3.1.

Gas Turbine Overview

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 3.1.1 GAS TURBINE OVERVIEW

3.1.1.1. Gas Turbine Longitudinal Section

In the MHPS M701F Gas Turbine, a 17-stage high efficiency axial compressor with
variable Inlet Guide Vanes (1Gr) is adopted. A combustion chamber consists of
twenty (20) combustors arranged in a circular pattern around the machine axis. The
turbine section consists of four (4) stage blades of reaction type. The Gas Turbine
features a high temperature turbine, along with many features derived during the
evolution of MHPS Gas Turbine fleet. The turbine blades incorporate an advanced
cooling system. The blades are coated to improve resistance against corrosion and
mechanical wear. The turbine blades rotate clockwise when viewed from the inlet
towards flow.
Air from atmosphere is drawn into the compressor through the inlet air filter system,
inlet manifold and inlet casing. In the compressor section, the air is compressed and
forcibly fed into the combustor section.
Fuel is burned along with pressurized air in the combustors. The hot gas produced in
the combustor system is designed to minimize NOx formation.
The hot gas is delivered into the turbine. The turbine section converts the high
pressure and high temperature gas energy into mechanical kinetic energy. A portion
of this kinetic energy is used to drive the compressor, and the remaining energy is
used to drive the generator and exciter.
The gas from turbine is exhausted through the exhaust diffuser and axial exhaust
manifold. The exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the HRSG (Heat
Recovery Steam Generator) stack and silencer.
To assure good starting characteristics of gas turbine, interstage air bleeds are fitted
in the 6th and 11th stages of the compressor. Bleed line valves are opened during
startup, and are closed before the turbine reaches synchronous speed.

Compressor Combustor Turbine Exhaust

Section Section Section Diffuser

Air Flow

Compressor Turbine Exhaust

Inlet Manifold Support Support Manifold Exhaust
Support

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 The alignment of the gas turbine and generator or steam turbine is maintained by the
combination of the two (2) supports. The compressor side is rigid support while
turbine side is flexible support, which allows axial thermal growth.
The MHPS M701F Gas Turbine has many superior design features. These are
derived from the family of MHPS Gas Turbine models and proven by many hours of
successful operation. These features include the following:
 Cold end generator drive, which eliminates the need for a flexible coupling.
 Horizontally split casings to facilitate field maintenance with the rotor in place.
 Two (2) bearing rotor with the compressor and turbine rotor joined by spindle
bolts.
 Variable inlet guide vanes (IGV) control the exhaust temperature for heat
recovery applications and improve starting characteristics.
 Compressor diaphragms and dovetail rooted compressor blades, which are
removable with the rotor in place.
 Three (3) compressor extraction ports for turbine cooling. Two of the ports are
also used to bleed air off the compressor to avoid surge during starting.
 The Combustor Baskets and Transitions are removable without lifting the
cylinder covers.
 Turbine rotor discs are connected together in a CURVIC coupling arrangement
and special bolting. (Spindle bolts)
 The turbine blades are fir-tree rooted design. These blades can be removed
with the rotor still in the case.
 The turbine blade rings can be removed and inspected without removal of the
rotor.
 The Stage 1 vanes are removable without lifting the cylinder cover.
 Tangential struts in exhaust cylinder are designed to allow rotation of the
bearing housing. In case of thermal growth, tangential struts maintain rotor
alignment.
 Compressor blade locking can be observed. Make sure that the compressor
blade and disc are locked in their position.
 Blade rings in the compressor section provides flexibility to control clearance
between cylinder and rotor.
 Pre-mixed combustor system, which reduces formation of NOx.
 The bolted compressor rotor design increases the rotor dynamic stability margin
as well as facilitates the fabrication and maintenance of the rotor.
 Turbine flow path is designed utilizing a fully three-dimensional flow analysis.
 Journal bearings consisting of two (2)-element tilting pad bearings for load
carrying and an upper half of fixed bearing to eliminate top pad fluttering
concerns and related local babbitt springing problems.
 Direct lubricated thrust bearing to reduce the required oil flow and the
associated mechanical loses.
 Integral shrouds are applied to the turbine third and fourth stage blades. It will
minimize the potential for flow induced non-synchronous vibration.

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  Use of segmented isolation rings in the turbine vane segment support scheme
to minimize blade ring distortion.
 State-of-the-art turbine blade and vane segment cooling schemes are provided
to increase reliability and overall engine efficiency.

IMPORTANT
• Use temporary covers to seal all openings of the dismantled
sections during disassembly and reassembly. The temporary
covers will prevent foreign objects from entering the turbine.
• Use specified lifting equipment only to lift the specific
components.
• Lifting rigs must be maintained in an “as new” condition.
• Inspect all rigging equipment before use.
• Do not use the equipment that are cracked, worn, misused,
overloaded, corroded, deformed, or intentionally modified for
other uses.

CAUTION
 GT cylinder must be lift up with suitable standard equipment in a
proper way. For details, refer to the maintenance manual. There
is a potential falling object hazard.
 Do not open the manhole at the inlet manifold during operation.
There is a possibility of sucking surrounding foreign objects.

CAUTION
Do not enter the GT enclosure during GT operation. In case of
entering the enclosure during GT operation, beware the following
points:
- Very hot at the machine surface; Wear suitable protective
clothing and equipment. Do not touch the machine surface.
- Loud noise; Wear earplugs. Do not stay inside of the enclosure
for a long time.
- Continuous vibration; Do not stay inside of the enclosure for a
long time.
- Mechanical movement; Do not approach the igniter, actuator
and other related and other energized parts.

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