I-hÀ kv-tämdn
{_m³-Unw-Kv ap-XÂ hym-]m-c-ap-{Z h-sc:
_n-kn-\-Êv h-fÀ-¨-bv¡pÅ
Nn-e X-{´-§Ä
H-cp ]p-Xn-b _n-kn-\-Êv H-cp
ÌmÀ-«-¸v A-sÃ-¦n Øm-]n-X
_n-kn-\-Êv B-bn B-cw-`n-¡p-I-
bm-sW-¦nÂ, H-cp \-Ã _n-kn-\-
Êv I¬-kÄ-«ân \n-¶p-Å
k-lm-bw, XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw
_n-kn-\-kn-sâ B-Zy Zn-h-k-§-
fnÂ, an-¡ kw-cw-`-I-cpw
h-cp-¯p-¶ sX-äp-IÄ h-cp-¯m-
Xn-cn-¡m³, \n-§Ä-¡v
H-cp h-en-b
]n-´p-W-bm-bn-cn-¡pw
8 Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf | s^{_phcn 2023
Cover Story
H- cp hym-]m-c-ap-{Z-bn c-Pn-ÌÀ
sN-bv-Xn-«p-Å H-cp i-à-am-b
{_m³-Uv H-cp _n-kn-\-Ên-\v H-cp
aq-ey-h-¯m-b B-kv-Xn-bm-Wv, Im-
c- W w A- X v H- c p \- Ã {]- i - k v - X n
Øm- ] n- ¡ m- \ pw _n- k n- \ - Ê n- s \
A-Xn-sâ F-Xn-cm-fn-I-fn \n-¶v
thÀ-Xn-cn-¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw.
C-Xv D-]-t`m-àr hn-iz-kv-X-X-bpw
hnÂ-¸-\-bpw hÀ-²n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v
C-S-bm-¡pw, C-Xv _n-kn-\-kn-sâ
sam-¯-¯n-ep-Å km-¼-¯n-I hn-
P-b-¯n-\v Im-c-W-am-Ipw.
F- ¶ n- c p- ¶ m- e pw, hn- ] - W - \ w,
DÂ-¸-¶w A-sÃ-¦n tk-h-\ \n-e-
hm-cw, sam-¯-¯n-ep-Å _n-kn-\-
Êv X-{´w F-¶n-h t]m-ep-Å a-äv
L-S-I-§-fpw km-¼-¯n-I hn-P-bw
\nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn {]-[m-\ ]-¦v
h-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ, H-cp hym-]m-c-
Cover Story
ap-{Z c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ am-{Xw _n-kn-
\-kn-\v D-d-¸v \Â-Ip-¶n-Ã F-¶-Xv
{i-²n-t¡-≠-Xm-Wv.
amÀ-¡-änw-Kv, DÂ-¸-¶w A-sÃ-
¦n tk- h - \ \n- e - h m- c w, sam-
¯-¯n-ep-Å _n-kn-\-Êv X-{´w
F-¶n-h sa-¨s - ¸-Sp-¯p-¶X- n-\p-Å
Nn-e X-{´-§Ä
1. amÀ-¡-änw-Kv
H- c p DÂ- ¸ - ¶ - s ¯ hm- W n- P y-
hÂ- ¡ - c n- ¡ m- \ pw A- X n- s â B- h -
iy- I - X D- t ¯- P n- ¸ n- ¡ m- \ pw D- ] -
tbm- K n- ¡ p- ¶ X- { ´- § - f p- s S H- c p
Iq-«-am-Wv amÀ-¡-änw-Kv. ]-c-¼-cm-K-
X-hpw Un-Pn-ä amÀ-¡-änw-Kv X-{´-
§-fpw C-S-I-eÀ-¶ H-cp k-a-{K-am-b
amÀ-¡ä - nw-Kv X-{´w hn-Ik - n-¸n-¡p-I.
]-c-kyw sN-¿Â, ]-»n-Iv dn-te-j³-
kv, I-≠â v amÀ-¡-änw-Kv, C-sa-bnÂ
amÀ- ¡ - ä nw- K v , tkm- j y ao- U n- b
Xp-S-§n-b X-{´-§Ä C-Xn DÄ-
s¸-t«-¡mw. b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ, C-¶v
hn-]-W-\w, DÂ-¸-¶w amÀ- ¡ - ä nw- K n- s â B \nÀ- h - N - \ w
h-f-sc sN-dp-Xm-Wv, Im-c-Ww A-Xv
A-sÃ-¦n tk-h-\ Iq- S p- X  DÄ- s ¡m- Å p- ¶ p. A- X v
\n-e-hm-cw, sam-¯-¯n- {]-Xy-£-am-tbm ]-tcm-£-am-tbm
\n-Xy-Po-hn-X-¯n-ep-≠v. Iq-Sm-sX,
ep-Å _n-kn-\-Êv X-{´w A-Xn-sâ B-i-bw h-f-sc hn-im-e-
am-Wv.
F-¶n-h t]m-ep-Å a-äv amÀ-¡-änw-Kv F-´m-sW-¶v \n-
L-S-I-§-fpw km-¼-¯n-I §Ä A-dn-ªp-I-gn-ªmÂ, A-Xn-
hn-P-bw \nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶- sâ e-£yw F-´m-sW-¶v A-dn-bp-I
F-¶X - m-Wv A-Sp-¯ L-«w. Cu AÀ-
Xn {]-[m-\ ]-¦v °-¯n {]-tXy-I e-£y-sam-¶p-
an-Ã, ]-t£ A-Xv \n-§Ä t\-Sm³
h-ln-¡p-¶p B-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-s\ B-{i-bn-¨n-
cn- ¡ p- ¶ p. amÀ- ¡ - ä nw- K n- \ v D- ≠ m-
bn- c n- ¡ m- h p- ¶ Nn- e e- £ y- § Ä
C- h - b m- W v : hy- à n- K - X {_m³- U v
