L - Hydraulic Pumps PDF

UMT802: INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
•The important elements of a hydraulic transmission system

are:
1. Pumps (which is the heart of hydraulic system)

2. Hydraulic cylinders
3. Directional control valves(DCV)
4. Pressure valves
5. Throttles
1
Hydraulic Transmission
Pumps
2
Pumps
3
Pumps
4
Pumps
5
Pumps
over Nonpositive
Displacement pump
6
Pumps
7
Pumps
8
9
10
Gear Pump
The volume of oil delivered by a gear pump
Where,
11
Gear Pump
The power rating of the motor required to run a pump
Where,
12
Gear notations
13
Example
• A gear pump has a 76.2 mm outside diameter, 50.8 mm
inside diameter and 25.4 mm width. If the actual pump
flow at 1800 rpm and rated pressure is 28 Gpa. What is
the volume delivered by the pump?
14
Questions:
1.Why hydrostatic pumps are called positive displacement

pumps?
15
Questions:

pumps?
16
Questions:

pumps?
Answer:
They are called positive displacement pumps as the
fluid is to move because of some physical force of the
pump component (like gears) unlike centrifugal
pump in which centrifugal force is there to move the
liquid.
17
Questions:
2. Why a positive displacement pump must not be operated

against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump?
18
Questions:
2. Why a positive displacement pump must not be operated

against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump?
Answer. It is because of the fact that the flow will

continue and therefore pressure will start building up
and will cause bursting of pump or line.
19
Questions:
3. Why pressure displacement pump have more or less

constant flow irrespective of pressure?
20
Questions:
3. Why pressure displacement pump have more or less

constant flow irrespective of pressure?
Answer. It is because flow in positive displacement pump

is governed by the rotational speed of the driving gear or
motor.
21
Questions:
4. Why efficiency of rotary positive displacement pump

increases with viscosity?
22
Questions:
4. Why efficiency of rotary positive displacement pump

increases with viscosity?
Answer. Efficiency increases as the tendency to leak

between the mesh of the gears decreases with increases
with viscosity.
23
Questions:
5.When should we use positive displacement pumps?
24
Questions:
5.When should we use positive displacement pumps?
Ans. 1) High Pressure and low volume flow

2)High viscosity application.
3) If the application has variable pressure
conditions.
4.) If there is changing viscosity in the application
5.) Positive Displacement pump is the logical
choice when there is a suction lift required.
25
Questions:
6. What are the sequence of cylinders movement in the
following hydraulic circuit?
26
27
28
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Piston Pump
When the piston is pulled upward, vacuum will
be created inside the cylinder which will make
fluid move inside the cylinder from the inlet.
Now, when piston is pushed downward, the fluid
will move out of the outlet. The valves V1 and V2
are ensuring that fluid should not move out from
the inlet and does not enter the cylinder from the
outlet.
Depending upon the number of cylinder,
reciprocating pumps can be simplex (one
cylinder), duplex (two), triplex (three) and quad
(four). They can be either single acting
independent suction and discharge strokes or
double acting suction and discharge in both 32
directions.
Advantages of Hydrostatic pumps:
•They can deliver liquid to high pressures.
• Self-priming - No need to fill the cylinders before starting.
•Give a relatively smooth output.
•These can pump viscous liquids.
33
Disadvantages of Hydrostatic pumps:
• More expensive than centrifugal pumps.
• Excessive wear if not pumping viscous material.
• The cost of producing piston pumps is high. This is due to
the very accurate sizes of the cylinders and pistons.
•Also, the gearing needed to convert the rotation of the drive
motor into a reciprocating action involves extra equipment
and cost.
• The close fitting moving parts cause maintenance problems,
especially when the pump is handling fluids containing
suspended solids, as the particles can get into the small
clearances and cause severe wear.
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UMT802: INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

•The important elements of a hydraulic transmission system

1. Pumps (which is the heart of hydraulic system)

1.Why hydrostatic pumps are called positive displacement

1.Why hydrostatic pumps are called positive displacement

1.Why hydrostatic pumps are called positive displacement

2. Why a positive displacement pump must not be operated

2. Why a positive displacement pump must not be operated

Answer. It is because of the fact that the flow will

3. Why pressure displacement pump have more or less

3. Why pressure displacement pump have more or less

Answer. It is because flow in positive displacement pump

4. Why efficiency of rotary positive displacement pump

4. Why efficiency of rotary positive displacement pump

Answer. Efficiency increases as the tendency to leak

5.When should we use positive displacement pumps?

5.When should we use positive displacement pumps?

Ans. 1) High Pressure and low volume flow

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