- 49 -

PA R T 1

Introduction

Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)

 - 50 -
uJ,ckoifcef;pmrSmawmhCisco Router udkManage vkyjf cif;ESiyhf wfoufwtaM hJ umif;
t&mawGudkoifMum;ay;rSmjzpfygw,f/tJRouter udkManage vkyrf ,fq&kd ifyxrOD;qH;k Router
&JUtwGif;rSmyg0ifwComponents
Jh awGudkodzkdYvdktyfvmNyDayghaemf/OyrmayhgAsmrdrdtdrfrSm½SdwJh
Computer “[mtaMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifhysufoGm;NyDqdkygpkdY/[! oifcef;pmurpao;bl;/
uGefysLwmu ysufaejyD/ [D;[D;.. 'D vdkrxifvdkufygeJYAsm/ Oyrm ajymjywmyg/ uJ tu,fí udk,fu
Computer Service qdi kuf ryd
kd cYk sib
f ;l qk&d ifud, k u
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f idk jf yif&awmhr,ftajh ctaea&mufomG ;jy/D
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kd ed rf sKd ;rSmComputer &JUCasing twGif;rSmb,fvComponents kd awGygw,f/
b,ftpdwt f ydik ;f ubmvkyv f ponf
J jzifah ygAh sm/ Components wpfcck si;f pD&UJ taMumif;t&mwpfcu k kd
tajccHoabmavmufodNyq D &kd iftwdik ;f twmwpfct k xd0ifNy;D jyifv&Ydk jyaD ygAh sm/'Dvydk rdJ rtoH
d ;k jyKr,fh
Router qk& d if¤if;&JUtwGi;f ydik ;f xJrmS b,fvComponents kd awGyg0ifrvJ?Components wpfcck si;f pDu
b,fvdk 0efaqmifraI wG vkyw f ,fqw kd mudak wmh tajccHoabmw&m;taeeJY odxm;oifyh gjy/D 'gqkd
uReaf wmfwyxrOD
Ykd ;qH;k taeeJYRouter twGif;rSmyg0ifwComponents
Jh awGudk
pwifavhvmMu&atmifaemf/

3.1 Internal Components of a Cisco Router

(Cisco Router twGi;f ü yg0ifaomtpdwt
f ydik ;f rsm;)

uJtckRouter twGif;rSmyg0ifwJhtpdwftydkif;rsm;udkpjyD;avhvmMuwmayghaemf/

Components Description

Bootstrap Router tm;Boot vky&f efEiS IOS

hf tm;Load vkyfay;&eftwGuf
jzpfygw,f/olu
Y ROM
kd qdok nf(Read-Only
h Memory) xJrSm
odr;f qnf;ay;xm;wmjzpfygw,f/

POST Power on Self Test jzpfNy;D Router twGi;f üyg0ifaomComponents

rsm;udk yxrOD;pGm pwif ppfaq;ay;onf/ ¤if;[mqd&k ifjzifh uReaf wmf
wdkYMum;zl;aeusWindows \POST vkyif ef;pOfrsm;ESitwl
hf wyl ifjzpfonf/
Product of YOUTH
 - 51 -
Components Description

ROM Monitor ¤if;ROM Monitor onfRouter udkManufacturing ydik ;f qdik &f m

Testing jyKvy
k &f efEiS Troubleshooti
hf ngjyKvkyf&eftwGufjzpfNyD;olYudkvnf;
ROM xJüyifodr;f qnf;ay;xm;onf/

Mini-IOS 'Dae&mrSmCisco u¤if;udkRXBOOT (okrYd [kw)f Boot loader

vdac:
Yk qykd gao;w,f/tJ¤if;[mMini-IOS qdkjyD;ROM xJrSm&SdwJh
tao;i,fq;kH aomIOS jzpfjy;D Router &JUInterface eJCisco
Y IOS
wdkYudkLoad vkyaf y;&eftwGujf zpfygw,f/

