Session 08

Effective Presentation

Session Speaker :
Prof. Govind R. Kadambi

1
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Session Objectives
At the end of the session, the students should be able to :

• Discuss the need and effectiveness of Presentation for a

success in Research

• Analyse the desires and wants of Audience

• Appraise the role and significance of 4Ps, PAMPERS Rule and

PEOPLE rule of Effective presentation

2
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Session Outline

• 4Ps of Presentation

• PAMPERS and PEOPLE Rule

• Structure of a Good Presentation

• Tips for Effective Presentation

• Checklist for Effective Presentation

3
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 What is a Presentation?

• Process of presenting the content of a topic

• Audience consisting of one or more persons

• One way communication

• Focused on a specific topic and on specific people

• Has a Specific Time and Place

• Utilizes some visual aid.

• Generally a PowerPoint file of proposed talk

4
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 4 Ps Of Presentation

• Plan

• Prepare

• Practice

• Perform

5
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Plan (1/3)

• Objective
• Theme
• Call to Action or Status Update
• Definition of Key Idea
• Formation of Thread for Entire
Presentation

6
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Plan (2/3)

• Audience
– Heart of Presentation
– Scalability
– Interest, Culture and Background
– Be energetic and passionate
– Collect as much possible data to prove point
– Establish credibility
– Spend more time and energy
– Less time to be spent later with effective
presentation

7
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Plan (3/3)
• Purpose of the Talk:
• Decide what to speak about
• Decide primary purpose of the talk/speech
• Wish to:
• Instruct and inform
• Convince, persuade, influence or motivate
• Trying to achieve What?
• Objectives of TaLk
• Know the:
• Audience
• Venue
8
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Prepare

• Aids
– Visual Aid
– Cue and Information
• X/2 Rule
– Number of Slides should be less than the allotted
time ‘X’ Minutes
• Avoid Clutter of Information
• Use Illustrations -
• KISS (Keep It Short and Simple )
• Introduction, Main Body and Conclusions

9
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Prepare
• Positive Mindset – Value, Structure and Timing of

Presentation

• Good Structure – Attention Getting Opening, Key Ideas

and Impressive Closing

• Attention Getting Opening- 5 to 10 percent of

Presentation

• Identify Key Ideas with Coherent Messages

• Back them evidence such as statistics, testimonials,

demonstrations, and analogies

10
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Preparing For Presentation
• Rely on the fundamentals:
• Own the subject
• Feel positive about your speech
• Make positive first impression:
• Establish eye contact
• Confident body language
• Be relaxed and well prepared
• Build rapport with audience:
• Be sincere and ownself
• Say "we" not "you"
• Talk in terms of audience's interests
• Involve the audience

11
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Preparing For Presentation

• Hold the attention of the audience:

• Be enthusiastic
• Use vivid words
• Express clearly and concisely
• Have an upbeat voice

• Closure with a favourable and lasting impression

• Audience is entitled to :
• Preparation,
• Punctuality
• Upkeep of TIME

12
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Introduction

• Most important message in the first 30 -90 seconds

• Introduce the theme
• Set the scene
• Establish a direction
• Gain the attention and involvement of audience
• Should be short, positive, easy to handle, generate
interest and expectancy
• Must feel comfortable with it
• Should create a vivid image and possibly an image
• Ideas for an attention gaining opening
• Use a question related to audience need
13
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Introduction

• Pay a sincere compliment

• Do Not :
• Repeat the title
• Read the introduction
• Apologize, complain or make excuses

• Ideas for an attention gaining opening

• Use a question related to audience need
• Use an author’s quotation to reinforce opinion

14
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Details

• Details should flow naturally from the introduction and

lead the audience to the acceptable and planned
conclusion
• Must stick to the theme
• Do not try to cover too much ground - three or four main
points are sufficient
• Keep the audience interested
• Pause after each major point, example or illustration for
effect
• Audience likes to be informed, convinced or motivated

15
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Conclusion
• Should re-state the essential message
• Must be short and simple
• Free Flow or Fluency
• Refer back to the points in the introduction to round off the
Talk/Presentation
• Should always link back to the opening
• DO NOT :
• Introduce any new information to round off the Talk
• Just fade off
16
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Audience’s Wants
CONTENT CLARITY AND ORGANIZATION

Conveys new information Understandable

Poses an interesting question Avoids jargon
Conveys how people in other fields think Uses clear and simple visual aids
Describes important ideas Well organized
Novel discovery Enables me to catch up if I space out
Doesn’t run over time

STYLE AND DELIVERY EXPERTISE

Keeps me awake Credible

Varies voice Inspires trust and confidence
Conveys enthusiasm Answers questions clearly
Doesn’t stay in one place
Friendly and approachable

17
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Venue

Know Size of the venue:

• Size of the audience
• Effects of a large hall and a small audience
• Arrangements of seating - fixed or movable
• Obstacles between audience and speaker
Where will speak from:
• Platform note height above audience or distance
from audience
Know the lighting like is it :
• Adequate for visual aids
• Adequate for reading notes
• Easily controlled for slides/films .

