A Detailed Lesson Plan in Cell Biology

By Keanno Rod M. Peliña (BSEd III – Biological Sciences)

I. Targets:

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

A. discuss the discovery of peroxisome;

B. describe the structure of peroxisome;
C. compare and contrast between the lysosome and peroxisome according to its
structure and function; and
D. relate the structure of peroxisome to its function.

I. Learning Task:
A. Topic: Peroxisomes
B. Reference/s:
The world of the Cell, 3rd Edition, Becker et al. pp. 259-263
https://ww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9930/
www.wikipedia.org/peroxisomes
https://www.slideshare.net/theshaikh101/peroxisomes-49072655

C. Concepts:
1. Peroxisome is an organelle that are bounded by a single membrane and usually
found ubiquitously in eukaryotic cell but are prominent in mammalian kidney
and liver cells, in algae and photosynthetic cell in plants and in germinating
seedlings of plant species that store fat in their seeds; It is also known as
microbodies are surrounded by a single membrane, and generally have a finely
granular matrix.
2. Christian de Duve and his colleagues discovered the peroxisome
3. Equilibrium density centrifugation is the technique that allowed the urate
oxidase to a new class of previously undescribed organelles.
4. Urate oxidase is a marker enzyme of the peroxisome.
5. Acid phosphatase is a marker enzyme of the lysosome.
6. Urate oxidase is a hydrogen peroxide forming enzyme.
7. Catalase is degradation hydrogen peroxide.
8. The particles of microbodies are usually about 0.2-2.0 µ in diameter.
9. The functions of peroxisomes are Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism; Detoxification
of Harmful and Toxic Compounds; B - Oxidation of Fatty Acids; Metabolism of
Nitrogen – containing compounds; Breakdown of unusual substances; Form a
glyoxysomes through the help of the glyoxylate cycle; Photorespiration in the
peroxisomes of the leaves which serve to metabolize a side product formed
during photosynthesis.
 D. Materials:
 Image of the two dimensional and three – dimensional structure of the
peroxisome.
 Manila papers, colored papers, marker, image of the process of
separation of 2 organelles through equilibrium centrifugation technique,
image of 3D structure of peroxisome.
II. Learning Strategies

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Greetings
2. Checking of Attendance

B. Motivation

Okay class, identify the organelle (Students will guess to identify the
based on the given statement. organelle based in the given statement.)

• It is an organelle that are bounded by

single membrane.
• They have a small membranous
vesicle that contains enzyme.
• Prominently found in eukaryotic cell.
• It is similarly alike to the lysosome
based on their structure and function.

Clue:
11 words
5 vowels
6 consonants
Starts with the letter P
Ends with the letter S

What is the organelle did you found Peroxisomes

out based in the given statement?

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

C. Lesson Proper

Class, our lesson for today is all

about peroxisomes.

Okay, let us proceed to the

discovery of peroxisomes.

The discovery of peroxisomes also

depended on the apparently
anomalous behaviour of specific
enzymes, although a different
centrifugation technique was used
in this case.

Who discovered these organelles by Christian de Duve and his colleagues

using centrifugation technique?

Correct, during the early studies of Urate oxidase

lysosomes, de Duve became aware
of what kind of marker enzyme is
that?

Yes! Urate oxidase can seem to be

associated with their lysosomal
fractions, yet was not an acid
hydrolase which serve as a marker
enzyme of lysosome.

Moreover, this enzyme differed

somewhat from known lysosomal
enzymes in its behaviour during
differential centrifugation which
also kept de Duve from identifying
it‘s a lysosomal enzyme.

What kind of technique of Equilibrium density centrifugation

centrifugation does eventually
allowed them to assign urate
oxidase to a new class of previously
undescribed organelles?

Correct! In this time, let us know

how the peroxisome was discovered
through the separation of lysosome
and peroxisome by equilibrium
density centrifugation.

Class, I will divide you into 2 groups.

Each group will be given a task to be
performed.

Direction:

Complete the discovery framework (Students’ perform the activity in the class.)
through summarizing details.
Red color corresponds to the image
of the separation of 2 organelles by
equilibrium density centrifugation
through jigsaw puzzle.

Orange color corresponds to the

detailed procedure in separating 2
organelles through equilibrium
density centrifugation.

Very good class, It’s my turn now,

I’m going to discuss the enzymes in
peroxisomes.

Once this separation achieved, what Catalase and D – amino acid oxidase.
are the additional enzymes were
shown to be present in the urate
oxidase?

What are the examples of latter Urate oxidase (H2O2 forming enzyme)
enzymes involve in the discovery of Catalase (degrades H2O2)
enzyme in this organelle?

Yes, Because these enzymes has an

apparent involvement in hydrogen
peroxide.

What is this new organelle became Peroxisomes

known about?

What is peroxisome? Peroxisome is an organelle that are bounded

by a single membrane and usually found
ubiquitously in eukaryotic cell but are
prominent in mammalian kidney and liver
cells, in algae and photosynthetic cell in
plants and in germinating seedlings of plant
species that store fat in their seeds; It is also
known as microbodies are surrounded by a
single membrane, and generally have a
finely granular matrix.

