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tyf
l;h{gfTds snf
sIff – #
g]kfn ;/sf/
lzÔf dGqfno
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|
k|sfzs M g]kfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfno
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|sf] lnlvt :jLs[tljgf o;sf] k"/} jf cf+lzs efu x'ax' k|sfzg
ug{, kl/jt{g u/]/ k|sfzg ug{, s'g} ljB'tLo ;fwg jf cGo k|ljlwaf6 /]s8{ ug{ /
k|ltlnlk lgsfNg kfOg] 5}g . kf7\ok':ts ;DaGwdf ;'emfj ePdf kf7\oj|md ljsf;
s]Gb|, ;Dkfbg tyf k|sfzg zfvfdf k7fOlbg'xg' cg'/f]w 5 .
‘ljBfno kf7\ok':ts tyf kf7\o;fdu|L 5kfO tyf ljt/0f lgb]l{ zsf @)^&’ cg';f/
of] kf7\ok':ts k"jf{~rn / klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qsf #@ lhNnfdf dfq z}lIfs ;q
@)^* sf nflu lghL If]qsf d'bs | tyf ljt/saf6 laj|mL ljt/0f ug{ :jLs[t
kf7\ok':ts xf] .
– kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|, ;fgf]l7dL,eStk'/
d"No ? M
d'b0| fM
tkfO{n+ ] lsg]sf] k':tsdf 5kfOk|ljlw;DaGwL s'g} q'l6 km]nf k/]df pSt k':ts ljt/s
cyjf :yfgLo laqm]tfaf6 ;f6\g ;Sg'xg' 5 ] .
– d'bs| tyf ljt/s
xfd|f] egfO
ljBfno txsf] lzIffnfO{ p2]Zod"ns, Jofjxfl/s, ;d;fdlos / /f]huf/d"ns agfpg ljleGg ;dodf
kf7\oj|md, kf7\ok':ts ljsf; tyf kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO“b} cfOPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{df
/fi6«, /fli6«o Pstf Pjd\ nf]stflGqs ;+:sf/sf] efjgf k}bf u/fO{ g}ltstf, cg'zf;g / :jfjnDagh:tf
;fdflhs Pjd\ rfl/lqs u'0fsf ;fy} cfwf/e"t eflifs tyf ul0ftLo ;Lksf] ljsf; u/L lj1fg, ;"rgf
k|ljlw, jftfj/0f / :jf:Yo;DaGwL cfwf/e"t 1fg / hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lksf dfWodn] snf;f}Gbo{kl| t
cle?lr hufpg', l;h{gzLn ;Lksf] ljsf; u/fpg' / ljleGg hfthflt, lnª\u, wd{, efiff, ;+:s[ltk|lt
;defj hufO{ ;fdflhs d"NodfGotfk|ltsf] ;xof]ufTds / lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ cfr/0f ljsf; u/fpg' cfhsf]
cfjZostf ag]sf] 5 . oxL cfjZostf k"lt{sf nflu lzIff;DaGwL ljleGg cfof]usf ;'emfj, lzIfs tyf
cleefjsnufot lzIff;“u ;Da¢ ljleGg JolSt ;lDdlnt uf]i7L / cGtlj|mo{ fsf lgisif{af6 kl/dfh{g
ul/Psf] k|fylds lzIff kf7\oj|md @)^@ cg';f/ o; kf7\ok':tssf] ljsf; Pjd\ kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{ ePsf]
5 . ljleGg ljBfnodf k/LIf0f u/L k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt ;'emfj;d]t o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf ljifosf] o; kf7\ok':tsdf ;fdflhs, b[Zosnf tyf ;ª\uLt;“u
;Da4 ljifoj:t'nfO{ k[ys\ ¿kdf ;+of]hg u/L ;fdflhs cWoognfO{ låk[i7fTds k4ltdf k|:t't ul/Psf]
5 . o;nfO{ lj|mofsnfkd'vL / ljBfyL{sG] b|L agfpg /ª\uLg lrq /fVg], l;h{gfTdstf a9fpg] vfnsf
cEof; ;fdu|L ;d]6g\ ] tyf cfjZostfg';f/ lzIf0f lgb]z { g ;dfj]z ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 . lj=;+= @)%!
df df]xguf]kfn Gof5\of]n“ ] n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg ug'{ ePsf] æd]/f] ;]/f]km]/f]Æ kf7\ok':tsnfO{ ;fdflhs
cWoogtkm{ l8saxfb'/ /fO{, lbgfgfy uf}td, cfgGb kf}8n] , l8NnLk|;fb zdf{ / dx]Gb| lji6åf/f n]vg,
;Dkfbg tyf kl/dfh{g ePsf] xf] . To:t} l;h{gfTds snftkm{ 6fh{g /fO{, k'0ozLn uf}td, gjLGb|
/fhe08f/L, k|bLk nfdf, wgaxfb'/ uf]kfnL / xgL >]i7åf/f n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg u/fO{ o; ¿kdf tof/
ul/Psf] xf] . o; k':ts kl/dfh{g ug]{ j|mddf xl/af]n vgfn, sdnf kf]v/]n, zDe'k;| fb bfxfnaf6 ljz]if
;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] 5 . o;sf] efiff;Dkfbg lji0f'k;| fb clwsf/L, u0f]zk|;fb e6\6/fO{ / nf]sk|sfz
kl08tn], lrqfª\sg cfj/0f tyf n]cfp6 l8hfOg 6fh{g /fO{ tyf 6fOk ;]l6ª ;'df >]i7n] ug'{ePsf]
xf] . pxf“x¿nufot o;sf] ljsf;df ;+nUg ljifo;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf cGo ;a}nfO{ kf7\oj|md
ljsf; s]Gb| wGojfb k|s6 ub{5 .
kf7\ok':tsnfO{ lzIf0fl;sfOsf] dxŒjk"0f{ ;fwgsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . cg'ejL lzIfs / lh1f;' ljBfyL{n]
kf7\oj|mdåf/f nlIft l;sfOpknlAwnfO{ ljljw ;|ft] / ;fwgsf] k|of]u u/L cWoog cWofkg ug{ ;S5g\ . o;
kf7\ok':tsnfO{ ;s];Dd lj|mofsnfkd'vL / ?lrs/ agfpg] k|oTg ul/Psf] 5 tyflk o;df cem} efiffz}nL,
ljifoj:t' tyf k|:t'lt / lrqfª\sgsf b[li6n] sdLsdhf]/L /x]sf x'g ;S5g\ . ltgsf] ;'wf/sf nflu
lzIfs, ljBfyL,{ cleefjs, a'l¢hLjL Pjd\ ;Dk"0f{ kf7sx¿sf] ;d]t dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg] x'b“ f ;Da4
;a}sf] /rgfTds ;'emfjsf nflu kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb| xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfno
kf7\oj|md ljsf; s]Gb|
ljifo;"rL
kf7 zLif{s k[i7;ª\Vof
;fdflhs cWoog
lj|mofsnfk
ltdL klg 3/df a'afcfdfnfO{ s'gs'g sfddf ;3fp“5f} < pd]zn] h:t}
tflnsfdf n]v]/ b]vfpm .
