Jawapan Lengkap Riang Belajar KSSM Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

BAB 4 7 49
loga 4.9 = log2
10
SECTION A BAHAGIAN A = log2
72
2×5
( 548 ) = ( 274 )
x x
1 = log2 72 – log2 2 – log2 5
= 2 log2 7 – log2 2 – log2 5
= ( )
2
2 x
3 = 2b – 1 – a
3

x 2
(2 )
=
8 [( ) ]
1
(3 ) x 3 m m 5
= logaloga × m2n3 7
p 2 n n 2

= = p2q–3
q3 1
= loga
7
m 5
n2
× m2n3[( ) ]
2 25n + 52(n + 1) + 25n + 1 = (52n) + (52n)(52) + (52n)(52)
= 52n(1 + 25 + 25)
=
1
7
m
n [ ( )
loga 2 5 + loga m2n3 ]

n 2
= 51(5n)2 =
1
7
m
n [
5 loga 2 + loga m2n3 ]
51(5 ) is divisible by 51. / 51(5n)2 adalah boleh dibahagi oleh 51. 1
= (5x + y)
1 1 1
7
3 6 2 n × 12 n + 1 × 27 – 2 n ÷ 32 2 n
1
n
1 1 9 log ( 9b8 ) = log 9 + log b – log 8
b b b b
= (2 × 3) 2 × (22 × 3)n + 1 × (33)– 2 n ÷ (25) 2 n
= logb 32 + logb b – logb 223
1 1 3 5
= 2 2 n × 3 2 n × 2 2(n + 1) × 3n + 1 × 3– 2 n ÷ 2 2 n = 2 logb 3 + logb b – 3 logb 2
1 5 1 3 = 2k – 3h + 1
= 2 2 n + 2(n + 1) – 2 n × 3 2 n + n + 1 – 2
n

= 22 × 3 = 12 10
3 1 1
log2 16 + 2 log2 3 + log2 8 + 2 log2 10 + log2 9 –1og2 135 – 1og2 5
4 3
3 1
2 1
3n n 3n
1 –
= log2 (24) 4 + log2 32 + log2 (23) 3 + 1og2 102 + log2 (32) 2 – 1og2 135 – 1og2 5
4 25n × n × 5 2 = (5n)2 × 125 2 ×52
125 2
–
n 3n 23 × 32 × 2 × 100 × 3
= (5n)2 × (53) 2 ×52 = log2
3n 3n
135 × 5
–
= (5n)2 × 5 2 ×5 2 23 + 1 × 32 + 1 × (4 × 25)
= log2
n 2 –
3n 3n
+ 33 × 25
= (5 ) × 5 2 2
= log2 26
= (5n)2 × 5 = 6 log2 2
= (5n)2 = 6
n 2
(5 ) > 0, hence (5n)2 is always positive. 11 log 25 × log 7 × log
5 3 7 3
(5n)2 > 0, maka (5n)2 adalah sentiasa positif. log5 25 log5 7 log5 3
= × ×
1og5 5 1og5 3 1og5 7
5 1
2 log10 x + 2 =
log y
2 10 = log5 52
1 = 2
1og10 y – 2 log10 x = 2
2
1
1og10 y 2 – 1og10 x 2 = 2 12 5P + 1
42 – P
= 400P
1
y2 5(5P) × (4 –2)(4P) = (202)P
1og10 = 2 5
x2 (5 × 4)P = (20P)2
1 16
y2 5
= 100 (20P) = (20P )2
x2 16
1 5
y2 Therefore 20P =
x 2 = 16
100 5
log20 20P = log20
1 16
y2 5
x = log10 16
100 P =
1 1og10 20
y4
x = – 0.5051
10 =
1.301

1 1
x = y 4
10
= –0.3882

6
loga 72 = loga (8 × 9) 13 log3 9x 2
logx 9x 2 =
1og3 x
= loga (23 × 32) log3 32 + log3 x 2
= loga 23 + loga 32 = u
= 3 loga 2 + 2 loga 3 2 + 2u
= u
= 3p + 2q
14 log (27a
b )
9 = log 27 + log a – log b
9 9 9

log3 27 log3 a log3 b

= + –
1og3 9 1og3 9 1og3 9
3 m n
= + –
2 2 2

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x + 1 = 0
125
x = –1

15 log√ 3
125 log3 9
9
=
1og3 √ 3 23 log9 x = log3 6
(√ 5 )6 log3 x
log3 32 = log3 6
1og3 9
= 1
1og3 3 2 log3 x
= log3 6
6 log3 √ 5 – 2 1og3 3 2
= 1 log3 x = 2 log3 6
1og3 3
2 log3 x = log3 62
6p – 2
= 1 x = 36

