DESIGN OF INDRUSTIAL ROOF TRUSS

I) Basic Data of Truss Design

Span of Truss (w) = 14 m

C/C Spacing bet Truss = 6m
No of Bays in Truss = 10
Total Length of Building = 60 m
Ht of Column bet FFL to Gantry Level = 12 m

Ht of Column from Gantry to Truss 6m

=
Total Height of Column (h) = 18 m
Pitch of Truss = 1 in 4
Location of indrustial Shed = Chennai
Permability = 0.5 -0.5
A) Basic Features of Truss
1) Rise of Truss Rise
= Pitch
(Span/2)

7
Rise =
4

Rise = 1.75
Say Rise = 3.30 m

2) Length of Principal Rafter = 7.74 m

3) No of Panel
Assuming Maximum Distance bet purlin = 3.36 m

No of Panel = Lenth of Principal Rafter

Length of Each Panel

7.74
=
3.36
= 2.303233
Say = 4 nos

4) Angle of Roof Truss tan α = Rise

(Span/2)
α= 25.241
5)Plan area of Sheet = 7m x

6) Slope Area of Sheet = 7.74 m x

B) Dead Load of Truss (As per IS 875 part_1)

1) Weight of Roof Sheet

Assume weight of GI Sheet = 250 N/m2
Total Weight of Roof Sheet = 250 x
= 11608.294 N

2) Weight of Purlin
Assume unit Weight of Purlin = 120 N/m2
Total weight of Purlin = 120 x
= 5040 N

3) Self Weight of Roof Truss  L 

W   5  x10 N / m 2
 3 

60
= '+5 x 10
3

= 96.666667 N/m2

Total Weight of Truss = W x Plan area

= 96.666667 x
= 4060 N

4) Self Weight of Wind Bracing

Assuming Unit Weight of Wind Bracing = 15 N/m2
Total Weight = 15 x
= 630 N

Total DL = 21338.294 N

I .P.P Total DL
=
No of Panel
= 5334.5736 N

E .P.P = I.P.P
2
= 2667.2868 N
B) Live Load of Truss (As per IS 875 part_2)

a) For sloping or flat roof with slopes upto and including 10 degrees. Live load shall be
taken as follows: -
a)      When access is provided: - 1500 N/m2
a)      When access is not provided: - 750 N / m 2. (Except for maintenance)

b) Sloping roof with slope greater than 10 degrees q > 10 0.

= (750 – (q - 10 ) 20 ) x Plan area.
Note : The live load shall not be taken less than 400 N/m 2

Live load on Purlin = (750 – (q - 10 ) 20 ) x Plan area.

= 445.18941 N/m2

Live load on Roof = 2/3 of the Load of the Purlin

= 296.79294 N/m2

Total LL = Live load x Area of Truss

= 296.79294 x 42.00
= 12465.304 N

I .P.P Total L L
= =
No of Panel
= 3116.3259 N

E .P.P = I.P.P =
2
= 1558.163 N

C) Wind Load of Truss (As per IS:875, Part III)

The industrial bldg is located in Chennai

Basic Wind Speed Vb = 50.00 m/sec
 The intensity of pressure may be taken as pz = 0.6 Vz2.
Where pz = wind pressure in N/m2
Vz = Design wind speed at any height z in m/sec.
Vz = Vb x K1 x K2 x K3 x K4
Where Vb = Basic Wind Speed for given site in m/sec
K1 = Probability Factor ( Risk Coefficient)
K2 = Terrain, Height & Structure size Factor
K3 = Topography Factor
K4 = Imporatnce Factor for Cyclonic Region

a) K1 = Probability Factor ( Risk Coefficient)

Consider Life Span 50 Years i.e .

b) K2 = Terrain, Height & Structure size Factor

Terrain Height and Structure Size Factor is as under.
The Shed Height is 18 m
The Shed span is 14 m

Height in Terrain and Height Multiper (K2)

m
20 1.07 For 18 m =
30 1.12

c) K3 = Topography Factor = 1 For level Ground

d) K4 = Imporatnce Factor for Cyclonic Region

Indrustial Structures = 1.15

Design wind Speed Vz = Vb x K1 x K2 x K3 x K4

= 50 x 1x 1.06 x
= 60.95 m/sec
Wind Pressure Pz = 0.6 Vz2
= 2228.9415 N/m2 =

The Design Wind Pressure pd Can be Obtain as pd = Kd x Ka

Kd = wind directionality factor
Ka= area averaging factor,
Kc= combination factor

pd = Kd x Ka x Kc x Pz
= 1x 0.8 x 0.90 x
= 1604.8379 N/m2
Note :- The value of Pd however shall not be taken as less then 0.70 Pz
So for Design Pd = 1604.8379 N/m2
Internal Pressure Coefficient (Cpi) For Roof = ± 0.5
Consider Building with Medium Opening