#= tn lbOPsf s'gs'g sfd ltdLn] ug]{ sfd;“u ldN5 < ldNg]df (√) /
gldNg]df (×) lr≈g nufpm M
lzIf0f lgb]{zg M
ljleGg 3/fo;L ;fdfgx¿sf] gfd j|mdzM eGb} hfg'xf];\ / tkfO{“n] eg]sf tL ;fdfg s'gs'g
sfddf k|of]udf cfp“5g\ < To:tf ;fdfgx¿ sxf“ /fVg'k5{ < cflb af/]df ;f]Wg'xf];\ /
afnaflnsfnfO{ hjfkm lbg nufpg'xf];\ . 3/sf ;fdfgx¿ 7Ls7Ls 7fp“df /fVg'k5{ egL
pgLx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt klg ug'{xf];\ .
6 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
zAbfy{
lksf{ M sf7af6 ag]sf] af6'nf] jf rf/kf6] cf;g
u'Gb|L M k/fn jf kf6af6 ag]sf] cf]5\ofpg] ;fdfg
dfGb|f] M rf]ofaf6 ag]sf] la:s'g ;'sfpg] j:t'
v'kf{ M x“l;ofeGbf 7"nf] x“l;ofh:t} xltof/
lj|mofsnfk
ltdL klg cfgf] l5d]sLnfO{ s;/L ;xof]u u5f}{ < ltd|f] ;fyLn] h:t} ;"rL
agfpm M
!= ================================ @= ================================
#= ================================ $= ================================
%= ================================ ^= ================================
#= 7Ls s'/f dfq cfgf] sfkLdf ;f/]/ n]v M
-s_ xfdLn] l5d]sLnfO{ cfkm"n] ;s]sf] ;xof]u ug'{k5{ .
-v_ ;s];Dd l5d]sLx¿;“u emu8f ug'{k5{ .
-u_ l5d]sL c;n geP klg xfdL c;n x'g'kb{5 .
-3_ ;fgf];fgf] ;xof]un] klg 7"nf] sfd u5{ .
bf]rf lwdfn
xf/L
z]kf{
af]gf /fO{
lzIf0f lgb]{zg M
afnaflnsfsf] ufp“6f]n, l5d]sdf c;n dflg;x¿ klxrfg ug{ nufO{ ;Ddfg ug{ l;sfpg'k5{ .
ufp“gu/sf To:tf dflg;x¿sf sfdaf6 k|]l/t eP/ /fd|f] sfd ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{k5{ .
16 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
lj|mofsnfk
!= ltd|f] ;d'bfodf sf]xL cf“vf gb]Vg] dflg; 5g\ eg] pgnfO{ s]s] sfd ug{
;lhnf] / s]s] sfd ug{ sl7g x'G5 < ;f]w/] n]v .
;lhnf] sfd sl7g sfd
/]l8of] ;'Gg lx“88'n ug{
@= ltd|f] ;d'bfodf cf“vf gb]Vg] dflg; 5}gg\ eg] c¿ s'g} k|sf/sf ckfª\ux¿
x'g ;S5g\ . To:tf dflg;nfO{ ltdL s;/L ;xof]u u5f}{ <
#= ltdL v'nf 7fp“df hfpm / cf“vfdf k6\6L af“w/] lzIfssf] lgb]z { gcg';f/
s'g} v]n v]n . To;/L v]Nbf s]s] ;d:of x'b“ f] /x]5 sfkLdf n]v / sIffdf
;'gfpm .
$= dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls gePsf] dflg; e]l6of] eg] s] ug'k{ 5{ <
h:t} M -s_ cfkmGtnfO{ lhDdf nufOlbg]
-v_ =================
-u_ =================
%= ;':t dgl:ylt ePsfnfO{ s:tf] ;xof]u ug'k{ 5{ <
^= tnsf ;fdu|Lx¿ s:tf JolStnfO{ cfjZos k5{ < n]v .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
ljBfyL{x¿n] cfgf] 6f]n, l5d]s, af6f]3f6f]df ckfª\u / c;xfonfO{ s:tf] Jojxf/ u5{g\
cjnf]sg ug'x{ f];\ . pgLx¿n] /fd|f] Jojxf/ u/]sf] b]vd] f :ofaf;L lbg'xf];\ / g/fd|f] Jojxf/ u/]
;Demfpg] / plrt k[i7kf]if0f lbg'xf];\ .
20 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
zAbfy{
c;xfo M cfgf] sfd cfkm}“ ug{ g;Sg] / To:tf sfd ug{ c¿sf] ;xf/f
cfjZos kg]{ dflg;
lj|mofsnfk
!= kf7df lbOPsf] uLt lzIfs ;“u;“u} no xfn]/ ufpm .
@= xfdLn] s;s;nfO{ dbt ug'k{ 5{ <
#= ckfª\u x'gaf6 aRg] pkfox¿ tn lbOPsf] 5, To;nfO{ 7"nf7"nf cIf/df
n]v / sIffdf k|bz{g u/ M
• ;8sdf k]6Laf6 dfq lx“8f}“ .
• h]af| j|m; / cfsf;]kn' af6 dfq af6f] sf6f}“ .
• xtf/ u/L bf}8/] lx“8g\ ] afgL cfh}bl] v 5f8f}“ .
• le/klx/f]sf] glhs ghfcf},“ gv]nf}“ .
• hyfefjL ¿v gr9f}“ .
• hyfefjL cfuf] grnfcf}“ .
• la/fdL x'b“ f :jf:Yo rf}sL jf c:ktfndf h“rfcf}“ .
• ;f“3/' f] af6f]df la:tf/} leQflt/af6 lx8f“} .
• gbL, kf]v/L jl/kl/ gv]nf}“ .
$= tnsf jfSox¿ k9 / ug{ x'g,] ug{ gx'g] sfdx¿ tflnsfdf 5'66\ f5'66\ }
n]v M
• la/fdLnfO{ kfgL lbg]
• xh'/a'afnfO{ zf}rfno nlulbg]
• 6'x/' f s]6fs]6LnfO{ luHofpg]
• ckfª\unfO{ dfof ug]{
• gaf]Ng] dflg;nfO{ luHofpg] .
ug{ x'g] sfd ug{ gx'g] sfd
!= !