RAM tJ'Dwpfcuk awmhRAM wJAh s/Random Access Memory yg/bmvkyfzdkY

twGuv f nf;qdak wmh¤if;RAM rSmPacket &JUBuffer awG? Routing
Tables awGeYJARP Cache wku Yd od
kd r;f qnf;zdt
Yk wGujf zpfygw,f/ajym&&if
awmhAsm¤if;RAM ay:rSmRouter &JUvuf&SdRun aewJConfiguration h
File awGuo kd rd ;f xm;zdjYk zpfygw,f/

ROM ROM qdkwRead

Jh Only Memory xJrSmPOST qdw k 0ef
hJ aqmifrI
eJBootstrap
Y qdkwProgram
Jh awGudkodrf;ay;xm;ygw,f/

Flash Memory uJ,ckta&;Mu;D wJtpd h wt f ydik ;f wpfcv

k mjyaD emf/¤if;uFlash Memory
qkw
d mwJAh s/¤if;&JUtwGi;f ydik ;f rSmCisco IOS udkodrf;xm;ygw,f/
¤if;Flash Memory udkEEPROM qdkw(Electronically Jh Erasable
Programmable Read-Only Memory) qdkwROM Jh eJYtxl;jyKvkyfxm;NyD;
Intel uaexkwv f yk af y;xm;wmjzpfygw,f/

NVRAM NVRAM qdkwNon

Jh Volatile RAM rSmawmhRouter eJSwitch
Y awG&JU
Configuration awGu¤if
kd ;rSwOf mPfay:wifxm;wJt
h cgrmS oH;k ygw,f/
tJaemufjyD;Configuration Register awGudkvnf;odrf;ay;ygw,f/

Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)

 - 52 -
Configuration Register tJaemufqHk;wpfckuawmhConfiguration Register yJjzpfygw,f/
¤if;Configuration Register uRouter &JUBoots Up b,fvdkvkyfrvJ
qdw
k hJ tydik ;f udk xde;f csKyw
f 0hJ efaqmifrI ay;ygw,f/ Oyrm - uReaf wmfwYkd
a½SUrmS oifay;cJw h show
hJ version command udk½dkufvdkufwJhtcgay:vm
wJh pmaMumif;awG&UJ aemufq;kH pmwef;jzpfygw,f/ olu Y kd yHrk eS t
f m;jzifh
0x2102qdNk y;D awGUEikd y f gw,f/olt Y "dygÜ ,u
f Router [mIOS udkFlash
Memory uaeac:wifrmS jzpfNy;D Configuration awGudkawmhNVRAM
uaeac:wifrmS jzpfygw,f/

atmufygyHkrSmCisco Router twGif;xJrSmyg0ifwJhtpdwftydkif;rsm;udkazmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

yHk 3.1

Product of YOUTH
 - 53 -
3.2 Router Boot Sequence taMumif;

uJtckRouter awG&JUBoot Sequence taMumif;udkpjyD;avhvmMu&atmifAsm/Router

udkpjyD;Power On vdu k jf yq
D w
kd meJb,f
Y vpwif kd tvkyv f yk af qmifovJ/IOS udkb,fae&mrS
wpfqifLoadh vkyo
f vJ/aemufjy;D Configuration File rsm;udkb,fvdkLoad vkyo f vJponfjzifh
aygAh sm/ uJ 'gqkd pNyaD emf/
Router udkPower On vdu k jf yq
D w
kd meJwpf
Y jyKd ief uftqifq h ifvk
h yaf qmifcsurf sm;udBoot
k
Sequence vdac: Yk qEkd ikd yf gw,f/¤if;Boot Sequence rSmHardware rsm;udkTest (ppfaq;ay;jcif;)?
vdt
k yfonfSoftware
h rsm;?Load vkyaf y;jcif;ponfwu Ydk vk
kd yaf qmifay;ygw,f/Router &JUBoot
Sequence rSmawmhjzifatmuf h ygtcsu(f 4)csujf zifzGh UJ pnf;wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/

