distinguish the scheduling priorities for the two types of UEs.
l The values of and range from 0.001 to 1. The highest precision of eNodeB
scheduling priorities is 0.001. If both and are configured and the product of the
values is less than or equal to 0.001, the eNodeB uses 0.001. After is modified, the
UE must access the network again or be reconfigured to make the modification take effect.
l If QCIs are used to identify WBB UEs, is 1 by default, and concurrent configuration
of and is not recommended.
4.1.3 Control over the Maximum PRB Usages of WBB and MBB
UEs
Control over the maximum PRB usages of WBB and MBB UEs has been introduced to avoid
the following problems:
l WBB UEs use too many PRBs, and MBB user experience is significantly affected.
l MBB UEs use too many PRBs, and no PRBs are available for WBB UEs.
This function is controlled by the WBBMBB_USER_PRB_UP_LMT_SWITCH option of
the CellAlgoSwitch.SpecUserAlgoSwitch parameter.
After the eNodeB identifies WBB UEs in a cell based on SPIDs or QCIs, the rest of the UEs
in this cell are treated as MBB UEs. The maximum PRB usages can be set separately for
WBB and MBB UEs.
Table 4-2 Configuration of the maximum PRB usages for WBB and MBB UEs
UE Type Item Parameter Control
Policy
Upper CellWttxParaCfg.WbbUserUlPrbUpLimit
Limit of
UL PRB
Usage for
WBB User
Either tight or loose control can be imposed on the maximum PRB usage. The control policy
is specified by the CellWttxParaCfg.PrbUpLimitCtrlMode parameter.
l If this parameter is set to TIGHT_CONTROL, the PRB usages of MBB and WBB UEs
cannot exceed the upper limit even if there are PRBs remaining in a cell.
l If this parameter is set to MBB_LOOSE_CONTROL and there are still PRBs
remaining in a cell after scheduling of WBB UEs, MBB UEs can use the remaining
PRBs even if the PRB usage of MBB UEs reaches the upper limit. In this case, tight
control is still performed for WBB UEs.
l If this parameter is set to WBB_LOOSE_CONTROL and there are still PRBs
remaining in a cell after scheduling of MBB UEs, WBB UEs can use the remaining
PRBs even if the PRB usage of WBB UEs reaches the upper limit. In this case, tight
control is still performed for MBB UEs.
l If this parameter is set to LOOSE_CONTROL
– If there are still PRBs remaining in a cell after scheduling of WBB UEs, MBB UEs
can use the remaining PRBs even if the PRB usage of MBB UEs reaches the upper
limit.
– If there are still PRBs remaining in a cell after scheduling of MBB UEs, WBB UEs
can use the remaining PRBs even if the PRB usage of WBB UEs reaches the upper
limit.
l Control over the maximum PRB usages of WBB or MBB UEs applies to initial transmission of data
over non-GBR bearers. PRBs used for retransmission, GBR bearers, and transmission of RLC status
reports, TAs, SRs, and signaling are not limited. Therefore:
l PRBs used by WBB and MBB UEs may exceed the configured upper limit.
l If WBB UEs are identified based on QCIs, you are advised not to configure QCIs 1 to 5 as
QCIs used to identify WBB UEs.
l In virtual 4T4R, single frequency network (SFN) and adaptive SFN scenarios, the PRB usages of
WBB and MBB UEs are measured on a per logical cell basis.
l If the CellWttxParaCfg.PrbUpLimitCtrlMode parameter is set to WBB_LOOSE_CONTROL or
LOOSE_CONTROL for the LBBPc, the default value MBB_LOOSE_CONTROL takes effect.
The LBBPc does not support loose control over the maximum PRB usage for WBB UEs.
l In RAN sharing mode, the maximum PRB usages of WBB and MBB UEs must be set based on the
PRB proportion of each operator.
l In RAN sharing with common carrier scenarios (where the CellAlgoSwitch.RanShareModeSwitch
parameter is set to ON), if tight control over the maximum PRB usage is implemented, idle RBs of
an operator cannot be used by other operators. The proportions of uplink and downlink RBs
allocated to an operator cannot exceed the preset thresholds (specified by the
CellOp.OpUlRbUsedRatio and CellOp.OpDlRbUsedRatio parameters respectively).
Figure 4-2 Process for dynamic control over the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs
Figure 4-3 shows how this function controls the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB
UEs.
Figure 4-3 Restriction modes for the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs
Different restriction modes for the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs are
described as follows:
l No restriction: The maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs is not restricted and
can reach 100%.
l Low restriction mode: The maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs is specified by
the CellWttxParaCfg.WbbUserDlPrbUpLimit parameter.
l High restriction mode: Tighter control is applied on the maximum downlink PRB usage
of WBB UEs, which equals half of the value of the
CellWttxParaCfg.WbbUserDlPrbUpLimit parameter.