@= @=
#= #=
xfdL ckfª\u / c;xfox¿nfO{ ;xof]u u5f“{} .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 21
kf7 – # 5'jf5'tsf] cGTo u/f}“
xl//fdsf ufp“df w]/} hftsf dflg;
a;f]af; u5{g\ . Toxf“ If]qL, afx'g,
kl/of/, nf]xf/, yf¿, d';x/, ofbj,
sfo:y cflb 5g\ . Toxf“ Ps hftsf
dflg;n] csf]{ hftsf dflg;n]
5f]Psf] vfg'x'“b}g eGg] rng
/x]sf] 5 .
Ps lbg ufp“df 7"nf] af9L cfof] .
af9Ln] k"/} ufp“ aufof] . ufp“df
5f]6n] fn d';x/sf] 3/ dfq af“sL /x]sf] lyof] .
df]tLk|;fbsf] 3/ v]t klg aufof] . pgL hftn] afx'g x'g\ . ufp“df
5f]6n] fn afx]s s;}sf] 3/ klg lyPg . To;}n] pgn] a:g] 7fp“ /
vfg]s/' f klg kfPgg\ . pgnfO{ ;fx|} ef]s / ltvf{ nfUof] . ef]s / ltvf{
vKg g;s]kl5 pgL 5f]6n] fnsf] 3/df uP . To; lbg 5f]6n] fnn]
agfPsf] vfg]s/' f dL7f] dfg]/ vfP . 5f]6n] fnsf] ;xof]uL, ldng;f/
afgL b]v/] pgL lgs} v';L eP . To;kl5 pgL eGg yfn], ædflg;
dflg;aLr 5'jf5't ug{ gx'g] /x]5 .
;a} dflg; Pp6} /x]5g\ .Æ
dgdfofsf] 6f]ndf klg w]/} hftsf
dflg; a:5g\ . pgLx¿sf]
rfnrng klg km/skm/s 5 t/
Toxf“ hfltut ¿kdf e]befj ug]{
rng 5}g . 6f]ndf s;}sf] 3/df
22 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
ljjfx, kf:gL, j|taGw, k"hfcfhf eof] eg] 6f]nsf ;a}hftsf
dflg;nfO{ lgDtf] lbg] rng 5 . lgDtf] dfGg ;a}hgf cfp“5g\ .
;“u} a:5g\, ;“u} vfG5g\ / ;“u} /dfOnf] u5{g\ . slxn]sfxL“ s;}nfO{
cfktljkt k¥of] eg] klg Toxf“ ufx|f] x'b“ g} . 6f]ndf dlGb/ 5 .
dlGb/df klg ;“u} k"hf u5{g\ . k"hf/Ln] blntnfO{ klg 6Lsf nufO
lbG5g\ . 6f]ndf ePsf] ;fj{hlgs wf/fdf klg ;a}n] Ps}7fp“
nfOgdf a;]/ kfgL yfK5g\ . dgdfofsf] 6f]nnfO{ ;a}n] gd'gf
6f]nsf] ¿kdf x]5g{ \ . cGo ufp“ / 6f]nsf dflg;n] klg dgdfofsf]
6f]naf6 w]/} s'/f l;ls;s]sf 5g\ . To;}n] cfhef]ln w]/} ufp“6f]ndf
5'jf5'tsf] k/Dk/f x/fp“b} uPsf] 5 .
lj|mofsnfk
!= cufl8sf] lrqdf Pshgf dflg;n] lsg 5'66\ } a;]/ vfg vfPsf] xf]nf <
s] o:tf] ug'{ /fd|f] xf] <
@= s;}n] ltdLn] 5f]Psf] vfGg, dnfO{ g5f]pm, d]/f] 3/df klg gk; eg]df
ltdLnfO{ s:tf] nfU5 <
#= ltdL a;]sf] 7fp“df Pp6fn] 5f]Psf] csf{n] gvfg] rng 5, 5}g <
$= tn lbOPsf egfOx¿ Kn]sf8{df ;f/ .
æ5'jf5't aGb u/f}Æ“
æ;a} dflg; Ps} xf}Æ“
æxfdL ;a}sf] /ut /ftf] 5Æ
æ5'jf5't ug'{ ;fdflhs ck/fw xf]Æ
æ5'jf5'tsf] Jojxf/ ug]n{ fO{ ;fdflhs alx:sf/ u/f}Æ“
%= Kn]sf8{df n]lvPsf gf/f nufp“b} ;a} ldn]/ 6f]nsf] kl/j|mdf u/ .
lj|mofsnfk
bLkf sIff tLgdf k9\l5g\ . pgsf] 3/af6 ljBfno k'Ug cfwf 306f
nfU5 . Ps lbg bLkf ljBfno uO/x]sL lyOg\ . af6f] ;f“3/' f] lyof] .
pgL af6f]df nl8g\ . Tolt j]nf c¿ dflg;x¿ klg pgsf] kl5kl5
cfO/x]sf /x]5g\ . pgLx¿n] bLkfnfO{ p7fP . s]xL ;do lx“8k] l5
bf]af6f] cfof] . bLkfsf] ljBfno hfg] af6f] / tL dflg;x¿ hfg] af6f]
km/s lyof] . bLkfn] elgg\, æd ;fgL 5' . dnfO{ ljBfno;Dd
k'¥ofOlbg'xf];\ g .Æ æx'G5 lg gfgL, xfdL ltdLnfO{ ljBfno;Dd
k' ¥ ofOlbp“ n f .Æ
To;kl5 pgLx¿n]
bLkfnfO{ ljBfno;Dd
k'¥ofOlbP . pgsf]
gd| t f / lzi6
af] n LrfnLn] ubf{
glrg] s f dflg;n]
;d]t bLkfnfO{ ;xof]u
u/] . bLkfn]
ltgLx¿nfO{ wGojfb
lbOg\ .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfgf] 3/kl/jf/, ;fyL;ª\ult, ljBfno / cGo h'g;'s} 7fp“df cfjZos
;xof]u lng] / lbg] afgLsf] ljsf; u/fpg'k5{ . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ckl/lrt dflg;;“u klg
;xof]u lng / lbg] tl/sf l;sfpg'xf];\ .