]-c-ky-s¸-Sp-¯p-I, hn-]-Wn hn-ln-
Xw hÀ-²n-¸n-¡p-I, ]p-Xn-b D-]-t`m-
àm- ¡ - s f B- I À- j n- ¡ p- I , hnÂ-
¸- \ hÀ- ² n- ¸ n- ¡ p- I , D- ] - t `m- à r
hn-iz-kv-X-X h-fÀ-¯p-I Xp-S-§n-b-
h-bm-Wv.
2. DÂ-¸-¶w A-sÃ-¦nÂ
tk-h-\ \n-e-hm-cw
\n- § - f p- s S DÂ- ¸ - ¶ - § - f p- s S-
tbm tk-h\ - §- f - p-sS-tbm Kp-W\ - n-e-
hm-cw Xp-SÀ-¨b - m-bn hn-eb- n-cp-¯p-I-
bpw sa-¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I.
D-]-t`m-àr K-th-j-Ww \-S-¯p-I,
^o-Uv-_m-¡v ti-J-cn-¡p-I, D-]-t`m-
àr B-h-iy-§-fpw B-{K-l-§-fpw
A-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bp-Å am-ä-§Ä
\-S-¸n-em-¡Â F-¶n-h C-Xn DÄ-
I-hÀ kv-tämdn
s¸-t«-¡mw.
H- cp h- k v - Xp- h n- s â- s bm {]-h r-
¯n- b p- s S- t bm ^- e w Kp- W - t `m-
àm-hn-\p k-´p-ãn \Â-Ip-t¼mÄ
A-Xn-s\ Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-ap-Å-Xm-
bn {]- J ym- ] n- ¡ - s ]- S p- ¶ p. B- b -
Xn-\m Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-s¯ \-ap-
¡v Kp-W-t`m-àr k-´p-ãn F-¶v
hn-fn-¡mw. H-cp h-kv-Xp-hn-sâ-sbm
{]- h r- ¯ n- b p- s S- t bm L- S - I - § Ä
A- Y - h m A- X n- s â kz- ` m- h - § Ä
G- s Xm- c p e- £ y- ¯ n- \ m- b m- t Wm
D-¶-bn-¡-s]-«n-«p-Å-Xv A-Xv ]qÀ-
¯o-I-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ A-Xn-\p Kp-W
\n-e-hm-c-ap-Å-Xm-bn {]-Jym-]n-¡-
s]-Sp-¶p-ap-≠v.
Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-¯n-\v c-≠p L-S-
I- § Ä D- ≠ v . H- ¶ v - C u h- k v - X p/
{]-hr-¯n F-´n-\p th-≠n-bm-tWm
kr-ãn-¡-s¸-«-Xv, A-Xn-sâ ^-e-{]m-
]v-Xn. c-≠p Kp-W-t`m-àm-hn-sâ hy-
àn-]-c-am-b C-ã-§Ä (\n-dw, `m-cw,
hn-e, B-Im-cw, B-IÀ-j-Wo-b-X),
Cu c-≠p {]-am-W-§-sf A-Sn-Øm-
\- a m- ¡ n- b m- W v A- X n- s â Kp- W w
A-sÃ-¦n Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw \nÀ-®-
bn-¡p-¶-Xv.
Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw A-sÃ-¦n Kp-
Ww F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶-Xv B-h-iy \nÀ-
h-lW - w am-{X-aà - . D-]t- `m-àm-hn-\p
kw-{Xp-]v-Xn e-`n-¡p-t¼mÄ B-Wv
B h-kv-Xp-hn-s\ A-sÃ-¦n {]-hr-
¯n-sb Kp-W \n-e-hm-c-ap-Å-Xm-bn
{]-Jym-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
3. _n-kn-\-kv kv-{Sm-ä-Pn
\n-§-fp-sS I-¼-\n-bp-sS e-£y-
§-fpw e-£y-§-fpw, SmÀ-sK-äv amÀ-
¡-äv, a-Õ-c t\-«w F-¶n-h hy-à-am-
¡p-¶ H-cp hy-à-am-b _n-kn-\-Êv
X-{´w hn-I-kn-¸n-¡p-I. {i-² tI-
{µo- I - c n- ¡ m- \ pw \n- § - f p- s S sam-
¯- ¯ n- e p- Å _n- k n- \ - Ê v e- £ y-
§- f p- a m- b n s]m- c p- ¯ - s ¸- S p- ¶
Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä F-Sp-¡m-\pw C-Xv
\n-§-sf k-lm-bn-¡pw.
_n-kn-\-Êv X-{´w F-¶-Xv \nÀ-
±n-ã _n-kn-\-Êv e-£y-§Ä ssI-
h-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v kw-cw-`-I-sc k-lm-
bn-¡p-¶ {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-sâ K-Xn
A-sÃ-¦n Xo-cp-am-\-§-fp-sS Iq-«-
am-bn a-\-Ên-em-¡mw.
D-]-t`m-àm-¡-sf B-IÀ-jn-¡p-
¶-Xn-\pw hn-Pb - I- c
- a
- m-bn a-Õc - n-¡p-
¶-Xn-\pw {]-I-S-\w i-àn-s¸-Sp-¯p-
¶- X n- \ pw HmÀ- K - s s\- t k- j - W Â
