BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

A. Background of study

English is an important language because most of people around the world use this
language to communicate with each others as international language. In English there are four
basic skills that must be mustered by the student such as speaking skills, listening skills, writing
skills, and reading skills. Reading skills is important because by having reading skills the
students can get a lot of information from the text and they can also increase their knowledge.

According to Urquhart and Weirt in William Grabe (2009:14), stated the reading is the
process of receiving interpreting information in language from via the medium of print.

Based on the school curriculum the students should able to use language either written or
oral In reading skill, there are two basic competences that should be achieved by the students.
First, the students are able to understand and respond to brief meanings functional text
accurately and fluently. Second, the students are able to understand and to respond the
meaning and the rhetorical step of the monolog/essay in the form of recount, narrative,
analytical exposition, report, application letter and procedure text accurately and fluently.
So, one of the genres that must be learned by the student s is the narrative text. In this
research, the genre used by the writer is narrative text. In learning narrative text the students
have to know and find out some of parts of narrative text such main ideas, characters, setting,
events, time signal, and functional information of the text. But some of students still have some
problems in learning reading text especially in learning narrative text. The problems are :

1. Some of the students did not know the meaning of words in the text.
2. Some of the students were difficult to find out the specific information in narrative
text
3. Some of the students were difficult to find out the main ideas

Based on the explanation and the problem experienced by students above, the researcher
is interested in conducting a research entitled: The Influence of Cooperative Integrated
Reading and Composition (CIRC) method in teaching narrative text to Improve Student’s
Reading Comprehension.

B. The Definition of the Term

To avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about some terms used in this research,
the writer defines them as follows

1. Reading comprehension according to Cahyono:2011:49) Reading comprehension is

an activity aimed to understand the messages of a particular text.
 2. Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition According to Slavin
Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) is a school-based
program that targets reading, writing, and language arts in grades 2 up to 6 levels n
this study, it means that the technique or strategy used by the teacher is to know its
effect towards student’s reading comprehension in narrative text.
3. Narrative Text is a type of text that tells a story that has a series of chronological
events that are interconnected. In this study narrative text is the text that used by
the researcher for apply the cooperative integrated reading and composition
(CIRC) method

C. Problem Statement
1. What is the influence of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC)
in Teaching Narrative Text to Improve Student’s Reading Comprehension.?
2. How is the improvement of Student’s Reading Comprehension by using Integrated
Reading and Composition (CIRC) in Teaching Narrative Text

D. Research purposes
1. To know the Influence of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC)
in teaching narrative text to Improve Student’s Reading Comprehension.
2. To know the improvement of Student’s Reading Comprehension by using Integrated
Reading and Composition (CIRC) in Teaching Narrative Text
 BAB III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. The Research Design

The design of this research is quantitative method by using pretest, treatment, and post
test.

There are two variables in this research:

1. Independent variable (X) = Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition
(CIRC) method
2. Dependent variables (Y) = students’ reading comprehension

B. The Subject and Object of the Research

1. The subject of the research

The subject of the research is the students at the second grade at SMA 1 Banda
Aceh
2. The object of the research
The object of the research is the Influence of Cooperative Integrated Reading and
Composition (CIRC) method in teaching narrative text to Improve Student’s Reading
Comprehension.

C. The Population and Sample of the Research

1. The population of this research is the students at the second grade of SMA 1 Banda
Aceh. There are 120 students. which divided into four classes: XI IPA 1 = 30
students, XI IPA 2 = 30 students, XI IPA 3 = 30 students, and XI IPA 4 = 30 students
Table of Total Population

No Class The Number of Students

.
1. XI IPA 1 30
2. XI IPA 2 30
3. XI IPA 3 30
4. XI IPA 4 30
Total 120 sudents

2. Sample
Sample of this research is 30 students from the second grade IPA 1. The researcher
takes all of the students from IPA 1 class because teacher’s recommendation.
D. The Time and Location of the Research
The research conduct at the second of SMA 1 Banda Aceh The research will start in
October to November

E. The Procedure of Collecting the Data

The procedure of collecting the data for experimental group can be seen as follows:
a. Pre test
The pre-test determine the students’ reading comprehension before using
Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) method
b. Treatment
The treatment conduct for experimental group by using cooperative integrated
reading and composition (CIRC)
c. Post test
After conducting the treatment, the research give post test to know the student’s
reading comprehension after using Cooperative Integrated Reading and
Composition (CIRC) method.