Student Name: Nguyen Duc Minh

Lesson 5: Virtual Lab

Punnett Squares

Data
Record your data on the computer in the table.

Ratio of Offspring Genotype and Phenotype for Parents in a Given

Scenario

Scenario Genotype of Parent Genotype of Parent Ratio of Offspring Ratio of Offspring

# 1 2 Genotype Phenotype
2 Gg (50%
heterozygous) & 2
gg (50% 50% gray-bodied fly
1 Gg gg homozygous and 50% black-
recessive) bodied

2 Gg : 2 gg
2 Gg (50%
heterozygous); 1 GG
(25% homozygous
dominant) & 1 gg 75% gray-bodied fly
2 Gg Gg and 25% black-
(25% homozygous
recessive) bodied

1 GG : 2Gg : 1Gg

3 LL ll 4 Ll (100%
100% long-winged
heterozygous)
2 LL (50%
homozygous
dominant) & 2 Ll
4 LL Ll
(50% heterozygous) 100% long-winged

2 LL : 2Ll
5 Ll Ll 2 Ll (50%
heterozygous), 1 LL 75% long-winged fly
(25% homozygous and 25% vestigial-
   

dominant) & 1 ll
(25% homozygous
recessive) winged

1 LL : 2Ll : 1 ll
2 GG (50%
homozygous
dominant) and 2 Gg
6 GG Gg
(50% heterozygous) 100% gray-bodied

2 GG : 2 Gg

2 Ll 50%
heterozygous () and 50% long-winged fly
2 ll (50%
7 Ll ll and 50% vestigial-
homozygous
recessive) winged
2 Ll : 2 ll

8 GG gg 4 Ll (100%
100% gray-bodied
heterozygous)

4 ll (100%
9 ll ll 100% vestigial-
homozygous
winged
recessive)

4 gg (100%
10 gg gg homozygous 100% black-bodied
recessive)

Journal Questions

Answer the four questions from the Lab Journal.  

1. For one of the monohybrid crosses you performed in this investigation, describe how to
use the phenotype ratios to determine the percentage of offspring displaying each trait.
- Using phenotype ratios we can compare how many of the offspring have dominant
trait/recessive trait.
   

- For instance, in example 1, we have 50% gray-bodied fly and 50% black-bodied,
therefore half of the offspring contain dominant trait, and the other half contain
recessive trait.

2. Can the genotype for a gray-bodied fly be determined? Why or why not? Describe all of
the possible genotypes for a fly with that phenotype.
- We can by using a punnett square lab. Because gray-bodied is a dominant trait, a
gray-bodied fly will be either homozygous (GG) or heterozygous (Gg).

-
Grey-bodied fly’s genotype:
If all the offspring are grey-bodied thus the parent genotype is homozygous
dominant (GG). On the other hand, if the offspring are the mixture of 50%
heterozygous (2 Gg) & 50% homozygous recessive (2 gg) thus the parent genotype is
heterozygous (Gg)

- Without the punnet square lab, it is impossible to determine the genotype of a gray-
bodied fly since it can be either homozygous (GG) or heterozygous (Gg)

3. Explain why an organism with a homozygous dominant genotype has the same
phenotype as an organism with a heterozygous genotype.
- The phenotype will be depend on whether the genotype contain dominant trait or
not since it will express the dominant trait if there is one. Homozygous dominant
and heterozygous both contain the dominant allele and therefore will display the
same phenotype. For instance, homozygous grey-bodied (GG) and heterozygous
grey-bodied both contain the G-allele (grey-bodied) and therefore express the grey-
bodied phenotype.

4. What genetic information can be obtained from a Punnett square? What genetic
information cannot be determined from a Punnett square?
- A Punnett square is used to obtain all the possible options of how the alleles can
combine. From the result we can come up with the ratio of the offspring genotype
and phenotype. Even though we can use Punnett square to predict the possibilities,
we cannot predict the actual final result.