A sample of tigers that were inspected at these five National Parks, revealed the following data on their eye

infection.

Ranthambore Bandhavgarh Sunderban Kanha Corbett

Infected eyes 8 6 12 11 9
not infected eyes 23 14 31 28 19

Total 31 20 43 39 28
Infected eyes 26% 30% 28% 28% 32%
Non-infected eyes 74% 70% 72% 72% 68%
Should the MOS Animal Welfare (under MO Envt) have a common immunisation policy for all parks, or should they focus

Claim: MOS thinks the infection independent of park

Challenge: Ranthambhore says not independent of park
ollowing data on their eye infection.

46
115

161

policy for all parks, or should they focus on any particular park with extra caution & care?
 Indigo Spicejet Jet airways Air India
Business travellers 135 102 124 141 502
Holiday travellers 124 107 92 101 424
International travellers 24 15 36 54 129
283 224 252 296

Do any of the airlines need to go for a special customer connect program? alpha= 10%
Fab India wants to promote expensive silk collections for business travellers in Jet Airways. Should they do for a

Claim: All airlines have same proportion of business travellers

Challenge: Jet airays business travellers proportion more than any other airline

P-value 0.00179 < 0.10 Challenge wins

Airways. Should they do for all airlines or only Indigo
 Berger Asian Shalimar Jenson & NichSnowcem Dulux
Matt 33 44 23 19 22 27
Matt Enamel 17 15 14 14 14 14
Satin 16 16 5 12 10 15
Eggshell 18 15 7 4 6 8
Semi-gloss 15 15 8 3 4 5
Gloss 36 49 20 14 18 29
135 154 77 66 74 98

A sample of users in B'lore showed their preferences of various types of paints. What should the market leader
 168
88
74
58
50
166

should the market leader do for such customers?

Multinomial distribution (extension of Binomial distribution)

Assume that 3 competing products - A, B & C - are in the market. The consumer has the option to go and pick an

Market shares
Pa 0.3
Pb 0.5
Pc 0.2

If C introduces a new product, how would you expect the market shares to change?

Claim: Ho = There will be no effect on mkt shares

Challenge: H1 = The market shares will change

Data collection: Go to a consumer panel of 200 customers and ask them their preferences. This will reveal CURR

A 48
B 98
C 54
he option to go and pick any one of these. Traditionally the market shares have been:

ences. This will reveal CURRENT market preferences.

Job Application Test Scores - Sample data

71 66 61 65 54 93
60 86 70 70 73 73
55 63 56 62 76 54
82 79 76 68 53 58
85 80 56 61 61 64
65 62 90 69 76 79
77 54 64 74 65 65
61 56 63 80 56 71
79 84

Qtn: Can we use a Normal distbn to carry out further analysis?

Mean Score 68.42

Stdev score 10.41

Claim: Test Scores have a normal distbn with mean 68.42 and stdev 10.41
Challenge: Not so.

Define a set of different categories along which candidates are likely to perform.
Condition: there has to be at least 5 nos in each ctegory

Lowest scores to highest Score From Score To Obs Freq Exp freq *
less than 55.07 5 5
10% -1.2816 55.07 59.65 5 5
20% -0.8416 59.66 62.95 9 5
30% -0.5244 62.96 65.77 6 5
40% -0.2533 65.78 68.41 2 5
50% 0.0000 68.42 71.05 5 5
60% 0.2533 71.06 73.87 2 5
70% 0.5244 73.88 77.17 5 5
80% 0.8416 77.18 81.76 5 5
90% 1.2816 81.77 and above 6 5

50
* Each interval has a probability of 10% occurrence (pg. 477)
obs-exp Sqrd diff (Sd) Sd/exp
0 0 0.0
0 0 0.0
4 16 3.2
1 1 0.2
-3 9 1.8
0 0 0.0
-3 9 1.8
0 0 0.0
0 0 0.0
1 1 0.2

Chi-Sqr distbn 7.2

0.408 DOF is (n-k-1) = n-2-1 where 2 indicates mean and stdevn derived from the same d
p-value
is > than signif of 10%

Claim wins : It is a Normal distbn

derived from the same distbn
 No of Customers
arriving (per 5 min
slot) No. of such slots
0 2
1 8
2 10
3 12
4 18
5 22
6 22
7 16
8 12
9 6
10 or more 0

Is this a Poisson distribution? How do we know?

What is the probability at least 6 customers will come over?
Original counts, with row totals shown at right and column totals below in bold
8 6 12 11 9 46
23 14 31 28 19 115
31 20 43 39 28 161

Shown as percentages of row totals

17.4% 13.0% 26.1% 23.9% 19.6% 100.0%
20.0% 12.2% 27.0% 24.3% 16.5% 100.0%

Shown as percentages of column totals

25.8% 30.0% 27.9% 28.2% 32.1%
74.2% 70.0% 72.1% 71.8% 67.9%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Expected counts
8.857 5.714 12.286 11.143 8.000
22.143 14.286 30.714 27.857 20.000

Distances of observed from expected

0.083 0.014 0.007 0.002 0.125
0.033 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.050

Chi-square test statistic

0.323
0.988282
Original counts, with row totals shown at right and column totals below in bold
135 102 124 141 502 48%
124 107 92 101 424 40%
24 15 36 54 129 12%
283 224 252 296 1055

Shown as percentages of row totals

26.9% 20.3% 24.7% 28.1% 100.0%
29.2% 25.2% 21.7% 23.8% 100.0%
18.6% 11.6% 27.9% 41.9% 100.0%

Shown as percentages of column totals

47.7% 45.5% 49.2% 47.6%
43.8% 47.8% 36.5% 34.1%
8.5% 6.7% 14.3% 18.2%
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Expected counts
134.660 106.586 119.909 140.845
113.736 90.025 101.278 118.961
34.604 27.390 30.813 36.193

Distances of observed from expected

0.001 0.197 0.140 0.000
0.926 3.201 0.850 2.712
3.249 5.604 0.873 8.761

Chi-square test statistic

26.514
0.000179
ls below in bold

These are market shares of three types of travellers

 Indigo Spicejet Jet airwaysAir India
Business travellers 135 102 124 141 502 48%
Holiday travellers 124 107 92 101 424 40%
International travellers 24 15 36 54 129 12%
283 224 252 296 1055

Expected counts
134.660 106.586 119.909 140.845
113.736 90.025 101.278 118.961
34.604 27.390 30.813 36.193

Distances of observed from expected

0.001 0.197 0.140 0.000
0.926 3.201 0.850 2.712
3.249 5.604 0.873 8.761

Chi-square test statistic

26.514
0.000179
 Expected
Market share/ Business traveller 135 107 120 141
marginal prob.Even
before travel Holiday travellers 114 90 101 119 Expected counts
International trav 35 27 31 36

(Actual-expected)^2/expected
Business traveller 0.00 0.20 0.14 0.00
Holiday travellers 0.93 3.20 0.85 2.71
International trav 3.25 5.60 0.87 8.76

26.51 Chi square foot value

Expected means in absence of branding efforts