Regulation of respiration

Nervous Centres
-control rate,rhythm and force of respiration
-Bilaterally situated in reticular formation of brainstem
1) Medullary centres
--dorsal and ventral group of respiratory neurons.
----dorsal group (inspiratory centre, inspiratory neurons)
--diffusely situated in nucleus of tractus solitarius in upper part of medulla
oblongata
--Autorythmic property generate inspiratory ramp
--responsible for basic inspiratory rhythm
--upon electrical simulation it gives prolonged inspiration
----ventral group
--present in nucleus ambiguous and retroambiguous – situated lateral and
anterior to nucleus of tractus solitarious
--called expiratory centre but has both inspiratory and expiratory neurons
--inspiratory is in central area and expiratory is in caudal and raustral area
--inactive during quiet breathing and active during forced breathing stimulates
both inspiratory and expiratory muscles
2) Pontiac centers
----Apneustic center