The process shown in Figure 4-2 can be simplified by setting
CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntHighPctThld and
CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntLowPctThld to appropriate values based on scenario
requirements. For example:
l If the value of the CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntHighPctThld parameter equals the
value of the CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntLowPctThld parameter, the eNodeB does
not use the low restriction mode.
l For sites serving both WBB and MBB UEs, if the
CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntHighPctThld parameter is set to the maximum value
and has a huge difference from the value of the
CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntLowPctThld parameter, the eNodeB does not use the
high restriction mode. In this case, if the CellWttxParaCfg.DynCtrlUeCntLowPctThld
parameter is set to the minimum value, the eNodeB does not restrict the downlink PRB
usage of WBB UEs only when the PRB usage of MBB UEs is less than or equal to the
preset threshold.
In RAN sharing mode, the eNodeB measures the proportion of MBB UEs to WBB UEs that have
service requirements and the PRB usage of MBB UEs, and uses the results, which are non-operator
specific, to dynamically adjust the restriction mode for all operators.
The eNodeB measures the number of WBB and MBB UEs that have service requirements in the same
way as that used to measure the number of activated UEs. In CA scenarios, the eNodeB measures the
number of WBB and MBB UEs that have service requirements in the PCell.
services if these services are carried by default bearers, because internet service traffic is
limited by packages. For this reason, triple-play packages have the following issues:
l The claimed bandwidth of internet services cannot be reached if air interface resources
are unlimited and internet and IPTV services are concurrent.
l IPTV services cannot be provided if internet traffic packages run out. This is because
when such packages run out, the UE-AMBR is limited to a small value (for example, 1
Mbit/s), but IPTV services require higher rates (for example, 3 Mbit/s for standard
definition).
QoS control for concurrent IPTV and internet services has been added to resolve these issues.
This function is controlled by the QosPolicy.RateControlSwitch parameter.
l If the QosPolicy.RateControlSwitch parameter is set to OFF and bearers of the
corresponding QCI in the QoSPolicy MO carry IPTV services, the eNodeB does not
limit service rates according to the UE-AMBR. In this case, the P-GW limits the per
APN aggregate maximum bit rate (APN-AMBR) for internet services of the UE, while
the IPTV system limits IPTV rates of the UE.
l The eNodeB only has the UE-AMBR, while multiple APN-AMBRs can be configured on the
core network side. The UE-AMBR sent by the core network to the eNodeB is the sum of all
APN-AMBRs.
l If rate control is implemented on the core network side, rates of internet services will not
exceed the corresponding APN-AMBR.
l If the QosPolicy.RateControlSwitch parameter is set to ON and bearers of the
corresponding QCI in the QoSPolicy MO do not carry IPTV services, the eNodeB limits
service rates according to the UE-AMBR.
QoS control for concurrent IPTV and internet services is dependent on DSCP-based IPTV
QoS guarantee in WTTx scenarios. For details about DSCP-based IPTV QoS guarantee in
WTTx scenarios, see Video Experience Optimization.
For the definition of UEs that falsely report their support for transmit antenna selection, see Massive
MIMO (TDD).
This function applies only to WBB UEs identified based on SPIDs in massive MIMO cells.
This function configures transmit antenna selection based on the reported UE capability
information. Figure 4-4 shows the process.
Figure 4-4 Process for SPID-based identification of WBB UEs capable of transmit antenna
selection
4.2.1 Benefits
WBB UE identification and specified QoS guarantee offers the following benefits:
If operators want to use idle LTE air interface resources in low-PRB-usage areas, such as
suburban or rural areas, to develop WBB services, the WBB UE identification and
differentiated QoS guarantee feature is recommended. By using this feature, operators can
develop WBB services and also ensure MBB service experience.
If CPEs are deployed indoors, more than 50% of cells have an average PUSCH SINR less
than 10 dB, and uplink cell capacity needs to be improved, enhanced uplink power control for
WBB UEs is recommended.
4.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
l System capacity
After tight control over the maximum PRB usage of WBB UEs or tight control over the
maximum PRB usage of MBB UEs is enabled, the eNodeB restricts the scheduling of
WBB or MBB UEs if their PRB usage reaches the upper limit. In this case, the cell
throughput decreases.
Enhanced uplink power control for WBB UEs can improve the uplink capacity of WBB-
service-specified cells if WBB UEs in these cells meet the criteria for performing this
function.
