BEAM Sample

beam 491
END 1 MIDSPAN END 2

MU L/C REBAR MU L/C REBAR MU
T T
(+ Mu) 489.203 17
B B
T T
(- Mu) 999.06 17 998.985
B B
(Vu) 234.799 17 s 0 s 231.624
max max
END 2
L/C REBAR
T
B
T
19
B
20 s
max
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 0
Vu= 234.799
Concrete Strength f'c= 28 Mpa
Yield Strength of Steel fy= 420 Mpa
Reduction Factor ϕ= 0.9 (Flexure)
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
Total Depth h= 450 mm
Beam Width b= 350 mm
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
fiber to centroid of d'= 50 mm reinforce
compresion rebar
d only
Clear Cover cc= 50 mm
Diameter of Bar db = 25 mm ∅ Rebar tension
db = 25 mm ∅ Rebar compresion
Using 10 mm ∅ stirrups
Assumed no of layer/s n= 1 number of layer/s of bars
of tension bars spacing of bars between layers a
of compression bars
Solve for Effective Depth

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((1-1)*25)-(0.5*25)
d= 387.5 mm
Solve for Nominal Moment Capacity

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 0/0.9
Mn= 0.0000 kN-m
Solve for Steel Ratio

ρmin = 0.25(√f'c) /fy ρmin = 1.4/fy
ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333

ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125
Solve for Maximum Moment Capacity

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(387.5^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 342.75578411 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 342.76/0.9
Mn = 380.83976012 kN-m
380.8398>0.0000
Therefore, design as singly reinforced
IF DOUBLY IF SINGLY
Check if Compression Steel Yields, when f's >fy Solve for Coefficient of Resista
As1 = ρmaxbd *rho max is used not rho M u=
As1 = 0.02125*350*387.5 Rn =
As1 = 2882.03125 mm2 Rn =
Mn1 = Mn Rn=
Mn1 = 380.83976012 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1 ρ=
Mn2 = 0.0000-380.8398 ρ=
Mn2 = -380.8398 kN-m ρ=
ρmax =
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
use ρ=
As2 = Mn2 = -380.84
fy*(d-d') 420*(387.5-50) Solve for Tension Reinforcem
A s=
As2 = -2686.700248 mm2 A s=
A s=
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
a= As1*fy = 2882.03125*420 No. of Bars = As/Ab
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350 As/Ab=
N=
a= 145.3125 mm
c= a/β1
c= 145.3125/0.85 Check for Spacing
c= 170.95588235 mm S=
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(170.956-50)/170.956 S=
f's= 424.51612903
S=
424.5161>420
Therefore, compression reinforcement yields The proponents reco
reinforcement
Solve Area of Reinforcement
A's= As2
A's= -2686.700248
As= As1 + As2

As= 2,882.031 + -2,686.700
As= 195.33100224 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 compression

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
For compression reinforcement

N= A's/Ab
N= -5.4733008 say -5pc
arranged -5 bars horizontally per layer
For tension reinforcement

N= As/Ab
N= 0.3979250502 say 1pc
arranged 1 bars horizontally per layer
Check for Spacing

For Compression Reinforcement
S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (-5)(25)

-5-1
S= -62.5 <25mm; Not Okay!
For Tension Reinforcement

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (1)(25)-2(10)

1-1
S= #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
The proponents recommend the use of 1 - 25mm diameter

bars for tension reinforcement. And, the use of -5 - 25mm
diameter bars for compression reinforcement
Solve for Shear Strength Provided by Concrete
Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*387.5
Vc= 122.00220733 kN
ϕVc = 91.501655499 kN
Vu= 234.799 kN
Vu>ϕVc Therefore, beam requires shear

reinforcements
If stirrups are reqd if avmin reqd
Solve for the Shear Strength Provided by the Stirrup Solve for Spacing of Stirrups
Av=
Vn= Vu/ϕ Av=
Vn= 234.799/0.75
Vn= 313.06533333 kN s=
Vs= Vn - Vc
Vs= 313.07 - 122.00 s=
Vs= 191.063126 kN
use s=
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*387.5
= 473.656 kN
Vs<0.66(√f'c)bd; Okay!
Solve for Spacing of Stirrups
s= Avfytd/Vs Av= 2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*387.5/191.06
s= 133.8024283 130
smax= d/2
smax= 387.5/2
smax= 193.75 190
3
of bars between layers assumed to be equal to size of bar
or Coefficient of Resistance
ϕRnbd2
Mu/ϕbd2
0.00/0.9*350*387.5*^2
0 Mpa
or Steel Ratio
0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(0.000)/0.85*28))
0
0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
0.0033333333
or Tension Reinforcement
ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
0.0033*350*387.5 Ab= π*25^2/4
452.08333333 mm2 Ab= 490.8739 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

