`m-​Kw- c-ïv

hn-hm-l-hpw-
Zm-¼-Xy-hpw-

hn-i-¸pw- Zm-l-hpw- -t]m-se -ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-c-

hpw- a-\p-jy-sâ i-co-c- Xr-jvW-bm-Wv. hn-i-¸pw- Zm-
l-hpw- i-an-¸n-¡m-³- B-lm-c- ]m-\o-b-§-Ä- -t]m-
se¯s¶ -ssew-Kn-I- Xr-jvWsb Xr-]vXns¸Sp-
¯m-\pw- kw-hn-[m-\-ap-ïm-I-Ww-. A-Xn-\p- km-[n-
¨nsæn-Â- Gsd-t¸cpw- A-kz-kvY-cpw- A-kw-Xr-]v
X-cp-am-bn-cn-¡pw-. Zm-¼-Xy-Po-hn-Xw- i-co-c-¯n-sâbpw- a
-\-Ên-sâbpw- B-h-iy-§-Ä- ]q-À-¯o-I-cn-¡m-³-
A-h-kcsamcp-¡p-¶p-. kp-J-ZpഃJ-ap-Äs¸-sS
ka-kvX- hn-Im-c-§-fpw- C-W-I-Ä-¡v ]-c-kv]-cw-
]-¦psh¡m-³- km-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-Â- a-\-Ên-sâ k½-À-Z-
a-I-än- kz-kvY-X- k½m-\n-¡p-¶p-. kv-t\lw-, Im-cp-Wyw-,
hm-Õeyw-, Z-b-, A-\p-I-¼- Xp-S-§n-b- B-ßo-b- hn-Im-c-
§-fpsS ]-c-kv]-c- -ssIam-ä-§-fn-eqsS A-hm-Ny-am-b-
B-ß-\n-À-hr-Xn-bpw- e-`n-¡p-¶p-.
-ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-cw- ]q-À-¯o-I-cn-¡m-\p-Å- hn-ln-X-
am-b- am-À-K-am-Wv hn-hm-lw-. A-Xn-\m-Â- kaq-l-¯n-sâ
kmw-kvIm-cn-I- aq-ey-§-fpw- kZm-Nm-c- hn-ip-²n-bpw- kw-
c-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-Â- hn-hm-lw- A-\-Â-]-am-b- ]-¦p-h-ln-
¡p-¶p-. AtXm-sSm¸w- kv{Xo-bpsS am-Xr-X-z- hn-Im-
cs¯bpw- ]p-cp-j-sâ ]n-Xr-X-z- hn-Im-cs¯bpw- A-Xv
Xr-]vXns¸Sp-¯p-¶p-.
A-XpsImïp-Xs¶ {]-Ir-Xn- a-X-am-b- C-kvem-
an-Â- -ssew-Kn-I-X- ]m-]-a-Ã-, F-¶-Ã-; hn-ln-X-am-b- am-
À-K-¯n-eqsSbp-Å- A-Xn-sâ ]q-À-¯o-I-c-Ww- a-c-
Wm-\-´-c- Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- {]-Xn-^-em-À-l-am-b- ]p-
Wy-I-À-aw- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. A-XpsImïp-Xs¶ C-kvemw-
k\ym-k-s¯-tbm {_-Ò-N-cys¯-tbm Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-
¶n-Ã-.
{]-hm-N-I-³- ]-d-ªp-: “C-kvem-an-Â- k\ym-kan-Ã-.”
{]-hm-N-I- in-jy-³- A-\-kv ]-d-bp-¶p-: “{]-hm-N-I-³-
R-§tfmSv hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡m-³- I-Â-]n-¨p-. {_-Ò-N-
cy-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-Xv i-àn-bm-bn- hntcm[n-¡p-I-bpw-
-sNbvXp-.”
hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡m-³- I-Â-¸n-¨- {]-hm-N-I-³-, H-cm-Ä-
hn-hm-lw- -sN¿p-¶tXm-sS a-X-¯n-sâ ]m-Xn- ]q
-À-¯o-I-cn-¨-Xm-bn- ]-d-bp-I-bp-ïm-bn-. hn-ip-²n- hn-
Nm-cn-¨v hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡p-¶-hs\ klm-bn-¡m-³-
-ssZhw- _m-[y-kvY-\msW¶v At±lw- A-dn-bn-
¡p-¶p-. hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡m-³- I-gn-hp-ïm-bn-cns¡
A-Xpt]£n-¡p-¶-h-³- X-sâ N-cysb \n-cm-I-cn-¡p-
I-bm-Wv -sN¿p-¶sX¶v ap-l-½-Zv\-_n- Xs¶ hy-à-
am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv.
{]-hm-N-I- in-jy-\m-b- a-kvDu-Zv a-I-³- A-Ðp-Ã-, {]-hm-
N-I-³- C-§s\ ]-d-ª-Xm-bn- A-dn-bn-¡p-¶p- : “bp-
h-kaq-lta, \n-§-fn-Â- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡m-³- I-gn-
hp-Å-h-À- A-§s\ -sN-t¿ï-Xm-Wv. A-Xv I-®ns\
\n-b-{´n-¡pw- -ssew-Kn-I- hn-ip-²n- \n-e-\n-À-¯p-I-bpw-
-sN¿pw-.”