If QoS control for concurrent IPTV and internet services is enabled, capacity is
improved. This is because IPTV UEs have better air interface quality than common UEs,
and IPTV traffic is continuous. The number of UEs running IPTV services must not
exceed capacity specifications expressed in terms of the number of UEs for which IPTV
services are provided. Otherwise, capacity will be insufficient after this function is
enabled, affecting performance of IPTV services.
l Network performance
When WBB UEs are identified:
– After the scheduling priority weighting coefficients are configured, WBB user
experience is inferior to MBB user experience. MBB user experience is
preferentially ensured.
– Control over the maximum PRB usage of WBB UEs reduces the impact of network
load increase on MBB user experience. Control over the maximum PRB usage of
MBB UEs ensures resource reservation for WBB UEs, especially during busy
hours.
– Differentiated configuration of DRX parameters shortens the scheduling delay,
improving WBB user experience.
– Differentiated configuration of handover threshold offset factors prevents WBB
UEs from performing ping-pong handovers.
Enhanced uplink power control for WBB UEs increases the uplink transmit power of
targeted WBB UEs. This will lead to slight increases in the average interference to
neighboring cells in scenarios of short inter-site distances.
After dynamic control over the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs is enabled,
if the PRB usage of MBB UEs and the proportion of MBB UEs to WBB UEs that have
service requirements reach the preset thresholds, the eNodeB restricts the scheduling of
WBB UEs. As a result, the cell throughput decreases.
After SPID-based identification of WBB UEs capable of transmit antenna selection is
enabled, MBB UEs that support transmit antenna selection cannot enjoy the gains from
transmit antenna selection. As a result, the experience of these MBB UEs is affected.
Function Impacts
RAT Function Function Reference Description
Name Switch
4.3 Requirements
4.3.1 Licenses
FDD: None
TDD: Enhanced uplink power control for WBB UEs requires the following license control
item. Other functions are not under license control.
4.3.2 Software
Prerequisite Functions
RAT Function Function Reference Description
Name Switch
4.3.3 Hardware
Boards
l Dynamic control over the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs: All boards,
except for the LBBPc, support this function.
l Loose control over the maximum PRB usage of WBB UEs: All boards, except for the
LBBPc, support this function.
l Other functions: no requirements
RF Modules
No requirements
4.3.4 Others
The following information must be collected for configuration:
l QCI usage of MBB UEs that are already registered on the network
l Whether the HSS and MME support configuration of SPIDs and whether the MME
supports SPID transfer on the live network
l UE policies specific to each SPID and QCI, the number of registered WBB UEs,
activation ratio of WBB UEs, and tariff policies for these UEs, which are required to
configure different QoS policies between WBB and MBB UEs. UE policies include the
scheduling priority weighting factor of WBB UEs, PRB usage upper limits for WBB and
MBB UEs, DRX application policies, and threshold offset configuration policies for
handovers.
QoS control for concurrent IPTV and internet services requires support of the core network.
The core network must limit traffic of internet services. Otherwise, traffic of internet services
cannot be limited.
Table 4-4 Parameters related to scheduling priorities of WBB UEs (identified based on
SPIDs)
Table 4-5 Parameters related to scheduling priorities of WBB UEs (identified based on QCIs)
Table 4-6 Parameters for controlling the maximum PRB usage of WBB and MBB UEs
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
l The same PRB usage upper limit settings are recommended for all cells in the network. If cells have
different settings of the PRB usage upper limits, the UE throughput may decrease in uplink CA
scenarios.
l In a RAN sharing scenario, operators must use the same PRB usage upper limit settings for both
MBB and WBB UEs.
l After the PRB usage upper limit parameters are modified in the CellWttxParaCfg MO, the PRB
usage of online UEs may be incorrectly measured. It can be correctly measured only after the UEs
reaccess the network.
Table 4-7 Parameters for dynamic control over the maximum downlink PRB usage of WBB
UEs
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
For other DRX parameter settings for special UEs, see DRX and Signaling Control.
Table 4-9 Parameters for SPID-specific intra- and inter-frequency handover processing
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
Table 4-10 Parameters for enhanced uplink power control for WBB UEs (TDD)
Parameter Parameter ID Option Setting Notes
Name
Table 4-11 Parameters for QoS control for concurrent IPTV and internet services
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
1. Service packages have limited traffic and limit UE rates when IPTV services are ongoing and traffic
runs out, causing IPTV service exceptions.
2. The value OFF indicates that QoS control is enabled for concurrent IPTV and internet services.
Table 4-12 Parameters for SPID-based identification of WBB UEs capable of transmit
antenna selection (TDD)
Parameter Parameter ID Option Setting Notes
Name
Step 2 On the U2020, choose Monitor > Signaling Trace > Signaling Trace Management > S1
Interface Trace to create an S1 interface tracing task. If the
S1AP_INITIAL_CONTEXT_SETUP_REQ message traced over the S1 interface includes a
subscriberProfileIdforRFP IE, the EPC sends the SPID.