1/ yxrOD;pGmRouter onfPOST(Power-On Self Test) qdw k vk hJ yif ef;pOfuvk

kd yaf qmifay;
ygw,f/tJ¤if;POST qkw d tcef
hJ ;u@rSmRouter twGif;rSmyg0ifwHardwareJh Components
(tpdwftydkif;)rsm;udkppfaq;ay;jcif;udkjyKvkyfay;ygw,f/aemufjyD;Router &JUDifferent Inter-
faces rsm;udv k nf;ppfaq;ay;ygw,f/¤if;POST [mROM qdkw(Read Jh Only Memory)twGif;rSm
wnf&jdS y;D awmh¤if;(ROM) rSwqifhyRun
J ay;wmjzpfygw,f/

2/ 'kw,
d wpfcsurf mS awmhCisco IOS udpwif k &mS azGz&Ydk efeLoad
YJ vkyf&eftwGuBootstrap
f
qdkwProgram
Jh uvkyaf qmifay;ygw,f/tJ¤if;Bootstrap qdkwProgram Jh u(ROM) xJrSm
yg0ifygw,f/yHrk eS t
f m;jzifah wmhAsmCisco IOS uRouter xJuFlash MemoryrSmyJodrf;ay;ygw,f/

(3) wwd,wpfcsufuawmhConfiguration File awGu&Skd mazGwmjzpfygw,f/Cisco IOS

[mLoad vkyfjyD;wJhaemufRouter &JUwduswJhConfiguration File awGudkNVRAM rSmoGm;jyD;
ppfaq;rIjyKvyk yf gw,f/wpfenf;tm;jzif¤if
h ;udkStartup-config File vkv
Yd nf; ac:qEdk ikd yf gw,f/

(4) rSefuefwduswJhStartup-config File [mNVRAM rSm&Scd &hJ ifRouter [mRAM ay:oYkd

Copy ul;jy;D yda
Yk qmifay;ygw,f/¤if;Copy ul;jyD;ydkYaqmifay;vdkufwJhStartup-config File rsm;[m
RAM ay:üRunning-config File tjzpfoa&mufYdk &o
dS mG ;ygw,f/
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
 - 54 -
uJtckq&kd ifRouter &JUBoot Sequence taMumif;udem;vnf
k omG ;jyaD ygah emf/

3.3 Flash Memory udk ppfaq;jcif;

uJtck'Doifcef;pmrSmawmhFlash Memory udppf k aq;jcif;wJAh s/Router xJrmS yg0ifwhJ

Flash Memory qkdwJhtpdwftydkif;uCisco &JUIOS udod k r;f qnf;ay;xm;wmavAsm/tJ'aD wmh
Ykd ;Flash Memory xJrmS yg0ifwhJIOS udppf
uReaf wmfw¤if k aq;Munhv f &oAs
Ykd /
Flash Memory udb k ,ftwGuppf f aq;wmvJ/'g[mar;cGe;f wpfcyk g/aumif;Ny/D ¤if;ae&mrSm
IOS topfwpfcu k Upgrade
kd vkycf siw f thJ cgrmS aomfvnf;aumif;?Upgrade rvkyfaomfvnf;IOS
&JUyrmPb,favmuf&o dS vJodcsiw
f thJ cgrmS aomfvnf;aumif;ppfaq;vd&yg Yk w,f/¤if;Flash
Memory File udppf k aq;r,fq&kd ifyxrOD;qH;k Privileged Mode rSwpfqifshow h flash qdkwJh
Command udktoHk;jyKEdkifygw,faemf/atmufrSmazmfjyxm;wJhyHkudkMunhfay;yg/

yHk 3.2

uJtck¤if;yHkrSmvuf&SdtoHk;jyKaewJhIOS &JUMemory yrmPudkazmfjyay;ygw,f/

3.4 Cisco IOS udk Backup/Restore vkyjf cif;

tckuReaf wmfwCisco
Ydk IOS udkBackup vkyfzkdY&mvdktyfwJhtaMumif;t&mudkazmfjyay;ygh
r,f/'Dae&mrSmtckuReaf wmfwvuf
Ykd &tdS oH;k jyKaewJhCisco IOS udkBackup/Restore awGvkyfay;
vk&dY w,fAs/bmjzpfvIOS
Ykd udkBackup vkyf&ovJqdk&iftaMumif;trsdK;rsdK;aMumifhIOS uysufoGm;
Product of YOUTH
 - 55 -
cJ&h ifjyefRestore vkyEf ikd af tmifBackup vkyw f mjzpfygw,f/tJ'v
D rkd sK;d Backup eJRestore
Y awG
pwif rjyKvyk af o;cif od&r,fh tcsut f vufav;awG ½Sad o;w,fAs/ 'gawGukd ajymjyay;ygrh ,f/
¤if;tcsut f vufawGeud YJ u k n
f rD o
S mIOS ukdBackup eJRestore
Y vkyv
f &yg
Ykd w,f/¤if;wdrYk mS -

