HAMAD INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

JET FUEL SYSTEM EXPANSION

PROJECT SPECIFICATION
SECTION 051200 – STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING

00 31/01/2019 ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION MS LW LW DP

REV. DATE REASON FOR REVISION BY DM PM PD
SPECIFICATION NO.

JET FUEL SYSTEM 00102-C5800-04-3PS-

EXPANSION 051200

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PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS – STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING

PART 1. GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and

Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this
Section.

B Qatar Construction Standard QCS 2014

1.2 SUMMARY

A This Section includes fabrication and erection of structural steel work, as

shown on drawings including schedules, notes, and details showing size and
location of members, typical and special connections, and types of steel
required.

B Related Work Specified in Other Sections:

1 Section 033000, “Cast-In-Place Concrete” for anchor bolt installation in

concrete and for grout.
2 Section 053100, “Steel Deck” for connections to metal deck, including
field installation of shear connectors.
3 Section 099000 “Painting and Coating” Painting Sections for repair of
primed steel.
1.3 DEFINITIONS

A Structural Steel: Elements of structural-steel frame, as classified by AISC's

"Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges," that support design
loads.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A Product Data: For each type of product indicated.

B Shop Drawings: Follow AISC Specifications and AISC standard detailing

practice. Prepared under the supervision of a licensed Civil or Structural
Engineer, recognised by the Qatari Ministry of Municipal Affairs and
Agriculture, including complete details and schedules for fabrication and
assembly of structural steel members, procedures, diagrams, and erection
plans.

1 Include details of cuts, connections, splices, camber, holes, and other

pertinent data.
2 Include embedment drawings.
3 Indicate welds by standard AWS symbols, distinguishing between shop
and field welds, and show size, length, and type of each weld.
4 Indicate type, size, and length of bolts, distinguishing between shop
and field bolts. Identify pre-tensioned and slip-critical high-strength bolted
connections.

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5 Penetrations in Structural Members:

a Show penetrations as indicated on Drawings (un-dimensioned) with
dimensioned locations and sizes and appropriate reinforcing details
required.
b Coordinate penetrations with Work of other trades requiring
penetrations.
C Welding certificates, including but not limited to, electrodes, welding
procedures, weld qualifications, and welder qualifications.

D Qualification Data: For testing and inspection agency, as specified in Quality

Assurance section paragraph 1.5.C.

1 The testing and inspection agency shall review the contract documents,
codes and specifications and submit detailed plan clearly indicating
testing and inspection requirements and sampling rate, both at source
and at field, for Engineer’s review and approval. The testing-inspection
plan shall clearly identify the key personnel responsible for carrying
out various quality-assurance and quality-control responsibilities. The
personnel shall be experienced and shall have required certification to
perform the testing and inspections. Submit such plan at least eight
weeks prior to commencement of receiving steel in the fabrication
facilities. Such plan should be for all fabrication facilities employed by the
contractor.
E Mill Test Reports: Signed by manufacturers certifying that the following
products comply with requirements of appropriate ASTM standards:

1 Structural steel including chemical and physical properties, for steel

shapes, bars and plates.
2 In addition, for heavy shapes and plates exceeding 51mm thick and
all steel material for arches, Charpy V-Notch testing shall be required in
accordance with AISC Specification for Steel Buildings, Section A3.1.c.
3 High strength bolts, anchor bolts, anchor rods, nuts, and washers
including mechanical properties and chemical analysis.
4 Direct-tension indicators.
5 Tension-control, high-strength bolt-nut-washer assemblies.
6 Shear stud connectors.
7 Shop primers.
8 Non-shrink grout.
F Source quality-control and field quality control inspection and test reports: as
specified in paragraph 2.10, “SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL”, and paragraph
3.5 “FIELD QUALITY CONTROL” of this specifications. All reports shall be
signed by registered professional Engineers.

G Certified copies of each survey conducted by a licensed Land Surveyor,

showing elevations and locations of base plates and anchor bolts to receive
structural steel and final elevations and locations for major members. Indicate
discrepancies between actual installation and contract documents.

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H Samples: Submit samples of AESS to set quality standards for exposed welds
for Category 1 AESS.

1 Two steel plates, 3/8 by 8 by 4 inches (9.5 by 200 by 100 mm), with long
edges and right angle (return) joined by a groove weld [and with weld
ground smooth].
2 Steel plate, 3/8 by 8 by 8 inches (9.5 by 200 by 200 mm), with one end of
a short length of rectangular steel tube, 4 by 6 by 3/8 inches (100 by
150 by 9.5 mm), welded to plate with a continuous fillet weld [and with
weld ground smooth and blended].
3 Round steel tube or pipe, minimum 8 inches (200 mm) in diameter, with
end of another round steel tube or pipe, approximately 4 inches (100
mm) in diameter, welded to its side at a 45-degree angle with a continuous
fillet weld and with weld ground smooth and blended.
I Contractor responsible for the submission of all connection calculations
produced by the steel fabricator to the Structural Design Engineer for review
and comment.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer who participates in the AISC

Quality Certification Program and is designated an AISC-Certified Erector,
Category CASE, or certified by an entity of equivalent status for quality
management system.

B Fabricator Qualifications: A qualified fabricator who participates in the AISC

Quality Certification Program and is designated an AISC-Certified Plant,
Category CBD, or certified by an entity of equivalent status for quality
management system.

C Fabricators Connection Design qualifications and experience must be

demonstrated prior to the fabrication process. Appropriate, qualified designers
need to be appointed by the fabricator to undertake the structural design of the
connections. Each set of connection calculations must be reviewed by Structural
Engineer (s) appointed by the fabricator with a minimum of PE (Professional
Engineer) or CEng (Chartered Engineer) status and 6 years post professional
qualification experience. CV’s of the appointed rare to be submitted to the 3rd
party checked appointed by HIA prior to undertaking any fabrication work.

D Testing, inspection agency qualifications: The testing, inspection agency shall

comply with:

1 ASTM E329 – Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in the Testing

and/or Inspection of Material Used in Construction.
2 ASTM E543 – Standard Practice for Agencies Performing Non-
destructive Testing.
3 The Testing Laboratory shall be accredited by NAMAS or an equivalent
national standard and shall have a quality system in accordance with
ANSI/ISO Q9001.
4 The testing inspection agency shall submit written response to "Quality
Assurance Agency Evaluation Checklist" as per ISO/IEC Guide 25.1990
"General Requirements for the Competence of Calibration and Testing
Laboratories" and ASTM E1359 "Standard Guide for Evaluating
capabilities of Non-Destructive Testing Agencies".

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E Shop-Painting Applicators: Qualified according to AISC's Sophisticated Paint

Endorsement P1, "Standard Procedure for Evaluating Qualifications of Shop
Painting Applicators", or certified by an entity of equivalent status for quality
management system.

F Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.1,

"Structural Welding Code–Steel."

G Comply with applicable provisions of the following specifications and documents:

1 AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges,"

including all supplements and advisories and also including special
requirements for all Group 4 and Group 5 members.
2 AISC's "Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings" and
"Supplement No. 2."
3 AISC's "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings--Allowable Stress
Design and Load Resistance Factor Design," including “commentary.”
4 AISC “Manual Of Steel Construction” Allowable Stress Design and Load
Resistance Factor Design.
5 AISC's "Specification for the Design of Steel Hollow Structural Sections."
6 AISC's "Specification for Allowable Stress Design of Single-Angle
Members."
7 RCSC's "Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490
Bolts."
8 AISC’s “Detailing for Steel Construction, 2nd Edition.”
9 American Welding Society (AWS) D1.1 “Structural Welding Code – Steel.”
10 ASTM A6, "General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars,
Plates, and Shapes."
11 HIA project Specification 052100, “Welding.”
12 QCS “Qatari Construction Specification 2014.” IBC
13 IBC 2012 “International Building Code 2012.”
14 BS EN 1993 Eurocode 3: “Design of steel structures”
15 Stainless steel rope testing: Tests for breaking load 5DIN 3051-4,
section 6.4.2. and DIN 51201. Tensile test to 3.2 EN-10204. Tests on
wires of rope, Youngs Modulus of rope, diameter of rope 3.1 B-EN 10204.
H Conflicting Requirements:

1 Referenced Standards: If compliance with two or more standards is

specified and the standards establish different or conflicting
requirements for minimum quantities or quality levels, comply with the
most stringent requirement. Refer conflicting requirements that are
different, but apparently equal, to Engineer for a decision before
proceeding.
I Pre-installation Conference: Conduct conferences at Project site to comply with
Project requirements for Project Management and Coordination.

J Unless accepted otherwise by the Engineer, use manufactures and installers

that employ a Quality Management System complying with the program
described in ISO 9001-2008, or similar system.

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1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A Store materials to permit easy access for inspection and identification. Keep
steel members off ground and spaced by using pallets, dunnage, or other
supports and spacers. Protect steel members and packaged materials from
erosion and deterioration. Prevent surface abrasion, contamination and
damage to materials during handling and delivery.

1 Store fasteners in a protected place. Clean and re-lubricate bolts and

nuts that become dry or rusty before use.
B Steelwork shall be bundled, packed, handled and transported in a safe manner
so that permanent distortion does not occur and surface damage is minimised

C Do not store materials on structure in a manner that might cause distortion,

damage, or overload to members or supporting structures. Repair or replace
damaged materials or structures as directed.

1.7 COORDINATION

A Furnish anchorage items to be embedded in or attached to other construction

without delaying the Work. Provide setting diagrams, sheet metal templates,
instructions, and directions for installation.

PART 2. PRODUCTS
2.1 STRUCTURAL-STEEL MATERIALS

A BS 4 Structural steel sections, Part 1 1993, Hot-rolled sections.

B BS 639 Covered carbon and carbon manganese steel electrodes for manual
metal- arc welding

C BS 729 Hot dip galvanised coatings on iron and steel articles.

D BS 2901 Filler rods and wires for gas-shielded arc welding.

E BS 2989 Continuously hot-dip zinc coated and iron-zinc alloy coated steel flat
products.

F BS 3692 ISO metric precision hexagon bolts, screw and nuts.

G BS 4165 Electrode wires and fluxes for the submerged arc welding of carbon
steel and medium-tensile steel.

H BS 4190 ISO metric black hexagon bolts, screw and nuts.

I BS 4320 Metal washers for general engineering purposes.

J BS 4395 High strength friction grip bolts and associated nuts and washers for
structural engineering.

K BS 4848 Hot rolled structural steel sections

L BS 4921 Sherardized coatings on iron and steel

M BS 4929 Steel hexagon prevailing-torque type nuts

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N BS 4933 ISO metric black cup and countersunk head bolts and screws with
hexagon nuts.

O BS 5135 Process of arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels

P BS 5950 Structural use of steel work in building

Q BS 6363 Welded cold formed steel structural hollow sections

R BS 7079 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related

products.

S BS 7084 Carbon and carbon-manganese steel tubular cored welding electrodes

T BS 7419 Holding down bolts

U BS EN 10025 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels-Technical

delivery conditions.

V BS EN 10029 Tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass for hot rolled steel
plates 3mm thick or above.

W BS EN 10034 Structural steel I and H sections-Tolerances on shape and

dimensions.

X BS EN 10051 Specification for continuously hot-rolled uncoated plate, sheet and

strip of non-alloy steels. Tolerances on dimension and shape

Y BS EN 10113 Hot rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels.

Z BS EN 10147 Continuously hot-dip zinc coated structural steel sheet and strip-
Technical delivery conditions.

AA BS EN 10163 Delivery requirements for surface conditions of hot rolled steel

plates wide flats and sections.

BS EN 10210 Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grains
structural steels.

BB BS EN 102101 Technical delivery conditions

CC BS EN 10155 Structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance.

Technical delivery conditions

DD W-Shapes: ASTM A 992/A 992M or A 36/A 36M, ASTM A 572/A 572M, GRADE
50 (345).

EE Channels, Angles, M, S-Shapes: ASTM A 36/A 36M or ASTM A 572/A 572M,

Grade 5 0 ( 345).

FF Plate and Bar: ASTM A 36/A 36M or ASTM A 572/A 572M, Grade 5 0
( 345). ASTM A 852M, Grade 70 (480).

GG Cold-Formed Hollow Structural Sections: ASTM A 500M, Grade B, structural

tubing.

HH Corrosion Resisting Structural Steel: ASTM A 588/A588M, Grade 50 (345).

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II Corrosion Resisting Cold Formed Hollow Structural Sections: ASTM A 847,

structural tubing.

JJ Steel Pipe: ASTM A53M, Grade B.

1 Weight Class: As indicated on Drawings.

2 Finish: Black, except where indicated to be galvanized.
KK Stainless Steel for structure: AISI TP 316 or BS 970, grade 316 S16.

LL Stainless Steel Plate: ASTM A 666, Type 316L.

MM Stainless Steel Rope: ASTM A 276, type 316L.

NN Stainless steel Pipe: ASTM A 312/A 312M, grade TP316L.

OO Stainless Steel Tube: ASTM A 554, grade MT316L.

PP Welding Electrodes:

1 Comply with AWS requirements.

2 Filler Metal: Filler metal for moment frame beam-to-column connections
and all brace frame connections including gusset plate, continuity plate
connections, shall have a notch toughness not less than 55 N-m at
21°C as measured by a standard Charpy V-notch test, ASTM E23.
2.2 BOLTS, CONNECTORS, AND ANCHORS

A High-Strength Bolts, Nuts, and Washers: ASTM A 325M, Type 1, heavy hex
steel structural bolts; ASTM A 563M heavy hex carbon-steel nuts; and
ASTM F 436M hardened carbon-steel washers.