G-ä-hpw- h-en-b- -sXcsªSp-¸v

am-Xm-]n-Xm-¡-Ä-, a-¡-Ä-, k-tlmZ-co- k-tlmZ-c-
·m-À-, ]n-Xm-a-l-·m-À-, am-Xm-a-ln-I-Ä-, am-Xr-k-tlmZ-co-
k-tlmZ-c-·m-À-, ]n-Xr-k-tlmZ-co- k-tlmZ-c-·m-À- -t]
mep-Å-hscÃmw- B-cm-I-Wsa¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¡mt\m
A-hsc -sXcsªSp-¡mt\m D-Å- km-[y-Xtbm kzm-
X-{´ytam B-À-¡p-an-Ã-. F-¶m-Â- X-sâ Po-hn-X- ]-¦m-
fn- B-cm-I-Wsa¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¡m-\pw- -sXcsªSp-
¡m-\p-ap-Å- kzm-X-{´yw- F-Ãm-h-À-¡p-ap-ïv.
AtXm-sSm¸w- hn-hm-lw- -tIh-ew- c-ïp- hy-àn-I-fpsS
Iq-Snt¨c-epw- _-Ôs¸S-epw- am-{X-a-Ã-; a-dn-¨v c-ïv
Ip-Spw-_-§-fpsSbpw- {]tZi-§-fpsSbpw- ]-c-kv]-c-
ap-Å- _-Ô-hpw- Iq-Snt¨c-epw- A-Sp-¡-epw- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.
A-XpsImïp- Xs¶ C-kvem-an-I- ho-£-W-¯n-Â- C-W-
I-fpsS -sXcsªSp-¸v A-Xn-{]-[m-\-am-Wv. hn-hm-l-
¯n-eqsS ]-c-kv]-cw- A-Sp-¡p-I-bpw- _-Ôs¸Sp-
I-bpw- -sN¿p-¶- C-W-I-Äs¡¶- -t]m-se c-ïpt]
cpsSbpw- c-£n-Xm-¡-Ä-¡pw- Ip-Spw-_-¡m-À-¡pw-
A-Xn-Â- ]-¦p-ïm-h-Ww-. hn-hm-lt¯m-sS H-cp- ]n-Xm-
hn-sâ kvYm-\-¯v c-ïv ]n-Xm-¡-fpw- H-cp- am-Xm-hn-sâ
kvYm-\-¯v c-ïv am-Xm-¡-fp-ap-ïm-Ip-¶p-. C-§s\
_-Ôw- C-c-«n-¡p-¶p-. A-Xn-\m-Â- A-h-À-¡n-S-bnse
]-c-kv]-c- [m-c-W-bpw- {]-[m-\-am-Wv. F-¶m-epw- A-´n-a-
hn-i-I-e-\-¯n-Â- ]-cn-K-Wn-¡s¸Sp-I- hn-hm-ln-X-cm-
Ip-¶- h-[q-h-c-·m-cpsS C-ãw- Xs¶bm-Wv.
{]-hm-N-I- in-jy-³- A-Ðp-Ãm-ln-_v\p-_pssdZ-
X-sâ ]n-Xm-hn-Â- \n-¶v D-²-cn-¡p-¶p-: “H-cp- bp-h-
Xn- {]-hm-N-I- k¶n-[n-bn-Â- h-¶p-]-d-ªp-: 'F-sâ
]n-Xm-hv kz-´w- k-tlmZ-c- ]p-{Xs\ -sImïv, F-¶n-
eqsS At±l-¯n-sâ -t]mcm-bva- ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-\m-
bn- Fs¶ hn-hm-lw- -sNbvXp- -sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p-'
At¸mÄ- {]-hm-N-I-³- B- hn-hm-l-¡m-cyw- Xo-cp-am-
\n-¡m-\p-Å- A-h-Im-iw- A-h-Ä-¡p- Xs¶ \-Â-In-.
At¸mÄ- A-h-Ä- ]-d-ªp-:' F-sâ ]n-Xm-hn-sâ {]-hr-
¯n- Rm-³- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-. C-¡m-cy-¯n-Â- ]n-
Xm-¡-·m-À-¡v H-c-[n-Im-c-hp-ansöv kv{Xo-Isf ]-Tn-
¸n-¡-em-Wv F-sâ Dt±iyw-.”

