Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic systems

Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Pilot circuit

Suction, delivery and return circuit
The pilot pump receive oil from the hydraulic tank. The discharged oil from the pilot pump flows to the safety solenoid
valve. The pilot relief valve is provided in the solenoid valve for limiting the pilot circuit pressure.
The oil filtered by line filter flows remote control valve, main control valve and swing port through safety solenoid valve.
The return oil flow into the hydraulic tank.

SMIL17MEX1653GA 1

Pilot pressure line Pilot tank line

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Safety lock solenoid valve (safety lever)

When the lever of the safety solenoid valve is moved downward, oil flows into the remote control valve through sole-
noid valve.
When the lever of the safety solenoid valve is moved upward, oil does not flow into the remote control valve, because
of the blocked port.

SMIL17MEX1654GB 2

Pilot pressure line Tank line

A. Lever down 7. Safety lock solenoid valve

B. Lever up

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Travel speed control system

When the travel speed switch is pushed, the travel speed solenoid valve is actuated and the discharged oil from the
pilot pump flows to the PP port of pilot valve in the travel motors. As a result, the control piston is pushed by the main
oil flow, thus the displacement is minimized. When the travel speed switch is pushed once more, the travel speed
solenoid valve is return to original position by the force of spring, the hydraulic oil of PP port returns to the hydraulic
tank. As a result, the control piston is returned by the main oil flow, thus the displacement is maximized.

SMIL17MEX1655GA 3

Pilot pressure line Tank line

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Boom circuit

Boom up circuit
When the right-hand control lever is pulled back, the boom spools in the main control valve are moved to the up
position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A1 and A3 pump flows into the
main control valve and then goes to the large chamber of boom cylinders. At the same time, the oil from the small
chamber of boom cylinders returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the boom spool in the main control valve. When
this happens, the boom goes up. The excessive pressure in the boom cylinder bottom end circuit is prevented by relief
valve. When the boom is up and the control lever is returned to neutral position, the circuit for the holding pressure at
the bottom end of the boom cylinder is closed by the boom holding valve. This prevents the hydraulic drift of boom
cylinder.

SMIL17MEX1656GB 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Pilot tank line Rv. Relief valve

8. Boom holding valve

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Boom down circuit

When the right-hand control lever is pushed forward, the boom spools in the main control valve are moved to the
down position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. Since Pb8 port is connected Pb8' port through
the piping, boom holding valve is also released. The oil from the A1 pump flows into the main control valve and then
goes to the small chamber of boom cylinders. At the same time, the oil from the large chamber of boom cylinders
returns to the hydraulic tank through the boom spool in the main control valve. The cavitation in the boom cylinder
rod end circuit is prevented by the make-up valve.

SMIL17MEX1657GB 2

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

Pilot tank line Mv. Check valve

8. Boom holding valve

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Arm circuit

Arm roll in circuit
When the left-hand control lever is pulled back, the arm spools in the main control valve are moved the to roll in
position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A2 and A3 pump flows into the main
control valve and then goes to the large chamber of arm cylinder. At the same time, the oil from small chamber of arm
cylinder returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the arm spool in the main control valve. When this happens, the arm
rolls in. The cavitation and excessive pressure in the bottom of the arm cylinder is also prevented by the make-up
valve and the relief valve in the main control valve.

SMIL17MEX1658GB 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

Pilot tank line

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Mv. Check valve Rv. Relief valve

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Arm roll out circuit

When the left-hand-hand control lever is pushed forward, the arm spool in the main control valve are moved to the
roll out position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the P2 pump flows into the main
control valve and then goes to the small chamber of arm cylinder. At the same time, the oil from the large chamber
of arm cylinder returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the arm spool in the main control valve. When this happens,
the arm rolls out.
The cavitation and excessive pressure in the rod of the arm cylinder is also prevented by the check valve and relief
valve in the main control valve.

SMIL17MEX1659GB 2

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

Pilot tank line

Mv. Check valve Rv. Relief valve

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Bucket circuit

Bucket roll in circuit
When the right-hand control lever is pulled left, the bucket spool in the main control valve is moved to the roll in position
by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A1 pump flows into the main control valve
and then goes to the large chamber of bucket cylinder. At the same time, the oil from the small chamber of bucket
cylinder returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the boom spool in the main control valve. When this happens, the
bucket rolls in. The cavitation and excessive pressure in the bottom of the bucket cylinder is also prevented by the
make-up valve and relief valve in the main control valve.