1 Finish: Plain.
2 Direct-Tension Indicators: ASTM F 959M, Type 8.8, compressible-washer
type.
a Finish: Plain.
B High-Strength Bolts, Nuts, and Washers: ASTM A 490M, Type 1, heavy hex
steel structural bolts; ASTM A 563M heavy hex carbon-steel nuts; and
ASTM F 436M hardened carbon-steel washers, plain.

1 Direct-Tension Indicators: ASTM F 959M, Type 10.9, compressible-

washer type, plain.
C Tension-Control, High-Strength Bolt-Nut-Washer Assemblies: ASTM F 1852,
Type 1, heavy hex head steel structural bolts with splined ends; ASTM A
563M heavy hex carbon-steel nuts; and ASTM F 436M hardened carbon-steel
washers.

D Finish: Plain.

E Shear Connectors: ASTM A 108, Grades 1015 through 1020, headed-stud type,
cold- finished carbon steel; AWS D1.1, Type B.

F Anchor Bolts: ASTM A 307, ASTM F1554 and ASTM A 354-BD as indicated.

G Clevises and Turnbuckles: ASTM A 108, Grade 1035, cold-finished carbon steel.

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H Eye Bolts and Nuts: ASTM A 108, Grade 1030, cold-finished carbon steel.

I Sleeve Nuts: ASTM A 108, Grade 1018, cold-finished carbon steel.

2.3 UN-IDENTIFIABLE STEEL PRODUCTS

A Steel products received at site without proper mill certificate shall be considered
as Un- Identifiable. All such products shall be tested and inspected by Testing
– Inspection agency. The tests and rate of sampling shall be as specified in
the paragraph 2.10 “SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL”

2.4 PRIMER

B Primer: SSPC-Paint 25, Type I, iron oxide, zinc oxide, raw linseed oil, and alkyd.

C Galvanizing Repair Paint: SSPC-Paint 20 or ASTM A 780.

D Primer for AESS to receive high performance coating: As specified in Section

099000.

2.5 GROUT

A Nonmetallic, Shrinkage-Resistant Grout: ASTM C 1107, factory-packaged,

nonmetallic aggregate grout, noncorrosive, non-staining, mixed with water to
consistency suitable for application and a 30-minute working time.

2.6 FABRICATION

A Structural Steel: Fabricate and assemble in shop to greatest extent possible.

Fabricate according to AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings
and Bridges" and AISC's "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings–
Allowable Stress Design and Load Resistance Factor Design."

1 All steel to be used in the works shall have a test certificate (see section
1.4 of this specification)
2 Camber structural-steel members where indicated.
3 Identify high-strength structural steel according to ASTM A 6/ A 6M and
maintain markings until structural steel has been erected.
4 Mark and match-mark materials for field assembly.
5 Complete structural-steel assemblies, including welding of units, before
starting shop-priming operations.

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B Thermal Cutting: Perform thermal cutting by machine to greatest extent

possible. Preheat heavy sections and thick plates prior to cutting as required
by AISC Specification for Steel Buildings and AWS Code.

1 Plane thermally cut edges to be welded to comply with requirements

in AWS D1.1.
C Bolt Holes: Cut, drill, or punch standard bolt holes perpendicular to metal
surfaces.

D Finishing: Accurately finish ends of columns and other members transmitting

bearing loads.

E Cleaning: Clean and prepare steel surfaces that are to remain unpainted
according to SSPC-SP 3, "Power Tool Cleaning."

F Shear Connectors: Use where indicated on Drawings. Prepare steel surfaces

as recommended by manufacturer of shear connectors. Use automatic end
welding of headed-stud shear connectors according to AWS D1.1 and
manufacturer's written instructions.

C Cutting and shaping

1 Cutting operations
a Cutting and shaping of steel may be carried out by shearing, cropping,
sawing, nibbling, laser cutting or machine flame cutting, except that
where machine flame cutting is impractical, hand flame cutting may be
used.
2 Flame cut edges
a Flame-cut edges which are free from significant irregularities shall be
accepted without further treatment except for the removal of dross,
otherwise cut edges shall be dressed to remove irregularities.
b Thermal Cutting: Perform thermal cutting by machine to greatest
extent possible. Preheat heavy sections and thick plates prior to
cutting as required by AISC Specification for Steel Buildings and AWS
Code.
Plane thermally cut edges to be welded to comply with requirements in
AWS D1.1.
3 Columns
a Columns with ends not in direct bearing or intended to be erected on
packs or shims, shall be fabricated to the accuracy given in Item 2 of
Table 7.1 of this Section.
b Columns intended to be in direct bearing shall be fabricated to the
accuracy given Item 3 of Table 7.1 of this Section
c Column sections which are one metre and over in width or depth and
are intended to be in direct bearing, shall be specially prepared at the
butting ends so that the erection tolerances in Items 4 and 5 of
Table 9.2 of this Section can be achieved.

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D Machining

1 The thickness of elements shown on the drawings as requiring machining

shall mean the minimum thickness after the machining operations
E Dressing

1 Removal of Burrs
a Cut edges shall be dressed to remove dross, burrs, and irregularities.
Holes shall be dressed as required to remove burrs and protruding
edges
Dressing of edges
Sharp edges shall be dressed, but a 90degree rolled, cut, sheared or machined edge
is acceptable without further treatment.
F Holing

1 Holes: Provide holes required for securing other work to structural

steel and for passage of other work through steel framing members.
a Cut, drill, or punch holes perpendicular to steel surfaces. Do not
thermally cut bolt holes or enlarge holes by burning.
b Base-Plate Holes: Cut, drill, mechanically thermal cut, or punch
holes perpendicular to steel surfaces.
c Weld threaded nuts to framing and other specialty items indicated
to receive other work.
2 Matching
a All matching holes for fasteners or pins shall register with each other
so that fasteners can be inserted without undue force through the
assembled members in a direction at right angles to the faces in
contact. Drifts may be used but holes shall not be distorted.
3 Drilling through more than one thickness
a Drilling shall be permitted through more than one thickness where the
separate parts are tightly clamped together before drilling. The parts
shall be separated after drilling and any burrs removed
4 Punching full size
a Fill size punching of holes shall be permitted when:
i The tolerance on distortion of the punched hole does not exceed
that shown in Item 3 of table 7.2 of this section
ii The holes are free of burrs which would prevent solid seating of
the parts when tightened
iii The thickness of the material is not greater than the hole diameter
iv The maximum thickness for all steel grades used from the
standards listed in Table 2.1 of this section is:
b 2mm for sub-grade A
c 16mm for sub-grade B
d 20mm for sub grade C or higher sub grade; in spliced connections
when the holes in mating surfaces are punched in the same direction

