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Marine Control Systems: Integrated
Systems for All Aspects of Ships
Operations
Marine Machinery, Engines & Controls / By Chief Engineer Mohit
Sanguri / Marine Engineering
Introduction
Within the environment of a marine plant there are many
parameters which need to be controlled or monitored including:
temperatures, pressure, level, viscosity, flow control, speed,
torque control, voltage, current, machinery status (on/ off), and
equipment status (open/ closed).

In olden times it was the role of the watch keeping engineers to

monitor and control the machinery plant. This was achieved by
periodically taking rounds around the engine room and
manually inspecting the condition of the running machinery.
Often the engineer was totally dependent on his natural senses,
frequently supported by only the minimum of widely distributed
simple monitoring devices.

The demand to reduce manning level led to the development of

automatic control arrangements for the engine room plant which
enabled unattended operation of machinery spaces. With
vessels capable of safe operation for any period of time in this
mode, those ships were qualified as UMS (Unattended
Machinery Space) ships.
In these types of ships, all the control systems and monitoring
facilities are grouped together in an Engine Control Room and
the ship machinery can also be controlled from this station.

Initially the control room was located in the engine room, with
extended monitoring and alarm systems to the bridge and in the
accommodation while the ship is running in UMS. But as of
recent development, ships are built with the engine control room
adjacent to the bridge.

In the latest trend, the control room uses the total integrated
systems for all aspects of ship operation which includes engine
room operation, cargo operation, navigation, and general
administration.

Bridge Control of Main Engine

Marine Control Systems: Integrated

Systems for All Aspects of Ships
Operations
Marine Machinery, Engines & Controls / By Chief Engineer Mohit
Sanguri / Marine Engineering
Introduction
Within the environment of a marine plant there are many
parameters which need to be controlled or monitored including:
temperatures, pressure, level, viscosity, flow control, speed,
torque control, voltage, current, machinery status (on/ off), and
equipment status (open/ closed).
In olden times it was the role of the watch keeping engineers to
monitor and control the machinery plant. This was achieved by
periodically taking rounds around the engine room and
manually inspecting the condition of the running machinery.
Often the engineer was totally dependent on his natural senses,
frequently supported by only the minimum of widely distributed
simple monitoring devices.

The demand to reduce manning level led to the development of

automatic control arrangements for the engine room plant which
enabled unattended operation of machinery spaces. With
vessels capable of safe operation for any period of time in this
mode, those ships were qualified as UMS (Unattended
Machinery Space) ships.

In these types of ships, all the control systems and monitoring

facilities are grouped together in an Engine Control Room and
the ship machinery can also be controlled from this station.

Initially the control room was located in the engine room, with
extended monitoring and alarm systems to the bridge and in the
accommodation while the ship is running in UMS. But as of
recent development, ships are built with the engine control room
adjacent to the bridge.

In the latest trend, the control room uses the total integrated
systems for all aspects of ship operation which includes engine
room operation, cargo operation, navigation, and general
administration.
Bridge Control of Main Engine
Bridge control of Main Engines:
Automatic control of the starting of the main engine can be done
from the bridge as well as in Engine control room. The
automatic controls employed in starting the engine is by the
following sequence:

1. Automatic control used in correctly positioning of the cam

shaft.
 2. Admitting starting air
3. Admitting fuel
4. Starting air shut off
5. Speed adjustment to the value required
Thus the engine is started and the various parameters like
temperature, pressure, flow and tank level have to measured at
every watch to make sure that the engine is running safely.

Temperatures of lube oil, JCW, exhaust gas, etc. are measured.

Pressures of lube oil, JCW, fuel oil, and starting air etc. are
measured.

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Flow of fuel oil is measured while running.

Tank levels of Heavy fuel oil, diesel oil, and lube oil are
measured.

For measuring the parameters we make use of the transducers,

in turn sending the input signal to the automatic control system.
Boiler Control System
Boiler control systems:

Automatic control of boiler is also done from the engine control

room. The automatic systems employed in controlling the
following:

1. Boiler system (open / closed feed)

2. Steam pressure
3. Steam temperature
4. Water level
5. Feed water level
6. Feed pump
7. Feed water temperature
8. Fuel oil system
9. Air heater
10. Smoke density
11. Force draught fan
Thus if any of the above automatic system fails it give alarm
and trips the boiler for a safe operation.