= 12p – 4
2
24 log4 ab = 4 – log4 a + 2 log4 b
log4 ab + log4 a – 2 log4 b = 4
16 log3 P – log9 Q = 2 log4
ab × a
= 4
log3 Q b2 2
1og3 P – = 2 a
1og3 9 = 44
b
log3 Q 2
a = 256b
1og3 P – = 2
2 1og3 3 a = 16√ b
1
1og3 P – 1og3 Q = 2

2
1og3 P – log3 Q 2 = 2
1 25 1 + log2 (2x + 3) = log2 6x

P log2 (2x + 3) – log2 6x = –1

1og3 1 = 2 (2x + 3)
= 2–1
Q2 6x
P 2 2(2x + 3) = 6x
1 = 3
4x + 6 = 6x
Q2
P 2x = 6
= 9 x = 3
√Q
P = 9√ Q

17 273x –1 = 95x SECTION B / BAHAGIAN B
(33)3x –1 = (32)5x
1 (a) log3 1.5 = log3
3
2
9x – 3 = 10x
= log3 3 – log3 2
x = –3
= 1 – 0.631

18 3x
343 = 49 2x + 5

= 0.369
(b) log5 50 = log5 (52 × 2)
(73)3x = (72)2x + 5
= log5 52 + log5 2
79x = 74x + 10
log3 2
9x = 4x + 10 =2+
1og3 5
5x = 10
x = 2 0.631
=2+
1.465

19 62x – 3 = 9x


= 2 + 0.4307
= 2.4307
log10 62x – 3 = log10 9x
(2x – 3) log10 6 = x log10 9
2x log10 6 – 3 log10 6 = x log10 9
2 (a) log10 a = 100 log10 2
log10 (log10 a) = log10 (100 log10 2­)
2x log10 6 – x log10 9 = 3 log10 6
log10 (log10 a) = log10 (10)2log10 2
x(2 log10 6 – log10 9) = 3 log10 6
log10 (log10 a) = 2 log10 2
3 log10 6 log10 a = 4
x =
2 1og10 6 – 1og10 9 a = 104
= 3.877
a = 10 000
(b) 9 y . 302y – 2 = 90 y . 32y – 1

20 25(52n + 1) = 125n log10(9 y . 302y – 2) = log10 (90y . 32y – 1)
52(52n + 1) = 53n log10 9 y + log10 302y – 2 = log10 90 y + log10 32y – 1
52n + 1 + 2 = 53n y log10 9 + (2y – 2)[log10 (3 × 10)] = y log10 (9 × 10) + (2y – 2)(log10 3)
2n + 3 = 3n y log10 9 + 2y log10 3 + 2y log10 10 – 2 log10 3 – 2 log10 10

n = 3 = y log10 9 + y log10 10 + 2y log10 3 – log10 3
y log10 10 = log10 3 + 2

21 274x + 2 = x + 7
√9
1
y = 0.477 + 2
4x + 2 1 = 2.477
27 = 1
(9x + 7) 2
1 3 y = axb
(33)4x + 2 = 1 x = 4, y = 6 6 = a(4b) …… 
[(32)x + 7] 2 x = 25, y = 15 15 = a(25b) …… 
12x + 6 1 15 25b
3 = x+7  ÷  = b
3 6 4
12x + 6 = – (x + 7)
12x + x = – 7 – 6

25 b 5
4
= ( )
2
x = –1

5 2b 5
2
= ( )
2

22 5x + 2 + 5x + 3 = 30 2b = 1
5x . 52 + 5x . 53 = 30 b =
1
25(5x) + 125(5x) = 30 2

x
150(5 ) = 30
5x + 1 = 50

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 1 2
Subtitute / Gantikan b = into / ke dalam  + log3 x = 3
2 1og3 x
1
6 = a(4 2 ) 2 + (log3 x)2 = 3 log3 x
6 (log3 x)2 – 3 log3 x + 2 = 0
a = = 3
2 (log3 x – 1)(log3 x – 2) = 0
log3 x = 1 or / atau log3 x = 2
1 2
x = 31 or / atau x = 32
4 Area of triangle / Luas segi tiga = × (2x – 1) × 2(x – 2)
2 x = 3 or / atau x = 9
Area of square / Luas segi empat sama = (2x – 2)2
1