26 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
lj|mofsnfk
xl/of] aQL vt/f af6f] sf6\ g ] /ftf] aQL a; la;f}gL lx“8\g gx'g]
af6f] sf6\g] 7fp“ /f]lsg] 7fp“
@= æhyfefjL lb;flk;fa gu/f}Æ“ , ækfgL pdfn]/ dfq lkcf}Æ“ , æ;fj{hlgs
;DklQsf] ;+/If0f u/f}Æ“ , ædf6f] hf]ufpg j[If/f]k0f u/f}“ Æ h:tf gf/fx¿
/fvL kDKn]6sf] gd'gf agfpm / sIffdf k|:t't u/ . h:t} M
kfgL pdfn]/ dfq lkcf}“ .
#= ltd|f] ufp“df k“w/] f], d]nfkj{df hf“bf s]s:tf lgodx¿ kfngf ug'k{ 5{ <
tnsf] h:t} u/L n]v M
-s_ k“w/] f] – kfnf] kv{g]
-v_ dlGb/ – ====================
-u_ d]nfkj{ – ====================
$= ljBfnodf ljBfyL{x¿n] kfngf ug'k{ g]{ lgodx¿sf] Kn]sf8{ agfpm . tL
Kn]sf8{nfO{ sIffsf]7f, zf}rfno / au}r “ fdf nu]/ /fv / ;f]cg';f/
kfngf u/ .
;fdflhs lgodx¿sf] kfngf u/f}“ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 33
kf7 – % d]/f] j8fsf] agf]6 / sfd
lj|mofsnfk
lj|mofsnfk
!= ab|L cyjf uLtfn] h:t} ltdL klg cfk"m a;]sf] 7fp“sf] j0f{g u/ .
d ========== ufp“÷gu/kflnsfdf a:5' . d]/f] ufp“÷gu/kflnsfsf]
k"jk{ 6\l6======== 5 . klZrd{k6\l6 =========== 5 . d a;]sf] ufp“÷gu/df
=========== ofddf kfgL k5{ . oxf“sf dflg; ========== k];f u5{g\ . oxf“
======== cGg kmN5 . oxf“ xfjfkfgLcg';f/ ========== n'uf nufOG5 .
@= cfgf] cleefjs tyf lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w/] n]v .
ltdL a;]sf] ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt÷gu/kflnsf=======
• j8f g+= =============
• xfjfkfgL M udL{ ÷ hf8f] ÷l7Sssf]
• hfthflt =========
• wd{ =========
#= lrq lrg / gfd 5fg]/ n]v M
kxf8L k|bz]
t/fO{ k|bz
]
lxdfnL k|bz
]
leqL dw];
pkTosf
dlGb/
s
kf]v/L
vf]nf
p
;
@
;
;;
@@
;;
@@
;;
@@
w/fg /f]8
;;;;
@@@@
/ª\u]nL /f]8
;;;;
@@@@
rf]s
;;;;
@@@@
;ª\s]t
b"w sf/vfgf
ljdfg:yn
a;kfs{
hf]uagL /f]8
SofDk;
c:ktfn
;;;
@@@
@@@ /fi6« a}ª\s
;;;
@@@
;;;
dlGb/
6«fl˚s sfof{no
;;;
@@@
;;;
@@@
/ª\uzfnf
;;;
@@@
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ;d'bfosf] e|d0f u/fO{ Toxf“sf d'Vod'Vo s'/fx¿ cjnf]sg u/fO;s]kl5
gS;fdf ;ª\st] ;lxt eg{ l;sfpg'xf];\ .
42 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
lj|mofsnfk
d]/f] 3/
;;;
@@@
;;;
@@@
;;
@@
c:ktfn ;;
@@
l;g]df xn
rf]s
Kof/f] ;fyL
1fgL . fyL
1fgL
Kof/f]
.
;
!= ltdLn] b]zsf nflu s]s] ug{ ;S5f} < kf7sf] cfwf/df n]v .
-s_ ================================
-v_ ================================
-u_ ================================
-3_ ================================
@= ltdL klg cfgf] ;fyLnfO{ ;fdflhs cWoog k9]/ l;s]sf s'/fx¿ /fv]/
Pp6f lr7L n]vL sIffdf ;'gfpm .
#= tnsf] tflnsfnfO{ 7"nf] cIf/n] n]vL sIffdf k|bz{g u/ M
JolSt l;Sg'kg]{ s'/f
c¿sf] nf]edf kg'x{ b“' g} .
aneb| s“j' /
/fh]Gb|nIdL
b]zsf] ;]jf ug'{ g} xfd|f] d'Vo sfd xf] .
eLd;]g yfkf
;d'bfosf ;a} dflg;n] ug]{ /fd|f] sfdsf] ;dfg dxŒj /x]sf] x'G5 .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 53
kf7 – @ sd k};f w]/} sfd
d]/f] gfd cg'hf xf] . d sIff tLgdf k9\5' . o;kfnLsf] ltxf/df d
;fyLx¿;“u e}nf] v]Ng uP“ . e}nf] v]n/] d}n] Ps ;o ?lkof“ kfP“ . Tof]
k};f d}n] cfdfnfO{ /fVg lbP“ . Tof] k};f cfdfn] lng'ePg, pxf“n]
eGg'eof], æ5f]/L, Tof] k};fn] k;ndf uP/ ltdLnfO{ rflxg] ;fdfg lsg .Æ
To;kl5 d}n] cfkm"nfO{ rflxg] ;fdfgsf] ;"rL agfP“ . tL ;fdfg x'g–\
snd, sfkL, d~hg, a|;' , l/ag, sfO“of], sf“6f / v]nf}gfx¿ .
d ;fdfgsf] ;"rL / Ps ;o ?lkof“ lnP/
k;n uP“ . k;n] bfOn] ;"rLcg';f/sf]
;fdfg / lan lbg'eof] . landf ;a}
;fdfgsf] hDdf d"No ;Q/L ?lkof“ lyof] .
d}n] Ps ;o ?lkof“sf] gf]6 lbP“ . pxf“n]
tL; ?lkof“ lkmtf{ lbg'eof] . d ;fdfg /
af“sL k};f lnP/ 3/ kmls{P“ . cfdfn]
Tolt w]/} ;fdfg / af“sL k};f;d]t b]v/]
eGg'eof], æ:ofaf; 5f]/L ⁄ ltdLn] yf]/}
k};faf6 klg w]/} ;fdfg lsGg ;Sof} .
k};f 5 eGb}df h] kfof] Tof] ;fdfg lsGg x'b“ g} .Æ d}n] af“sL k};f
cfdfnfO{ /fVg lbP“ . of] s'/f d}n] ;fyLx¿nfO{ klg eg] .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
ldtJooL x'b“ f kmfObf / kmh'n vr{ ubf{ a]kmfObf x'g] syf agfP/ ;'gfpg'xf];\ . :yfgLo
;d'bfodf 36]sf] ljifoj:t';u“ ;DalGwt 36gf klg ;'gfpg ;Sg'xG' 5 . To;kl5 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
ldtJooL x'g] afgL a;fNg] ljleGg lj|mofsnfk u/fpg'xf];\ .