(1) Cisco IOS udkBackup eJRestore

Y vkyfcsifygurdrd&JUNetwork rSmTFTP (Trivial File
Transfer Protocol) Server &Sr
d &S ygr,f/¤if;Software udkLaptop (okdYr[kwf)uGefysLwmwpfvHk;vHk;rSm
Install vkyfjyD;yguTFTP Server tjzpfoul Ykd ;ajymif;oGm;ygvrd rhf ,f/

(2) eJ¤if
Router Y ;TFTP Server tMum;qufoG,ftoHk;jyKrnfCable
h Type onfEthernet
Crossover Cable jzpf&ygr,f/

(3) Backup (okr Yd [kw)f Restore vkyfrnfRouter

h ESiTFTP
hf Server Mum;onfwn
l aD omSubnet
twGi;f rSmyJ &S&d ygr,f/

(4) toHk;jyKrnfhRouter onfServer ESicshf w

d q
f ufxm;&rnf/

(5) ¤if;TFTP Server wGiv

f nf;Cisco IOS twGufvHkavmufaomHard Disk Free
Space &S&
d rnf/

(6) Backupvky&f mwGiCopy

f Flash TFTP Command ukdtoHk;jyKEdkifjyD;Restore vky&
f mwGif
vnf; Copy TFTP Flash qko d nfCommand
h tm;toH;k jyKEikd yf gw,f/¤if;Command rsm;udk
Privileged Mode üomtoH;k jyKv&Ykd ygw,f/

yHk 3.3

R 'Doifcef;pmuawmhuReaf wmfwYkdtaeeJYoDt&kd t
ay;Edik yf gw,f/ bmvdv
D &yJajymjy
Yk nf;qdak wmh jyKvyk jf yzd&Yk m tcuf
tcJuTFTP Server aMumifjh zpfygw,f/'gaMumifol
ywfoufwJh oDtdk&Dav;yJzwfNyD;auseyfay;yg/
h eYJ

Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)

 - 56 -
yHk 3.4

yHk 3.5

3.5 NVRAM xHü odr;f qnf;xm;aom Configuration rsm;tm; ppfaq;jcif;

uJtck'Dae&mrSmNVRAM xJrmS yg0ifwhJConfiguration awGuppf

kd aq;Mu&atmifaemf/
'DvAkd sNVRAM [mRouter &JUStartup-config File awGudkodrf;xm;ay;ygw,f/

1/ ¤if;Startup-Configuration udppfk aq;csiyf guPrivileged Mode uaeshow startup-

config qdkwCommand
Jh udktoHk;jyKjyD;&dkufEdkifygw,f/
Product of YOUTH
 - 57 -
'Dtckoifcef;pmuPacket Tracer ESitoHhf ;k jyKvrYkd &ygb;l /'DCommand awGudkoDtdk&D
oabmem;vnfNyq D &kd ifCommand awGurSkd wx
f m;Edik af tmifavmufom½Si;f jyaewmjzpfygw,f/
wu,fawmh'DConfiguration awGudkCheck vkyfw,fqdkwmBackup & Restore ESiquf hf pyfae
ygw,f/olRestore vkyfvdkufwmudkjyefCheck vkyfvdkufwmyJ/

3.6 Routeray:rS Running Configuration rsm;udk

TFTP Server ay:oYdk odr;f qnf;jcif;

tck'Dae&mrSmRouter ay:rSm&SdwConfiguration
Jh awGudkTFTP Server ay:oYkdCopy
ul;jcif;udazmf
k jyay;ygrh ,f/'DvAkd suReaf wmfwIOS Ykd udkBackup ( okdYr[kwf) Restore vky&f ef
TFTP Server udktoHk;jyKMuygw,f/'DvdkyRunning J jzpfaewJConfiguration
h awGudkvnf;Copy
ul;Edik yf gw,faemf/