hn-hm-lw-
hn-hm-l- _-Ôw- \n-jn-²-am-b-h-À- BscÃm-
amsW¶v Jp-À-B-³- Xs¶ hy-à-am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv.
-ssZhw- Jp-À-B-\n-Â- ]-d-bp-¶p-: “\n-§-fpsS ]n-
Xm-¡-Ä- hn-hm-lw- -sNbvXn-cp-¶- kv{Xo-Isf
\n-§-Ä- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡-cp-Xv -ap-¼v \-S-¶p-
I-gn-ª-X-ÃmsX-- Xo-À-¨-bm-bpw- A-Xv -t¾O-
am-Wv; -shdp-¡s¸«-Xpw- Zp-À-am-À-K-hp-am-Wv.
\n-§-fpsS am-Xm-¡-Ä-, ]p-{Xn-am-À-, k-tlmZ-cn-am-À-, ]n-
Xr-k-tlmZ-cn-am-À-, am-Xr-k-tlmZ-cn-am-À-, k-tlmZ-c-]p
-{Xn-am-À-, k-tlmZ-co- ]p-{Xn-am-À-, \n-§sf ap-e-bq-
«n-b-h-À-, ap-e-Ip-Sn- _-Ô-¯nse k-tlmZ-cn-am-À-,
\n-§-fpsS `m-cym-am-Xm-¡-Ä- F-¶n-hsc hn-hm-lw-
-sN¿-Â- \n-§-Ä-¡v \n-jn-²-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-.
\n-§-Ä- im-co-cn-I- _-Ô-¯nteÀs¸«- \n-§-fpsS `m-cy-
am-cpsS, \n-§-fpsS kw-c-£-W-¯n-ep-Å- h-f-À-¯p- ]p-
{Xn-amscbpw- \n-§-Ä-¡v hn-e-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p-. A-Y-hm- \n-§-f-h-cp-am-bn- -ssew-Kn-I-
_-Ô-¯nteÀs¸«n-«nsæn-Â- \n-§-Ä-¡-Xn-Â- -sX-
än-Ã-. \n-§-fpsS _o-P-¯n-Â- P-\n-¨- ]p-{X-·m-cpsS
`m-cy-amscbpw- \n-§-Ä-¡v \n-jn-²-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p-. c-ïp- k-tlmZ-cn-amsc H-cp-an-¨p- `m-cy-am-cm-¡p-
¶-Xpw- hn-e-¡s¸«-Xp- Xs¶-. -t\cs¯ kw-`-hn-
¨sXmgnsI. A-Ãm-lp- Gsd -s]mdp-¡p-¶-h-\pw-
Z-bm-]-c-\p-am-Ip-¶p-.”
`-À-¯r-a-Xn-I-fm-b- kv{Xo-I-fpw- \n-§-Ä-¡p-
\n-jn-²-am-Wv. F-¶m-Â- \n-§-fpsS A-[o-\-
X-bn-ep-Å-h-À- C-Xn-Â- \ns¶mgn-hm-Wv. CsX-
Ãmw- \n-§-Ä-¡p-Å- -ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-am-Wv.
C-h-c-Ãm-¯- kv{Xo-Isf-sbÃmw- hn-hm-l-aq-eyw-
\-Â-In- \n-§-Ä-¡v hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.
\n-§-Ä- hn-hm-l-Po-hn-Xw- B-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-cm-I-
Ww-. A-hn-ln-X- -thgvN- Imw-£n-¡p-¶-h-cm-I-cp-Xv.
A-§s\ A-h-cp-am-bn- Zm-¼-Xy- kp-J-am-kz-Zn-¨m-Â- \n-À-
_-Ô-am-bpw- \n-§-f-h-À-¡v hn-hm-l-aq-eyw- \-Â-I-Ww-.
hn-hm-l-aq-eyw- Xo-cp-am-\n-¨- -tijw- \n-§-Ä- ]-c-kv]-c-
k½-Xt¯m-sS h-Ã- hn-«p-ho-gvN-bpw- -sN¿p-¶psh¦n-Â-
A-Xn-Â- -sXän-Ã-. A-Ãm-lp- F-Ãmw- A-dn-bp-¶-h-\pw-
bp-àn-am-\p-am-Wv.” (4 : 22 - 24)