54 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
lj|mofsnfk
!= ltd|f 3/df k|of]u x'g] s'g} Pp6f vf]n;lxtsf] ;fa'g n]pm . pSt
;fa'gsf] vf]ndf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ x]/L lgDg a'b“ fx¿df n]v M
-s_ ;fa'gsf] gfd M
-v_ ag]sf] 7fp“ M
-u_ pBf]u jf sDkgLsf] gfd M
-3_ ;fa'gsf] vf]ndf lrx\g 5, 5}g .
@= ltd|f] ;fyLsf] 3/df k|of]u x'g] ;fdfgx¿ sxf“ ag]sf /x]5g\, x]//] jf
;fyLnfO{ ;f]w/] n]v .
#= /dgsf] 3/df w]/}h;f] ufp“ aflx/ ag]sf ;fdfg /x]5g\ . ufp“d} ag]sf
/fd|f / alnof ef“8fjt{g x'b“ fx'b“ } klg /fd|f b]lvg] dx“uf ef“8fjt{g k|of]u
u5{g\ . ufp“d} ag]sf ;'sn' , u'Gb|L ;:tf / /fd|f 5g\ t/ pgLx¿ dx“uf
ljb]zL sfk]6{ cf]5o\ fp“5g\ . tfhf l9“8f], /f]6L, eft / kmnkm"n gvfP/
l6gsf a6\6f / Knfl:6sdf Kofs ul/Psf af;L vfg]s/' f vfG5g\ . ca
ltdL ;'dgsf] kl/jf/nfO{ s] ;Nnfx lbg rfxG5f}, ;'emfj n]v / sIffdf
;'gfpm .
$= s'g ;fdfg aGgsf nflu s] rflxG5, hf]8f ldnfpm M
9fsf 6f]kL 5fnf
;'sn' ÷u'Gb|L e]8fsf] pmg
h'Qf wfuf]
/f8LkfvL k/fn
lkQn
sfuh
lj|mofsnfk
ltdL klg cfk\mgf] jl/kl/ /x]sf j:t'x¿ x]/L lrq agfpm .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– ljBfno jf 3/sf] jl/kl/ /x]sf ljleGg j:t'x¿, h:t} M 6]an ' , s';L{, 8]:s, lstfa, sfkL,
k]lG;n, ef8f“s8
' f cflbsf] cjnf]sg u/fO{ lrq agfpg k|fT] ;fxg ug{x' f];\ .
– dfly lbOPsf lrqx¿sf] gSsn (copy) ug{ glbg'xf];,\ a? o:t} cGo ljleGg ;fdu|Lx¿ x]/L lrq
agfpg pT;flxt ug{x' f];\ .
– lrq sf]g]{ sfd cGo ljifo lzIf0fdf klg cEof; u/fO{ ljBfyL{x¿n] agfPsf s[ltx¿sf] k|bz{g
ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg'xf];\ .
62 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
d}n] cfk"mnfO{ Kof/f]
nfUg] dflg;sf]
lrq agfP“ .
d]/f ;kgf
d]/f ;fyLx¿
lj|mofsnfk
ltdLnfO{ Kof/f] nfUg] dflg; jf j:t'x¿sf] lrq agfpm .
{ gM
lzIf0f lgb]z
– ljleGg ljifoj:t'x¿, h:t} M kl/jf/, ;fyL, dg kg]{ dfG5] cflbsf] lrq agfpg nufpg'xf];\ .
o;/L agfpg nufp“bf ljifoj:t'sf] 5gf]6 sfo{ ljBfyL{ :jod\nfO{ ug{ lbg'xf];\ .
– ljBfyL{x¿n] 5fg]sf ljifoj:t'x¿af/] 5nkmn u/fP/ dfq agfpg nufpg'xf];,\ ;fy} pgLx¿n]
agfPsf s[ltx¿sf] k|bz{g ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 63
kf7 – @ /ª
/ª v]nf}“ .
cfdfsf] dfof
d / k/L
d]/f] b]z
d 3/ aflx/ 5' .
xfdL k;n uof}“ .
y/Ly/Lsf /ªx¿
k|of]u u/L lrq
agfcf}“ .
d]/f] 8fOgf];f]/
lj|mofsnfk
5nkmn u/ . 5nkmn u/]sf] ljifodf /ªsf] k|of]u u/]/ lrq agfpm .
{ gM
lzIf0f lgb]z
ljBfyL{x¿n] 5fg]sf ljifoj:t'x¿dWo] pko'St ljifoj:t'df lrq agfpg nufO{ /ªx¿sf] k|of]u
ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 65
kf7 – # 5kfO
5kfO sfo{ ljleGg j:t'af6 ug{ ;lsG5 . s'g} j:t'sf] ;txdfly Ps
jf PseGbf a9L /ªx¿ nufO{ ;kmf sfuhdfly /fvL lyr]/ jf bn]/
5fk lgsfNg] k|lj|mofnfO{ 5kfO sfo{ elgG5 .
j:t'af6 5fk lgsfn M
kftdf /ª nufpm . To;nfO{
sfuhdfly /fvL 5fk lgsfn / x]/ .
kftsf] 5fk
ca ljleGg j:t'x¿ h:t} M
wfuf], 6f“s -a6g_ hfnL, pmg
cflb hDdf u/ . Pp6f afSnf]
sfuhdf ljleGg j:t'x¿, h:t} M
wfuf], 6f“sf, sf7sf 6'jm| f cflbnfO{ ldnfP/
/fv . /ª bn . ca pSt /ª bn]sf] j:t'x¿dfly
sfuh /fvL To;sf] 5fk lgsfn . ljleGg j:t'x¿sf] 5fk
ljleGg lsl;dsf kftx¿, t/sf/L / cGo j:t'x¿af6 klg 5kfO sfo{ u/]/ x]/ .
lzIf0f lgb]z { gM
– 5kfO sfo{sf nflu cfjZos x'g] ;fdu|Lx¿sf] Joj:yf u/fO{ 5kfO sfo{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
– 5kfO lj|mofsnfk ;d"xdf a;fP/ ubf{ km/s lsl;dsf tyf cfsif{s snfs[lt tof/ ug{ ;lsg]
x“b' f ;d"xdf klg sfo{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
– tof/ ePsf lrqx¿ sIffsf]7fdf k|bz{g u/fO{ 5kfO sfo{sf] cg'ejaf/] 5nkmn u/fpg'xf];\ .