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5 Punching and Reaming

a Punching is permitted without the conditions in item 3 above, provided
that the holes are punched at least 2mm less in diameter than the
required size and the hole is reamed to the full diameter after assembly
6 Slotted holes
a Slotted holes shall be made by one of the following methods:
i Punched in one operation
ii Formed by drilling two holes and completed by cutting
iii Machine operated flame cutting
G Assembly

1 General requirements
a All components shall be assembled within tolerances specified in
Section 7 of this Section and in a manner such that they are not bent,
twisted or otherwise damaged.
b Drifting of holes to align the components shall be permitted, but must
not cause damage or distortion to the final assembly (see Clause
6.3.2).
H Curving and straightening

1 Curving or straightening components during fabrication, shall be

performed by one of the following methods:
a Mechanical means, taking care to minimise indentations, or change
of cross- section
b The local application of heat, ensuring that he temperature of the metal
is carefully controlled, and does not exceed 650oC
c The induction bending process where the procedure used includes
careful temperature control; after curving or straightening, welds within
the area of curving or straightening shall be visually inspected. Welds
which are to be subject to non-destructive examination shall have
these tests carried out after curving or straightening
2.7 INSPECTION

A General requirements: Sufficient components shall be checked for dimensional

accuracy and conformity to drawing, to prove that the manufacturing process is
working satisfactorily.

2.8 SHOP CONNECTIONS

A High-Strength Bolts: Shop install high-strength bolts according to RCSC's

"Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325M or A 490M Bolts" for
type of bolt and type of joint specified. Comply with AISC Specification for Steel
Buildings for welded splices and edge treatment of beam copes and weld
access holes for heavy sections and thick plates.

1 Joint Type: Pre-tensioned or Slip critical, as indicated on Drawings.

2 Bolt combinations:
a The combinations of bolts and nuts shall be not less than the following:
i 4.6 bolts with grade 4 nuts (BS 4190)
ii 8.8 bolts with grade 8 nuts (BS 3692)
iii 10.9 bolts with grade 12 nuts (BS 3692).
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b Any bolt assemblies which seize when being tightened shall be

replaced.
3 Differing Bolt Grades: Different bolt grades of the same diameter shall not
be used in the same structure, except when agreed otherwise by the
Engineer.
4 Bolt Length: The bolt length shall be chosen such that, after tightening, at
least one thread plus the thread run-out will be clear between the nut and
the unthreaded shank of the bolt and at least one clear thread shall show
above the nut.
5 Washers:
a When the members being connected have a finished surface
protective treatment which may be damaged by the nut or bolt head
being rotated, a washer shall be placed under the rotating part
b A suitable plate, or heavy duty, washer shall be used under the head
and nut when bolts are used to assemble components with oversize or
slotted holes
6 Taper Washers: When the bolt head or nut is in contact with a surface
which is inclined at more than 30 from a plane at right angles to the bolt
axis, a taper washer shall be placed to achieve satisfactory bearing.
7 Galvanised Nuts: Nuts shall be checked after being galvanized for free
running on the bolt and retapped if necessary to ensure a satisfactory
tightening performance
8 Bolt tightening: Bolts may be assembled using power tools or shall be fully
tightened by hand using appropriate spanners in accordance with BS
2583
9 Fitted bolts: Precision bolts to BS 3692 may be used as fitted bolts when
holes are drilled or reamed after assembly so that the clearance in the
hole is not more than 0.3 mm.
B Weld Connections: Comply with AWS D1.1 for welding procedure
specifications, tolerances, appearance, and quality of welds and for methods
used in correcting welding work.

1 Welders shall be tested to meet the requirements of BS EN 287 Part 1

but, in the case of welders engaged on fillet welding only, BS 4872 Part 1
is an acceptable alternative.
2 As an alternative, when permitted by the Employer, welders may be tested
to meet the requirements of the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, ASME IX, or the American Welding Society, AWS Dl.1
3 Welder testing shall be witnessed and certificates endorsed by an
independent Inspection Authority
4 The certification shall remain valid providing it complies with the
conditions for re-approval of certification specified in BS EN 287 Part 1
5 Remove backing bars or runoff tabs, back gouge, apply reinforcing fillet
weld, and grind steel smooth.
6 Assemble and weld built-up sections by methods that will maintain true
alignment of axes without exceeding tolerances of AISC's "Code of
Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges" for mill material.
7 Verify that weld sizes, fabrication sequence, and equipment used for
architecturally exposed structural steel will limit distortions to allowable

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tolerances. Prevent weld show-through on exposed steel surfaces when

indicated as architecturally exposed.
a Grind butt welds flush.
b Grind or fill exposed fillet welds to smooth profile. Dress exposed welds.
8 Welding shall be a metal arc process in accordance with BS 5135 and BS
4570, as appropriate, together with other clauses contained in this
section, unless otherwise specifically permitted by the Engineer
9 Welding consumables used shall be chosen to ensure that the mechanical
properties of the weld metal are not less than those required for the parent
metal.
10 Joints shall be prepared in accordance with BS 5135. Precautions shall
be taken to ensure cleanliness of the connection prior to welding.
C Assembly

1 Fit up: Joints shall be fitted up to the dimensional accuracy required by

the welding procedure, depending on the process to be used, to ensure
that the quality in Table 5.2 is achieved
2 Jigs: Fabrications assembled in jigs may be completely welded in the jig,
or may be removed from the jig after tack welding.
a Tack Welds: Tack welds shall be made using the same procedures as
for the root runs of main welds. The length of the tack shall be the
lesser of 4 times the thickness of the thicker part or 50 mm, unless
demonstrated by a weld procedure qualification.
b Tack welds which are not defective may be incorporated into main
welds provided that the welder is qualified as in Clause 5.2 of this Part.
However, where joints are welded using an automatic or mechanised
process, the suitability of the tack weld used for incorporation into
automatic processes shall be demonstrated in the weld procedure
qualification
c Where tack welds are made in circumstances other than those
identified above, they must be removed
3 Distortion Control: The sequence of welding a joint or a sequence of joints
shall be such that distortion is minimised (see Part 7 of this Section)
4 Fabrication or erection attachments:
a Welding of attachments required for fabrication or erection purposes
shall be made in accordance with the requirements for a permanent
weld.
b When removal is necessary, they shall be flame cut or gouged at a
point not less than 3 mm from the surface of the parent material. The
residual material shall be ground flush and the affected area visually
inspected. When thicknesses are greater than 20 mm it shall also be
checked by magnetic particle inspection. Acceptance criteria are as
set out in Table 5.2. Attachments shall not be removed by hammering.
(See Clause 3.4.2 of this Section).

