CALCULATION Otr INTIRVAL V|TLOCITILS 109

Conclusi-on:

rf we have velocities derived from a veloclty anarysis (that is based on

values of Vpyg) on one handr.,asd velocities ieriveA from check shot
measurements (that is based ofr values of average velocities Vr) on the
500
other hand, the interval veroc.ity calculated fror vRMS will be greater
than that calculated frorn v14, by an amount which depends on t.he hetero- l
geneity of the interval concerned.
3.3. Choiqe of Calculafion Interval
A root mean square interval velocity is calculated from velocity analyses.
rt is therefore necessary L.o select a sufficiently homogeneous
to get an approximation.to a representative interval velocit.y. interval
This
interval must be bounded unambiguously by clear reflections, corresponding
to significant changes in acoustic impeclance.
il care must be taken in using interval velocities. Figure lo.B shows
an example of this: in the shale-sand facies of a br:rehole in TNDONESTA,
lil
llt the velocity increases with depth. The interva.l. velocity calculate6 in
formation B over a large t.hickness (1000 m) is only a mean value (quad-
ilr
i
ratlc or otherwise according to the methorl of calculation) of the velo_
cities of the elementary layers. Thls means that at the upper and lower
ii bounds,of the layer, it differs considerably (t 250 n/s.pi..*i*.t.i;r-
from the true valttes. Hence any conclusion- drawn from this in connection
with refrection coefficients and amplitudes would be fa1se.
3.4. Calculation Erlp1 in Interval Velocities
rnterval velocities are usually calculated from velocit.ies i-n the mean
square form, by use of DIXts formula:
)) 2000

")
v;t2 - Yitr tr
vL
'T-_ .r-1 'rl
.q p
}J
li
a
OJ
L
ci
o. o
ao E
A quick calculation of the error gives (neglecting terms in 6V2):

AVT =
Y
2.LV 2.t2 - v2.AV1.rl rFlg. 10.8. Ezz,
vr(.2 - .r) ( 10. 1) atir
In thls equation AV, is the error in the interval velocity rhere
when errors
of AV, and AV, are made in the values of V*r, used. vttt
Equation (10.1) can also be put as: u=6,
AV2=aAVr+bAV, ( 10.2) (10.2) is the equatsir
(Figure 10.9).