----End
----End
Control over the Maximum PRB Usage of WBB and MBB UEs
Step 1 Perform full packet injection for both WBB and MBB UEs in the uplink or downlink.
Step 2 Check the PRB usage of the WBB and MBB UEs. If the actual PRB usage of UEs
approximates the configured uplink or downlink upper limits in a tight control scenario, the
control over the maximum PRB usage of WBB and MBB UEs is exerted.
----End
During massive MIMO pairing, the upper PRB usage limit is evaluated using the following formula:
(Average number of PDSCH PRBs used by WBB UEs/Average number of PRBs used by DRBs) x
(Number of PRBs used in the downlink/Number of PRBs available in the downlink)
----End
Dynamic Control over the Maximum Downlink PRB Usage of WBB UEs
Step 1 Enable both WBB and MBB UEs to perform downlink services. Adjust the number of UEs
based on the proportion of activated UEs, downlink PRBs used by MBB UEs, and preset
thresholds.
Step 2 Observe the downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs. If the downlink PRB usage of WBB UEs is
controlled using a suitable restriction mode selected based on the proportion of MBB UEs and
WBB UEs that have service requirements, dynamic control over the maximum downlink PRB
usage of WBB UEs has taken effect.
----End
Step 2 Run the LST SPIDCFG command. In the command output, if the value of any of the
following parameters is not 0, SPID-specific intra- and inter-frequency handover processing
has been activated:
l Intra-Freq Handover Offset Factor
l Inter-Freq A2 RSRP Threshold Factor
l Inter-Freq A2 RSRQ Threshold Factor
----End
----End
Step 2 Observe the RRC_CONN_RECFG message in the network access signaling of the two UEs.
If the value of the ue-TransmitAntennaSelection field in this message is true for the WBB UE
and is false for the MBB UE, this function has taken effect.
----End
Average proportion of downlink activated MBB UEs to downlink activated WBB UEs =
(L.Traffic.ActiveUser.DL.Avg – L.Traffic.ActiveUser.DL.WBB.Avg)/
L.Traffic.ActiveUser.DL.WBB.Avg
Average number of PRBs used by uplink PUSCH DRBs = Sum(L.ChMeas.PRB.UL.MCS.0
+ L.ChMeas.PRB.UL.MCS.1 + ... + L.ChMeas.PRB.UL.MCS.31)/Traffic measurement
period
Average number of used downlink PRBs = Sum(L.ChMeas.PRB.TM1 +
L.ChMeas.PRB.TM2 + ... + L.ChMeas.PRB.TM9)/Traffic measurement period
5.1 Principles
5.1.1 Overview
To meet operators' requirement that WBB and MBB services be provided using different
carriers, eNodeB cells are classified into three types, as shown in Figure 5-1.
A cell can be any of the following types, which are specified by the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag
parameter:
l MBB-service-prioritized cell: This type of cells preferentially serves MBB UEs. Other
types of UEs are transferred to other cells. The parameter value MBBSERCELL
denotes this cell type.
l WBB-service-specified cells: This type of cells preferentially serves WBB UEs. Other
types of UEs are transferred to other cells. The parameter value SPECSERCELL
denotes this cell type.
l Common cell: Both WBB and MBB UEs can be transferred to common cells. The
parameter value NONE denotes this cell type.
l Emergency-call MBB UEs can be served by any of the three types of cells.
l As described in 5.1.3 Enabling Proactive Handovers of Non-Emergency-Call MBB UEs from
WBB-Service-Specified Cells and 5.1.5 Enabling Proactive Handovers of WBB UEs from
MBB-Service-Prioritized Cells, if an MBB UE accessing a WBB-service-specified cell or a WBB
UE accessing an MBB-service-prioritized cell does not support inter-frequency handover, it cannot
be handed over out of the cell.
The eNodeB performs the following operations to prohibit non-emergency-call MBB UEs
from being handed over to WBB-service-specified cells:
l Filters out neighboring frequencies that are used only for WBB-service-specified cells,
when the eNodeB is about to instruct a non-emergency-call MBB UE to perform inter-
frequency measurement for a handover.
l Filters out WBB-service-specified cells from the candidate target cell list, after the
eNodeB receives an intra- or inter-frequency measurement report from a non-
emergency-call MBB UE.
l Filters out WBB-service-specified cells from the candidate inter-frequency neighboring
cell list, when the eNodeB is selecting a target cell for blind handover of a non-
emergency-call MBB UE based on the blind handover priorities of neighboring cells.
l Filters out neighboring frequencies that are used only for WBB-service-specified cells,
when the eNodeB is selecting a target frequency for blind redirection of a non-
emergency-call MBB UE based on the frequency priorities. The frequency priorities
used as the selection basis can be RRC_CONNECTED UEs' frequency priorities
specified for mobility management or the intra-RAT frequency priorities specified for
SPIDs. If no neighboring cell has been configured for a frequency, this frequency is
retained for blind redirection.