e-£y-§Ä ssI-h-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw
s^{_phcn 2023 | Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf 9
 I-hÀ kv-tämdn
H-cp _n-kn-\-Êv D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ a-Õ-
c-]-c-am-b \o-¡-§-fp-sS-bpw {]-hÀ-¯-
\-§-fp-sS-bpw H-cp Iq-«-am-Wv _n-kn-\-
Êv X-{´w. B-{K-ln-¨ e-£y-§-fnÂ
F-¯m³ _n-kn-\-Êv F-§-s\ \-S-¯-
W-sa-¶v C-Xv hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p.
{]-tbm-P-\-I-c-am-b A-h-k-c-§Ä
I- s ≠- ¯ m- \ pw hn- i - I - e - \ w sN- ¿ m-
\pw Nq- j - W w sN- ¿ m- \ pw, km- [ y- X -
bp-Å `o-j-Wn-IÄ a-\-Ên-em-¡m-\pw
t\-cn-Sm-\pw, hn-`-h-§-fpw i-àn-I-fpw
]-c-am-h-[n {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pw,
_-e-lo-\-X-I-sf k-a-\n-e-bn \nÀ-
¯m-\pw, H-cp kw-tbm-Pn-X N-«-¡q-Sv
D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v an-I-¨ am-t\-Pv-saân-s\
_n-kn-\-kv kv-{Sm-ä-Pn k-Ö-am-¡p-¶p.
10 Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf | s^{_phcn 2023
tImÀ- ¸ - t d- ä v se- h  kv - { Sm- ä - P n
F-¶-Xv D-bÀ-¶ am-t\-Pv-saâ v cq-]-s¸-
Sp-¯n-b H-cp ZoÀ-L Zq-c, {]-hÀ-¯-\-
A- [ n- j v - T n- X , kw- t bm- P n- X - h pw k- a -
{K-hp-am-b ]-²-Xn-bm-Wv. _n-kn-\-Êv
sse-\p-IÄ, hn-]p-eo-I-c-W-hpw h-fÀ-
¨-bpw, G-sä-Sp-¡-ep-I-fpw e-b-\-§-fpw,
ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-Ww, kw-tbm-P-\w,
\n-t£-]-¯n-\pw hn-ä-gn-¡-en-\pw th-
≠n-bp-Å ]p-Xn-b ta-J-e-IÄ Xp-S-§n-
b-h I-s≠-¯p-¶-Xn-\v C-Xv D-]-tbm-
Kn-¡p-¶p.
4. \-ho-I-c-Ww
\n- § - f p- s S DÂ- ¸ - ¶ - § Ä, tk- h -
\-§Ä, sam-¯-¯n-ep-Å _n-kn-\-Êv
tam-UÂ F-¶n-h sa-¨-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pw
Cover Story
H-cp h-kv-Xp-hn-sâ-sbm
{]-hr-¯n-bp-sS-tbm ^-ew
Kp-W-t`m-àm-hn-\p
k-´p-ãn \Â-Ip-t¼mÄ
A-Xn-s\ Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-ap-
Å-Xm-bn
{]-Jym-]n-¡-s]-Sp-¶p
\-ho-I-cn-¡m-\p-ap-Å h-gn-IÄ-¡m-bn
Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn t\m-¡p-I. a-Õ-c-¯nÂ
ap-¶n \nÂ-¡m-\pw \n-§-fp-sS D-]-
t`m-àm-¡-fp-sS am-dp-¶ B-h-iy-§Ä
\n-d-th-äm-\pw C-Xv k-lm-bn-¡pw.
5. A-\-en-än-Iv-kv
sh-_v-ssk-äv {Sm-^n-Iv, D-]-t`m-àr
kw- X r- ] v - X n, hnÂ- ¸ - \ F- ¶ n- h t]m-
ep- Å \n- § - f p- s S _n- k n- \ - Ê p- a m- b n
_-Ô-s¸-« {]-[m-\ sa-{Sn-¡p-IÄ \n-co-
£n-¡p-I-bpw hn-i-I-e-\w sN-¿p-I-bpw
sN-¿p-I. hn-P-b-¯n-sâ ta-J-e-I-fpw
sa-¨-s¸-Sp-t¯-≠ ta-J-e-I-fpw Xn-cn-
¨-dn-bm³ C-Xv \n-§-sf k-lm-bn-¡pw,
A-Xn-\m \n-§-fp-sS _n-kn-\-Êv ap-
t¶m-«v sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-¶X - n-\v Um-äm-[n-
jvTn-X Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä F-Sp-¡mw.
{]-tXy-In-¨pw, _n-kn-\-Êv A-\-
en-än-Iv-kv C-\n-¸-d-bp-¶-h-sb kq-Nn-
¸n-¡p-¶p:
• N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b _n-kn-\-Êv Um-ä
F-Sp-¡p-I-bpw t{]m-k-Êv sN-¿p-
I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p.
• s{S³- U p- I Ä, ]m- t ä- W p- I Ä, aq-
e-Im-c-W-§Ä F-¶n-h Xn-cn-¨-dn-
bm³ B Um-ä hn-i-I-e-\w sN-¿p-
¶p.
• B Øn- X n- h n- h - c - ¡ - W - ¡ p- I Ä
Cover Story I-hÀ kv-tämdn

