3.

x = 201720172017 X 2016201620162016

= 2017 (100010001) X 2016 (1000100010001)

y = 201620162016 X 2017201720172017

= 2016 (100010001) X 2017 (1000100010001)

a b c d
x− y = [ 2017(100010001) X 2016 (1000100010001) ]

c b a d
[ 2016(100010001) X 2017 (1000100010001)]

=0

x− y = abcd - cbad

= abcd - abcd

=0

( x− y )2017 = 02017 = 0

7. a. U21 = a . r n−1

1 1 21-1
= .
3 2

1 1 20
= .
3 2

1 1
= .
3 1.048 .576
 1
= 3.145.728

a ( 1−r n)
b. S17 = 1−r

1 1 17
=3
(1−
2 )
1
1−
2
1 1

=
3 (1−
131.072 )
1
2

1 131.071 2
= ( )
3 131.072 1

2 131.071
= 3 ( 131.072 ) 65. 536
131.071
= 196.608