Table of content

-Objectives…………………………………………………………..page-2-
-Equipment …………………………………………………………page-2-
-Theory………………………………………………………………page-2-
-Calculation………………………………………………………….page-3-&-4
-Discussion…………………………………………………………..page-5-
 Experiment No.3
Ohm’s Law

Objective(s):
To verify the following two equivalent forms of ohm’s law:
Represent I as a function of V and R.
Represent V as a function of I and R.
Plot the current versus voltage relation.

Equipments:
1. Breadboard.
2. DC power supply.
3. Wires
4. Resistors (1k) ohm.
5. Voltmeter and Ammeter.

Theory:
Ohm’s law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage
and inversely proportional to the circuit resistance.
According to this law:
R=V/I
The German physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, states two laws which when coupled with
ohm’s law, one get a sufficient and a powerful setoff tools for analyzing a large variety of
electric circuits.
Calculation and resulting:
In this experiment, we taken the voltage (1v, 2v, 3v, 5v, 7v, 9v), and Resistance (1k or
1000Ω ), then we used DC power supply for measuring current (I), so we get (I) as shown
in table (1).

Now we will calculate resistance, error:

Where V=1v and I=1.096*10−3 A R=V/I = 1/1.096¿ 10−3 =912.41 Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=9.6
Where V=2v and I=2.187*10−3 A R=V/I = 2/2.187¿ 10−3=914.49Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=9.4
V=3v and I=3.153*10−3 A R=V/I = 3/3.153¿ 10−3=951.48Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=5.1
V=5v and I=5.170*10−3 A R=V/I = 5/5.170¿ 10−3=967.1Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=3.40
V=7v and I=7.100*10−3 A R=V/I = 7/7.100¿ 10−3=985.9Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=1.43
V=9v and I=9.163*10−3 A R=V/I = 9/9.163¿ 10−3=982.2Ω
Error =¿)*100 =¿)*100=1.81

No. Voltage(v) Current(mA) Resistance (Ω ¿ Error

1 1v 1.096 mA 912.41 Ω 9.6
2 2v 2.187 mA 914.49Ω 9.4
3 3v 3.153 mA 951.48Ω 5.1
4 5v 5.170 mA 967.1Ω 3.40
5 7v 7.100 mA 985.9Ω 1.43
6 9v 9.163mA 982.2Ω 1.81
Table-1-

Discussion
From this lab we learned that current and voltage hold a direct relationship for resistive
components (they are linearly proportional), and as we found the relationship between
current and voltage by the curve in fig (1) that the voltage increase with increasing current.
Also the factors that the resistors depended on are current (I) and voltage (V) depending
on ohm’s law which is R=V/I, so from this law we know that R is inversely proportional
to I, and directly proportional to V, for example: if we take, I=3A and V=1v we will get
R=1/3=0.333Ω but if we take, I=1A and V=3v we will get R=3/1=3Ω , so how much we
increase I the R is decreasing but how much we increase V the R is increasing as we
proved .if we look the our result, we found the some error and this error may come’s from
when we take it voltage, we didn’t measure the current correctly and we didn’t take time
to be stable and may because of the frequency of our general electric not stable.