66 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
sf6]/ 5fk
cfn' jf cGo t/sf/L sf6 . To;df a'66\ f agfO{ /ª kf]t/] sfuhdf
5fk lgsfn . s:tfs:tf a'66\ fx¿ ag]5g\ < x]/ .
s/]nfsf] 5fk
lj|mofsnfk
ljleGg k|sf/sf t/sf/L, h:t} M cfn', d'nf, /fdtf]l/of, eG6f cflb sf6]/
To;sf] ;txdf cfs[lt agfO{ 5fk lgsfn .
{ gM
lzIf0f lgb]z
– ljleGg k|sf/sf j:t'x¿, h:t} M afSnf] sfuh, sf7sf 6'jm| f, wfuf],] sk8f / /ª cflb h:tf
;fdu|Lx¿sf]] Joj:yf u/L 5kfO sfo{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
– sf6]/ cfs[lt agfpg] lj|mofsnfk u/fp“bf ljz]if Wofg lbg'xf]nf . o:tf] lj|mofsnfk u/fp“bf
rf]6k6s nfUg ;Sg] x'b“ f ljz]if ;fjwfgLk"js
{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 67
kf7 – $ sf]nfh
/ª\uLg sf]nfh
/ª\uLg sfuh, sk8f, kft, cGo kftnf tyf xn'sf j:t'x¿
Roft]/ jf sf6]/ sf]nfh lrq agfpg ;lsG5 . oxf“ s]xL gd'gfx¿
b]vfOPsf 5g\ .
d s]
agfp“ <
lj|mofsnfk
ltdLx¿n] df6f]sf] 8Nnf]af6 ljleGg j:t'x¿ agfpg ;S5f} / agfpm .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ rf/ jf kf“r hgfsf] ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L tof/ kfl/Psf] df6f]sf] 8Nnfx¿
a/fa/ x'g] u/L ;a} ljBfyL{x¿df ljt/0f ug{x' f];\ .
– df6f]sf] 8Nnf]nfO{ xftdf lng nufO la:tf/} af6'nf] jf uf]nf] agfpg nufpg'xf];\ .
– uf]nf] cfsf/ agfO;s]kl5 o; cfsf/af6 cGo ljleGg k|sf/sf j:t'x¿ klg agfpg nufpg'xf];\ .
– ljBfyL{x¿n] agfOPsf j:t'x¿sf] k|bz{g ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpgxf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 71
a'66\ f agfpm
cfjZos dfqfdf tof/ kfl/Psf] df6f] n]pm . Tof] df6f]n] fO{ ;dy/ :yfg
dfly /fv . ca la:tf/} xft jf af6'nf] sf7sf] ;xof]uaf6 df6f]nfO{ k]nL
kftf jf :n]a agfpm . df6f]sf] kftf agfO;s]kl5 To;dfly sf7sf]
5]:sfn] cfkm"nfO{ dg kg]{ cfs[lt jf lrq sf]/ .
k]n/] df6f]sf] kftf agfOPsf] df6f]sf] kftfdf 5]:sfn] sf]6o\ fP/ agfPsf] a'66\ f
df6f]sf] kftfnfO{ ldnfP/ sf6]sf] df6f]sf] kftfdf df6f] yk]/ agfPsf] cfs[lt
lj|mofsnfk
df6f]sf] kftf agfO{ ltdLnfO{ dg kg]{ ljifoj:t'sf a'66\ f jf cfs[lt agfpm .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– tof/ kfl/Psf] df6f] ljt/0f u/L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kftf (Slab) agfpg nufO{ OR5fg';f/sf]
cfs[lt jf lrq sf]g{ nufO{ :jtGq cleJolSt jf a'66\ f agfpg nufpg'xf];\ .
– lgdf{0f ePsf s[ltx¿nfO{ ´'G8\ofpgsf nflu kftfsf] dflyNnf] efudf Kjfn agfO{ /fd|/L
;'sk] l5 lsnfdf ´'G8\ofO{ k|bz{g ug{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'xf];\ .
– lgdf{0f ePsf j:t'x¿df j:t'cg'¿k /ª eg{ nufpg'xf];\ .
72 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
kf7 – ^ sfuhsf] sfd
$ s}r
“ Ln] sf6
! @ # %
^
– olt agfO;s]kl5 To; sfuhdf r/fsf] h:t} cf“vf sf]/ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 73
@= sfuhsf] sk
! @ # $ % ^ &
#= rf/v08sf] a6\6f
$ % ^
! @ #
&
$= s5'jf
! @ # $ % ^
&
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– hfkfgL efiffdf æcf]l/Æ eGgfn] k6\ofpg' / æufdLÆ sf] cy{ sfuh xf] . To:t} of] snfdf
sfuhnfO{ ljleGg cfsf/df k6\ofP/ ljleGg j:t' jf cfs[lt agfOG5 .
– ;j{ky| d lzIfsn] juf{sf/ cfsf/df s;/L sfuh sf6\g ;lsG5 eGg]af/] k|bz{g u/L b]vfpg'xf];\ .
– cf]l/ufdL lj|mofsnfk k'/fgf] tyf sfd gnfUg] sfuhsf kfgfåf/f u/fpg'xf];\ .
– oxf“ b]vfOPsf s]xL dxŒjk"0f{ ;ª\st] x¿af/] hfgsf/L lbO{ sfo{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
sfuh sf6 leqk6\l6 k6\ofpm
sfuhnfO{ tfg k5fl8lt/af6 k6\ofpm
Psrf]l6 k6\ofP/ la:tf/} vf]n sfuhnfO{ k5fl8lt/ kN6fpm
74 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
%= 3/
@ # $
!
% ^
3/sf] ‰ofn / 9f]sf sf]/ .
^= sfuhsf] ¿v
&
! @ # ca Psdfly csf]{
k6\ofPsf] tLgs'g]
sfuhnfO{ 6f“;L
sfuhsf] ¿v agfpm
.
$ % ^ & *
&= sfuhsf] kª\vf
! @ # $
! @ # $
$ % ^ & *
*= sfuhsf] 8'ªu\ f
! @ # $
% ^ & * (
!) !! !@ !# !$
!% !^ !&
lj|mofsnfk
ltdL klg r/f, sk, rf/v08] a6\6f, s5'jf, 3/, xjfO{hxfh, 8'ªu\ f, ¿v,
kª\vf cflb agfpm / v]n .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– dfly lbOPsf xjfO{hxfh / 8'ªu\ f agfpg juf{sf/ sfuhsf] ;6\6f cfotfsf/ sfuhsf]
k|of]u u/L agfpg nufpg'xf];\ .
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ Pp6} s'/f w]/} k6s agfpg nufO{ j:t'x¿sf] k|bz{g ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'xf];\ .
