MEC 4105 Test marking guide.

Date: 24th - April - 2012

Question 1

a) Definitions

(i) Air conditioning refers to any form of cooling, heating, ventilation or disinfection that modifies
the condition of air, typically for thermal comfort.
(ii) Refrigeration is defined as the process of achieving and maintaining a temperature below that of
the surroundings, the aim being to cool some product or space to the required temperature
(iii) Cooling effect is the quantity of energy removed from the cold chamber
(iv) Cooling capacity is the rate at which energy is removed from the cold chamber
(v) Coefficient of performance (COP) is the measure of the effectiveness of the refrigerator

b) Role of a mechanical engineer on an AC design project

• Organizing a design team

• Determining the design criteria and indoor environmental parameters

• Calculation of cooling and heating loads

• Selection of systems, subsystems, and their components

• Preparation of schematic layouts; sizing of piping and ductwork

c)

Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP): This refers to the relative index indicating the extent to which a
chemical product may cause ozone depletion compared with the depletion caused by R11.

Global Warming Potential (GWP): This refers to the index comparing the climate impact of an emission
of a greenhouse gas relative to that of emitting the same amount of carbon dioxide. GWP is determined
as the ratio of the time integrated radiative forcing arising from a pulse emission of 1 kg of a substance
relative to that of 1 kg of carbon dioxide, over a fixed time horizon.

Question 2

1 2
Window AC Room
Let condition at 300C and 80% RH be condition 1
Let condition at 140C be condition 2
Condition 1
3
Given v 1 =10 m /min
h1 =85 . 4 kJ/kg
ω1 =0 . 0217 kgw /kgda
Condition 2
h2 =39 .5 kJ /kg
ω2 =0 . 010 kgw /kgda
The enthalpy of saturated liquid water at 14°C is 58.768 kJ/kg. Thus
hw =58 . 768 kJ /kg

Rate of moisture removal

From air and water balance

ma1 =ma 2 =ma and ma ω 1=ma ω2 +mw

Thus

( 101 .325−0 . 8∗4 . 2469 )∗10

mw =m a ( ω1 −ω 2 )= ( 0. 0217−0 . 010 )=0 . 1318 kg /min
0 . 287∗303

Rate of heat removal

From the energy balance

ma h1 =Q+ma h2 +mw hw

Thus
 Q=ma ( h1 −h2 )−mw hw =11. 261 ( 85. 5−39. 5 )−0. 1318∗58. 768=510. 26 kJ /min

Question 3

2
T

1
4

Condition 4
Given the quality of refrigerant as 30% and pressure of 120 kPa, then from
h4 =hf , 120kPa +xh fg, 120 kPa
where x=0.3,
h4 =22. 49+ 0. 3∗214 . 48=86 .834 kJ /kg
Condition 3
h4 =h3 =86 . 834 kJ /kg
To get the pressure P3, we can interpolate for corresponding pressure for
h f =86 . 834 kJ /kg
Thus

P3 =650+ ( 8688..834−85. 26
82−85 .26 )
( 700−650 ) =672. 1 kPa
Condition 2
h
To get 2 , we interpolate corresponding h for pressure of 672.1 kPa (0.672 MPa) at 60 0C. 0.672
MPa lies between 0.6 MPa and 0.7 MPa.
Thus

h2 =299 . 98+ ( 00. 672−0 .6

.7−0 . 6 )
( 298. 42−299 . 98 )=298 . 8568 kJ /kg
Condition 1
h1 =236 . 97 kJ /kg

Mass flow rate of refrigerant

 ¿

From
W c =m ( h2 −h1 )

¿ Wc 0 . 45
m= = =0 . 0027 kg / s
( h2 −h 1 ) 298 . 8568−236 . 97

Condenser pressure

Pcondenser =P3=672. 1 kPa

COP of the refrigerator

h1−h4 236 . 97−86. 834

COPref = = =2. 43
h2 −h1 298 .8568−236 . 97