1/ 'DvCopydk ul;Edik af tmifPrivileged Mode uaecopy running-config tftp Command

udtk oH;k jyKEikd yf gw,f/'gqRunning
dk jzpfaeaomConfiguration uaeTFTP Server ay:odkYa&muf&Sd
oGm;rSm jzpfygw,f/

3.7 TFTP Server ay:rw

S pfqifh Configuration awGuk d
Router ay:oY k d Restore jyKvy k jf cif;

uJRunning jzpfaewJConfiguration
h awGudkTFTP Server ay:oYkdBackup vkyfNyD;oumv
vdt
k yfwt
hJ csed u
f s&ifRestore jyefvyk zf vk
Ydk v
d mjy/D 'DvkdRestore jyefvyk w
f t
hJ cgus&ifb,fvkd
Command udktokH;jyKMurvJ/[kwfjyDaemf/

1/ tJRestore jyefvyk w
f t
hJ csed u
f s&ifyxrOD;qH;k Privileged Mode udkoGm;ay;yg/¤if;Mode
uaewpfqifcopy
h tftp running-config qdkwCommand
Jh udtoH
k ;k jyKygw,f/¤if;Command
[mTFTP Server ay:uaeRunning Configuration awGudkRouter ay:ojYkd yefvnfCopy ul;xnhf
ay;wmjzpfygw,f/
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
 - 58 -
3.8 Network Connectivity rsm;udk Check vkyjf cif;ESih f
Trouble Shoot jyKvyk jf cif;

uJtck'aD e&mrSmNetwork Connectivity udppf k aq;zk&Yd efyHrk eS t

f m;jzifping
h qkdwCom-
Jh
mand eJtraceroute
Y qdkwCommand
Jh (2)ckutoH
kd ;k jyKEikd yf gw,f/¤if;Command (2)ck[mNet-
work Connectivity udppf k aq;&mrSmtajccHtusq;kH aomCommand rsm;jzpfygw,f/¤if;Com-
mand rsm;udktoHk;jyKjcif;tm;jzifRemote
h Device &JUNetwork Connectivity ukppf d aq;Edik yf gw,f/

1/Ping Command udtoH

k ;k jyKjcif;

tck'Doifcef;pmrSmPing qdkwCommand
Jh udoH
k ;k Munh&f atmifaemf/tJ'aD e&mrSmCisco
IOS &JUPing udavh
k vmMunh&f atmifaemf/¤if;Ping Command [mCisco Route &JUSwitch awG
rSmUser Mode aum?Privileged Mode rSmygtoH;k jyKv&Ed
Ykd ik yf gw,f/

yHk 3.6

&JUOutput rSmawmhowfrSwfxm;wJhIP Device ukda&muf&SdzdkY&eftwGufMumjrifhaom

Ping
tcsed u
f ms
kd jzifhazmfjyay;xm;NyD;¤if;udMinimum,
k Average ESiMaximum
hf wdjYk zif,S
h Ow
f aJG zmf
jyxm;ygw,f/

2/ Traceroute udtoH
k ;k jyKjcif;

Traceroute Command udktoHk;jyK&wmuawmhrdrd&JUEntire Network BuD;wpfckvHk;rSm

Product of YOUTH
 - 59 -
½Sw
d Network
hJ awGtqifq h ifch sw
d q
f ufxm;yHu
k Trace
kd vdkufwJhCommand jzpfygw,f/Trace
qdkwmuawmhvrf;aMumif;ayghAsm../qdkvdkwmuuRefawmfwdkYawGTraceroute Command udk
toH;k jyKjcif;jzifrdh rRequest
d vkyfvdkufwJhPacket awG&JUcsdwfqufxm;yHNetwork
k vrf;aMumif;awGudk
tqifq h ihf azmfjyay;rSmyJ jzpfygw,f/
'gaMumif¤if h ;Traceroute Command udktoHk;jyKjcif;jzifhuRefawmfwdkYawGuNetwork
csdwfqufrIvrf;aMumif;awGudktvG,fwultrSm;½SmazGvdkY&rSmyJjzpfygw,f/Traceroute Com-
mand udktoHk;jyKr,fqdk&ifRouter &JUUser Mode eJPrivileged Y Mode wdkYrSmtoHk;jyKEdkifrSm
jzpfygw,f/