76 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
kf7 – & lgdf{0f
ltdLn] klg df6f]sf] 8Nnf]df l;Gsf, kft, Kjf“v cflb 3f]k/] y/Ly/Lsf
hgfj/x¿ jf v]nf}gf agfpg ;S5f} .
df6f]sf] uf8L
lj|mofsnfk
r/f
df6f], l;Gsf, kft, Kjf“vh:tf j:t'x¿sf] k|of]u u/]/ ltdLnfO{ dgkg]{ s'g}
Ps v]nf}gf agfpm .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ljleGg k|sf/sf j:t'x¿ ;ª\sng ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
– dfly lbOPsf pbfx/0fx¿af/] 5nkmn u/L ljBfyLx¿n] agfpg ;Sg] ljifoj:t'df lgdf{0f sfo{
u/fpg'xf];\ . Pp6f agfO ;s]kl5 ;do /x]df c¿ klg agfpg klg nufpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 77
sfuhsf] k'tnL
sfuhaf6 xft]kt' nL tyf cGo v]nf}gf klg agfpg ;lsG5 . l;h{gfsf]
xftdf Pp6f k'tnL 5 . xft]k'tnL lnP/ l;h{gf syf ;'gfp“l5g\ .
ltdL klg o:t} xft]kt' nL agfpm .
s's/'
ljBfno jl/kl/ /x]sf ljleGg j:t'x¿, h:t} M 9'ªu\ f, O“6f, 8f]/L,
n6\7L, sf7, df6f], afn'jf cflbaf6 klg lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 .
ltdL klg o:t} j:t'x¿af6 ;fyL;“u ldnL /dfOnf v]nf}gfx¿ agfpm .
lj|mofsnfk
sfuh, l;Gsf, pmg, /ª cflb k|of]u u/L /dfOnf xft]kt' nL jf v]nf}gfx¿ agfpm .
lzIf0f lgb]z
{ gM
– ljBfno j/k/ kfOg] j:t'x¿ ;ª\sng ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg'xf];\ .
– dfly lbOPsf gd'gfx¿ s]s] k|of]u u/L s;/L hf]8s ] f 5g\, cjnf]sg tyf 5nkmn u/fO{
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ k|fT] ;fxg ug'x{ f];\ .
78 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
sfuhsf j:t'x¿
AFfSNFF] sfuhaf6 w]/} j:t'x¿ agfpg ;lsG5 . oxf“ Pp6f 3/sf]
gd'gf b]vfPsf] 5 . oxf“ sfuhnfO{ sf6]/, k6\ofP/, aª\ufP/ tyf
hf]8/] 3/ agfOPsf] 5 . o; 3/sf] ‰ofn, 5fgf, 9f]sf s;/L agfPsf]
xf]nf ljrf/ u/ <
lj|mofsnfk
o; /fli6«o ufgnfO{ o;/L g} af/Daf/ cEof; u/ .
lzIfs lgb]z
{ gM
– /fli6«o ufgaf/] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'xf];\ .
– /fli6«o ufg klxn] lzIfs :jod\n] ufP/ ;'gfO;s]kl5 ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f]xLcg';f/ cEof;
u/fpg'xf];\ . /fli6«o ufg ufpg'eGbf klxn] tfn cyf{t\ tfnL jf dfbnsf] ;xof]u lnO{
cEof; u/fpg'xf];\ .
80 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
kf7 – @ sIffut uLt
w]/} k9\5f}“ w]/} n]V5f},“ ;fgf;fgf gfgL
a'4h:t} TofuL aG5f},“ hgs´}“ 1fgL
¿ku'0f zLnjtL, lxp“h:t} uf]/L
pdf ;Ltf e[s6' L x'g,\ -g]kfns} 5f]/L_@
lj|mofsnfk
o;}u/L cGo x/kmsf] zAbfIf/nfO{ klg tfndf af“wL cfk"mn] hfg]sf s'g}
nodf ufpg] cEof; u/ .
lzIf0f lgb]z { gM
sfnf]kf6L jf sf8{af]8{df vl08t ul/Psf !, @, #, $, %, ^, & / * n]lvPsf] 7fp“df tfnL
lb“b} /fli6«o uLt cEof; ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
-gf]6 M /fli6«o uLt ufp“bf :yfgLo jf s'g} klg nonfO{ cfwf/ dfgL cEof; u/fpg ;Sg'xG' 5 ._
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 83
d ufp“ vfg] sljtf ufp“5'
Zofd
cgf}7f] nfUof] of] ltd|f] k|Zg ;'Gb}df dnfO{
´g tf5\of} eg] ´g 7"nf] x'g] pN6f] 5 egfO
t}klg ;f]rL ug]/ eG5' s] rflx“ /x]5
cgf}7f] xf]Og ;fdfGo s'/f ‘vfN8f]’ kf] /x]5 .
/fdfjtf/
lj|mofsnfk
lzIfs lgb]z{ gM
;j{ky| d sljtfsf] efjfy{ atfOlbg'xf];\ . To;kl5 v08v08 ul/Psf sljtfnfO{ sfnf]kf6L jf
sf8{af]8{df !, @, #, $, %, ^, & / * n]lvPsf 7fp“df tfnL lb“b} ;d"xdf uLt ufpg] cEof;
u/fpg'xf];\ . af“sL ufpg] cEof; klg u/fpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 85
kf7 – $ tfndf tfnL ahfcf}“
* dfqfsf] tfndf tfnL ahfcf}“ .
-s_ ! @ # $ % ^ & *
tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL
-v_ !,@ #,$ %,^ &,*
(
(
(
lj|mofsnfk
-v_ sx/jf
dfqf ! @ # $ % ^ & *
af]n wfu] gtL gs lwgf wfu] gtL gs lw“gf
(
lj|mofsnfk
-s_ dfly lbOPsf] af]nnfO{ cEof; u/ .
-v_ o;/L oL af]nx¿nfO{ af/Daf/ cEof; u/ .
