International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-4, November 2019

Smart Secure andWarning System in Hair Pin

Bends at Hill Stations Based on Zig Bee
Technology
P.Deepika, S.Sathya Priya, C.Priya, M.Surya

Abstract—The main reason which has led, traffic congestion as
a ‘worldwide’ phenomenon over the last few decades is the
increased population growth and the number of motor vehicles.
With the help ofZigbee communication the system of
management of road traffic has been significantly improved.
The ant colonies and the principles of swarm intelligence have
enlightened the system of road traffic management which has
been proposed in this paper. Camera is fixed in every part of the
bend .The sensor which is of ultrasonic in nature is used to find
if there is any obstacle that is transmitted through theZigbee
transmitter and the receiver section fixed in every car receives
the information and that is announced in speaker and if any
abnormalities the buzzer will alert the driver and these are
displayed in the LCD display. Ultrasonic sensorsare used to find
the distance of the neighbor vehicles and transfer the adapted
data to receiver.IR is used to find the number of incoming
vehicles.
Keywords-- Collision avoidance, hill stations, hairpin bends,
microcontroller, wireless communication, Zigbee, IR.
I. INTRODUCTION
Accidents that are happening everyday are the results of
rapid growth in transportation and vehicles. Because of
breaking traffic rules, carelessness and bad conditions of
the road, accidents mainly occur. Due to their alignment
characteristics, traffic crashes among all road geometric
elements occurs. According to survey, 10% of total number
of vehicles crashes happens on curved segments in hill
stationsand 13% of deaths that occurs are due to road
accidents. It is not an easy task to drive in hairpin bends and
curves in hill stations. In such situations, the driver needs to
be alerted all the time while driving. The vehicles that are
moving up hills should be given the first preference in hair
pin bends. But the accidents and road blocks mainly
occurwhen the drivers fail to follow the rules.
II. RELATED WORKS
Traffic management in hair pin bends at hill stations is a
major problem. With the intelligent use of Visible Light
Communication (VLC) this paper proposes ascheme for
avoidance of vehicle collision at curve lane.
Revised Manuscript Received on November 15, 2019
P.Deepika, Assistant Professor Department Of Information Technology
Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram
S.Sathya Priya, Associate Consultant In Atos Syntel, Chennai.
C.Priya, Pursuing Mba Easwari Engineering College.
M.Surya, Associate Software Engineer In Solartis Technology Services
Pvt.Ltd.
The scheme is processed by theoretical analysis and
numerical calculation. The horizontal networks are
considered the most dangerous roadway network. Agencies
optimizing the use of safety funds should be aware of
characteristics of the collisions on those segments. A new
fast blind algorithm is studied based on the generalized
likelihood ratio test principle. Outdoor visible light
communication system (OVLC) uses OOK modulation
with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD)
over the atmospheric turbulence-induced of slow fading
channel.
The optical signal outdoor can be detected effectively by
fast-bind algorithm through experiments was proved. Using
Accident impact analysis, the death, injuries and property
damage caused due to collision of vehicle on the road can
be reduced. Large amount of data which needs to be
accumulated and processed quickly is done by an efficient
impact analyzer. To collect, process and store large amount
of data within a very short period of time both hardware
and software play a vital role.
MEMS accelerometer is cost effective and offer better
performance with high functionalities compared to
conventional piezoelectric accelerometer. Virtualized traffic
is used to reconstruct and visualize continuous traffic flows
from discrete spatiotemporal data provided by traffic
sensors or generated artificially to enhance a sense of
immersion in a dynamic virtual world. Given the positions
of each car at two recorded location on a highway and the
corresponding time instances, or approach can reconstruct
the traffic flows between the location along the highway for
immersive visualization of virtual cities or other
environments.
III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
The road traffic management system in hill stations can be
efficiently improved through Wireless Communication has
a tremendous impact. The system of road traffic
management is proposed efficiently. This is inspired by ant
colonies and the principles of swarm intelligence. In which,
the ultrasonic sensors are fixed. IR is placed in the bends to
count the vehicles going inside and provides the
information about the vehicles. It is used to find the
obstacle that is transmitted through the transmitter and the
receiver section that is fixed in every car. This receives the
information and that is announced in speaker. And if any
abnormalities exist then the buzzer will alert the driver and
these are displayed in the LCD display.