Okay, I know that you are already

familiar about the discovery of
peroxisomes, so let’s proceed to the
structure of peroxisomes.

How long usually is the size of 0.2-2.0 µ in diameter

peroxisomes?
 In the animal peroxisome, it often Urate Oxidases
contains a distinctive crystalline
core in the center, which contains
what kind of enzyme which oxidizes
uric acid?

- This electron micrograph shows

several peroxisomes in the
cytoplasm of a rat liver cell. A
crystalline core is readily visible in
each microbody. In animal
microbodies, the cores are almost
always crystalline urate oxidase.

In plants, it often presents in Catalase

peroxisomes which usually consist
of what kind of enzyme?

- The tobacco leaf call shown in this

electron micrograph contains a
prominent peroxisome/microbody
with a crystalline core. In plant
microbodies, the cores are almost
always crystalline catalase.

When such cores are present, it is

easy to identify microbodies as
peroxisomes since urate oxidase
and catalase are two of the enzymes
by which peroxisomes are defined

*In the absence of a crystalline core,

however, it is not always easy to
spot peroxisome ultrastructurally.

Okay, I know that you are already

familiar about the structure of
peroxisomes, so let’s proceed to the
comparing and contrasting between
lysosome and peroxisomes

What are the similarities between - Lysosomes and peroxisomes are

lysosome and peroxisomes? small membranous vesicles that
contain enzymes.
- Enclose residual substances of an
internal or external origin to break
them down. 

Correct, what are the differences
between these two organelles?
Okay, I know that you are already
familiar about the similarities and
differences between lysosome and
peroxisomes, so let’s proceed to the
function of peroxisomes.
Can you give me at least 7 functions
of peroxisomes
- They have a similar morphological
structure of these two organelle.
- According to its size the lysosomes
are comparatively large in size, while
peroxisomes are definitely small.
- According to its enzymes, lysosomes
contains hydrolase while
Peroxisomes, on the other hand,
contain three oxidative enzymes
such as catalase, D-amino acid
oxidase, and uric acid/urate oxidase.
- According to its presence, lysosomes
are only found in animal cell, while
peroxisomes are found in all
eukaryotic cells.
- According to its composition, the
lysosomes consists of degradative
enzymes while peroxisomes consist
of oxidative enzymes.
- According to its function, lysosomes
are responsible for the digestion of
cells while peroxisomes are
responsible for the protection of
cells against hydrogen peroxide.
- Other functions included, the
lysosomes are involved in
endocytosis, autophagy, and
phagocytosis, while peroxisomes are
involved in biosynthesis of lipids and
photorespiration.
- Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism
- Detoxification of Harmful and Toxic
Compounds
- B - Oxidation of Fatty Acids
- Metabolism of Nitrogen – containing
compounds
- Breakdown of unusual substances
- Form a glyoxysomes through the
 help of the glyoxylate cycle.
- Photorespiration in the peroxisomes
of the leaves which serves to
metabolize a side product formed
during photosynthesis.

That’s awesome! You already know Yes!

the structure and function of
peroxisomes. Since all of you are
familiar in the peroxisomes and I
know you’re really understand our
lesson for today. Am I right?

III. Generalization:

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Okay class, so I know you are already Yes sir!
familiar about the structure and
functions of peroxisomes! Am I right?

Very Good, please proceed to your

respective group to perform our final
activity in this lesson.

Group 1: (Students’ will perform the activity in the

Assemble the jigsaw puzzle of 2D and class)
3D structure of peroxisome and label
its parts of the structure.

Group 2:
Construct a Venn Diagram to find out
the similarities and differences
between lysosomes and peroxisomes.
IV. Evaluation
Direction: (Multiple Choices)
Choose the best answer from the options given. Write the letter of your answer
in ¼ sheet of paper.

1. Who discovered the peroxisomes?

a. Christian de Duve c. Matthias Schleiden
b. J. Rhodes d. Theodore Schwann

2. This technique of centrifugation was provided by allowing the urate oxidase to a new class of
previously undescribed organelles?
a. Differential centrifugation c. Rate-Zonal Density centrifugation
b. Equilibrium density centrifugation. d. None of the above

3. How much lower buoyant density does the Triton WR-1339 accumulate the detergent
preferentially in their lysosomes by giving this organelle?
a. 1.10 – 1.14 g/cm3
b. 1.15 – 1.19 g/cm3
c. 1.20 – 1.25 g/cm3
d. 1.25 – 1.30 g/cm3

4. Which of the following is NOT describes the structure of peroxisome?

a. Bounded by a single membrane
b. Have a finely granular matrix inside in this organelle
c. It contains crystalline core in the center which contains enzyme
d. Prominently found in prokaryotic cell.

5. All of the following are the functions of animal and plant peroxisomes EXCEPT:
a. D - Oxidation of Fatty Acids
b. Detoxification of Harmful and Toxic Compounds
c. Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism
d. Photorespiration

V. Assignment:
 What is cytoskeleton?
 What are the 3 major structural element of cytoskeleton and differentiate them according
to its structure.
 What are those function of the 3 major structural element of cytoskeleton?