A-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n Um-äm-[n-jvTn-X
_n-kn-\-Êv Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä F-Sp-
¡p-¶p.
a- s äm- c p hn- [ - ¯ n ]- d - ª mÂ,
B-[p-\n-I A-\-en-än-Iv-kv {]-{In-b-bp-
sS s]m-Xp-hm-b hn-h-c-W-am-Wv Um-ä
A-\-en-än-Iv-kv. _n-kn-\-Êv A-\-en-än-
Iv-kv H-cp C-Sp-§n-b t^m-¡-kv kq-Nn-
¸n- ¡ p- ¶ p, Iq- S m- s X Um- ä - b p- s S sam-
¯-¯n-ep-Å A-f-hv hÀ-²n-¨-Xn-\mÂ
tem-I-sa-¼m-S p-ap-Å HmÀ-K-ss\-t k-
j-\p-IÄ-¡v {]-hÀ-¯-\-]-c-am-bn Iq-
Sp-XÂ {]-_-e-hpw Iq-Sp-XÂ {]m-[m-\y-
aÀ-ln-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv.
¢u-Uv A-\-en-än-Iv-kv Sq-fp-IÄ D-]-
tbm-Kn-¨v, HmÀ-K-ss\-tk-j-\p-IÄ-¡v
hn-hn-[ Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâp-I-fn \n-¶p-Å ¡nw-Kn-s\ \nÀ-h-Nn-¡mw. a-äv _n-kn-\- s≠-¶pw \n-§Ä A-dn-ªn-cn-¡-Ww.
Um- ä G- I o- I - c n- ¡ m³ I- g n- b pw - sk- kp-IÄ, hy-h-km-b {]-ap-JÀ, km-[y-X- Hm¬-sse³, tkm-jy s\-äv-hÀ-
bnÂ- k v , amÀ- ¡ - ä nw- K v , F- ¨ v - B À, ^n- bp-Å D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä F-¶n-h-cp-am-bn ¡p-IÄ, hm-«v-kv-B-¸v, C-sa-bn-ep-IÄ
\m³-kv - H-cp Un-¸mÀ-«v-saân-sâ \-¼-dp- _-Ôw Øm-]n-¡p-I. C-Xv \n-§-fp-sS Xp-S-§n-b shÀ-Nz ao-Un-b h-gn-bm-Wv
IÄ a-äp-Å-h-sc F-§-s\ kzm-[o-\n- hym-]v-Xn hÀ-²n-¸n-¡m-\pw \n-§-fp-sS "hÀ-¡v' tIm¬-Sm-Iv-äp-IÄ e-`n-¡p-¶-
¡p-sa-¶v Im-Wn-¡p-¶ H-cp G-Io-Ir-X _n-kn-\-Ên-\v ]p-Xn-b A-h-k-c-§Ä Xv... C-Xv Ip-d-¨v X-Wp-¯ _-Ô-am-Wv,
Im-gv-N. Iq-Sm-sX, Zr-iy-hÂ-¡-c-Ww, kr-ãn-¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw. Im-c-Ww \n-§Ä-¡v kz-bw t\-cn-«v A-dn-
{]-h-N-\m-ß-I Øn-Xn-hn-h-c-¡-W-¡p- Zq-c-§Ä C-\n H-cp {]-iv-\-am-Im-¯, bn-Ã, Hm-^v-sse³, tIm¬-^-d³-kp-
IÄ, km-l-N-cy tam-U-enw-Kv F-¶n-h tem-I-s¯-hn-sS-bpw \n-§Ä-¡v ¢-bâp- IÄ, hÀ-¡v-tjm-¸p-IÄ, tIm-gv-kp-IÄ,
t]m-ep-Å D-]-I-c-W-§Ä H-cp Øm-]- I-fpw tIm¬-Sm-Iv-äp-I-fpw D-≠m-bn-cn- {]-`m-j-W-§Ä A-sÃ-¦n tPm-en-Ø-
\-¯n-ep-S-\o-fw F-Ãm X-c-¯n-ep-ap-Å ¡m-hp-¶ hÀ-²n-¨p-h-cp-¶ _-Ô-ap-Å e-¯v t]m-epw \n-§Ä ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-¶ ap-
A-Xp-ey-am-b DÄ-¡m-gv-N-IÄ \Â-Ip- tem- I - ¯ v , s\- ä v - h À- ¡ nw- K v kw- c w- ` - Jm-ap-J ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn s\-äv-hÀ-¡nw-Kv
¶p. IÀ-¡pw sXm-gn tem-I-¯n-\pw H-cp t\-Sm-\m-Ipw.
6. s\-äv-hÀ-¡nw-Kv km-[m-c-W k-{¼-Zm-b-am-bn am-dn-bn-cn- 7. Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS hn-I-k-\w
H- c p kw- c w- ` - I - s â tIm¬- S m- I v - ¡p-¶p. s\-äv-hÀ-¡nw-Kv F-´m-sW-¶v \n-§-fp-sS Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS hn-I-k-
äp- I - f p- s S irw- J - e - b n- s e hÀ- ² - \ - h v C-t¸mÄ \n-§Ä-¡-dn-bmw, H-cp X-cw \-¯n-epw ]-cn-io-e-\-¯n-epw \n-t£-
DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶ {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-bn s\-äzÀ- am-{X-a-Ã, c-≠v X-c-§Ä Øm-]n-¨n-«p- ]n-¡p-I. C-Xv A-h-cp-sS I-gn-hp-I-fpw