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5 Extension pieces: Where the profile of a weld is maintained to the free

end of a run by the use of extension pieces they shall be of material of a
similar composition, but not necessarily the same grade, as the
component. They shall be arranged so as to provide continuity of
preparation and shall be removed after completion of the weld and the
surface ground smooth.
6 Production test plates: Where production test plates are required for
testing purposes, they shall be clamped in line with the joint. The grade
of material and rolling direction shall match the parent plate, but need not
be cut from the same plates or cast.
D Shear stud welding

1 Method: Shear studs shall be welded in accordance with the

manufacturer's recommendations for materials, procedures and
equipment.
2 Trial welding:
a When specified by the Engineer and before production welding of
studs commences, procedure trials shall be carried out. The trials shall
be made on samples of material and studs representative of those to
be used in the work. The samples of materials and studs shall be
agreed with the Engineer
b Where primers are to be applied to the work prior to the welding of
studs they shall be applied to the sample material before the procedure
trials are made.
3 Tests and inspection
a All studs are to be visually inspected. They shall show a full 360degree
collar
b At location agreed with the Engineer a minimum of 5% of studs which
have satisfied the visual inspection shall have a bend test. The bend
test shall be made by striking the head of the stud with a 6kg hammer
until it is displaced laterally a distance of about one quarter of the
height of the stud. The stud weld shall not show any signs of cracking
or lack of fusion.
c Studs subjected to the bend test shall not be straightened.
4 Defective studs: Studs with defective welding shall be removed in the
manner described in Clause 5.4.5 of this Part, and replaced and re-tested
as in Clause 5.6.3 of this Part.
5 Steel to be clear of paint prior to studding, fabricator to mask areas to be
studded
2.9 SHOP PRIMING

A Shop prime steel surfaces except the following:

1 Surfaces embedded in concrete or mortar. Extend priming of partially

embedded members to a depth of 50 mm.
2 Surfaces to be field welded.
3 Surfaces to be high-strength bolted with slip-critical connections.
4 Surfaces to receive sprayed fire-resistive materials.
5 Galvanized surfaces.

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B Surface Preparation: Clean surfaces to be painted. Remove loose rust and mill
scale and spatter, slag, or flux deposits. Prepare surfaces according to the
following specifications and standards:

1 SSPC-SP 14/NACE No. 8, "Industrial Blast Cleaning."

C Priming: Immediately after surface preparation, apply primer according to
manufacturer's written instructions and at rate recommended by SSPC to provide
a dry film thickness of not less than 0.038 mm. Use priming methods that
result in full coverage of joints, corners, edges, and exposed surfaces.

1 Stripe paint corners, crevices, bolts, welds, and sharp edges.

2 Apply two coats of shop paint to inaccessible surfaces after assembly or
erection. Change color of second coat to distinguish it from first.
2.10 GALVANIZING

A Hot-Dip Galvanized Finish (For elements indicated on Drawings): Apply zinc

coating by the hot-dip process to structural steel according to ASTM A 123/ A
123M.

1 Fill vent holes and grind smooth after galvanizing.

2.11 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

A Contractor shall engage an independent testing and inspecting agency to

perform continuous tests and inspections. Such tests and inspections shall be
performed at the source e.g. plant, mill, factory or shop, and prepare certified test
reports.

1 Provide testing agency with access to places where structural-steel work

is being fabricated or produced to perform tests and inspections.
B Testing Agency Responsibilities: Provide qualified personnel as required by
Codes and Standards to perform required tests and inspections.

1 Notify, in writing to Engineer and Contractor, promptly of irregularities or

deficiencies observed in the Work during performance of its services.
2 Determine the location by column line and floor from which samples will be
taken in which in-situ tests are conducted.
3 Conduct and interpret tests and inspections and state in each report
whether tested and inspected work complies with or deviates from
requirements, and contract documents.
4 Submit a certified written report, in duplicate, of each test, inspection and
similar quality-control service through Contractor.
5 Do not release, revoke, alter or increase the Contract Document
requirements or approve or accept any portion of the Work.
6 Do not perform any duties of Contractor.
7 Coordination: Coordinate sequence of activities to accommodate
required quality-assurance and control services with a minimum of
delay and to avoid necessity of removing and replacing construction to
accommodate testing and inspecting.
a Schedule times for tests, inspections, obtaining samples, and
similar activities.

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8 Schedule of Tests and Inspections: Prepare, in advance of start of

construction, a schedule of tests, inspections and similar quality-control
services required by the Contract Documents as a component of Testing
Agency's quality-control plan. Coordinate and submit concurrently with
Contractor's construction schedule. Update as the Work progresses.
a Distribution: Distribute schedule of tests and inspections to Engineer
allowing sufficient review time.
2.12 TESTS AND INSPECTIONS:

A Tests and inspections: Conducted by qualified inspectors of the Testing

Agency as required by Codes and Standards and as indicated in individual
Specification Sections and as follows:

1 Verifying that manufacturer of structural steel products, including the steel

fabrication shop, maintains detailed fabrication and quality-control
procedures and reviews the completeness and adequacy of those
procedures to perform the Work, as shown on the contract documents.
2 The sampling rate for all steel products shall be as specified in the
appropriate codes and standards.
3 All steel products including High strength bolts and its accessories,
Anchor bolts and Anchor rods, Welding electrodes shall be tested on
receipt at the plant, factory or shop as per the sampling rate specified
in the appropriate ASTM standards and inspected prior to utilizing such
products for fabrication of building components. Testing agency shall
reject the products that do not meet the codes and standards. Submit
certified reports of all tests and inspections clearly indicating the location
where such products will be installed in the building.
B Steel Construction.

1 The testing and inspections for steel elements of buildings and

structures per appropriate codes and standards and per attached Table
1 and as follows:
2 General: While the work is in progress, the inspector shall determine
that the requirements for bolts, nuts, washers and paint; bolted parts and
installation and tightening in such standards are met. For bolts requiring
pre-tensioning, the inspector shall observe the pre-installation testing and
calibration procedures when such procedures are required by the
installation method or by contract documents; determine that all plies of
connected materials have been drawn together and properly snugged and
monitor the installation of bolts to verify that the selected procedure for
installation is properly used to tighten bolts. For joints required to be
tightened only to the snug-tight condition, the special inspector need
only verify that the connected materials have been drawn together and
properly snugged.
3 Steel: Determine chemical composition of steel.
4 Mechanical Properties: Determine mechanical properties, meeting
requirements of ASTM A370, of following materials:
a Steel shapes, plates and bars.
b Anchor bolts and Anchor Rods, in addition to tensile tests perform
hardness tests at top, middle and bottom section.
c High strength threaded fastener.
d Welding electrodes.

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e Shear and anchor studs.

5 Qualifications: Review qualification of following:
a Shop bolting procedures and crews.
b Shop welding procedures and personnel.
c Shop stud welding operators and stud bases.
C Bolted Connections: Shop-bolted connections will be tested and inspected
according to RCSC's "Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or
A 490 Bolts."