Turbine and Reduction Gear

In case of the steam propulsion ship the steam from the boiler
enters in to the turbine and in turn it is coupled with reduction
gear so some of the automatic controls used are.

1. Controlling the speed of the rotation of the turbine in turn it

controls the speed of the ship.
2. Bleeder valve control
3. Lube oil temperature control.
 4. Over speed trip control.
5. Condensate system.
Diesel Generator
This is employed in automatic starting and stopping of the
auxiliary generator from the engine control room. So of the
automatic control used are:

1. Starting and stopping of the engine according to the load

demand.
2. Synchronization of incoming generator.
3. Closing the circuit breaker
4. Load sharing between the alternators
5. Maintaining the supply frequency and voltage.
6. Engine and alternator fault protection
7. Preferential tripping of non-essential loads.
Turbo Generator
In case if the steam propulsion ships they use turbo Generators
for generating the power. In this type the small Steam turbines
are coupled with the alternators and the automatic controls
used are

1. Reset governor trip level.

2. Reset emergency stop valve.
3. Staring auxiliary lube oil pump
4. Staring the circulating pump
5. Apply gland steam
6. Starting extraction pump
7. Staring the air ejector
8. Opening the steam valve.
These are some of the automation commonly used in marine
environment.
Bridge control of Main Engines:
Automatic control of the starting of the main engine can be done
from the bridge as well as in Engine control room. The
automatic controls employed in starting the engine is by the
following sequence:

1. Automatic control used in correctly positioning of the cam

shaft.
 2. Admitting starting air
3. Admitting fuel
4. Starting air shut off
5. Speed adjustment to the value required
Thus the engine is started and the various parameters like
temperature, pressure, flow and tank level have to measured at
every watch to make sure that the engine is running safely.

Temperatures of lube oil, JCW, exhaust gas, etc. are measured.

Pressures of lube oil, JCW, fuel oil, and starting air etc. are
measured.

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Flow of fuel oil is measured while running.

Tank levels of Heavy fuel oil, diesel oil, and lube oil are
measured.

For measuring the parameters we make use of the transducers,

in turn sending the input signal to the automatic control system.
Boiler Control System
Boiler control systems:

Automatic control of boiler is also done from the engine control

room. The automatic systems employed in controlling the
following:

1. Boiler system (open / closed feed)

2. Steam pressure
3. Steam temperature
4. Water level
5. Feed water level
6. Feed pump
7. Feed water temperature
8. Fuel oil system
9. Air heater
10. Smoke density
11. Force draught fan
Thus if any of the above automatic system fails it give alarm
and trips the boiler for a safe operation.

Turbine and Reduction Gear

In case of the steam propulsion ship the steam from the boiler
enters in to the turbine and in turn it is coupled with reduction
gear so some of the automatic controls used are.

1. Controlling the speed of the rotation of the turbine in turn it

controls the speed of the ship.
2. Bleeder valve control
3. Lube oil temperature control.
 4. Over speed trip control.
5. Condensate system.
Diesel Generator
This is employed in automatic starting and stopping of the
auxiliary generator from the engine control room. So of the
automatic control used are:

1. Starting and stopping of the engine according to the load

demand.
2. Synchronization of incoming generator.
3. Closing the circuit breaker
4. Load sharing between the alternators
5. Maintaining the supply frequency and voltage.
6. Engine and alternator fault protection
7. Preferential tripping of non-essential loads.
Turbo Generator
In case if the steam propulsion ships they use turbo Generators
for generating the power. In this type the small Steam turbines
are coupled with the alternators and the automatic controls
used are

1. Reset governor trip level.

2. Reset emergency stop valve.
3. Staring auxiliary lube oil pump
4. Staring the circulating pump
5. Apply gland steam
6. Starting extraction pump
7. Staring the air ejector
8. Opening the steam valve.
These are some of the automation commonly used in marine
environment.