Prototype Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 9

Second Quarter

I. Objectives
A. Content Standards: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the type of bonds that carbon forms that result
in the diversity of carbon compounds
B. Performance Standards: The learners shall be able to analyse the percentage composition of different brands of
two food products and decide on the products’ appropriate percentage composition
C. Learning Competencies Objectives: Explain how the structure of the carbon atom affects the type of bonds it
forms

Competency Code: S9MT-IIg17

At the end of the discussion, the students are expected to:
a. Define Hydrocarbons
b. Recognize common kinds of alkanes
c. Identify the types of bonds formed in alkanes
d. Name some common alkanes based on its linear or condensed structural formula

II. Content: The Variety of Carbon Compounds

A. References:
1. Teacher’s Guide Pages:
2. Learner’s Material Pages: pp. 48-51
3. Textbook Pages:
4. Additional Materials from Learning Resources Portal
B. Other Learning Resources:
C. Values Integration:

D. Procedures

Teacher’s Activities Learner’s Activities

1. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the

new lesson

Start lesson by reviewing student’s prior knowledge about

Chemical Bonding.

Ask the following questions:

 How are ionic and covalent compounds
formed?
 Why is an ionic compound different from
a covalent compound?
 How is a metallic bond formed?
2. Establishing a purpose for the lesson
Let the students play and answer:

GUESS THE WORD!

 H_DR_CA_BO_
Choose letters to fill---- ANOYTER

_ETH_N_
Choose letters to fill---- OUAEMER

E_H_N_
Choose letters to fill---- AUOTEAQ

P_OP_N_
Choose letters to fill---- AUOREAW

3. Presenting examples/instances of the new

lesson
 Define and discuss the nature of hydrocarbons
 Present some common examples of Alkanes

4. Discussing new concepts and practicing new

skills #1
 With the table of examples given above, students
will examine each sample of Alkanes. They will
 answer the following questions;
a. What are the types of bonds present in the
following samples of alkanes?
b. What pattern do you observe in terms of the
number of carbon atoms and structure of alkanes?
Explain the patterns you observe.
 Teacher will give additional input base on the
answers of the students.

5. Discussing new concepts and practicing new

skills #2
 The teacher will present several examples on how
to name an alkane based on its given linear or
condensed structural formula.
 The teacher will randomly pick a student to
answer a certain problem on the board.

6. Developing Mastery
 The class will be grouped into six. Each group
will have a representative leader whom will guide
as the teacher or mentor of its members. The
leader will then share or discuss ideas or theories
where most of the members find it difficult about
the topic.
 The teacher will provide sample problems about
naming of alkanes for them to answer.

7. Finding practical applications of new concepts

and skills in daily living.
a. METHANE (CH4)
 It is used as a fuel for homes, ovens, water heaters,
kilns and automobiles as it combust with oxygen to
produce heat.
 Also used for electricity generation.
 As a vehicle fuel in the form of liquefied natural
gas (LNG). It is more environment friendly than
gasoline/petrol and diesel.
 Highly refined liquid methane is used as rocket
fuel.
b. ETHANE (C2H6)
 Used in the preparation of ethene and certain
heavier hydrocarbons.
 Ethane can be used as a refrigerant in cryogenic
refrigeration systems.
 Used to produce ethylene, which is used to
manufacture plastic, automotive antifreeze, and
detergents.

c. PROPANE (C3H8)
 Used as a domestic and industrial fuel.
 Propane is the primary fuel for hot air balloons.
 Propane powers locomotives, buses, forklifts, taxis,
furnaces, water heaters, laundry dryers, barbecues,
portable stoves, and motor vehicles.
 Propane is commonly used in theme parks and in
movies for explosions and special effects.
 Used as a fuel for home heat and backup electrical
generation in sparsely populated areas that do not
have natural gas pipelines.
 Propane is used as a propellant for aerosol sprays
such as shaving creams and air fresheners.
d. BUTANE (C4H10)
 Butane is a key ingredient of synthetic rubber.
 It is used as a fuel in cigarette lighters.
 When blended with propane and other
hydrocarbons, it may be referred to commercially
as LPG, for liquefied petroleum gas.
 Butane fuel canisters are used in camping stoves.
 Also used in aerosol spray cans.
 Butane gas cylinders are used in cooking.
e. PENTANE (C5H12)
 Pentane is used in the production of polystyrene
 foams and other foams.
 Used in laboratories as solvents.
 They are also active ingredients of pesticides.
 Used in liquid chromatography.
f. HEXANE (C6H14)
 It is used in the formulation of glues for shoes,
leather products, and roofing.
 They are also used to extract cooking oils (such as
canola oil or soy oil) from seeds.
 Also for cleansing and degreasing a variety of
items, and in textile manufacturing.
g. HEPTANE (C7H16)
 Heptane is used in paints and coatings.
 Pure n-heptane is used for research and
development and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
 Also as a minor component of gasoline.
 It is applied in laboratories as a non-polar solvent.
h. OCTANE (C8H18)
 It is a component of gasoline (petrol).
 Octane is vital in preventing engine damage.
i. NONANE (C9H20)
 Nonane is also used as a solvent, distillation chaser,
fuel additive, and a component in biodegradable
detergent.
 Used in automotive fuel and jet fuel.
 Used as a component in organic solvents.
j. DECANE (C10H22)
 Decane is often used for industrial purposes.
 It is commonly used in fuels such as gasoline.
 Used as a synthetic solvent.

8. Making generalizations and abstractions about

the lesson.
 The teacher will enhance the learning of the
students by further discussing the topic.
 A video presentation for the samples of Alkanes
and its practical applications will be presented to
students.
 Video presentation for naming common Alkanes
will also be given.

9. Evaluating learning
Answer the following questions.

a. What is hydrocarbon?
b. What bond is present in alkane’s compound?
c. Name the following alkane compounds
 C8H18
 C10H22
 C2H6
 C9H20
 CH4
 10. Additional activities for application or
remediation

III. REMARKS

IV. REFLECTION

Teacher:
A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation
B. No. of learners who require additional for
remediation who scored below 80%
C. Did the remedial lesson work?
No. of learners who caught up with the lesson:
D. No. of learners who continue to require
remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked well?
Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter with my
principal or supervisor can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish to share with other
teachers?

Prepared by:

Name: RONEL A. ABAN

Baccalaureate Degree: Bachelor of Secondary Education – Biological Science
Position: Teacher I
School: San Isidro National High School-Trento
District: Trento IV
Division: Agusan del Sur