D-]-t`m-àm-hn-sâ I-®nÂ
k-am-\-am-b a-äp-Å-h-bnÂ
\n-¶v th-dn-«v \nÂ-¡m³
H-cp Øm-]-\-tam D-Xv-]-¶-
tam D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ t]-cv,
cq-]-I-ev-]-\, A-S-bm-fw,
a-äv {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ
F-¶n-h-sb {_m³-Uv
F-¶v hn-fn-¡p-¶p

s^{_phcn 2023 | Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf 11

 I-hÀ kv-tämdn
{]-I-S-\-hpw sa-¨-s¸-Sp-¯m³ k-lm-bn-
¡pw, C-Xv DÂ-¸m-Z-\-£-a-X hÀ-²n-¸n-
¡p-¶-Xn-\pw sam-¯-¯n-ep-Å _n-kn-
\-Êv hn-P-b-¯n-\pw C-S-bm-¡pw.
8. tIm-Ìv am-t\-Pv-saâ v
H-cp _n-kn-\-Ên-sâ _-P-äv B-kq-
{X-Ww sN-¿p-I-bpw \n-b-{´n-¡p-I-bpw
sN-¿p-¶ {]-{In-b-bm-Wv tIm-Ìv am-t\-
Pv-saâ v. H-cp \-Ã tIm-Ìv am-t\-Pv-saâ v
kn-Ìw D-Å-Xv H-cp HmÀ-K-ss\-tk-j-\v
A-Xn-sâ _-P-äv I-W-¡m-¡m-\pw A-\p-
h-Zn-¡m-\pw F-fp-¸-am-¡p-¶p. sN-e-hv
Ip-d-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw Im-cy-£-a-X hÀ-
²n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap-Å h-gn-IÄ Xp-SÀ-
¨- b m- b n t\m- ¡ p- I . C- X v \n- § - f p- s S
A-Sn-¯-«v sa-¨-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pw \n-§-fp-
sS _n-kn-\-Êv Iq-Sp-XÂ a-Õ-cm-[n-jvTn-
X-am-¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw.
h-cm-\n-cn-¡p-¶ sN-e-hp-I-fp-sS Iq-
Sp-X Ir-Xy-am-b {]-h-N-\-§Ä-s¡m-
¸w _-P-äv a-dn-I-S-¡m-\p-Å km-[y-X
Ip-d-bv-¡m³ H-cp _n-kn-\-Ên-s\ k-lm-
bn-¡p-¶ am-t\-Pv-saâ v A-¡u-≠nw-Kn-
sâ H-cp cq-]-am-Wv tIm-Ìv am-t\-Pv-saâ v
9. D-]-t`m-àr tk-h-\w
H- c p I- ¼ - \ n A- X n- s â DÂ- ¸ - ¶ -
§-tfm tk-h-\-§-tfm hm-§p-I-tbm
D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I-tbm sN-¿p-¶ B-fp-
IÄ-¡v \Â-Ip-¶ k-lm-b-hpw D-]-tZ-
i-hp-am-Wv D-]-t`m-àr tk-h-\w. Hm-
tcm hy- h - k m- b - ¯ n- \ pw hy- X y- k v - X
X-e-¯n-ep-Å D-]-t `m-à r tk-h -\ w
B-h-iy-am-Wv. hn-izm-kw, hn-iz-kv-X-X,
A-`n-`m-j-I-Xzw F-¶n-h h-fÀ-¯n-sb-
Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\v an-I-¨ D-]-t`m-àr tk-h-
12 Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf | s^{_phcn 2023
\w \Â-Ip-I. C-Xv D-]-t`m-àr \n-e-\n
À-¯Â hÀ-[n-¸n-¡m-\pw ]p-Xn-b D-]-
t`m-àm-¡-sf hm-¡m amÀ-¡-änw-Kn-
a-äp-Å-h-cp-sS I-¶p-Im-en-
I-fn \n-¶v X-§-fp-sS-
Xn-s\ thÀ-Xn-cn-¡m-\m-bn
A-h-bp-sS tZ-l-¯v Nm-¸-
Ip-¯n-b {]m-No-\ Cu-Pn-
]v-jy-\p-I-fn \n-¶m-Wv
{_m³-Un-§n-sâ B-cw-`w
Cover Story
eq-sS B-IÀ-jn-¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw.
{]-Xn-^-ew \Â-In km-[-\-tam, tk-h-
\-tam ssI-¸-äp-¶ G-tXm-cm-fpw D-]-t`m-
àm-hm-Wv.
H-cp Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ X-{´-§-fpw
aq-ey-§-fpw {]-Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶ co-Xn-
bn-em-Wv D-]-t`m-àr tk-h-\w ]-e-t¸m-
gpw \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xv. Nn-e Øm-]-\-
§Ä- ¡ p- Å D- ] - t `m- à r tk- h - \ w
Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ A-Zr-iy-am-b B-kv-
Xn-If - p-sS `m-Ka
- m-Wv, hy-hk
- m-b¯
- n-se
a-äp-Å-h-cn \n-¶v A-Xn-s\ thÀ-Xn-cn-
¡m-\m-Ipw. H-cp \-Ã D-]-t`m-àr tk-
h-\ A-\p-`-hw H-cp D-]-t`m-àm-hn-\v
HmÀ-K-ss\-tk-j-t\m-Sv D-Å ap-gp-h³
[m-c-W-bpw am-äm³ I-gn-bpw. D-]-t`m-
àr tk- h - \ w HmÀ- K - s s\- t k- j - s â
_m-ly h-i-§-fn am-{X-a-Ã, _n-kn-
\-Êv {]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯ kp-K-a-am-¡p-¶
B-´-cn-I _-Ô-§-fn-epw {i-² tI-{µo-
I-cn-¡p-¶p.
10. ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-Ww
\n-§-fp-sS DÂ-¸-¶w A-sÃ-¦nÂ