1 Visually inspect 100 percent of threaded fastener connections.

2 Monitor installation of threaded fasteners to determine all plies of
connected material have been drawn together and tightening procedure
has been properly followed. Pre-tensioning using calibrated wrench
method or turn-of-nut method without match marking will be performed
on a continuous basis.
3 For connections using direct tension indicators, verify direct tension
indicator gaps meet requirements of ASTM F959.
4 Inspect all threaded fasteners of connections which have previously failed
inspection.
D Welded Connections: In addition to visual inspection, shop-welded connections
will be tested and inspected according to AWS D1.1.

1 Provide continuous testing and inspection during shop fabrication of

structural steel components.
2 Approved written welding procedures shall be available in accordance
with BS 5135, and tested in accordance with BS EN 288 Part 3 by the
Contractor
3 Procedures and tests shall be approved by an independent Inspection
Authority.
4 Welding Procedure sheets shall be made available to the welder prior to
the commencement of the work and shall be available to the Engineer and
Inspection Authority on request.
5 Visual Inspection Tasks Prior to Welding:
a Material identification (Type/Grade)
b Welder identification system
c Fit-up of Groove Welds (including joint geometry)
i Joint preparation
ii Dimensions (alignment, root, opening, root face, bevel)
iii Cleanliness (condition of steel surfaces)
iv Tacking (tack weld quality and location)
v Backing type and fit (if applicable)
d Configuration and finish of access hole
e Fit-up Fillet Welds
i Dimensions (alignment, gaps at root)
ii Cleanliness (condition of steel surfaces)
iii Tacking (tack weld quality and location)
6 Visual Inspection Tasks during Welding:

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a WPS followed
b Use of qualified welders
c Control and handling of welding consumables
i Packaging
ii Exposure control
d Environmental conditions
i Wind speed within limits
ii Precipitation and temperature
e Welding techniques
i Interpass and final cleaning
ii Each pass within profile limitations
iii Each pass meets quality requirements
f No welding over cracked tacks
7 Visual Inspection Tasks after Welding:
a Welds cleaned
b Size length and location of welds
c Welds meet visual acceptance criteria
i Crack prohibition
ii Weld/base-metal fusion
iii Crater cross-section
iv Weld profiles and size
v Undercut
vi Porosity
a Placement of reinforcement fillets
b Backing removed, weld tabs removed and finished, and fillet welds
added (if required)
c Repair Activities
8 Review welding procedure (WPS) for shop and field welding.
9 All complete penetration welds contained in joints and splices shall be
tested 100 percent
a k-Area NDT: Where welding of continuity plates or stiffeners has been
performed in the k-area, the web shall be tested for cracks using
magnetic particle testing (MT). The MT inspection area shall include
the k-area base metal within 75 mm of the weld. The MT shall be
performed no sooner than 48 hours following completion of the
welding.
b Beam Cope and access Hole NDT: At welded splices and
connections, thermally cut surfaces of beam copes and access
holes shall be tested using magnetic particle testing or penetrant
testing, when the flange thickness exceeds 38 mm for rolled shapes,
or when the web thickness exceeds 38 mm for built-up shapes.
c Weld Tab Removal Sites: At the end of welds where weld tabs have
been removed, magnetic particle testing shall be performed on the
same beam- to-column joints receiving UT as required.
10 Partial penetration welds in column splices shall be tested 100 percent.
11 Base metal 38mm thick and thicker when subjected to through-thickness
weld shrinkage strain shall be ultrasonically inspected for discontinuities

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directly behind and 150mm above and 150mm below such 12 welds after
completion of joint.
12 Welds that fail shall be re-welded and retested until they pass.
E The following inspection procedures as applicable to welding location:

1 Liquid Penetrant Inspection: ASTM E 165.

2 Magnetic Particle Inspection: ASTM E 709; performed on root pass
and on finished weld. Cracks or zones of incomplete fusion or
penetration will not be accepted.
3 Ultrasonic Inspection: for complete and partial penetration welds: ASTM
E 164.
4 Radiographic Inspection as indicated on Drawings for complete
penetration welds: ASTM E 94.
F In addition to visual inspection, shop-welded shear connectors will be tested
and inspected according to requirements in AWS D1.1 for stud welding and as
follows:

1 Bend tests will be performed if visual inspections reveal either a

less-than- continuous 360-degree flash or welding repairs to any shear
connector.
2 Tests will be conducted on additional shear connectors if weld fracture
occurs on shear connectors already tested, according to requirements in
AWS D1.1.
G Test and Inspection Log: Prepare a record of tests and inspections. Include
the following:

1 Date test or inspection was conducted.

2 Description of Work tested or inspected.
3 Date test or inspection results were transmitted to Engineer.
4 Identification of testing agency inspector conducting test or inspection.
H Maintain log at Project site. Post changes and revisions as they occur. Provide
access to test and inspection log for Engineer’s reference during normal working
hours.

I Report and Documents.

1 Test and Inspection Reports: Prepare and submit certified written reports
specified in other Sections. Include the following:
a
Date of issue.
b
Project title and number.
c
Name, address and telephone number of testing agency.
d
Dates and locations of samples and tests or inspections.
e
Names of individuals making tests and inspections.
f
Description of the Work and test and inspection method.
g
Identification of product and Specification Section.
h
Complete tests or inspection data.
i
Test and inspection results and an interpretation of test results.
j
Record of temperature and weather conditions at time of sample taking
and testing and inspecting.
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k Comments or professional opinion on whether tested or inspected

Work complies with the Contract Document requirements.
l Name and signature of laboratory inspector.
m Recommendations on retesting and re-inspecting.
n Submitting a final report of tests and inspection at Substantial
Completion, which includes a list of unresolved deficiencies. The
final report shall be signed by a registered Professional Engineer who
has certification or education and experience for the type of tests
required by these specifications, and contract documents.

PART 3. EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION

A Verify elevations of concrete- and masonry-bearing surfaces and locations of

anchor rods, bearing plates, and other embedment’s, with steel erector present,
for compliance with requirements.

B Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 PREPARATION

A Provide temporary shores, guys, braces, and other supports during erection to
keep structural steel secure, plumb, and in alignment against temporary
construction loads and loads equal in intensity to design loads. Remove
temporary supports when permanent structural steel, connections, and
bracing are in place, unless otherwise indicated.

1 Do not remove temporary shoring supporting composite deck

construction until cast-in-place concrete has attained its design
compressive strength.
3.3 ERECTION

A Erection method statement:

1 The Contractor shall prepare a written method statement, taking into

account the requirement of the design, erection procedure and
programme, respectively
2 The Contractor shall submit the method statement to the Engineer for
acceptance at least two weeks before erection commences.
3 Erection shall not commence before the method statement has been
accepted by the Engineer
B Meaning of acceptance: Acceptance by the Engineer of the Erection
Statement does not reduce the contractors responsibility for the safety of the
erection process

C Provision of Setting-Out Lines by the Employer: The Contractor shall provide

and maintain until the steelwork is accepted, setting-outlines and datum levels
within, or immediately adjacent to, the Works.