l The carrier attribute (cell type) is configured for each external cell. If no external cell is configured
for a frequency, the eNodeB cannot determine the carrier attribute of the frequency and regards it as
a common-cell frequency. Therefore, this frequency is not filtered out during inter-frequency or
blind handovers.
l The carrier attribute is specific to a cell. A target frequency specified by a blind redirection
instruction may be used for WBB-service-specified, MBB-service-prioritized, and common cells. It
is the UE instead of the eNodeB that selects the target cell of a blind redirection triggered for a non-
emergency-call MBB UE. As a result, a non-emergency-call MBB UE may access a WBB-service-
specified cell.
For co-site cells, this function is controlled by the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag parameter. If this
parameter is set to SPECSERCELL for a cell (cell 2 in Figure 5-2), this cell is a WBB-
service-specified cell. Non-emergency-call MBB UEs in common or MBB-service-prioritized
cells (cell 1 in Figure 5-2) will be prohibited from accessing the WBB-service-specified cell
(cell 2).
Figure 5-3 Enabling proactive handovers of non-emergency-call MBB UEs from WBB-
service-specified cells
Modification of the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag parameter will trigger automatic reset of the cell.
Default values of the preceding parameters tend to cause handover failures. Therefore, if this
feature is required, increase the event A4 thresholds for service-based inter-frequency
handovers. In addition, the preceding parameters are configured for each QCI. The
IntraRatHoComm.InterFreqHoA4TrigQuan specifies whether the RSRP, RSRQ, or both
are used to trigger event A4 reporting, and IntraRatHoComm.InterFreqHoA4RprtQuan
specifies whether the RSRP or RSRQ is used for event reporting or both values are reported
for event A4.
l If a UE supports CA, event A4 is replaced by event A5 when the eNodeB sends measurement
configurations to the UE. In this case, the InterFreqHoGroup.InterFreqHoA5Thd1Rsrp and
InterFreqHoGroup.InterFreqHoA5Thd1Rsrq parameters are always set to the largest values.
l For details about the procedures for delivering and processing measurement configurations related to
event A4 or A5, see Mobility Management in Connected Mode.
After receiving an event A4 or A5 measurement report, the eNodeB generates a target cell
list, determines a target cell, and then initiates a handover to the target cell.
When blind redirection is triggered, the target frequency is selected based on the
BlindHoPriority values set for candidate frequencies. If the target frequency cannot be
determined, it is selected again based on the ConnFreqPriority values set for candidate
frequencies. MBB UEs that cannot be blindly redirected will not be released.
This function increases the number of handovers and affects handover-related KPIs.
To prohibit WBB UEs from being handed over to MBB-service-prioritized cells, the eNodeB
performs the following operations:
l Filters out neighboring frequencies that are used only for MBB-service-prioritized cells,
when the eNodeB is about to instruct a WBB UE to perform inter-frequency
measurement for a handover.
l Filters out MBB-service-prioritized cells from the candidate target cell list, after the
eNodeB receives an intra- or inter-frequency measurement report from a WBB UE.
l Filters out MBB-service-prioritized cells from the candidate inter-frequency neighboring
cell list, when the eNodeB is selecting a target cell for blind handover of a WBB UE
based on the blind handover priorities of neighboring cells.
l Filters out neighboring frequencies that are used only for MBB-service-prioritized cells,
when the eNodeB is selecting a target frequency for blind redirection of a WBB UE
based on the frequency priorities. The frequency priorities used as the selection basis can
be RRC_CONNECTED UEs' frequency priorities specified for mobility management or
the intra-RAT frequency priorities specified for SPIDs. If no neighboring cell has been
configured for a frequency, this frequency is retained for blind redirection.
l The carrier attribute (cell type) is configured for each external cell. If no external cell is configured
for a frequency, the eNodeB cannot determine the carrier attribute of the frequency and regards it as
a common-cell frequency. Therefore, this frequency is not filtered out during inter-frequency or
blind handovers.
l The carrier attribute is specific to a cell. A target frequency specified by a blind redirection
instruction may be used for WBB-service-specified, MBB-service-prioritized, and common cells. It
is the UE instead of the eNodeB that selects the target cell of a blind redirection triggered for a WBB
UE. As a result, a WBB UE may access an MBB-service-prioritized cell after blind redirection.
For co-site cells, this function is controlled by the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag parameter. If this
parameter is set to MBBSERCELL for a cell (cell 2 in 5.1.4 Prohibiting Handovers of
WBB UEs to MBB-Service-Prioritized Cells), this cell is an MBB-service-prioritized cell.