2
(2x – 2)2 = × 2x – 1 × 2(x – 2)
( 49 )
r
2 8 (a) 2P =
2
22(x – 2) = 2x – 2 + (x – 2)
( 49 )
r
2(x – 2) = x – 2 + (x – 2)2
log2 2P = log2

2(x – 2) = x – 2 + x2 – 4x + 4 p log2 2 = r(log2 22 – log2 32)
x2 – 5x + 6 = 0
p = r(2 – 2 log2 3) …… 
(x – 2)(x – 3) = 0
x = 2 or / atau x = 3 3q = ( )
4 r
9
5 (a) 2 log a + 1 = log (9a – 2) log3 3q = log3
4 r
9 ( )
log a2 + 1 = log (9a – 2) q log3 3 = r(log3 22 – log3 32)
log (9a – 2) – log a2 = 1
q = r(2 log3 2 – 2)
9a – 2
log = 1
a2
9a – 2
q = 2r (1og 2
1og 3
– 1)
2

= 101 q
2

a2 1
– 1 =
9a – 2 = 10a2 1og23 2r
10a – 9a + 2 = 0
2 1 q
= + 1
(2a – 1)(5a – 2) = 0 1og23 2r
1 2 2r
a= or / atau a = log2 3 = …… 
2 5 q + 2r
Substitute / Gantikan  into / ke dalam 
(b)
1
2
3 p = [
p = r 2 – 2
2r
q + 2r( )]

p log 3 = log 2– 1 2r p
–1og2 1– =
q + 2r 2r
p = = –0.6309
1og3 q + 2r – 2r p
=
2 q + 2r 2r
3 p =
5 q(2r) = p(q + 2r)
p log 3 = log 2 – log 5 2qr = pq + 2pr
1og 2 – log 5 r(2q – 2p) = pq
p = pq
1og 3 r =
2(p – q)
= –0.834
1og2 26 . 1og2 2n
(b) log2 n . logn 64 . 1og8 2n = log2 n .
1og2 n 1og2 23
6 y
x
= 2 + 2 log2 x
2 log 2
= log2 n .
6 . 1og2 2n


y 2
( )
log2 x – log2 x = 2 2

= 6 ×
1og2 n
1og2 2 + 1og2 n
3

y2 1
(
log2 2 × 2 = 2
x x ) = 2(1 + log2 n)
3

y2 2(1 + log2 n) = 10
= 22
x4 1 + log2 n = 5
y
x2
2
( )
= 22

log2 n = 4
n = 24 = 16
y
=2
x2
y = 2x2 ……  9 (a) log 2y = l + log (20 – 3y)
2y2 – 6y = 20x2 log 2y – log(20 – 3y) = l
10x – y2 + 3y = 0 …… 
2 2y
log = 1
Substitute / Gantikan  into / ke dalam  20 – 3y
5(y) – y2 + 3y = 0 2y
= 10
y2 – 8y = 0 20 – 3y
y(y – 8) = 0 2y = 200 – 30y
y = 0 or / atau y = 8 32y = 200
When / Apabila y = 0, x = 0 y = 6.25
8 (b) 10 . 2x – 8 = 2 . 4x
When / Apabila y = 8, x = =2 5 . 2x – 4 = 4x
2
The solutions are x = 2, y = 8 / Penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = 8. 5 . 2x – 4 = (22)x
(2x)2 – 5 . 2x + 4 = 0
7 (a) (i) 1 985 – 1 970 = 15 years / tahun (2x – 1)(2x – 4) = 0
12 000(1.03)15 = RM18 695 2x = 1 or / atau 2x = 4
(ii) 12 000(1.03)t = 21 000 x = 0 x = 2
t2 + t
(1.03)t =
21 000 (c) t log2 2 – t + log2 4 = 8
12 000 –t t
log2 (2 ) + log2 4
t2 + t
= 8
t log10 1.03 = 1og10 1.75 – t2 t2 + t
log2 (2 × 4 ) = 8
1og10 1.75 – t2 t2 + t
t = 2 × (22) = 28
1og10 1.03 – t 2 + 2t 2 + 2t
2 = 28
= 18.93 t 2 + 2t
= 19 years / tahun 2 = 28
1 970 + 19 = 1 989 t + 2t = 8
2