External Pressure Coefficient (Cpe) For Roof

h 18 m
= = 1.29
w 14 m
α= 25.241
Roof Wind Angle at 0 Wind Angle at 90
Angle Degree Degree
α EF GH EG FH
20.00 -0.70 -0.50 -0.80 -0.60
30.00 -0.20 -0.50 -0.80 -0.80
25.241 -0.438 -0.500 -0.800 -0.70

F = ( Cpe – Cpi ) x A x Pz
= -0.50 - 0.5 x 46.43 x 1605
= 74517.723 N
F = 74.52 kN

I .P.P = Total W L
=
No of Panel
= 18.6 kN
E .P.P = I.P.P =
2
= 9.3 kN

F = ( Cpe – Cpi ) x A x Pz
= -0.80 - 0.5 x 46.43 x 1605
= 96873.039 N
F = 96.87 kN

I .P.P = Total W L
=
No of Panel
= 24.2 kN
E .P.P = I.P.P =
2
= 12.1 kN
 Summary of Loading (kN)
TYPES
OF IPP EPP
LOAD
DL 5.3 2.7
LL 3.1 1.6
WL (90) 18.6 9.3
WL (0) 24.2 12.1

EXTERNAL WIND PRESSURE COEFFICIENT ON WALLS :- ( per Unit Length )

h/w = 1.29 L/W = 4.29

Cpe
Angle
A B C D
0' 0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7
90' -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.1

0 0.70 -0.25 -0.60 -0.60

1.5
90 -0.60 -0.60 0.70 -0.25
1.5
0' 0.70 -0.30 -0.70 -0.70
4
90' -0.50 -0.50 0.70 -0.10

For Regular Bay Consider Wall Height 1 Meter

F = ( Cpe – Cpi ) x A x Pz
= -0.70 - 0.5 x 6.00 x 1605
= 11554.833 N
F = 11.55 kN/ met
For End Bay
F = 5.777 kN/ met

For Regular Bay Consider Wall Height 1 Meter

F = ( Cpe – Cpi ) x A x Pz
= 0.70 - -0.5 x6 x 1605
= -11554.833 N
F = -11.55 kN/ met
For End Bay
F = -5.777 kN/ met
S

ncipal Rafter

= 3.30
7
= 0.471
6 m= 42.00 m2

6 m= 46.43 m2
 46.43
= 11.6083 KN

42.00
= 5.04 KN

0N / m 2

42.00
= 4.06 KN

42.00
= 0.63 KN

= 21.3383 KN

21338
=
4

= 5334.57
2
maintenance)

= 12.4653 KN

12465.304
4

3116.3259
2
t z in m/sec.

i.e. Terrain Category 2.

1.06

For level Ground

1x 1.15

2.2289415 KN/m2

pd = Kd x Ka x Kc x Pz
1.0
0.8
0.9

2228.9415
74.52
4

18.63
2

96.87
4

24.22
2
)
 CHANNEL PURLIN DESIGN FOR
CONVENTIONAL ROOF TRUSSES
DATA :

Spacing of purlin(m) = 1.4

C/C of the trusses(m) = 6
Rise of truss(m) = 3.3
Span of truss(m) = 26
Pitch of truss = 1 in 4
Angle of truss(deg.)[α] = 14.24
Sheeting used = G.I.
Type of sheeting = Brittle
Unit weight of sheets used(kN/m2) = 0.2
Yeild strength of the material(N/mm2)[fy] = 250
LOADS :

Dead Loads:

Self-Wt. of Purlin @ .12 * c/c spacing of purlins (kN/m) = = .12 * c/c spacing of purlins
0.168

Sheeting weight @ .2 kN/m2(kN/m) = = .20 * sapcing b/w the purlins

0.28

Total Dead Load(kN/m) = 0.448

Live Loads:

LL = =0.75−0.02(α−10)
(kN/m2) 0.6651

Live Load on plan area(kN/m) = = LL on sloping area per m2 * spacing b/w the purlins * cosα
0.90

Wind Loads:

Eaves height(m) = 22
Width of the building(m) = 26
Length of the building(m) = 60
Location = Chennai
Basic wind velocity Vb(m/sec) = 50

k1 = 1.00
k2 = 1.08
k3 = 1.00
k4= 1.15
Vz(m/sec) = 62.10

Wind Pressure Pz(kN/m2) = =0.6*Vz2

2.314

External Wind Pressure

h/w 0.846154
External Pressure Coefficient Cpe = -0.7
Permeability of the building = 5% - 20%
Absolute Internal Pressure Coefficient Cpi = 0.5
Total pressure with internal pressure = -1.2
Total pressure with internal suction = -0.2

Design wind pressure = = -1.2* p

(kN/m )
2
-2.78
Design wind force =(kN/m) -3.89

Final Loads on purlin

Wd(kN/m) = 0.448
Wl(kN/m) = 0.90
Ww(kN/m) = -3.89

No. of sag rods used = 1

Span in Z direction(m) = 6
Span in Y direction(m) = 3
 Case-1 Case-2 Case-3
1.5(DL + LL) (0.9DL + 1.5WL) 1.5(DL + WL)