Published By:
Retrieval Number: D8019118419/2019©BEIESP 3174 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D8019.118419 & Sciences Publication
 Smart Secure and Warning System in Hair Pin Bends at Hill Stations Based on Zig Bee Technology
Fig.1: Implementation.
Fig.2: After implementation.
IV. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Fig.3: Architecture diagram to show the working of the
system.
V. HARDWARE SETUP
A. ARDUINO UNO INTERFACE WITH SENSOR
AND BUZZER
Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board. It is based on the
ATmega328P. It consists of 14 digital input and output
pins. Out of the 14 pins 6 can be used asoutputs of PWM, a
16 MHz quartz crystal, 6 analog inputs, a USB connection,
a reset button, an ICSP header. The microcontroller board
contains everything that is required. Simply connect it using
USB cable to the Computer or powered with a AC to DC
adapter. It has numerous facilities that is required for
communicating with a computer, another Arduino Board, or
other microcontroller.
Retrieval Number: D8019118419/2019©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D8019.118419
Fig.4: To alert the drivers if any obstacle is found is
done using the Buzzer.
B. TEMPERATURE SENSOR INTERFACE WITH
ARDUINO
Arduino uses Analog pins (#0-#5) to receive Analog Input.
These pins are designed to be used with the components
that provides Analog output information and also can be
used for Analog Input.There is no need for any setup, to
read them use the command:Analog Read (pin
Number);where pin number is the Analog In pin to which
the Analog component is connected.The AnalogRead
command will return a number by including 0and 1023 or
between 0 and 1023.
Fig.5: To find the temperature changes in the
atmosphere.
C. ULTRASONIC SENSOR INTERFACE WITH
ARDUINO
An Ultrasonic Wave which is emitted from Ultrasonic
Transmitter is unidirectional and the timing is started when
it is launched. Ultrasonic spreads in the air and would
return immediatelywhen it encounters any obstacles on the
way. When the reflected wave is received; at last the
ultrasonic receiver will stop
the timing.
Published By:
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& Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-4, November 2019

The distance of the target object from the sensor is

determined. It offers an excellent non-contact range
detection with high rateof accuracy. The readings obtained
are stable in a package and are easy-to-use. Sunlight or
black material cannot affect its operation. The voltage
supply to the sensor is 5VDC.
To give digital input, the sensor has two points, that are,
trigand echo that are connected to the controller. To find the
distance between the vehicles ultrasonic sensors are used.
After the distance is calculated it sends the information to
the microcontroller and then it is transformed and
communicated to the driver.

Fig.7: To display the measurements in the vehicles.

E. ZIGBEE MODULE INTERFACE WITH ARDUINO

Zigbee devices are to be conformed to the IEEE 802.15.4-

2003 Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-
WPAN) standard. This standard specifies the lower
protocol layersthat are the Media Access Control portion of
the data link layer (DLL) and the physical layer (PHY). The
technology is defined by the ZigBeespecification which is
intended to be the simplest and less expensive one than any
other wireless personal area networks (WPANs), such as
Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Its low power consumption limits the
transmission distances to 10-100 meters line-of sight which
depends upon the power output and environmental
characteristics.
Long distance transmission of data is possible using ZigBee
devices. This is done by passing the data through a mesh
network through intermediate devices to reach more distant
ones. When the data rate is low and requires long battery
life with secure networking, ZigBee is used as an
application. ZigBee has a defined rate of 250kbit/s.Zigbee
devices are best suited for intermittent data transmissions
from a sensor or input. The data over long distances are
Fig.6: Distance measurement using Ultrasonic sensors. transmitted through Zigbee.It requires less battery life and a
secure transfer of the data is achieved. This is a
D. LCD INTERFACE WITH MICROCONTROLLER communication medium.
This LCD Display is for E-blocks.It is a 16 character,2-line
alphanumeric LCD display that is connected to a single9-
way D-type connector.This allows the device to get
connected to most of the E-Block I/O ports.The data should
be in serial format in the LCD display. Itis detailed in the
user guide below.5V power supply is given to the display.
But it should not exceed 5V, as this might cause damage to
the device. The 5V is best that is generated from the E-
blocks Multi programmer or a 5Vfixed regulated power
supply.
Characters and symbols of 224 different types can be
displayed by a 16 x 2 intelligent alphanumeric dot matrix.
On pages 7/8 this full list of characters and symbols are
printed (between the brands of LCD usedthere can be
variation in the symbols). All the technical specifications
that are required for connecting the unit, which needs a
single power supply (+5V) is provided in the booklet. The Fig.8: Communication is done with the Zigbee module.
readings and various other information like distance and
number of vehicles to the drivers are displayed by the
LCD.This is the purpose of the LCD display.