C-kvem-an-Â- hn-hm-lw- h-fsc e-fn-X-am-b- N-S-§m-Wv

c-ïv km-£n-I-fpsS km-¶n-[y-¯n-Â- h-[p-hn-sâ ]n-
Xm-hv 'F-sâ a-Isf C-{X- hn-hm-l-aq-eyw- \n-Ý-bn-¨v
Rm-³- Xm-¦-Ä-¡v hn-hm-lw- -sNbvXp- X-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p-'
F-¶p- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- h-c-³- 'Rm-\-Xv kzo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-
'-sh¶v ]-d-bp-I-bpw- -sN¿p-¶tXm-sS hn-hm-l- I-À-aw- ]q-
À-¯n-bm-bn-. h-[p-hn-sâ kw-c-£tWm¯-c-hm-Zn-¯w-
GsäSp-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ {]-Xo-Isa¶- \n-e-bn-Â- hn-hm-l-
aq-eyw- (a-l-vdv) \n-Ý-bn-¡-Ww-. A-Xv F-{XthWsa¶v
Xo-cp-am-\n-¡m-\p-Å- A-[n-Im-cw- h-[p-hn-\m-Wv. A-Xv
h-[p-hn-\v A-h-Im-is¸«-Xp-am-Wv.
C-§s\ hn-hm-lw- I-gn-bp-¶tXm-sS AtXhsc
Im-a-hn-Im-ct¯m-sS -t\m¡m-³- -t]mepw- ]m-Sn-Ãm-Xn-
cp-¶- kv{Xo- ]p-cp-j-·m-À- Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- kz-Im-cy-X-
I-fpw- ]-c-kv]-c- a-d-bp-an-Ãm-¯- hn-[w- A-Sp-¯n-S-]-g-
Ip-¶- C-W-I-fm-bn- am-dp-¶p-.