(b) logx 9 + log3 x = 3 t2 + 2t – 8 = 0

1og3 9 (t + 4)(t – 2) = 0
+ log3 x = 3 t = –4 or / atau t = 2
1og3 x

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 4 ± √ 52

=6
10 (a) 16x – 1 = 1
(x – 1)log10 16 = log10 1 4 + √ 52 4 – √ 52
= or / atau
(x – 1)log10 16 = 0 6 6
x – 1 = 0 = 1.869 or / atau –0.535
x = 1 2x = 1.869 or / atau –0.535
1og10 1.869 1og10 – 0.525
(b) 2 log3 p = log3 48 – 1 x = or / atau (ignore) / (abaikan)
log10 2 log10 2
log3 p2 – log3 48 = –1 x = 0.90
p2
= 3–1
48 14 (a) h = 3P log3 h = p
1
p2 = × 48 = 16
3 k = 2q log2 k = q 1
p = 4 1og2 k 1og3 h 2
log4 k – log3 √ h = –
(c) log2 2x = 2 + 1og2(x – 4) log2 4 log3 3
log2 2x – 1og2(x – 4) = 2 1 1
= q – p
2x 2 2
log2 = 2 1
x–4 = (q – p)
2x 2
= 22 (b) (i) log2 (x – 3) = 2
x–4
2x = 4x – 16 (x – 3) = 22
2x = 16
x – 3 = 4
x = 8 x = 7
2
(ii) log2 (2y – 11) = log2 84 – 2
11 (a) 4 (3n) + 3n – 2 – 3n + 1 = 4 (3n) + (3–2)(3n) – 3(3n) log2 (2y 2 – 11) – log2 84 = –2
( 1
= 3n 4 + – 3
9 )
2y2 – 11
84
= 2–2
30 9
1
= 1 (3n)
9 2y2 – 11 = (84)
1
4
3n = × 2
2y = 21 + 11
9 10
3n = 3 y2 = 32 ÷ 2
n = 1 y = √ 16
(b) log2 [log2 (2x + 3)] = 1og3 9 y = 4
log2 [log2 (2x + 3)] = 1og3 32 15 (a) 2x . 16y = 128
log2 (2x + 3) = 22 log2 (2x . 16y) = log2 128

(2x + 3) = 16 x log2 2 + y log2 16 = log2 27
x = 6.5 x + 4y = 7
1
x = 7 – 4y …… 
12 (a) logp 8√ p = logp 8 + logp p 2 32y 1
=
4(2x – 1) y 32
1og2 23 1 32 . 32 = 4(2x – 1)
= +
1og2 p 2
log2 32 . 32y = log2 4(2x – 1)

3 1
= y +
2


log2 25 + log2 (25) y = log2 (22 )(2x – 1)
5 + 5y = 4x – 2
6+y 4x = 7 + 5y …… 
=
2y
Substitute / Gantikan  into / ke dalam 
(b) logp 3k – logp 3 = 0
4(7 – 4y) = 7 + 5y
3k 28 – 16y = 7 + 5y
logp = 0
3
k = p0 21y = 21
k = 1 y = 1
(c) log2 70 = log2 (2 × 5 × 7) Substitute / Gantikan y = 1 into / ke dalam 
1og7 (2 × 5 × 7) x = 7 – 4(1) = 3
= (b) log (2x + 6) = 1 + log (2x – 1)
1og7 2
log (2x + 6) – log (2x – 1) = 1
1og7 2 + 1og7 5 + log7 7 2x + 6
= = 10
1og7 2 2x – 1
2x + 6 = 20x – 10
=
0.356 + 0.827 + 1
0.356
= 6.132 18x = 16
8
x =
13 (a) 2x . 9x = 21 –x . 3x – 1 9

(2 × 9)x = 21 –x . ( ) 1 1–x
3

= ( )
2 1–x
3
= ( )( )
2 . 3 x
3 2
( )
x
18 ÷
3 x 2
2
=
3
( )
18 ×
2 x 2
3
=
3
x 2
12 =
3
4
(b) 4x – 1 = (2x )
3
4
(22)x – 1 = (2x )
3
3(2x )2 – 4(2x ) – 3 = 0
By / Dengan a = 2x
3a2 – 4a – 3 = 0
By using / Dengan menggunakan
–b ± √ b – 4ac
2
x =
2a
– (–4) ± √ (–4)2 – 4(3)(–3)
a =
2(3)

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