Group members (Surname, First name, Middle initial):

1.Ortigas, Ayessa Nicole M.

2.
3.

Survey of Animal Kingdom

I. Simple animals (30 points)

Video link: Simple animals

A. Direction: Fill-in the table below based on what was discussed in the video you have
watched.

Animal group Characteristics Example organisms

1. Porifera  Filter water and food  sponge
 Doesn't have layers
and specialized
tissues/organs only
cells.
 Multicellular
 Can't make their
own food
2. Cnidaria  Consists of two  Jellies
germ layers  Anemones
(ectoderm and  Corals
endoderm)  hydras
 Forms a tube that
allows to ingest and
digest.
 Oldest living
descendants of
worlds first
diploblast.
 Have one hole that
serves as both
mouth and anus.
 Doesn't have
organs.
3. Platyhelminthes  Soft; unsegmented  Flatworms
worms.  Planaria
 Oldest existing  Tapeworms
phylum tripoblastic.  flukes
 Acoelomates
 4. Nematoda  Unsegmented  Hookworms
roundworms.  pinworms
 Pseudocoelomates-
incomplete body
cavity.
5. Rotifera  Tiny filter feeding  Bdelloidea
animals.  Monogononta
 Pseudocoelomates  Pararotatoria
 Smaller than
flatworms.
 Complex
 It has stomach, jaw
& anus.
6. Mollusca  Has visceral mass
a. Chitons  Foot, mantle &
b. Bivalves radula.
c. Gastropods A. Headless marine
d. Cephalopods animal: radula
B. Two hinged; filter B. Clams, Scallop
feeders; radula
C. Single spiraled shell; C. Snail, Slugs
radula
D. Doesn't have radula; E. Octopus, Squid
tentacles; powerful
muscles; half billion
neurons

B. Questions

1. What are germ layers? Describe each germ layer and identify what are the different
organs that arise from them.

Germ layers forms two to three layers of tissue in the early embryo. Involves
Ectoderm as the outer layer, Mesoderm as the middle layer & Endoderm as the
innermost layer. These three germ layers will give rise to every organ in the body.

2. What is a coelom? What are the different phyla in simple animals that possessed
this?

Coelom is a fluid filled cavity that stores and protects the major organs. It allows
the internal organs to move independent of the body wall and the fluid can provide as
the shock resistance. In simple animals, Mollusca, Annelid, Arthropod, Echinoderms
and Chordates. possessed this.

II. Complex animals (40 points)

Video link: Complex animals

A. Direction: Fill-in the table below based on what was discussed in the video you have
watched.

Animal group Characteristics Example organisms

1. Annelida
a. Oligochaetes
b. Hirudinea
c. Polychaetes
2. Arthropoda
a. Cheliceriformes
b. Arachnida
c. Myriapoda
d. Hexapoda
e. Insecta
f. Crustacea

B. Questions

1. What are segmentations? What are the examples of segmentations in animals?

2. What is metamorphosis?

3. Differentiate the following:

 a. Synapomorphy vs Plesiomorphy

b. Partial metamorphosis vs Complete metamorphosis

III. Chordates (30 points)

Video link: Chordates

A.
Animal group Characteristics Example organisms
1.Cephalochordata
2. Urochordata
3. Vertebrata
a. Hagfish
b. Lampreys
c. Agnathans
d. Gnathostomes
e. Chondrichthyes
f. Osteichthyes
g. Actinopterygii
h. Sarcopterygii
i. Amphibians
j. Reptiles
k. Birds
l. Mammals