WBB UEs in common or WBB-service-specified cells (cell 1 in Figure 5-4) will be
prohibited from accessing the MBB-service-prioritized cell (cell 2).
Figure 5-5 Enabling proactive handovers of WBB UEs from MBB-service-prioritized cells
NOTICE
Modification of the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag parameter will trigger automatic reset of the cell.
Event A4 is always used for measurement performed to trigger handovers of WBB UEs. (If a
UE supports CA, event A4 is replaced by event A5 when the eNodeB sends measurement
configurations to the UE. The thresholds used for event A5 reporting are always set to the
largest values.) Neighboring frequencies that are used only for MBB-service-prioritized cells
are filtered out from the neighboring frequencies to be measured by WBB UEs.
The following event A4 thresholds for service-request-based inter-frequency handovers are
used as the thresholds for carrier-attribute-based inter-frequency handovers:
l RSRP threshold used to trigger event A4 reporting for service request-based inter-
frequency handovers (InterFreqHoGroup.SrvReqHoA4ThdRsrp)
l RSRQ threshold used to trigger event A4 reporting for service request-based inter-
frequency handovers (InterFreqHoGroup.SrvReqHoA4ThdRsrq)
Default values of the preceding parameters tend to cause handover failures. Therefore, if this
feature is required, increase the event A4 thresholds for service-based inter-frequency
handovers. In addition, the preceding parameters are configured for each QCI. The
IntraRatHoComm.InterFreqHoA4TrigQuan specifies whether the RSRP, RSRQ, or both
are used to trigger event A4 reporting, and IntraRatHoComm.InterFreqHoA4RprtQuan
specifies whether the RSRP or RSRQ used for event reporting or both values are reported for
event A4.
l If a UE supports CA, event A4 is replaced by event A5 when the eNodeB sends measurement
configurations to the UE. In this case, the InterFreqHoGroup.InterFreqHoA5Thd1Rsrp and
InterFreqHoGroup.InterFreqHoA5Thd1Rsrq parameters are always set to the largest values.
l For details about the procedures for delivering and processing measurement configurations related to
event A4 or A5, see Mobility Management in Connected Mode.
After receiving an event A4 or A5 measurement report, the eNodeB generates a target cell
list, determines a target cell, and then initiates a handover to the target cell.
After triggering measurement for a carrier-attribute-based inter-frequency handover, the
eNodeB starts a timer used to wait for an inter-frequency A4-event measurement report for a
service-based handover. The timer duration is specified by the
ServiceIfHoCfgGroup.A4RptWaitingTimer parameter and is 3s by default. If the WBB UE
fails to be handed over before the timer expires, the eNodeB triggers a blind redirection
process. In this case, an inter-frequency blind redirection is triggered preferentially. If it fails,
an inter-RAT blind redirection is triggered. Blind redirection can be implemented when the
following conditions are met:
l Inter-frequency blind redirection is implemented if all of the following conditions are
met:
– Other types of cells have been configured as neighboring cells of an MBB-service-
prioritized cell.
– The EutranInterFreqNCell.BlindHoPriority parameter is set to a value in the
range of 1–16 for the other types of neighboring inter-frequency cells of an MBB-
service-prioritized cell. Alternatively, the EutranInterNFreq.ConnFreqPriority
parameter is set to a value in the range of 1–16 for neighboring frequencies of an
MBB-service-prioritized cell.
When blind redirection is triggered, the target frequency is selected based on the
BlindHoPriority values set for candidate frequencies. If the target frequency cannot be
determined, it is selected again based on the ConnFreqPriority values set for candidate
frequencies. WBB UEs that cannot be blindly redirected will not be released.
This function increases the number of handovers and affects handover-related KPIs.
MBB UEs mentioned in the following in this section refer to non-emergency-call MBB UEs.
Balancing WBB and MBB UE loads maximizes network resources and ensure that:
l WBB UEs have the same experience in common cells as in WBB-service-specified cells.
l MBB UEs have the same experience in common cells as in MBB-service-prioritized
cells.
If both WBB and MBB UEs are active in a cell that has neighboring WBB-service-specified
and MBB-service-prioritized cells, the target cell selection mechanism for MLB-oriented
inter-frequency handover or redirection is as follows:
l For principles of and engineering guidelines for MLB, see Intra-RAT Mobility Load Balancing.
l WBB and MBB UEs cannot be transferred for MLB if multi-operator core network (MOCN) is
implemented for RAN sharing.