D Set structural steel accurately in locations and to elevations indicated and

according to AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges"

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and "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings--Allowable Stress Design and

Plastic Design."

E Base and Bearing Plates: Clean concrete- and masonry-bearing surfaces of

bond- reducing materials, and roughen surfaces prior to setting base and
bearing plates. Clean bottom surface of base and bearing plates.

1 Set base and bearing plates for structural members on wedges, shims, or
setting nuts as required to allow the structure to be properly lined and
levelled and of sufficient size to avoid local crushing of the concrete.
2 Base packings shall be placed so that they do not prevent subsequent
grouting to completely fill all spaces directly under the base plates.
3 Base packs may be left permanently in place.
4 Weld plate washers to top of base plate.
5 Pretension anchor rods after supported members have been positioned
and plumbed. Do not remove wedges or shims but, if protruding, cut
off flush with edge of base or bearing plate before packing with grout.
6 Grouting shall not be carried out under column base plates until a
sufficient portion of the structure has been aligned, levelled, plumbed and
adequately braced
7 Pack grout solidly between bearing surfaces and base or bearing plates
so no voids remain. Neatly finish exposed surfaces; protect grout and
allow to cure. Comply with manufacturer's written installation instructions
for shrinkage- resistant grouts.
F Maintain erection tolerances of structural steel within AISC's "Code of Standard
Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges." Tolerances for erection of AESS are
one- half those listed by AISC for structural steel.

G Align and adjust various members forming part of complete frame or structure
before permanently fastening. Before assembly, clean bearing surfaces and
other surfaces that will be in permanent contact with members. Perform
necessary adjustments to compensate for discrepancies in elevations and
alignment.

1 Level and plumb individual members of structure.

2 Make allowances for difference between temperature at time of
erection and mean temperature when structure is completed and in
service.
H Splice members only where indicated.

I Remove erection bolts on welded, architecturally exposed structural steel; fill

holes with plug welds; and grind smooth at exposed surfaces.

J Do not use thermal cutting during erection unless accepted by the Engineer.

K Do not enlarge unfair holes in members by burning or using drift pins. Ream
holes that must be enlarged to admit bolts.

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L Stability

1 Temporary Restraints until Permanent Features are Built

a The Engineer shall advise the Contractor of positions on the structure
where temporary bracing or restraints are necessary until walls, floors
or other non-steel structures are built. He shall also provide details of
the forces and moments in these elements
b The Contractor shall design and provide the temporary bracing or
restraints.
2 Other Temporary Restraints used by the Contractor
a If the Contractor uses temporary restraints during erection which do
not substitute for permanent features, they may be removed after the
structure has been lined, levelled and plumbed provided that sufficient
steelwork and or permanent bracing has been erected to ensure the
stability of the structure under the worst expected conditions of dead,
imposed and wind loading
M Erection loads

1 The Contractor shall ensure that no part of the structure is permanently

distorted by stacking of materials or temporary erection loads during the
erection process
N Lining and Levelling

1 Alignment of Part of the Structure: Each part of the structure shall be

aligned as soon as practicable after it has been erected. Permanent
connections shall not be made between members until sufficient of the
structure has been aligned, levelled, plumbed and temporarily connected
to ensure that members will not be displaced during subsequent erection
or alignment of the remainder of the structure
2 Temperature Effects: Due account shall be taken of the effects of
temperature on the structure and on tapes and instruments when
measurements are made for setting out, during erection, and for
subsequent dimensional checks. The reference temperature shall be
30°C.
3.4 FIELD CONNECTIONS

A High-Strength Bolts: Shop install high-strength bolts according to RCSC's

"Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts" for type
of bolt and type of joint specified.

1 Joint Type: Pre-tensioned or Slip critical, as indicated on Drawings.

B Fit-up using ordinary bolts

1 Fit-up: Connected parts shall be firmly drawn together. If there is a

remaining gap which may affect the integrity of the joint, it shall be taken
apart and a pack inserted.
2 Reaming: Where parts cannot be brought together by drifting without
distorting the steelwork, rectification may be made by reaming, provided
the design of the connection will allow the use of larger diameter holes
and bolts
C Fit-up using high strength friction grip assemblies

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1 Bolt/Nut/Washer Combinations: Bolt/nut/washer combinations shall

comply with BS 4395 Parts 1 or 2, as appropriate
2 Tightening:
a The use of friction grip bolts shall comply with BS 4604. Part 1 or 2.
b Tightening which complies with BS 4604 Part 1, may be by the torque
control method, part-turn method or with load indicating devices used
in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
c Calibration of Torque Equipment: Torque spanners and other devices
shall have a calibration check at least once per shift, and shall be re-
calibrated where necessary in accordance with BS 4604.
d Discarded Bolt Assemblies: If, after complete tightening, a bolt or nut
has to be slackened off, the whole bolt assembly is to be disposed of
D Fit-up using HSFG bolts

1 Fit-up: Connected parts shall be firmly drawn together with all bolts
partially tightened. The joint shall then be examined and if there is any
remaining gap which may affect the integrity of the joint, it shall be taken
apart and a pack inserted before recommencing the tightening procedure
2 Reaming
a Where parts cannot be brought together by drifting without distorting
the steelwork, rectification can be made by reaming, provided that the
design of the connection will allow the use of larger diameter bolts.
b Calculations shall be made to demonstrate that the connection
remains adequate for the forces in the connection.
E Weld Connections: Comply with AWS D1.1 for welding procedure
specifications, tolerances, appearance, and quality of welds and for methods
used in correcting welding work. Comply with AISC Specification for Steel
Buildings for welded splices and edge treatment of beam copes and weld access
holes for heavy sections and thick plates.

1 Comply with AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and
Bridges" and "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings–Allowable
Stress Design and Plastic Design" for bearing, adequacy of temporary
connections, alignment, and removal of paint on surfaces adjacent to field
welds.
2 Remove backing bars or runoff tabs, back gouge, and grind steel smooth.
3 Assemble and weld built-up sections by methods that will maintain true
alignment of axes without exceeding tolerances of AISC's "Code of
Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges" for mill material.
4 Verify that weld sizes, fabrication sequence, and equipment used for
architecturally exposed structural steel will limit distortions to allowable
tolerances. Prevent weld show-through on exposed steel surfaces when
indicated on Drawings.
a Grind butt welds flush.
b Grind or fill exposed fillet welds to smooth profile. Dress exposed welds.
3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A Testing and Inspection Agency: Contractor shall engage a qualified

independent testing and inspecting agency meeting the requirements of Codes
and Standards to perform tests and inspection of works at site and Completed
works. The testing and inspection shall include to inspect field welds, inspect

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AESS tolerances and welds, and high-strength bolted connections and as

specified below.