tk-h-\ hm-Kv-Zm-\w, \n-§-fp-sS D-]-t`m-
àr A-Sn-¯-d A-sÃ-¦n \n-§-fp-sS
h-cp-am-\ kv-{So-ap-IÄ F-¶n-h ssh-hn-
[y-hÂ-¡-cn-¡p-I. hn-]-Wn-bn-se am-ä-
§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯n A-]-I-S-km-[y-X
Ip-d-bv-¡m-\pw {]-Xn-tcm-[-ti-jn hÀ-²n-
¸n-¡m-\pw C-Xv k-lm-bn-¡pw.
11. Hm-t«m-ta-j³
amÀ-¡-änw-Kv, sk-bnÂ-kv, I-Ì-aÀ
kÀ-ho-kv Xp-S-§n-b ta-J-e-I-fn Hm-
t«m-ta-j³ \-S-¸n-em-¡p-I. C-Xv k-a-
bw em-`n-¡m-\pw Im-cy-£-a-X hÀ-²n-
¸n-¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw. Hm-t«m-ta-j³
{]-{In-b-I-fn a-\p-jy-sâ C-S-s]-SÂ
Ip-d-bv-¡p-¶ hn-]p-e-am-b km-t¦-Xn-I
Cover Story
hn-Zy-IÄ hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p, A-Xm-b-Xv Xo-
cp-am-\ am-\-Z-Þ-§Ä, D-]-t{]m-k-kv
_-Ô-§Ä, A-\p-_-Ô {]-hÀ-¯-\-
§Ä F-¶n-h ap³-Iq-«n \n-Ý-bn-¡p-¶-
Xn-eq-sS-bpw sa-jo-\p-I-fn B ap³-\n
À-®-b-§Ä. DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶-Xn-eq-sS-
bpw. sa-¡m-\n-¡Â, ssl-t{Um-fn-I,v \yq-
am-än-Iv, C-e-{În-¡Â, C-e-t{Îm-Wn-Iv
D-]-I-c-W-§Ä, I-¼yq-«-dp-IÄ F-¶n-
h-bpÄ-s¸-sS hn-hn-[ amÀ-K-§-fn-eq-sS
Hm-t«m-ta-j³ t\-Sn-bn-«p-≠v.
12. {_m³-Unw-Kpw
{]-i-kv-Xn am-t\-Pp-saâpw
D-]-t`m-àm-hn-sâ I-®n k-am-
\-am-b a-äp-Å-h-bn \n-¶v th-dn-«v \n
Â- ¡ m³ H- c p Øm- ] - \ - t am D- X v - ] - ¶ -
tam D- ] - t bm- K n- ¡ p- ¶ t]- c v , cq- ] - I -
ev-]-\, A-S-bm-fw, a-äv {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ
F-¶n-h-sb {_m³-Uv F-¶v hn-fn-¡p-
¶p hy-h-km-bw, hn-]-W-\w, ]-c-kyw
F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn {_m³-Uv D-]-tbm-
Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. \n-§-fp-sS {_m³-Upw
{]- i - k v - X n- b pw Xp- S À- ¨ - b m- b n \n- c o-
£n- ¡ p- I - b pw sa- ¨ - s ¸- S p- ¯ p- I - b pw
sN-¿p-I, C-Xv D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fp-am-bn
hn-izm-k-hpw hn-izm-ky-X-bpw h-fÀ-¯n-
sb-Sp-¡m-\pw km-[y-X-bp-Å ]-¦m-fn-
IÄ-¡pw \n-t£-]-IÀ-¡pw \n-§-fp-sS
_n-kn-\-Êv Iq-Sp-XÂ B-IÀ-j-I-am-
¡m-\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw.
a-äp-Å-h-cp-sS I-¶p-Im-en-I-fn \n-
¶v X-§f - p-sS-Xn-s\ thÀ-Xn-cn-¡m-\m-bn
A-h-bp-sS tZ-l-¯v Nm-¸-Ip-¯n-b {]m-
No-\ Cu-Pn-]v-jy-\p-I-fn \n-¶m-Wv
{_m³-Un-§n-sâ B-cw-`w. F-¶mÂ
C-¶v {_m³-Un-Mv F-¶ hm-¡n-\v Iq-Sp-
XÂ hym-]v-X-am-b AÀ-°-am-Wp-Å-Xv.
H-cp Øm-]-\-tam D-Xv-]-¶-tam A-Xn-
sâ D-]-t`m-àm-hn-\v \Â-Ip-¶ ssh-
in-ãy-hpw hm-Kv-Zm-\-hp-am-Wv A-Xn-sâ
{_m³-Uv \n-Ýb - n-¡p-¶X - v. a-säm-cÀ-°-
¯nÂ, H-cp hy-àn-¡v F-¶-h-®w H-cp
D-Xv-]-\-¯n-\pw Øm-]-\-¯n-\pw NmÀ-
¯-s¸-Sp-¶ k-hn-ti-j hy-àn-Xz-am-Wv
A-h-bp-sS {_m³-Uv.
H-cp hym-]m-c-ap-{Z c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-¶-Xv
F-§-s\?
H-cp t{km-X-ÊnÂ-\n-¶p-Å D-Xv-]-
¶-§-tfm tk-h-\-§-tfm a-säm-cm-fp-
tS-XnÂ-\n-¶v thÀ-Xn-cn-¨p-Im-Wm-\m-
bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm-hp-¶
Nn-Ó-§Ä, cq-]-IÂ-¸-\, B-i-b-{]m-
Im-i-\w F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡-bm-Wv t{S-
Uv-amÀ-¡v.
tk- h - \ - § - s f Xn- c n- ¨ - d n- b m- \ p- ] -
tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ t{S-Uv-amÀ-¡p-IÄ s]m
-Xp-th kÀ-ho-kv- amÀ-¡p-IÄ F-¶m-Wv
A-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. t{S-Uv-amÀ-¡n-sâ D-S-
a-Øm-h-Im-iw hy-àn-IÄ-t¡m Øm-
]-\-§Ä-t¡m B-hmw. H-cp D-Xv-]-¶-
¯n-sâ ta-tem, D-Xv-]-¶-¯n-sâ ]m
-t¡-Pn-tem te-_-en-tem hu-¨-dn-tem
t{S-Uv-amÀ-¡v {]-ZÀ-in-¸n-¡mw. tImÀ-¸-
td-äv A-kv-Xn-Xzw kq-Nn-¸n-¡m³ t{S-Uv-