yHk 3.7

3.9 CDP qdw

k m bmvJ

tckuRefawmfazmfjyr,fhtaMumif;t&muawmhCDP vdUk ac:wCisco hJ Discovery Pro-

tocol taMumif;udkazmfjyay;rSmjzpfygw,f/tckuRefawmfazmfjyay;r,fCDP h Protocol uCisco
uudk,fwdkifxkwfvkyfxm;wJProtocol
h wpfcyk jJ zpfygw,f/tJ'CDP D (Cisco Discovery Protocol)
onfCisco uxkwfvkyfxm;wJCisco h Router ESiCiscohf Switch wdrYk mS yg&ydS gw,f/Cisco Discov-
ery Protocol ubmawGvkyfaqmifay;ovJqdk&ifawmhInternetwork xJrSmDirectly csdwfqufxm;wJh
Cisco Device awGtm;vHk;&JUoufqdkifwJhtaMumif;t&mawGudkazmfjyay;Edkifygw,f/Cisco Dis-
covery Protocol onfLayer 2 Protocol wpfcjk zpfygw,f/tJ'DCisco Discovery Portocol
(CDP) onfCisco Device awGjzpfwhJCisco Router'grr S [kwCisco
f Switch tp½Swd Device
hJ
awGBoot jyefwufwt hJ cdserf mS tjrw
J rf;tvkyv f yk af erSmjzpfygw,f/
tu,fíuRefawmfwdkYuCisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) udktoHk;rjyKcsifbl;qdk&ifawmh
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
 - 60 -
olYudkydwfxm;vdkufvdkY&ygw,f/uRefawmfwdkYuCisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) udktoHk;jyKr,f
qd&k ifjzifCDP h &JUvkyfaqmifcsufuInternetwork xJrSmcsdwfqufxm;wJDevice h awGtm;vHk;eJY
oufqdkifwJhtaMumif;t&mawGudkazmfjyay;EdkifwJhtwGufaMumifhNetwokr Administrator awG
twGufInternetwork rsm;udTroubleshooting k vkyfaqmifwmawGManage vkyfwmawG[m
ydrk jkd refqefaprSm jzpfygw,f/
aumif;Ny.D ./'Dvq kd &kd ifuReaf wmfwaYkd wGCisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) udktoHk;jyKwJh
tcgrmS CDP azmfjyay;wJhtaMumif;t&mawGubmawGvJqdk&ifawmhDevice awG&JUHostname,
Interface Name ESiRoute hf vrf;aMumif;awGuazmf kd jyay;wmyJjzpfygw,f/uJ..'gq&kd ifCisco
Discovery Protocol (CDP) qdw k mbmvJqw kd mudem;vnf
k r,fvxYkd ifygw,f/'gaMumifhCDP udk
b,fvt kd oH;k cs&r,fqw kd mudk qufjy;D azmfjyvdu k yf gw,f/

3.10 CDP udk toH;k jyKykH

tckazmfjyay;r,ftcef h ;uawmhCDP udkb,fvdktoHk;jyK&rvJqdkwmudkazmfjyay;rSmyJ

jzpfygw,f/tJ'aD wmhuReaf wmfwaYkd wGCisco Router ?'grrS [kwfCisco Switch wdkYrSmCDP udk
b,fvt kd oH;k jyK&r,fqw kd command
hJ awGudkavhvmMu&atmif../'gaMumifhuRefawmfatmufrSm
Diagram av;wpfcu k azmf
kd jyxm;ygw,f/tJ'aD zmfjyxm;wJDiagram
h av;twdkif;CDP udkb,fvdk
toHk;jyK&r,fqdkwmudk azmfjyay;vdkufygw,f/