SMIL17MEX1660GB 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

Pilot tank line Rv. Relief valve

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Mv. Check valve

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Bucket roll out circuit

When the right-hand control lever is pushed right-hand, the bucket spool in the main control valve is moved to the
roll out position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the P1 pump flows into the main
control valve and then goes to the small chamber of bucket cylinder. At the same time, the oil from the large chamber
of bucket cylinder returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the bucket spool in the main control valve. When this
happens, the bucket rolls out.
The cavitation which will happen to the rod of the bucket cylinder is also prevented by the check valve in the main
control valve.

SMIL17MEX1661GB 2

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

Pilot tank line Mv. Check valve

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Swing circuit

Swing operation
When the left-hand control lever is pushed left-hand or right-hand, the swing spool in the main control valve is moved
to the left-hand or right-hand swing position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the
A3 pump flows into the main control valve and then goes to the swing motor. At the same time, the return oil from the
swing motor returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the swing spool in the main control valve. When this happens,
the superstructure swings to the left-hand or right–hand. The make up valve and the overload relief valve are provided
in the swing motors. The cavitation which will happen to the swing motor is also prevented by the make up valve in
the swing motor itself.

SMIL17MEX1662GA 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Motor brake valve

Motor brake valve for the swing motor limits to cushion the starting and stopping pressure of swing operation.

Check valve
The check valves prevent cavitation by supplying return oil to the vacuum side of the motor.

SMIL17MEX1663FB 2

1. Swing motor Mv. Check valve

2. Motor brake valve M. To/from main control valve

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Travel circuit

Travel forward and reverse operation
When the travel levers are pushed forward or reverse position, the travel spools in the main control valve are moved
to the forward or reverse travel position by pilot pressure oil. The oil from the both pumps flows into the main control
valve and then goes to the both travel motors through the turning joint. The return oil from both travel motors returns
to the hydraulic oil tank through the turning joint and the travel spools in the main control valve. When this happens,
the machine moves to the forward or reverse.

SMIL17MEX1665GA 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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The valves on the travel motors offer the following functions.

Counterbalance valve
When stopping the motor of slope descending, this valve to prevent the motor over run.

Speed change mechanism (automatic)

The auto two-speed control mechanism consists of two spools and spring. This valve automatically changes motor
displacement in portion to the motor pressure.

SMIL17MEX1666FB 2

Cm. Speed change mechanism (automatic) 9. Hydraulic swivel

Cv. Counterbalance valve

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Dozer circuit

Dozer up circuit
When the dozer control lever is pulled back, the dozer spool in the main control valve is moved to the dozer up position
by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the main control valve
and then goes to the small chamber of dozer cylinders. At the same time, the oil from the large chamber of dozer
cylinders returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the dozer spool in the main control valve. When this happens, the
dozer goes up.

SMIL17MEX1667GA 1

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Dozer down circuit

When the dozer control lever is pushed forward, the dozer spool in the main control valve is moved to the dozer down
position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the main control
valve and then goes to the large chamber of dozer cylinders. At the same time, the oil from the small chamber of
dozer cylinders returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the dozer spool in the main control valve. When this happens,
the dozer blade is down.

SMIL17MEX1668GA 2

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Hydraulic systems - Hydraulic schema - Combined circuits

Outline circuit
The oil from the P1, P2, P3 pump flows through the neutral oil passage, bypass oil passage and confluence oil pas-
sage in the main control valve. Then the oil goes to each actuator and operates them. Check valves and orifices are
located on these oil passage in the main control valve. These control the oil from the main pumps so as to correspond
to the operation of each actuator and smooth the combined operation.

SMIL17MEX1670GB 1

10. Travel selector spool Pilot tank line

Pilot pressure line

Actuator pilot pressure line

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Combined swing and boom circuits

When the swing and boom functions are operated, simultaneously the selector spool, swing spool and boom spools
in the main control valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve.
The oil from the P1 pump and solenoid from the P3 pump flows into the boom cylinder through boom. The oil from the
P3 pump flows into the swing motor through the swing spool. The upper-structure swings and the boom is operated.