amÀ-¡p-IÄ tImÀ-¸-td-äv k-ap-¨-b-§Ä-
¡p-ta-epw {]-ZÀ-in-¸n-¡p-¶p.
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z-IÄ _n-kn-\-kp-IÄ
am-{X-a-Ã, hm-Wn-tPy-X-c kw-L-S-\-I-
fpw a-X-§-fpw A-h-cp-sS sF-Uân-än-
bpw A-h-cp-sS t]-cp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«
ku-lmÀ-±-hpw kw-c-£n-¡m³ D-]-tbm-
Kn-¡p-¶p. hn-hn-[ N-c-¡p-I-sf-bpw tk-
h-\-§-sf-bpw A-´m-cm-{ã (\-Ã) N-c-
¡p-I-fp-sS-bpw tk-h-\-§-fp-sS-bpw 45
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z ¢m-kp-I-fm-bn (1 ap-XÂ
34 I-hÀ N-c-¡p-IÄ, 35 ap-XÂ 45 h-sc
I-hÀ tk-h-\-§Ä) X-cw-Xn-cn-¨n-«p-≠v.
I-hÀ kv-tämdn
F-Ãm {_m³-Uv-I-fpw Nn-Ó-§-fpw
s{S-Uv amÀ-¡-Ã. c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-¶ {_m
³-Uv t]-cp-I-fpw Nn-Ó-§-fpw am-{X-ta
s{S-Uv amÀ-¡v B-bn-¯o-cq. c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-
bv-Xp I-gn-ªm B {_m³-Uv t]-cn-\v
\n-b-a-]-c-am-b kw-c-£-Ww e-`n-¡pw.
A-tXm-sS A-Xv D-S-a-bp-sS X-\-Xv kz-
¯m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. D-ev-]-¶-§-fp-sS-bpw
tk-h-\-§-fp-sS-bpw 45 ¢m-kp-IÄ \n-e-
hn-ep-≠v. ¢m-kp-I-fn X-s¶ c-≠v Im-
ä-K-dn-bm-bn X-cw Xn-cn-¨n-«p-≠v. D-ev-]-
¶-§Ä-¡m-bpw tk-h-\-§Ä-¡m-bpw,
C-Xn DÂ-]-¶-§Ä-¡m-bn 1 ap-X 34
h-sc-bpw tk-h-\-§Ä-¡v 35 ap-X 45
h-sc-bpw \n-P-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-≠v.
1. \n-e-hn-ep-Å
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z-IÄ-¡m-bn Xn-c-bp-I:
\n-§Ä c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿m³ B-{K-ln-
¡p-¶ hym-]m-ca - p-{Z a-säm-cp _n-kn-\Ê
- v
D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¶v D-d-¸m-¡m³
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z c-Pn-kv-{Sn Um-äm-t_-knÂ
H-cp Xn-c-b \-S-¯p-I.
2. D-Nn-X-am-b t{S-Uv-amÀ-¡v ¢m-kv
Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-I
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z-IÄ N-c-¡p-IÄ, tk-
h-\-§Ä A-sÃ-¦n Iq-«m-b amÀ-¡p-
IÄ F-¶n-§-s\ hn-hn-[ ¢m-kp-I-fm-
bn {I-ao-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. \n-§-fp-sS
_n-kn-\-Ên-s\ \-¶m-bn hn-h-cn-¡p-¶
¢m-kv \n-§Ä Xn-c-sª-Sp-t¡-≠-Xp-
≠v.
4. Aw-Ko-Im-c-¯n-\m-bn Im-¯n-cn-¡p-I
\n-§-fp-sS A-t]-£ ^-b sN-bv-X-
Xn- \ v ti- j w, A- X v F- Ã m \n- b - a - ] - c -
am-b B-h-iy-I-X-I-fpw ]m-en-¡p-¶p-
s≠-¶v D-d-¸m-¡m³ H-cp F-Iv-km-an-\À
A-Xv A-h-tem-I-\w sN-¿pw. tI-kn-s\
B-{i-bn-¨v {]-{In-b-bv-¡v \n-c-h-[n am-k-
§-tfm hÀ-j-§-tfm F-Sp-t¯-¡mw.
5. \n-§-fp-sS hym-]m-c-ap-{Z
D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I
\n-§-fp-sS hym-]m-c-ap-{Z Aw-Ko-I-
cn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bpw c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-I-bpw
sN-bv-Xp-I-gn-ªmÂ, \n-§-fp-sS F-Ãm
_n-kn-\-Êv {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fn-epw C-Xv
Ir-Xy-am-bpw Øn-c-am-bpw D-]-tbm-Kn-
¡p-¶-Xv {]-[m-\-am-Wv.
t{S-Uv-amÀ-¡v c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ \-S-]-
Sn-IÄ tI-kn-s\ B-{i-bn-¨v hy-Xym-
k-s¸-Smw F-¶-Xv {i-²n-t¡-≠-Xm-Wv.
{]-{In-b-bn-eq-sS \n-§-sf \-bn-¡m-\pw
\n-§-fp-sS hym-]m-c-ap-{Z C-´y-bnÂ
i-cn-bm-bn c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-bv-Xn-«p-s≠-¶v
D-d-¸m-¡m-\pw H-cp hym-]m-c-ap-{Z A-`n-`m-
j-I-sâ-tbm G-Pân-sâ-tbm k-lm-bw
tX-Sp-¶-Xv \-Ã-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.
s^{_phcn 2023 | Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf 13
 D-ÅS¡w Contents