18
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Practice

• Running through Speech and Aids

• Capture and Elimination of Mistakes

• Awareness of Posture and Movements

• Monitor Tone and its Modulation

• Rehearsal /Dry Run - a Must

• Feedback and Tune/Retune

• Success Mantra- Practice, Practice. Practice

19
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Practice

• Build Enthusiasm and Confidence

• Awareness of Allotted Time

• Rehearse- Distracting Mannerism and Dispel Nervousness

• Best Cure for Nervousness is confidence

• Practice brings and builds Confidence

• “Practice Makes You Perfect”

20
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Practice, Practice, Practice
• Practice until very familiar with the speech
• Practice helps to reduce nerves
• Practice:
• In front of Friends/Colleagues
• With a tape recorder
• For feedback
• For Strong opening
• For ensuring logical flow
• For identifying distracting mannerisms
• For Time Management
21
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Perform (1/2)
• Well Planned Thing can go wrong

• Presentation is for the Audience

• Enjoy every moment

• Comfortable and Non Controversial Posture

• Eye Contact- Extremely Important and a must

• Feel of Acknowledgement of Audience Presence

• Body Languages, Hand Gestures and Facial Expressions

• Involve Audience

• Own and Control Presentation

22
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Perform (2/2)
• Presentation should bring value

• Must meet the Stated Objectives

• Own the subject and hold the audience attention

• Project the value of the message

• Try to be Natural

• Use Conversational Tone

• Slow Down to Emphasise Important Point

• Pause before and after the key points to set them apart

23
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Graphics

• Present Information graphically

• Art facilitates better illustration of a point
• Useful graphic devices
• Big and bold graphics

24
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Arrangement of Content

• Eyes land in optical center of the slide

• Need a visual balance
• No crowding of Information
• Appropriate line spacing

25
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Template

• Use templates wherever needed

• Template provides design
• Standardise position, colour and style
• Logo in the bottom

26
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
What do I Say ?
vs
How do I ?

27
©M. S. Ramaiah
© Ramaiah University
University of Applied
of Applied Sciences
Sciences
 What do I Say ?
vs
What do you understand ?

28
©M. S. Ramaiah
© Ramaiah University
University of Applied
of Applied Sciences
Sciences
 PAMPERS Rule

• Projection
• Articulation
• Modulation
• Punctuation
• Enunciation
• Repetition
• Speed

29
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 PEOPLE Rule

• Position and Gestures

• Eye Contact
• Orientation
• Proximation
• Looks and Appearances
• Expressions and Emotions

30
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Designing Good Slides

• Content
• Unveiling
• Color
• Subliminal messages

31
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Content

• Purpose
– Complement speaker
– Talk ≠ technical report
• Density
– 7 lines/page
– 4 words/line

32
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Slides and Speaker

• Slides Dominate
– Provide all content
– Hold audience’s attention

• Speaker Supports
– Faces slides
– Helps audience understand

33
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Good Illustration > Complicated Derivation

Scales poorly
Memory needed per processor

Memory Size
Scales well

Number of processors 34
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Typical Eye Movement

• Upper Left
• Upper Right
• Lower Left
• Lower Right

35
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Wall of White

• Increases glare
• Causes eyestrain
• Distracts from speaker

36
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Red/Blue Conflict

Red letters on blue background

creates “flicker effect”

Blue letters on red background

just as bad
37
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Low Contrast

White on yellow Yellow on white

Black on blue Blue on black

38
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Pauses

• Useful
• Powerful
• Difficult
• Silence Useful
• Awaiting thought
• Switching gaze
• Reading slide
• Reinforcing point

39
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Structure of a Good Presentation

• Start Broad

• Get Specific

• End Broad

40
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Final Tips for Effective Presentation

Guide Audience Gently

Design Slides Carefully

Use Pauses Effectively

Answer Questions Inclusively

41
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Checklist for Effective Presentation

• Create an effective conclusion

• Sound spontaneous, conversational and enthusiastic.

• Use body language effectively

• Use visual aids to enhance the message

• Check the physical environment in advance

• Finally, cope with stage fright by remembering that it is normal

and everyone feels it

42
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
 Session Summary
• 4Ps of Presentation are: Plan, Prepare, Practice and Perform
• Presentation should meet the stated objectives and must bring
value
• Dominance of Slides and Support of Speaker
• Good Presentation- Start Broad, Get Specific and End Broad
• Body Languages, Hand Gestures and Facial Expression
• Tips for Effective Presentation:
• Guide Audience Gently
• Design slides carefully
• Use Pause Effectively
• Answer Questions Inclusively

43
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Thank You

44
© Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences