Laboratory number 2, Reversal of motor

rotation and Sequential start of three

Dependent Motors.
Name of the members: Nogales Núñez Nicol.
College: Universidad Católica Boliviana “San Pablo”
Teacher's name: Ing. Fernando Vargas Fernandez
Code and name of the discipline: IND-203 (Automated Processes)
Department of Mechatronic and Industrial Engineering
Date of realization: 23/03/2020
- Theory of the two circuits:

1.- Reversal of motor rotation

The following devices intervene in circuit number one: motor

protection, biphasic thermomagnetic circuit breaker, contactor,
auxiliary contactor, thermal relay, motor, gear buttons (both for
the left and right side), stop button and a pilot light in case of
overcurrent. Many times it is not possible to see pushbuttons in
this type of circuits, but time sensors or limit switches.
In the power circuit, when the first button is pressed the motor
rotates clockwise, then it is necessary to press the stop button and
then press the second start button to verify the rotation in the
opposite direction, so that a counterclockwise direction occurs it Pic.2. Sequential start of three Dependent
is necessary to change two lines of force within the three that Motors
exist. In the circuit it does not allow you an abrupt change of the
turn or short circuit in the motor for two reasons: it is necessary -Complete the technical data in this table according to each
to press the stop button if or if and also because the contactor armed circuit
prevents it.

2.- Sequential start of three Dependent Motors

The following devices intervene in circuit number two: three-phase

thermomagnetic circuit breaker, single-phase thermomagnetic
circuit breaker, three contactors, three auxiliary contactors, a
thermal relay, three motors, three start buttons (for each motor),
stop button and pilot light. The objective of this circuit is to start
three motors or machines in a sequential way, one after the other,
respecting an established order, that is to say that when motor
number one is activated, it will send a signal to motor number for
its activation and this will give the signal However, the signal type
is not automatic but through independent pushbuttons. The
thermal protection is given by the thermal relay, it must be
graduated based on an amperage according to the nominal current
plus 25% of it and when the motor has an overcurrent there will
be the circuit. If one of the motors gets to have a problem with the
electric current, the disconnection will be of the three motors at
the same time since it is connected in series due to the thermal
relay.

- Insert the 2 circuits to be assembled in photo capture

Pic. 1.Reversal of motor rotation

No. Devices Characteristics Observations
Emergency Allows the system to be Connection Connection of
1 1 Unit/Red
button cut instantly/10A Nr Observations
of terminals for
As the nominal current of the o.
Lets the biphasic current terminals left turn.
Biphasic motor is 0.4 A, taking into for right
go if it’s closed and it
2 thermomagnetic account other currents, it is side
closes itself if there is a rotation
relay recommended to put a power
short circuit. 220VCA/ 6A
of 6A biphasic
1 Phase 1 – 1 Phase 1 – 1 The change in
Lets the biphasic current Phase 2 – 2 Phase 2 – 3 motor rotation
Single-phasic
go if it’s closed and it Phase 3 - 3 Phase 3 – 2 can be clearly
3 thermomagnetic
closes itself if there is a observed in an
relay
short circuit. 220VCA/ 6A anti-clockwise
As the nominal current of the manner if the
Lets the three-phase union were:
Three-phase motor is 0.4 A, taking into
current go if it’s closed
4 thermomagnetic account other currents, it is Phase 1 – 2
and it closes itself if there
relay recommended to put a power Phase 2 – 1
is a short circuit.
of 6A threephasic Phase 3 – 3
Lets the three-phase
- Practical applications of circuits
current go when the 1- Reversal of motor rotation.
5 Contactor 3 Units
biphasic current is flowing. Circuit number one has practical applications in:
3HP/ 4KW - 9 KW  Conveyer belt
 Extractors and fans
Three-phase,
6 Motor drive 3 Units  Crane bridge
0.25HP/380VCA  Lifts
Auxiliary Keeps the current flowing  Industrial spin washers
7 3 Unit
contact with a pulse
Closes the current flow
when there is and - Complete the following table based on the three-
8 Thermal relay overcharge and then 1 Unit motor sequential starting circuit
shorts its normally open
poles. 1A-1.3A
It is recommended to size the
The power circuit cable is
Power circuit circuit with one of 1.5 mm2,
9 charge of conducting the
cable despite the fact that the
high voltage. 1.5 mm2
calculations say with 1mm2
The command control
Remote control cable is in charge of
10
cable conducting the electric
current. Sized in 1 mm2
Pilot light is responsible for
informing the operator if 3 Units/ green, red.
11 Pilot light
the machine is running or a Red in case of overcurrent
fault occurs. 10A
Normally 2 Units/Green.
Lets the biphasic current
12 opened push two push buttons to create a
go when pushed/10 A
button left and right side simulation
Normally closed Cuts the current flow
13 1 Unit/Red
push button when pushed/10A
Electrical protection
element that protects Can be used in exchange for
14 Motor guard against short circuits and triphasic thermomagnetic
overcurrents at the same circuit breaker
time 1-1.6A

- Motor connection terminals

Nro Motor Motor Motor Nominal Observation
. Rated Rated Rated current of s
Current 1 Current 2 Current 3 the entire
and and and automatic
mechanica mechanica mechanica circuit
l power l power l power
1 1.15 A 0.95 A 1.61 A Teoric:
0.73 HP 0.61 HP 1.03 HP 3.71 A
Practical
:
3.55

-Practical application of sequential starting of three motors

1.- Sequential start of three Dependent Motors

Circuit number two can be used in the following cases:
 Sequential start of water pumps for filling tanks
 Sequential start of air injectors
 Sequential start for cylinder opening
 Sequential start for turnstile

- Conclusions

The circuit Reversal of motor rotation used in a wide variety of

industry applications. Moving part of a machine tool, raising and
lowering a winch to raise or lower a load, or moving a crane
bridge back and forth are just a few examples.
In these applications it is very common to have to control the
direction of rotation of the motor, to be able to choose in which
direction the mechanism under its control moves.

The sequential start of three dependent motors with push buttons

is a practical circuit for demonstrations, however in the industry it
is possible to find them with timers, sensors or limit switches as
they become more efficient. However, the didactic objectives for
the student were met.

- Bibliographic reference

(1) Reverse Turn of a Three-Phase Motor

http://www.frt.utn.edu.ar/tecnoweb/imagenes/file/Apuntes
%20del%20Dpto%20Electrica/PR%C3%81CTICAS%20DE
%20AUTOMATISMOS%20EL%C3%89CTRICOS.pdf
(2) http://dspace.unl.edu.ec:9001/jspui/bitstream/123456789/18149/
1/Fernandez%20Machuca%2C%20Byron%20Ignacio.pdf

(3) Sequential start of three Dependent Motors

https://es.slideshare.net/AcademiaTecnica/9-arranque-tres-
motores-trifasicos-en-cascada-i
(4) https://www.academia.edu/37712232/INSTITUTO_NACIONAL
_TECNOL%C3%93GICO_DIRECCI
%C3%93N_GENERAL_DE_FORMACI
%C3%93N_PROFESIONAL_DIRECCI%C3%92N_T
%C3%88CNICA_DOCENTE_DEPARTAMENTO_DE_CURR
%C3%8DCULO_MANUAL_PARA_EL_PARTICIPANTE_CO
NTROL_ELECTROMEC%C3%81NICO