Wz = 1.5(Wd + Wl)*cosα Wz = .9Wd * cosα + 1.5Wl Wz = 1.5Wd * cosα + 1.5Ww

1.96 kN/m -5.44 kN/m -5.18 kN/m

Wy = 1.5(Wd + Wl)*sinα Wy = .9Wd*sinα 2

0.5 kN/m 0.099 kN/m 0.17 kN/m

Mz = 7.06 kN.m Mz = -19.58 kN.m Mz = -18.65 kN.m

Vz = 5.88 kN Vz = -16.32 kN Vz = -15.54 kN
My = 0.45 kN.m My = 0.09 kN.m My = 0.15 kN.m
Vy = 0.75 kN Vy = 0.15 kN Vy = 0.26 kN

Reaction of sag rod from one bay

= 1.1*Wy*ly = 1.1*Wy*ly = 1.1*Wy*ly
1.65 kN 0.33 0.56

TRIAL SECTION:

Trial section may be derived from :

1 Deflection check in y direction for Wz, i.e., gravity loads.

Permissible Deflection = L / 180

d(mm) = (5wl^4)/(384EI) < L / 180

i.e., Izz(mm4) > = (180*5*w*l^3)/(384*E)

3307233

2 For laterally supported beams, h/b = 2

Trial Zpz is given by =𝑀𝑧∗𝛾𝑚0/𝑓𝑦+2.5∗(ℎ/𝑏)∗𝑀𝑦∗𝛾𝑚0/𝑓𝑦

Zpz =
Note that purlin is considered laterally supported by sheetings when gravity loads act. This is because,
compression exists on sheeting face of the purlin. When wind loads act, it becomes laterally unsupported
since sheetings are on tension side and no lateral support exist on compression side. Thus, torsional buckling
shall be considered for bending in z direction.

Here, Zpz(mm3) = 40946.4 (DL + LL)

Zpz(mm3) = -84209.4 (DL + WL)

TRIAL :

Try ISMC150 @ 16.23 kg/m

Section Properties are:

a h b tw tf r1 cyy Izz Iyy Zzz Zyy Zpz Zpy
mm 2
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 4
mm 4
mm 3
mm 3
mm 3
mm3

2068 150 75 5.4 9 9.5 22.2 7794000 1023000 103920 19375 119820 16275.91

so,
d(mm) =ℎ−2∗(𝑡𝑓+𝑟1)

113
MARGIN(%)
Izz = 7794000 mm 3
> 3307233 mm 3
O.K. 135.67
and Zpz = 119820 mm3 > 40946.4 mm3 O.K. 192.63

Secition Classification :
ε =(250/𝑓𝑦)^(1/2) 1 Section βb
b/tf = 8.33 < 9.4ε Plastic 1
d/tw = 20.93 < 42ε Compact 1
Semi-Com 0.87
Hence, the section is Plastic

βb = 1

Check for Moment capacities :

Failure by yeilding

Mdz =βb*Zpz*fy/γm0 <= 1.2*Zez*fy/γm0

γm0 = 1.1

Mdz = 27.23 kNm <= 28.34 kNm

Mdz = 27.23 kNm

Mdy =βb*Zpy*fy/γm0 <= 1.2*Zey*fy/γm0

Mdy = 3.7 kNm <= 5.28 kNm

Mdy = 3.7 kNm

Failure by Torsional Buckling

Extreme fibre bending compressive stress corresponding to elastic lateral bucklinhg moment

fcr,b =(1473.5/(𝐾𝐿/𝑟𝑦))^2∗(1+(1/20)∗((𝐾𝐿/𝑟𝑦)/(ℎ𝑓/𝑡𝑓))^2 )^0.5

Taking ,
K= 0.85 fcr,b (Mpa)fbd (Mpa)

KL/ry = 114.65 200 109.1

fy=250 Mpa
150 88.6
hf/tf = 15.67

fcr,b = 316.72 N/mm2

fbd = 156.96 N/mm2

Design Bending compressive stress due to Lateral buckling,

fbd = 156.96 N/mm2

Mdy = β𝑏∗𝑍𝑝𝑧∗𝑓𝑏𝑑

18.81 kNm > 3.7 kNm

Mdy = 3.7 kNm

Section Checking :

Note : For case 2 abd case 3, torsional buckling will be considered.

Case-1 Case-2 Case-3

1.5(DL + LL) (0.9DL + 1.5WL) 1.5(DL + WL)

(Mz/Mdz)^t2+(My/Mdy)^1 <= 1.0 (Mz/Mdz)^2+(My/Mdy)^1 <= 1.0 (Mz/Mdz)^2+(My/Mdy)^1 <= 1.0

0.189 < 1 0.541 < 1 0.51 < 1

O.K. O.K. O.K.