NOTICE
l If the eNodeB serving an external cell is not managed by the U2020, the U2020 cannot
query the cell configurations on this eNodeB and therefore, does not support automatic
addition of this external cell by ANR.
l Before selecting the SPEC_CELL_FLAG_QUERY_SW option of the
ANR.SpecServiceCellQuerySw parameter, ensure that the ADD_NCELL_CFG_SW
option of the GlobalProcSwitch.X2BasedUptNcellCfgSwitch parameter is deselected to
avoid transmission of incorrect carrier attribute information of neighboring cells through
the X2 interface.
If the U2020 does not support eNodeB's query about attributes of new external cells,
neighboring non-common cells automatically added by ANR are configured as common cells.
In this case, you need to check and manually correct their carrier attributes.
If the U2020 supports eNodeB's query about attributes of new external cells and the
SPEC_CELL_FLAG_QUERY_SW option of the ANR.SpecServiceCellQuerySw
parameter is deselected, all neighboring cells automatically added by ANR are treated as
common cells by default. In this case, MBB UEs are possibly handed over to WBB-service-
specified cells (treated as common cells). Upon detecting MBB UEs in these cells, the
eNodeB triggers carrier-attribute-based handovers to transfer MBB UEs to common cells. If
the target common cells are still WBB-service-specified cells, handovers are performed again.
This results in repeated handovers of MBB UEs.
5.2.1 Benefits
Configuration of MBB-service-prioritized and WBB-service-specified cells ensures sufficient
resources for WBB and MBB UEs. In addition, operators can separately manage mobile
services and broadband access services and achieve separate asset and cost settlement.
It is recommended that this function be enabled when two or more carriers are deployed and
WBB and MBB services are provided using different carriers. It is recommended that MBB-
service-prioritized cells cover contiguous areas, interspersed with WBB-service-specified
cells, and WBB UE numbers be allocated only in WBB coverage areas.
5.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
l System capacity
– Service-specified carriers are used to ensure separate operation of WBB and MBB
services, preventing potential MBB network congestion caused by WBB UE
increase.
– Due to use of service-specified carriers, UEs are transferred between cells. This
causes carrier aggregation (CA) resource decoupling from UEs and decreases the
number of CA UEs.
l Network performance
– Carriers are distinguished for WBB and MBB services. Therefore, WBB and MBB
UEs have no impact on each other in terms of traffic volume and user experience.
– WBB-service-specified cells preferentially serve WBB and emergency-call MBB
UEs, and non-emergency-call MBB UEs are handed over out of the cells. MBB-
service-prioritized cells preferentially serve MBB UEs, and WBB UEs are handover
over out of these cells. As a result, the number of handovers rises. If a UE's
handover fails, blind redirection is triggered. If the blind redirection still fails, the
UE is released. Then, the UE will attempt to access the network again. This will
increase signaling overhead of eNodeBs.
– Prohibition of non-emergency-call MBB UEs' handover into WBB-service-
specified cells and that of WBB UEs' handover into MBB-service-prioritized cells
may decrease the number of inter-cell handovers.
– If the function of querying attributes of new external cells on the U2020 is enabled
and missing neighboring cell configuration is detected at handover preparation, the
eNodeB initiates the procedure for querying the carrier attribute of neighboring
cells on the U2020. This procedure lasts for a long time (up to 3 minutes
sometimes) due to a long delay and may affect the handover. If no candidate target
cell is available for the handover, a service drop may occur. In addition, addition of
external cells may not be completed in time due to a long duration of U2020
responding. The UE has to attempt to obtain cell global identifications (CGIs) for
multiple times. This slightly increases the air interface resource consumption.
– If both the specified service carrier and CA features are used, WBB-service-
specified cells must not be used as secondary serving cells (SCells) for MBB UEs
and MBB-service-prioritized cells must not be used as SCells for WBB UEs. The
specified service carrier feature may affect UEs' CA service experience or related
KPIs.
Function Impacts
RAT Function Function Reference Description
Name Switch
1. CA does not allow WBB-service-specified cells to be used as SCells for MBB UEs, or MBB-
service-prioritized cells to be used as SCells for WBB UEs.
2. Supported: ANR automatically configures the automatically added neighboring cells as common
cells. In this case, you need to manually check the carrier attributes of neighboring cells to avoid
inconsistency between the carrier attributes of neighboring cells automatically added by ANR and
the actual carrier attributes.
Not supported: no impact
5.3 Requirements
5.3.1 Licenses
The following are FDD license requirements.
5.3.2 Software
Prerequisite Functions
RAT Function Function Reference Description
Name Switch
5.3.3 Hardware
Boards
None
RF Modules
None
5.3.4 Networking
Non-common cells (WBB-service-specified and MBB-service-prioritized cells) are deployed
only for separate operation of WBB and MBB services. Therefore, only the inter-frequency
co-coverage networking mode is suitable for deploying common and non-common cells, as
shown in Figure 5-7.