B Qualifications: Review following qualifications:

1 Threaded Fastener Tightening Procedures: Verify threaded fastener

tightening procedures meet requirements of RCSC Bolt Specification.
Verify ability of field threaded fastening crews to install threaded fasteners
meeting requirements for selected method of tightening.
2 Welding Procedures: Verify qualifications and test records of welding
procedures and personnel meet requirements of Contract Documents.
C Submittals: Review following submittals:

1 Materials for Structural Steel Work:

a High strength threaded fastener assemblies.
b Welding electrodes.
c Shear and anchor studs.
2 Welding: Certificates of qualification and test records for welding
procedures and personnel.
D Work Evaluations: Perform following evaluations:

1 Qualifications: Review qualification of following:

a Field bolting procedures and crews.
b Field welding procedures and personnel.
c Field stud welding operators and stud bases.
E Testing agency shall review the welding procedures and welder qualifications.

F Bolted Connections: Field-bolted connections will be tested and inspected

according to RCSC's "Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A
490 Bolts."

1 Visually inspect 100 percent of threaded fastener connections.

2 Monitor installation of threaded fasteners to determine all plies of
connected material have been drawn together and that selected
tightening procedure has been properly followed.
3 Inspect all threaded fasteners of connections which have previously failed
inspection.
4 For connections using direct tension indicators, verify direct tension
indicator gaps meet requirements of ASTM F959.
G Welded Connections: In addition to visual inspection, field-welded connections
will be tested and inspected according to AWS D1.

1 All complete penetration welds contained in joints and splices shall be

tested 100 percent.
2 Partial penetration welds in column splices shall be tested 100 percent.
3 Base metal 38mm thick and thicker when subjected to through-thickness
weld shrinkage strain shall be ultrasonically inspected for discontinuities
directly behind and 150mm above and 150mm below such welds after
completion of joint.
4 Welds that fail shall be rewelded and retested until the pass.
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H The following inspection procedures as applicable to welding location:

1 Liquid Penetrant Inspection: ASTM E 165.

2 Magnetic Particle Inspection: ASTM E 709; performed on root pass
and on finished weld. Cracks or zones of incomplete fusion or
penetration will not be accepted.
3 Ultrasonic Inspection for complete and partial penetration welds: ASTM E
164.
4 Radiographic Inspection for complete and partial penetration welds: ASTM
E 94.
5 Stud Welding: Inspect shear and anchor stud welding meeting
requirements of AWS D1.1 and as follows:
a Visually inspect studs for complete fusion and full 360 degree weld
flash or fillet. Studs which reveal complete fusion and full weld
flash shall be considered acceptable. If visual inspection reveals any
stud that does not show complete fusion of weld flash or any stud
repaired by welding, check stud by bending or an angle of 15
degrees from its original axis in a direction opposite missing weld
fillet. Studs that crack in weld, base metal or shank shall be replaced.
Studs that show no sign of failure shall be considered acceptable.
b In addition to visual inspection of stud welds, select at random, 12
members per floor on which 10 studs shall be bent to an angle of
15 degrees from original axis toward mid-span of member. If any stud
fails, check all studs on member. Any stud that shows any sign of
failure shall be replaced. For each member with any defective studs,
test an additional member.
c Any bent stud shall be left bent if no portion of stud is less than one
inch from a proposed concrete surface, in which case, stud shall
be straightened. Required bending and straightening shall be
accomplished by mechanical means without heating.
6 Framework: Inspect erected structural framework for compliance with
requirements specified, including:
a Check location and set of anchor bolts and other inserts.
b Prior to attaching steel, check adjustment to fit inaccuracies.
c Check erected structural framework for alignment, plumbness, camber
and like characteristics.
I The Testing Inspection agency shall prepare certified reports of Field Quality
Control inspections and Tests as specified in paragraph 2.10.K “Reports and
Documents” Such reports shall be submitted to the Engineer in a timely fashion.

J Engineer will observe AESS in place to determine acceptability relating to

aesthetic effect.

K Correct deficiencies in Work that test reports and inspections indicate does not
comply with the Contract Documents.

3.6 REPAIRS AND PROTECTION

A Repair damaged galvanized coatings on galvanized items with galvanized repair

paint according to ASTM A 780 and manufacturer's written instructions.

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B Touchup Painting: After installation, promptly clean, prepare, and prime or

reprime field connections, rust spots, and abraded surfaces of prime-painted
joists and accessories, bearing plates, and abutting structural steel.

1 Clean and prepare surfaces by SSPC-SP 2 hand-tool cleaning or SSPC-

SP 3 power-tool cleaning.
2 Apply a compatible primer of same type as shop primer used on
adjacent surfaces.
C Touchup Painting: Cleaning and touchup painting are specified in Division 9
painting Sections.

Table 1: The following table shows the frequency of Verification and Inspection:

The frequency of the Verification and inspection is indicated by check (X) mark.

REFERENCED
VERIFICATION AND INSPECTION CONTINUOUS PERIODIC
STANDARD
1. Material verification of high-strength bolts,
nuts and washers:
a. Identification markings to conform to
Applicable ASTM material
ASTM standards specified in the approved X _
specifications; AISC 360, Section A3.3
construction documents.
b. Manufacturer's certificate of
X _ —
compliance required.
2. Inspection of high-strength bolting:
a. Bearing-type connections. — X
AISC 360, Section M2.5
b. Slip-critical connections. X
3. Material verification of structural steel:
a. Identification markings to conform to
ASTM standards specified in the approved X — ASTM A6M or ASTM A 568M
construction documents.
b. Manufacturer's certified mill test
X — ASTM A6M or ASTM A 568M
reports.
4. Material verification of weld filler
materials:
a. Identification markings to conform to
AWS specification in the approved X — AISC 360, Section A3.5
construction documents.
b. Manufacturer's certificate of
X — —
compliance required.
5. Inspection of welding:
— —
a. Structural steel:
1) Complete and partial penetration groove
X —
welds.
2) Multipass fillet welds. X —
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3) Single-pass fillet welds > 5/16" X — AWS D1.1

4) Single-pass fillet welds ≤ 5/16" — X

5) Floor and roof deck welds. — X AWS D1.3
b. Reinforcing steel: — — AWS D1.4
1) Verification of weldability of reinforcing ACI 318: 3.5.2
steel other than ASTM A 706. X --

2) Reinforcing steel-resisting flexural and

axial forces in intermediate and special
moment frames and boundary elements of
special reinforced concrete shear walls and X —
shear reinforcement.

3) Shear reinforcement. X —
4) Other reinforcing steel. — X
6. Inspection of steel frame joint details for X
compliance with approved construction —
documents: —
a. Details such as bracing and
—
stiffening.
b. Member locations.
c. Application of joint details at each
connection.

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END OF SECTION

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