SMIL17MEX1671GB 2

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

10 Travel selector spool

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Combined swing and arm circuits

When the swing and arm functions are operated, simultaneously the swing spool and arm spools in the main control
valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A3
pump flows into the swing motor through swing spool. The oil from the A2 pump flows into the arm cylinder through
the arm. The superstructure swings and the arm is operated.

SMIL17MEX1672GA 3

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined swing and bucket circuits

When the swing and bucket functions are operated, simultaneously the swing spool and bucket spool in the main
control valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from
the A3 pump flows into the swing motor through the swing spool. The oil from the A1 pump flows into the bucket
cylinder through the bucket spool.

SMIL17MEX1673GA 4

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined swing, boom, arm and bucket circuits

When the swing, boom, arm and bucket functions are operated, simultaneously each spool in the main control valve
is moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A2 pump
flows into the arm cylinder through, arm spool. The oil from the A1 pump flows into the boom cylinders and bucket
cylinder through the boom spool, bucket spool. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the swing motor through the swing
spool. The superstructure swings and the boom, arm and bucket are operated.

SMIL17MEX1674GA 5

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined swing and travel circuits

When the swing and travel functions are operated, simultaneously the swing spool and travel spools in the main
control valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve and the travel
levers. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the swing motor through the swing spool. The oil from the A1 pump flows
into the travel motor through the right-hand travel spool. The oil from the A2 pump flows into the travel motor through
the left-hand travel spool. The superstructure swings and the machine travels straight.

SMIL17MEX1675GA 6

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined boom and travel circuits

When the boom and travel functions are operated, simultaneously the boom spools and travel spools in the main
control valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from
the A1 and A2 pumps flows into the travel motors through travel right-handand travel left-handspools. The oil from
the A3 pump flows into the boom cylinders through boom spool via the travel selector spool. The boom is operated
and the machine travels straight.

SMIL17MEX1676GA 7

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined arm and travel circuits

When the arm and travel functions are operated, simultaneously the arm spools and travel spools in the main control
valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve. The oil from the A1
and A2 pumps flows into the travel motors through travel spools. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the arm cylinder
through arm spool via the travel selector spool. The arm is operated and the machine travels straight.

SMIL17MEX1677GA 8

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Combined bucket and travel circuits

When the bucket and travel functions are operated, simultaneously the bucket spool and travel spools in the main
control valve are moved to the functional position by the pilot oil pressure from the remote control valve, and the travel
selector spool is pushed to the up by the oil pressure from pilot pump. The oil from the A1 and A2 pumps flows into
the travel motors. The oil from the A3 pump flows into the bucket cylinder through bucket spool via the travel selector
spool. The bucket is operated and the machine travels straight.

SMIL17MEX1678GA 9

Pressure line Pilot pressure line

Tank line Secondary pilot pressure line

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Hydraulic systems - Service instruction - Troubleshooting

Machine inoperative with working engine
1. Check the oil level in the hydraulic oil tank.
A. f the oil level in the hydraulic oil tank is below the lower red line of the level gauge, replenish with
the hydraulic oil to the standard level.
B. If the oil level in the hydraulic oil tank is between the red lines of the level gauge, proceed to step 2.

2. Check the noise from the hydraulic pump.

A. If the hydraulic pump makes abnormal noise, hydraulic pump is broken. Disassemble and repair it.
B. If the hydraulic pump does not make abnormal noise, proceed to step 3.

3. Check the noise from the hydraulic pump connections.

A. If the hydraulic pump connections make abnormal noise, hydraulic pump or engine is faulty, refer to
this manual.
B. If the hydraulic pump connections do not make abnormal noise, proceed to step 4.

4. Measure the primary pilot pressure.

A. If the primary pilot pressure is within the standard levels, proceed to step 5.
B. If the primary pilot pressure is not within the standard levels, proceed to step 6.

5. Check the pilot piping clogging and oil leakage on pilot piping.
A. If the pilot piping is clogged or oil leakage is presence on pilot piping, clean pilot piping interior or
repair the piping.
B. If the pilot piping is not clogged or oil leakage is not presence on pilot piping, pilot valve is faulty.
Disassemble and repair it.

6. Check the gear pump in terms of the oil leakage.

A. If the gear pump is delivery oil, pilot relief valve is faulty. Repair or replace it.
B. If the gear pump is not delivery oil, gear pump is broken. Disassemble and repair it.

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