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Input Data
canal data
Full Supply Discharge = 0.9825 cumecs
Full Supply Level = 560.259 m
Canal Bed Level = 559.499 m
Canal Water Depth (D) = 0.76 m
Canal Bed Width (B) = 0.80 m
Rugosity coff for concrete (n) = 0.016
side slope = 1.5 :1
bed slope = 1800
free board = 0.4
Drainage Data
High Flood Discharge (Q) = 18.00 cumecs
High Flood Level = 557.00 m
High Flood Depth = 2.00 m
General Ground Level = 555.00 m
At section 4-4
Area of Section (A4) = (B+1.5D)*D
= 1.4744 m2
Velocity (V4) = Q/A
= 0.666373 m/s
Velocity Head = V2/2g
= 0.022633 m
RL of Bed (given) = 559.499 m
RL of Water Surface = 560.259 m
RL of T.E.L. = 560.282 m
At section 3-3
keeping the same water depth thoughout the channel
Area of Section (A3) = B0*D
= 0.456 m2
Velocity (V3) = Q/A
= 2.154605 m/s
Velocity Head = V2/2g
= 0.236612 m
loss of head in expnasion from section 3-3 to 4-4
= 0.3(V32-V42)/2g
= 0.064194
RL of T.E.L. = 560.346 m
RL of Water Surface = 560.109 m
RL of Bed (given) = 559.349 m
At section 2-2
RL of T.E.L. = 560.544 m
RL of Water Surface = 560.307 m
RL of Bed (given) = 559.547 m
At section 1-1
RL of T.E.L. = 560.587 m
RL of Water Surface = 560.564 m
RL of Bed (given) = 559.804 m
Design of Transitions
Contraction transition
By Mitra`s Hyperbolic Transition equation
Bf = 0.60 m
Bn = 0.80 m
length of contaction tansition Lf = 0.20 m
x is the distance at which distance u want bed width
Bx = Bn*Bf*Lf/Lf*Bn-x(Bn-Bf)
Expansion transition
By Mitra`s Hyperbolic Transition equation
Bf = 0.60 m
Bn = 0.80 m
length of expansion tansition Lf = 0.30 m
Bx = Bn*Bf*Lf/Lf*Bn-x(Bn-Bf)
x= 0 0.05 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Bx = 0.6 0.626087 0.685714 0.72 0.757895 0.8
Design of Trough
The trough will be of 0.6m and wall thickness will be 0.1m. A free board of
0.14m above FSD of 0.76m may be sufficient . Hence the Height of the
Trough will therfore be kept equal to 0.76+0.14=0.9m.
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
Canal
0.80 0.60
T (Vertical section)
TBL 960.26 270
600
2x 16 mm F top anchor bar
F.B. 400
10 mm F bars@ 180
F.S.L. 560.259
8 mm 2 ledge stirrups@ 300
8 mm F bars@ 140
10 mm F bars@ 90
FSD 760
16 mm F bars@220
16 mm F bars@110
Hench 8 mm F bars@130
10 mm F bars@300
6 x Bars F 20
CBL 559.499 0.12
720
200 200
mm c/c
mtr
mtr
15 115 20 45 33 44 18 40 20 41 20 40 18 40
AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN
Steel required
BMx1000 2549 x 1000
Ast = = = 61 mm2
sst x j x D 150 x 0.892 x 310
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10
using 10 mm bars = A = =
4 x 100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 78.50 x 1000 / 61.46 = 1277 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm bars @ 1270 mm c/c half the bars will be curtailed at
minimum steel to be provided for 0.1 ( 36 - 10 )
distribution
= 0.3 - =
45 - 10
0.23 x 360
Area of distribution steel required = 0.23 % of x section area =
100
813
Steel of Each face = = 406 mm2
2
using 8 mm bars A = 3.14xdia2 = 3.14 x 8
4 x100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 50.24 x 1000 / 406.29 = 123.657 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm bars @ 120 mm c/c Each face
Steel required
-1940.89 x 1000
Ast = BMx100/sstxjxD= = -261 mm2
190 x 0.89 x 44
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16
using 16 mm bars = A = =
4 x 100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 201 x 1000 / -261 = -768.877 mm
Hence Provided 16 mm bars @ -760 mm c/c
3538 x 1000
Area of steel required at end (Near support) = = 616
150 x 0.874 x 44
This is < than half the steel provided at the center of span,However,
half the bars from the center of the span may be bent up at L/2 meter from supports.
Let us check whether this bending of half bars satisfies the enchorage and devlopments envisaged in
equation M1/V + Lo > Ld
1 1000 x 201
Where M1= Ast x sst x j x d= x x 190 x 0.892
2 -760
= -0.98 x 10'6 N-mm
13868 x 0.96
V = shear force at the ends = = 6657 N
2
ls ls
Lo = - x' - 3F + 16 F = - x'
2 2
Where Ls = Length of support = 360 mm and x' = side cover =
F F x 150
Ld = = = 46.88 F
4sst
t bd 4 x 0.8
= 46.88 x 16 = 750 mm
or 191 < 750 Thus the requirement is not satisfied
minimum steel to be provided for 0.1 ( 94 - 100 )
distribution
= 0.3 - =
450 - 100
0.30 x 94
Area of distribution steel required = 0.30 % of x section area =
100
283
Steel of Each face = = 142 mm2
2
using 8 mm bars A = 3.14xdia2 = 3.14 x 8
4 4
spacing =A/Ast = 50.24 x 1000 / 141.55 = 355 cm
Hence Provided 8 mm bars @ 350 cm c/c Each face
K = 0.378
J = 0.874
R = 1.155
K = 0.324
J = 0.892
R = 1.011
360 mm
2549463
2549 N-m
2549 N-m
n-mm
47 mm
x 10
= 78.5 mm2
0.23 %
x 1000
= 813 mm2
100
x 8
= 50.2 mm2
100 mm
11368 N
2500 N
13868 N
6593
= 3538 N-m
1598 N-m
x 16
= 201 mm2
616 mm2
x 44
+ 13 F
50 mm
x 16 = 190.5 mm
s not satisfied
0.30 %
x 1000
= 283 mm2
100
x 8
= 50.2 mm2
= 4160 kg-m
= 10440 kg-m
= 14600 kg-m
182505 Kg-m
R = 1.011
mm
mm
x 20
= 314 mm2
= 3 No.
73002 kg.
0.17 N/mm2
= -18.75 Asv
x Asv
< 2.51 Asv
8 mm F bars@ 140
10 mm F bars@ 90
FSD 2000
16 mm F bars@220
16 mm F bars@110
8 mm F bars@130
10 mm F bars@300
200
6 x Bars F 20
CBL 256.58 1.00
720
300
200 200
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
Table 3.1. Permissible sh
Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS
100As
Grade of co M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 bd
Tensile < 0.15
stress 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
N/mm2 0.25
0.50
Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000) 0.75
Permission stress in compression (N/mm 2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for 1.00
Grade of Bending acbc plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
concrete Direct (acc) 1.25
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2 1.50
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- -- 1.75
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60 2.00
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80 2.25
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90 2.50
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100 2.75
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110 3.00 and above
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140
Over all depth of slab
k
Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO
Grade of co M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Table 3.3. Maximum s
Modular ra 31 19 13 11 9 8 7
(31.11) (18.67) (13.33) (10.98) (9.33) (8.11) (7.18) Grade of concrete
tc.max
Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Table 3.4
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 Grade of concrete M
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13 tbd (N / mm2
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
k 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst = c Table 3.5.
140 jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254 Grade of
(Fe 250) P (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857 concrete
c
Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
-- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4