yHk 3.8

Product of YOUTH
 - 61 -
tckuReaf wmfwaYkd wG[mCDP udktoHk;jyKNyD;Internetwork xJrmS ½Sad ewJCisco
h Device
awG&UJ tcsut
f vufawGuMkd unfrh ,fq&kd iftoH;k jyK&r,fhCommand uawmh" show cdp "
Command udktoHk;jyK&rSmyJjzpfygw,/fatmufrSmuRefawmfCommand udktoHk;jyK&r,fhyHkpHudk
azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

yHk 3.9

uRefawmfwdkYurdrd&JUInternetwork xJrSmwdkuf½dkufcsdwfqufxm;wJhCisco De-

vice awG&JUHostname, b,fInterface awGecs YJ w
d q
f ufxm;wmvJESiCisco
hf Device Series
awGuMkd unfch siw
f ,fq&kd iftoH;k jyK&r,fCommand
h uawmh" show cdp neighbors " qdkwJh
Command udktoHk;jyK&rSmjzpfygw,f/atmufrSmazmfjyay;xm;wJCommand
h av;udkMunfhvdkufyg/

Router#show cdp neighbours

yHk 3.10

uRefawmfwdkYawGonfrdrd&JU Router eJtj

Y cm;Cisco Router awG&JUb,fInterface awGeYJ
wdu
k ½f u
kd cf sw
d x
f m;vJ?'grrS [kwb,f
f Interface awGuDown jzpfaevJ?Up jzpfaevJqw kd mudk
Munfch siwf ,fq&kd iftoH;k jyK&r,fCommand
h uawmh" show cdp interface " qdkwCommand
Jh
udktoHk;jyK&rSmjzpfygw,f/'Dae&mrSmuRefawmfwdkUodxm;&rSmuInterface awGUp jzpfaew,fqw kd m
onfNetwork csw d q
f ufrtqif
I ajyvdUp
Yk jzpfaewmyJjzpfjy;D ?Down jzpfaewJhInterface qd&k if
awmhnetwork csdwfqufrIjywfawmufaevdkYyJjzpfygw,f/atmufrSmuRefawmf" show cdp inter-
Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)
 - 62 -
face " Command toHk;jyKyHkudkazmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

RouterA#show cdp interface

yHk 3.11

uRefawmfwdkYawGonfrdrd&JUCisco Router eJDirectly

Y csdwfqufxm;wJNeighbor
h Router
awG&JUInformation awG?Interface awGEiS IP hf Address awGudkod&ifawmhtoHk;jyK&r,fCom-
h
mand uawmh" show cdp entry " qdkwCommand Jh udtoH
k ;k jyK&rSmjzpfygw,f/Command
toHk;jyKyHkudk uRefawmfatmufrSm azmfjyay;ygw,f/

RouterA#show cdp entry RouterB

yHk 3.12

Product of YOUTH
 - 63 -
tckuReaf wmfCDP udkb,fvdkrsdK;toHk;jyK&rvJqdkwmudkazmfjyNyD;oGm;ygNyD/'gayod
uRefawmfwdkYuCDP udtoHk ;k rjyKcsib
f ;l /ydwcf siw
f ,fqd&k ifawmhtoH;k jyK&r,fCommand
h u
" no cdp run " qdkwCommand
Jh yJjzpfygw,f/¤if;Command udktoHk;jyKr,fqdk&ifawmhuRefawmfwdkY
odxm;&rSmuCisco Device xJrmS yg½adS ewJCDP h Protocol udktvkyfrvkyfEdkifatmifydwfxm;
vdkufwmyJjzpfygw,f/uRefawmfatmufrSmCommand toHk;jyKyHkudkazmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

RouterA#no cdp run

yHk 3.13

tckuReaf wmfCDP eJYyufowfNyD;aemufqHk;taeeJCommand

Y av;wpfckudk
xyfaz:jyay;vku
d yf gw,f/¤if;Command uawmhCisco Device xJrSmyg½SdwInterface
Jh wpfckxJrSmyJ
CDP udktoHk;rjyKEdkifatmifoD;oefYydwfxm;wJCommand
h yJjzpfygw,f/

yHk 3.14

Road to CCNA (Exam 640-802)

 - 64 -

Product of YOUTH