Figure 5-7 Common and non-common cells with the same radius
Figure 5-8 WBB-service-specified cell with a larger radius than another cell of a different
type
To retain KPIs, such as access and handover success rates after deployment of non-common
cells, you are advised to configure the same radius for co-coverage WBB-service-specified
and other types of cells.
If a WBB-service-specified cell has a smaller radius than another cell of a different type, MBB UEs can
normally access or be handed over to the other cell (MBB-service-prioritized or common).
In scenarios of separate WBB and MBB service provision, operators expect non-common
cells to serve only the specific UE types. Configuration of secondary component carriers
(SCCs) must adhere to this rule. Figure 5-9 illustrates the CA rules of different types of cells.
If CA is enabled when no common cells are deployed, at least two WBB or MBB carriers
must be used for CA.
5.3.5 Others
Before deployment, confirm the WBB UE development plan and neighbor relationships
between existing cells and newly added WBB-service-specified and MBB-service-prioritized
cells. The neighbor relationship information is used to set the carrier attribute in the
EutranExternalCell MO for neighboring cells.
NOTICE
l If the specified service carrier feature is enabled, carrier attributes of external cells must be
configured or updated based on their attributes configured on their serving eNodeBs.
l Modification of the Cell.SpecifiedCellFlag parameter will trigger automatic reset of the
cell.
l Before setting the SpecifiedCellFlag parameter to SPECSERCELL for an external cell,
ensure that the license for this feature has been activated. Otherwise, handovers of
common UEs are affected, and common UEs cannot use the carrier corresponding to the
newly configured MBB-service-prioritized or WBB-service-specified cell as the SCC
when performing CA services.
l Before selecting the SPEC_CELL_FLAG_QUERY_SW option of the
ANR.SpecServiceCellQuerySw parameter, ensure that the ADD_NCELL_CFG_SW
option of the GlobalProcSwitch.X2BasedUptNcellCfgSwitch parameter is deselected to
avoid transmission of incorrect carrier attribute information of neighboring cells through
the X2 interface.
l The event A4 threshold for service-request-based inter-frequency handovers is used as the
threshold for carrier-attribute-based inter-frequency handovers. If the default event A4
threshold is used for service-request-based inter-frequency handovers, handovers are likely
to fail. Therefore, if this feature is required, increase the event A4 thresholds for service-
based inter-frequency handovers. The IntraRatHoComm.InterFreqHoA4TrigQuan
parameter determines which threshold in the InterFreqHoGroup MO is used.
Before enabling this feature, you need to configure prerequisite and mutually exclusive functions
according to 5.3.2 Software. For details, see the "Operation and Maintenance" section of the
corresponding feature.
Step 2 On the U2020, choose Monitor > Signaling Trace > Signaling Trace Management > Uu
Interface Trace to create a Uu interface tracing task. Check messages traced over the Uu
interface. If the MesaConfig IE (inter-frequency measurement configurations) is included in
the RRC_CONN_RECFG message sent by the eNodeB, the specified service carrier has been
activated.
Step 3 Check the RRC_CONN_RECFG message, which is the handover command sent from the
eNodeB after it receives an A4-event-based inter-frequency measurement report from the UE
for a carrier-attribute-based handover. If the target cell indicated by the message is a common
cell, a carrier-attribute-based inter-frequency handover has been triggered.
----End
6 Parameters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter documents match the software version
with which this document is released.
You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference and used reserved parameter list for the software
version used on the live network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ 1: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from parameter
reference?
Step 2 On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and choose
Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, LOFD-001016 or TDLOFD-001016.
Step 3 Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
FAQ 2: How do I find the information about a certain reserved parameter from the used
reserved parameter list?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of the used reserved parameter list.
Step 2 On the Used Reserved Parameter List sheet, use the MO, Parameter ID, and BIT columns
to locate the reserved parameter, which may be only a bit of a parameter. View its
information, including the meaning, values, impacts, and product version in which it is
activated for use.
----End
7 Counters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the software
version with which this document is released.
l Node Performance Counter Summary: contains device and transport counters.
l eNodeBFunction Performance Counter Summary: contains all counters related to radio
access functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility control,
and radio resource management.
You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used on the live
network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from performance counter
reference?
Step 2 On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, LOFD-001016 or TDLOFD-001016.
Step 3 Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
8 Glossary
9 Reference Documents
1. ANR Management
2. DRX and Signaling Control
3. QoS Management
4. RAN Sharing
5. Scheduling
6. Flexible User Steering
7. Video Experience Optimization
8. Mobility Management in Connected Mode
9. Intra-RAT Mobility Load Balancing
10. Channel State Management
11. Carrier Aggregation
12. Rate Control Based on User Types
13. Massive MIMO (TDD)
14. LTE Spectrum Coordination