Interpretation of Data and Results:

The objectives of this experiment are to determine the variation effects of three phase system
frequency and to calculate and measure resonance frequency. The resonance frequency is
defined as the frequency at which the impedance of the circuit is at a minimum. Equivalently, it
can be defined as the frequency at which the impedance is purely real (that is, purely resistive)
and we know that in pure resistive circuit, voltage and the circuit current are in same phase i.e
Vr, V and I are in same phase direction. Therefore, the phase angle between voltage and
current is zero and the power factor is unity. This occurs because the impedance (reactance) of
the inductor and capacitor at resonance are equal but of opposite sign and cancel out. Thus
in a R-L-C series circuit, when the value of the inductance is equal to the capacitance i.e. XL =
XC, the circuit is said to be in resonance.
In this experiment, we have measured the resonance frequency to be 355.2 Hz and as we
calculated the resonance frequency using the formula, (formula sa fr) it equals to 355.89 Hz. At
this frequency, the circuit was purely resistive and the voltage is in phase with the current.

Conclusion:
After performing the experiment and calculated the resonance frequency, we can
conclude that at resonance condition, the inductive reactance XL is equal to capacitive
reactance XC. The Total impedance of circuit becomes minimum which is equal to R. Circuit
current becomes maximum as impedance reduces. Voltage across inductor and capacitor
cancels each other, so voltage across resistor Vr = V, supply voltage. Since net reactance is
zero, circuit becomes purely resistive circuit and hence the voltage and the current are in same
phase, so the phase angle between them is zero. Hence, power factor is unity. Our graph
shows that at starting, when the frequency increases, the impedance Zc decreases and hence
the circuit current increases. After some time frequency becomes equal to resonant frequency,
at that point inductive reactance becomes equal to capacitive reactance and the impedance of
circuit reduces and is equal to circuit resistance only. So at this point, the circuit current
becomes maximum. Now when the frequency is further increased, ZL increases and with
increase in ZL, the circuit current reduces and then the current drops finally to zero as frequency
becomes infinite. Since resonance in series RLC circuit occurs at particular frequency, so it is
used for filtering and tuning purpose as it does not allow unwanted oscillations that would
otherwise cause signal distortion, noise and damage to circuit to pass through it.