As we know that there are six Trigonometric functions of angles and their names are

1. Sine
2. Cosine
3. Tangent
4. Cotangent
5. Secant
6. Cosecant

These functions are in relation to the right triangle in the following ways:
In a right triangle ABC,

Sin A = Perpendicular/ Hypotenuse

Cos A = Base/ Hypotenuse

Tan A = Perpendicular/ Base

Cot A = Base/ Perpendicular

Cosec A = Hypotenuse/Perpendicular

Sec A = Hypotenuse/ Base

Formula of 2cosacosb
We know that,
cos (A+B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B ….. (1)
cos (A-B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B ….. (2)
Adding 1 and 2, we get
cos (A+B) + cos (A-B) = 2 cos A cos B.

Solved Examples
Example 1: Prove that cos 2x cos x2−cos 3x cos 9x2=sin 5x sin 5x2
Solution:
LHS=cos 2x cos x2−cos 3x cos 9x2=12[2cos 2x cos x2−2cos 3x cos 9x2]
Using the formula 2 cos x cos y = cos (x + y) + cos (x – y),
=12[cos(2x+x2)+cos(2x−x2)−cos(9x2+3x)−cos(9x2−3x)] =12[cos5x2+cos3x2−cos15x2−cos3x
2]=12[cos5x2−cos15x2] =12[−2 sin5x2+15x22 sin5x2−15x22]=−sin 5x sin(−5x2)=sin 5x sin 5x2 =RHS
Hence, proved that cos 2x cos x2−cos 3x cos 9x2=sin 5x sin 5x2
Example 2: Express 6 cos x cos 2x in terms of sum function.
Solution:
Consider,
6 cos x cos 2x
= 3 [2 cos x cos 2x]
Using the formula 2 cos x cos y = cos (x + y) + cos (x – y),
= 3[cos (x + 2x) + cos (x – 2x)] = 3[cos 3x + cos (-x)] = 3 [cos 3x + cos x]