Zm-¼-Xyw-
Zm-¼-Xyw- `-{Z-am-bmte Ip-Spw-_w- kw-Xr-]vX-am-
hp-I-bp-Åq-. -s]mcp-¯-ap-Å- Zm-¼-Xy-am-Wv ]-I-z-
am-b- X-e-ap-d-bv¡v -sXm«nsemcp-¡p-¶-Xv. Zm-¼-Xy-
¯nse Xm-f-¸n-g-I-Ä- Ip-Spw-_- L-S-\sb X-I-À-¡pw-.
A-XpsImïp- Xs¶ Zm-¼-Xyw- \-Ã- H-cp- I-e-bm-Wv.
Zm-¼-Xy-¯n-sâ A-Sn-kvYm-\w- kv-t\l-, Im-cp-
Wy-, hm-Õey- hn-Im-c-§-fmsW¶v Jp-À-B-³-
]-d-bp-¶p-. (30:21) kv-t\lw- F-¶- ]-Zw- -t]m
epw- kp-µ-c-am-Wv. A-Xv -tIÄ-hn-¡m-cn-Â- I-u-Xp-I-
ap-W-À-¯p-¶p-. G-h-cpw- In-«m-³- -sImXn-¡p-¶p-.
Po-h-³- \n-e-\n-À-¯m-³- Zm-l-P-ew- -t]m-se Ip-Spw-_-
_-Ô-§-Ä- `-{Z-am-¡m-³- kv-t\lw- A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. lr-
Z-b- I-hm-S-§-Ä- Xp-d-¡m-\p-Å- Xmt¡mem-Wv kv-t\
lw-. kv-t\l-¯n-sâ kzm-[o-\w- A-Xn-cp-I-fn-Ãm-¯-
XmsW¶-À-Yw-. A-Xn-sâ i-àn- A-f-¡m-\m-hm-¯- hn-
[w- A-]m-c-hpw-.
]-e-Xpw- hy-bw- -sNbvXm-Â- £-bw- kw-`-hn-¡pw-.
F-¶m-Â- kv-t\l-¯n-sâ kvYn-Xn- a-dn-¨m-Wv.
A-Xv \-Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\-\p-kcn-¨v Ip-d-bp-I-b-Ã-,
Iq-Sp-I-bm-Wv -sN¿p-I-. -sImSp-¡p-¶-Xnte-
sd Xn-cn-¨p- In-«p-I-bpw- -sN¿pw- .AtXm-sSm
¸w- kv-t\ln-¡s¸Sp-¶-h-À-¡v -thïn- F-´pw- ka-À-
¸n-¡m-\pw- kln-¡m-\pw- B-cpw- k¶-²-am-bn-cn-¡pw-.
A-Xn-\m-em-Wv Zm-¼-Xyw- kv-t\l-¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-
cn-¡-Wsa¶v Jp-À-B-³- ]-d-ª-Xv.
Im-cp-Wy-¯n-sâ kvYn-Xn-bpw- C-Xp- Xs¶. A-Xn-
sâ I-cp-¯v A-]m-c-am-Wv. a-\p-jy- _-Ô-§sf Iq-«n-
bn-W-¡p-¶- i-à-am-b- I-®n-bm-W-Xv. a-\p-jy- a-\-Ên-
sâ G-ä-hpw- hn-ip-²-am-b- hn-Im-c-hpw-.
c-ïp- Po-hn-X-§-Ä- -tNÀ-¶v H-¶m-bn- am-dp-¶- am-kva-
cn-I-hpw- hn-kva-b-I-c-hp-am-b- {]-{In-b-bm-Wv Zm-¼-Xyw-.
c-ïp- a-lm-{]-hm-l-§-Ä- -tNÀ-¶v H-cp- \-Zn-bm-bn- am-
dp-¶- -t]m-se c-ïpt]À- -tNÀ-¶v \-bn-¡p-¶- Hscmä-
Po-hn-X-am-bn- am-dpt¼mgm-Wv Zm-¼-Xyw- Jp-À-B-³- hnti-
jn-¸n-¨-Xv -t]m-sebm-hp-I-. Jp-À-B-³- Z-¼-Xn-Isf
h-kv{Xt¯mSm-Wp-]-an-¨-Xv. -ssZhw- ]-d-bp-¶p-: “kv{Xo-
I-Ä- ]p-cp-j-·m-À-¡p-Å- h-kv{X-am-Wv.]p-cp-j-·m-À-
kv{Xo-I-Ä-¡p-Å- h-kv{X-hpw-.” (2:187)
h-kv{Xw- \s½ Nq-Sn-Â- \n-¶pw- X-Wp-¸n-Â- \n-¶pw-
c-£n-¡p-¶p-. \-½psS -t]mcm-bva-I-Ä- a-d-¨p- -sh¡p-
¶p-. \-½psS Po-hn-Xs¯ at\ml-c-hpw- A-ew-Ir-X-
hp-am-¡p-¶p-. \-½psS hy-àn-X-z- \n-À-W-b-¯n-Â- -t]m
epw- h-kv{X-¯n-\v h-en-b- ]-¦p-ïv. Zm-¼-Xy-hpw- C-§s\-
sbm-s¡bm-h-Wsa¶m-Wv Jp-À-B-³- hn-`m-h-\- -sN¿p-
¶-Xv. Z-¼-Xn-I-Ä- ]-c-kv]-cw- e-bn-¨p- -tNÀ-¶v Po-hn-¡p-
¶-h-cmsW¶v Jp-À-B-³- ]-d-bp-¶p-. (2:187)
Z-¼-Xn-Isf ]-cn-N-bs¸Sp-¯m-³- a-e-bm-f-¯n-Â-
]-d-bm-dp-Å-Xv `m-cym-`-À-¯m-¡-·m-À- F-¶m-Wv.`-
cn-¡p-¶- ]p-cp-j-\pw- `-cn-¡s¸Sp-¶- kv{Xo-
bpsa¶-À-Yw-. C-kvem-an-\v C-Xv Xo-À-¯pw- A-]-
cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. C-W-I-Ä- F-¶m-Wv Jp-À-B-\pw-
{]-hm-N-I-N-cy-bpw- Z-¼-Xn-Isf ]-cn-N-bs¸Sp-¯p-¶-
Xv. “\n-§-fn-Â- \n-¶p- Xs¶ -ssZhw- \n-§-Ä-¡v C-W-
Isf kr-ãn-¨v X-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p-. A-h-cn-eqsS \n-§-Ä-
¡v ]p-{X-·mscbpw- ]-u-{X-·mscbpw- \-Â-In-.” (16:72)
Jp-À-B-\pw- {]-hm-N-I-N-cy-bpw- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-¶- A-[ym-]-
\-§-Ä- A-\p-[m-h-\w- -sNbvXm-Â- Zm-¼-Xyw- kw-Xr-]vX-
hpw- `-{Z-hp-am-Ipsa¶p-d-¸v.