{_m³-Unw-Kv ap-XÂ 08 Pn-F-kv-Sn h-Ip-¸n-sâ ]p-\x-{I-ao-I-c-Ww

\n-Ip-XnZm-b-IÀ-¡pw A-h-sc
hym-]m-c-ap-{Z h-sc: _n-kn-\-Êv k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡pw D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-I-Ww 14
h-fÀ-¨-bv¡pÅ Nn-e X-{´-§Ä GST sk-£³.129

H-cp ]p-Xn-b _n-kn-\-Êv H-cp ÌmÀ-«-¸v A-sÃ-¦nÂ
Øm- ] n- X _n- k n- \ - Ê v B- b n B- c w- ` n- ¡ p- I - b m-
sW-¦nÂ, H-cp \-Ã _n-kn-\-Êv I¬-kÄ-«ânÂ
\n-¶p-Å k-lm-bw, XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw _n-kn-\-kn-
sâ B-Zy Zn-h-k-§-fnÂ, an-¡ kw-cw-`-I-cpw h-cp-
¯p-¶ sX-äp-IÄ h-cp-¯m-Xn-cn-¡m³, \n-§Ä-¡v
H-cp h-en-b ]n-´p-W-bm-bn-cn-¡pw
ZpÀ-hym-Jym-\w sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶p-thm? 16
kÀ-^m-kn (SARFAESI) Act,
2002- {]-[m-\-am-bpw A-dn-tb-@ hn-h-c-§Ä 20
hn-th-I-¯n-sâ ]m-ew
_p-¡v dn-hyq - hn-kv-Uw {_n-Uv-Pv 28
kw-Øm-\-¯v Im-ä-dnw-Kv Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v
sse-k³-kv \nÀ-_-Ô-am-¡p-¶p;
sam-ss_Â B-¸v D-S³ X-s¶ tem-©v sN-¿pw 40
C-e-{În-¡Â hm-l-\-§-fp-sS tem-Iw; hm-l-\-§Ä
hm-§p-¶-Xv em-`-I-c-am-tWm? 41
skm-ssk-än-bpw {S-Ìpw
X-½n-ep-Å hy-Xym-kw 42
\n-[n I-¼-\n-IÄ F-¶ km-¼-¯n-I Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v F-´p-]-än? 44
FSSAI c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³/sse-k³-kv
F-Sp-¡m-¯-Xn-sâ A-\-´-c-^-e-§Ä 50

\m-Sn-sâ hn-I-k-\-¯n-\m-bn
H-¶n-¨p \nÂ-¡-W-sa-¶ k-tµ-i- 30
14 am-bn kw-cw-`-I a-lm-kw-K-aw
]-¯v am-k-§Ä-¡p-Ån B-cw-`n-¨
1,24,249 kw-cw-`-§Ä kw-Øm-\-¯n-
sâ {]-tim-`-\-am-b hy-h-km-b
`m-hn-sb-bm-Wv Im-Wn-¡p-¶-sX-¶v
ap-Jy-a-{´n {io ]n-W-dm-bn hn-P-b³-

16 ]-d-ªp.

23 38 ]-cm-Xn A-b-¡p-t¼mÄ
H-cn-¡-epw, hn-Im-c-{]-I-S-\-§-fpw
hn-Nm-c-§-tfm A-Ã
A-hn-sS-bm-h-iyw, hn-th-I-am-Wv
{]-iv-\-§Ä h-cp-t¼mÄ an-¡

20 BÄ-¡m-cpw H-cn-¡-epw H-cp ]-cm-Xn

A-b-¡m-t\m A-sÃ-¦n A-Xn-\p-th-
≠n an-\-s¡-Sm-t\m {i-an-¡n-Ã

6 Sm-Iv-kv tI-cf | s^{_phcn 2023

 Vol. 04 Issue 08 February 2023 Rs 50

hn-th-I-¯n-sâ ]m-ew
_p-¡v dn-hyq: -hn-kv-Uw {_n-Uv-Pv
Sm-Iv-kv tIcf
Malayalam Business Magazine
kv-s]-jy tÌm-dn \n-[n I-¼-\n-IÄ F-¶
\m-Sn-sâ hn-I-k-\-¯n-\m-bn H-¶n-¨p km-¼-¯n-I Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v
\nÂ-¡-W-sa-¶ k-tµ-i-am-bn F-´p-]-än?
kw-cw-`-I a-lm-kw-K-aw

brand.
IhÀ tÌmdn b.
{_m³-Unw-Kv ap-XÂ hym-]m-c-ap-{Z h-sc
_n-kn-\-Êv h-fÀ-¨-bv¡pÅ Nn-e X-{´-§Ä
Pn-F-kv-Sn h-Ip-¸n-sâ ]p-\x-{I-ao-I-c-Ww \n-Ip-XnZm-b-IÀ-¡pw
A-h-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡pw D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-I-Ww
-A-\n-cp-²³ hn
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