-u_ oL af]nx¿nfO{ dfbn ahfP/ klg cEof; ug]{ sf]l;; u/ .
lzIfs lgb]z{ gM
;j{ky| d lzIfsn] dflysf ;ª\st] cg';f/ dfbndf ahfP/ b]vfpg] / ;f]xLcg'¿k ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
;d"xdf jf Psn cEof; ug{ nufpg'xf];\ . dflysf] -s_ dfbnsf] af]n / -v_ 9f]ns jf
tanfsf] af]n xf] egL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 87
kf7 – % uf]8f / s'sR{' rfsf] rfn
lj|mofsnfk
lrqdf h:t} lz/df xft /fvL uf]8fsf] s'sR{' rfn] bfof“lt/ ´'s/] e'Od“ f xfGg]
cEof; u/ .
lzIf0f lgb]z{ gM
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;dsf] cj:yfdf pEofO{ b'j} xft lz/df sfgeGbf clns dfly /fvL bfof“lt/
´'s/] !–@ uGtLdf bfof“ uf]8fsf] s'sR{' rfn] afof“ uf]8fsf] a"9L cf}n“ feGbf sl/a $ OGr hlt
cufl8 xfGg] / # uGtLdf bfof“ uf]8fsf] k}tfnfn]] cfk\mgf] klxn]sf] 7fp“df xfGg nufpg'xf];\ .
$ uGtLdf lz/df /fv]sf] xft sDd/df /fVg nufpg'xf];\ .
– of] lj|mofsnfk af/Daf/ u/fpg'k5{ ;fy} 8Dk'm cyjf dfbnsf] $ dfqf !, @, # / $ df klg
ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
– of] lj|mofsnfk bfof“ uf]8faf6 /fd|/L ug{ hfg]kl5 afof“ uf]8faf6 klg ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 89
xftn] k"mn agfO{ uf]8fsf] rfn
lj|mofsnfk
lrqdf h:t} b'j} xftn] k"mn agfO{ cfk\mgf] lz/dfly /fvL uf]8f pkmfg]{ cEof; u/ .
lzIf0f lgb]z{ gM
– ;a} ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kª\lStdf ;d -;ts{sf]_ cj:yfdf pEofO{ b'j} xftn] k"mnh:tf] agfO{
cfk\mgf] lz/dfly ;Lwf /fVg nufpg'xf];\ . ca ! uGtLdf bfof“ uf]8fn] cfk\mgf] cufl8 hldgdf
sl/a !) OGr dflylt/ kmfNg] / # uGtLdf cfk\mg} klxnfsf] 7fp“df la;fpg nufpg'xf];\ . #
uGtLdf afof“ uf]8f bfof“ uf]8f pkmf/]h:t} u/L pkmfg]{ / $ uGtLdf afof“ uf]8f cfk\mgf] 7fp“df
la;fO{ b'j} xft sDd/df /fVg nuffpg'xf];\ .
– of] lj|mofsnfk dfbnsf] $ dfqfsf] tfndf u/fpg'xf];\ .
– klxn] of] lj|mofsnfk u/fp“bf dfbnsf] la:tf/} tfnsf] nodf u/fO{{ j|mdzM dfbnsf] no a9fp“b}
nuL l56f]l56f] klg ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
90 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
uf]8fsf] cufl8 k5fl8 rfn
d xftn] k"mn agfO{ lz/dfly /fvL uf]8f pkmfb}{ cufl8 k5fl8 ;g{ ;S5' .
! *
@ &
# ^
$ %
% $
^ #
& @
* !
cufl8 ;/]sf] k5fl8 ;/]sf]
lj|mofsnfk
lrqdf b]vfPh:t} b'j} xftn] k"mn agfO{ lz/dfly /fvL kfn}kfnf]l;t bfof“afof“
uf]8f cufl8 k5fl8 ;g]{ cEof; u/ .
lzIf0f lgb]z{ gM
– ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kª\lStdf pEofpg] b'j} xftn] k"mn agfO{ lz/dfly /fVg] . ! uGtLdf bfof“ uf]8f
hldgeGbf sl/a !) OGr dfly pkmfg]{ . @ uGtLdf cln cufl8 ;/]/ uf]8f la;fpg] . #
uGtLdf afof“ uf]8f pkmfg]{ / $ uGtLdf cln cufl8 ;/]/ uf]8f la;fpg nufpg'xf];\ . b'j} xft
sDd/df /fvL * uGtL;Dd cufl8 ;g{ tyf k5fl8 klg * uGtL;Dd ;g{ nufpg'xf];\ .
– of] lj|mofsnfknfO{ dfbnsf] * dfqfdf cufl8 / * dfqfdf k5fl8 ;g{] cEof; u/fpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 91
kf7 – ^ x:td'bf|
x]/, lrg / u/ M
d'7L ;"rL
lzv/ gfu
cw{rGb| x+;f:o
ktfs l;+xd'v
lj|mofsnfk
lrqdf b]vfPh:t} ljleGg x:td'bf| x¿sf] cEof; u/ .
{ gM
lzIf0f lgb]z
– oL x:td'bf| x¿af/] hfgsf/L lbO{ k|bz{g;d]t u/]/ b]vfpg'xf];\ .
– dfly b]vfPsf] ljleGg x:td'bf| x¿sf] cEof; u/fO{ g[Tox¿df ;d]t o;sf] k|of]u u/fpg'xf];\ .
92 d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf
kf7 – & d ljleGg s'/fsf] clego u5{'
d]/f] g]kfnL lstfasf] kfgf g+= % df /x]sf 9'ªu\ fsf] lvr8L eGg]
kf7sf] syfdf /x]sf ljleGg JolStx¿sf] rl/qdf cfwfl/t ljleGg
rl/qx¿sf] clego u/ .
‘‘ vfg]sf' /sf] s]xL lrGtf lng'kb}g{
cfd} Û cfh d 9'ªu\ f ksfP/
vfp“nf .’’
9'ªu\ f ksfP/ vfp“nf /] Û
9'ªu\ fsf] lvr8L
s:tf] x“b' f] xf] Û Û
lj|mofsnfk
-s_ 9'ªu\ fsf] lvr8L eGg] syfnfO{ /fd|/L k9 / o;df /x]sf ljleGg kfqdWo]
ltdLnfO{ dg kg]{ kfq lnO{ ;fyL;“u ldn]/ clego u/ .
-v_ o:t} k|sf/sf cGo syf, sljtf jf gf6sdf klg clego u/ .
-u_ ltdLnfO{ dg kg]{ jf dg k/]sf] s'g} syf jf gf6ssf] /rgf u/L clego
klg ug{ ;S5f} u/ .
{ gM
lzIf0f lgb]z
– sIff @ df ePsf clegosf] lj|mofsnfkx¿sf] k'g/fj[lQ ug{x' f];\ .
– ;DalGwt kf7x¿nfO{ gf6sLo 9ª\un] k|:t't ug{ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|l] /t u/L kfqcg';f/ km]/abn
u/L clego u/fpg'xf];\ . pgLx¿n] u/]sf clegosf] ;/fgf u/L cfjZos lgb]z { g klg lbg
;lsG5 . ljleGg k|sf/sf /rgfx¿df klg clego u/fpg'xf];\ .
d]/f] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf l;h{gfTds snf 93