Published By:
Retrieval Number: D8019118419/2019©BEIESP 3176 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D8019.118419 & Sciences Publication
 Smart Secure and Warning System in Hair Pin Bends at Hill Stations Based on Zig Bee Technology

F. INTERFACE WITH MICRO CONTROLLER
The recorded voice can be uploaded to the system. The
recorded voice with high quality that is downloaded from
PC can also be played. It can record up to 252 segment
voice (including fixed voice) and the recording time is up to
1600 second. It also supports audio recording which is of
10 KHz or 14 KHz sample rate.
curve lane situations. In 2017 9th International Conference on
Advanced Infocomm Technology (ICAIT) (pp. 214-217). IEEE.
2. Leo, J. J., Monisha, R., Sakthi, B. T. S., & Sunder, A. J. C. (2014,
February). Vehicle movement control and accident avoidance in hilly
track. In 2014 International Conference on Electronics and
Communication Systems (ICECS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
3. “Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial vehicle
and trailer braking system,” GB 12676-2014.
4. JinglongLiu.”The Analysis of Outdoor Wireless Communication
System based on the LED visible light”,Harbin Engineering
University.2013,5.
5. Lee, I. E., Sim, M. L., & Kung, F. W. L. (2009). Performance
enhancement of outdoor visible-light communication system using
selective combining receiver. IET optoelectronics, 3(1), 30-39.
6. Rupok, M. S. A., Patnaik, H. K., Ding, X., & Ganesan, S. (2016,
May). MEMS accelerometer based low-cost collision impact analyzer.
In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information
Technology (EIT) (pp. 0393-0396). IEEE.
7. Sewall, J., Van Den Berg, J., Lin, M., & Manocha, D. (2010).
Virtualized traffic: Reconstructing traffic flows from discrete
spatiotemporal data. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer
graphics, 17(1), 26-37.

AUTHORS PROFILE

P.Deepika is currently working as an Assistant

Professor in the department of Information Technology
Fig.9: Microcontroller is used to control all the devices in Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram Campus.
that are connected to it. She has completed her M.E at Velammal Engineering
College and she has many publications to her credit.
Her areas of interest include Software Engineering.
VI. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Theultrasonic sensors are fixed in both sides of the road and
the camera is fixed at every harpin bend. This is used to S.Sathyapriya, is currently working as an Associate
identify the obstacles that are transmitted through Zigbee Consultant in Atos Syntel, Chennai. She has completed
transmitter and receiver section fixed in every car. It her B.Tech Information Technology at Easwari
Engineering College.
received information is announced in the speaker. The
driver is alerted by a Buzzer when the distance between two
vehicles will be 100 meters. This information are displayed
in LCD Display. The count of the incoming vehicles are
C.Priya, is currently pursuing MBA in Easwari
done by the IR. Microcontroller is used to control all the
Engineering College. She has completed her B.Tech
devicesand is fixed in center of every hairpin bend. In the Information Technology at Easwari Engineering
existing system, there is nomonitoring of the neighboring College.
vehicles in every hair pin bends while driving in the hill
stations. This leads to accidents, resulting an enormous
amount of property damage and loss of life. In this
proposed system, the above problems are easily solved by M.Surya, is currently working as Associate Software
using Zigbee Technology. Engineer in Solartis Technology Services Pvt.Ltd. She
has completed her B.Tech Information Technology at
Easwari Engineering College.
VII. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we provide solution for the existing problem
in the hair pin bends at the hill stations such as collisions
and accidents that occur due to lack of warning system.
Hence, we use the concept of Zigbee technology to
communicate the information about the distance between
the vehicles and the number of vehicles coming inside
using ultrasonic sensors and IR. The ultrasonic sensors are
used to find the distance between the vehicles. IR is used
for counting the vehicles that are coming into the particular
range. This information will be sent to the drivers using
Zigbee technology and will be displayed in the LCD
display inside the vehicles. By the implementation of this
project the number of accidents and collisions that are
occurring in the hairpin bends at the hill stations can be
reduced

REFERENCES
1. Qiao, Y., Xia, Z., Hong, X., & Shen, J. (2017, November). A visible
light communication based vehicle collision avoidance scheme for

Published By:
Retrieval Number: D8019118419/2019©BEIESP 3177 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.D8019.118419 & Sciences Publication