452.0833/490.8739
0.920976604 say 1pc
for Spacing
b - 2cc - 2dbs - N(db)
N-1
350 - 2*50 - 2*10 - 1(25)

1-1
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
The proponents recommend the use of 1 - 25mm diameter for tension

reinforcement
or Spacing of Stirrups
2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
157.07963268
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
530 mm
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 999.06
Vu= 234.799
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
compresion rebar
d only
Diameter of Bar db= 28 mm ∅ Rebar
db= 25 mm ∅ Rebar
of tension bars
of compression bars

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((2-1)*28)-(0.5*28)
d= 358 mm

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 999.06/0.9
Mn= 1,110.0667 kN-m

ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333
ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(358^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 292.55493737 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 292.56/0.9
Mn = 325.06104152 kN-m
325.0610<1,110.0667
Therefore, design as doubly reinforced
IF DOUBLY
Check if Compression Steel Yields, when f's >fy
As1 = ρmaxbd *rho max is used not rho
As1 = 0.02125*350*358
As1 = 2662.625 mm2
Mn1 = Mn
Mn1 = 325.06104152 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1
Mn2 = 1,110.0667-325.0610
Mn2 = 785.0056 kN-m
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
As2 = Mn2 = 785.0056

fy*(d-d') 420*(358-50)
As2 = 6068.3799099 mm2
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
a= As1*fy = 2662.625*420
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350
a= 134.25 mm
c= a/β1
c= 134.25/0.85
c= 157.94117647 mm
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(157.941-50)/157.941
f's= 410.05586592
410.0559<420
Therefore, compression reinforcement does not yields

A's= As2 (fy/f's)
A's= 6215.5422565
As= As1 + As2
As= 2,662.625 + 6,068.380
As= 8731.0049099 mm2

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*28^2/4
Ab= 615.7521601 mm2

N= A's/Ab
N= 12.662198709 say 13pcs

N= As/Ab
N= 14.179414179 say 16pcs
arranged 8 bars horizontally per layers
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (13)(25)

13-1

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (8)(28)-2(10)
8-1
S= 0.8571428571 <28mm; Not Okay!

bars per layer for tension reinforcement; use 2 layers of
bars. And, the use of 13 - 25mm diameter bars for
compression reinforcement
Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*358
Vc= 112.71429735 kN
ϕVc = 84.535723015 kN
Vu= 234.799 kN

reinforcements
If stirrups are reqd
Solve for the Shear Strength Provided by the Stirrup
Vn= Vu/ϕ
Vn= 234.799/0.75
Vn= 313.06533333 kN
Vs= Vn - V c
Vs= 313.07 - 112.71
Vs= 200.35103598 kN
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*358
= 437.597 kN

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*358/200.35
s= 117.88555749 120
smax= d/2
smax= 358/2
smax= 179 180
4
tension
compresion
spacing of bars between layers assumed to be equal to size of bar

IF SINGLY
Solve for Coefficient of Resistance
Mu= ϕRnbd2
Rn= Mu/ϕbd2
Rn= 999.06/0.9*350*358*^2
Rn= 24.74656727 Mpa

ρ= 0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
ρ= 0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(24.747)/0.85*28))
ρ= Err:502
ρmax = 0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρ= Err:502
Solve for Tension Reinforcement

As= ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
A s= Err:502 Ab= π*28^2/4
A s= Err:502 mm2 Ab= 615.7522 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

As/Ab= Err:502
N= Err:502 say Err:502
arranged Err:502 bars horizontally per layers
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - 2dbs - N(db)
N-1
S= Err:502
Err:502
S= Err:502 Err:502
Err:502
if avmin reqd
Av= 2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
Av= 157.07963268
s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
use s= 530 mm
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 489.203
Vu= 0
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
compresion rebar
d only
Diameter of Bar db = 25 mm ∅ Rebar
db = 25 mm ∅ Rebar
of tension bars
of compression bars

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((1-1)*25)-(0.5*25)
d= 387.5 mm

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 489.203/0.9
Mn= 543.5589 kN-m

ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333
ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(387.5^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 342.75578411 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 342.76/0.9
Mn = 380.83976012 kN-m
380.8398<543.5589
IF DOUBLY
Check if Compression Steel Yields, when f's >fy
As1 = ρmaxbd *rho max is used not rho
As1 = 0.02125*350*387.5
As1 = 2882.03125 mm2
Mn1 = Mn
Mn1 = 380.83976012 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1
Mn2 = 543.5589-380.8398
Mn2 = 162.7191 kN-m
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
As2 = Mn2 = 162.7191

fy*(d-d') 420*(387.5-50)
As2 = 1147.9303617 mm2
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
a= As1*fy = 2882.03125*420
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350
a= 145.3125 mm
c= a/β1
c= 145.3125/0.85
c= 170.95588235 mm
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(170.956-50)/170.956
f's= 424.51612903
424.5161>420
Therefore, compression reinforcement yields

A's= As2
A's= 1147.9303617
As= As1 + As2
As= 2,882.031 + 1,147.930
As= 4029.9616117 mm2

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2

N= A's/Ab
N= 2.3385445298 say 3pcs

N= As/Ab
N= 8.2097703804 say 9pcs
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (3)(25)

3-1
S= 87.5 >25mm; Okay!

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (9)(25)-2(10)
9-1
S= 0.625 <25mm; Not Okay!

bars for tension reinforcement. And, the use of 3 - 25mm
Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*387.5
Vc= 122.00220733 kN
ϕVc = 91.501655499 kN
Vu= 0 kN
Vu<ϕVc/2
Therefore, beam does not need shear
reinforcements
If stirrups are reqd
Solve for the Shear Strength Provided by the Stirrup
Vn= Vu/ϕ
Vn= 0/0.75
Vn= 0 kN
Vs= Vn - Vc
Vs= 0.00 - 122.00
Vs= -122.0022073 kN
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*387.5
= 473.656 kN

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*387.5/-122.00
s= -209.5430138 -210
smax= d/2
smax= 387.5/2
smax= 193.75 190
-2
tension
compresion
spacing of bars between layers assumed to be equal to size of bar

IF SINGLY
Solve for Coefficient of Resistance
Mu= ϕRnbd2
Rn= Mu/ϕbd2
Rn= 489.20/0.9*350*387.5*^2
Rn= 10.342728969 Mpa

ρ= 0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
ρ= 0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(10.343)/0.85*28))
ρ= 0.0361674961
ρmax = 0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρ= 0.02125
Solve for Tension Reinforcement

As= ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
As= 0.0213*350*387.5 Ab= π*25^2/4
As= 2882.03125 mm2 Ab= 490.8739 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

As/Ab= 2,882.0313/490.8739
N= 5.8712258507 say 6pcs
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - 2dbs - N(db)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - 2*10 - 6(25)

6-1
S= 16 <25mm; Not Okay

reinforcement
if avmin reqd
Av= 2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
Av= 157.07963268
s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
use s= 530 mm
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 0
Vu= 0
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
compresion rebar
d only
of compression bars

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((1-1)*22)-(0.5*22)
d= 389 mm

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 0/0.9
Mn= 0.0000 kN-m

ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333

ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(389^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 345.41451326 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 345.42/0.9
Mn = 383.79390362 kN-m
383.7939>0.0000
IF DOUBLY IF SINGLY
As1 = 0.02125*350*389 Rn =
As1 = 2893.1875 mm2 Rn =
Mn1 = Mn Rn=
Mn1 = 383.79390362 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1 ρ=
Mn2 = 0.0000-383.7939 ρ=
Mn2 = -383.7939 kN-m ρ=
ρmax =
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
use ρ=
As2 = Mn2 = -383.794
fy*(d-d') 420*(389-50) Solve for Tension Reinforcem
A s=
As2 = -2695.560497 mm2 A s=
A s=
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350 As/Ab=
N=
a= 145.875 mm
c= a/β1
c= 171.61764706 mm S=
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(171.618-50)/171.618 S=
f's= 425.19280206
S=
425.1928>420
reinforcement
A's= As2
A's= -2695.560497
As= As1 + As2

As= 2,893.188 + -2,695.560
As= 197.62700257 mm2

Ab= π*19^2/4
Ab= 283.52873699 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*22^2/4
Ab= 380.13271108 mm2

N= A's/Ab
N= -9.507186207 say -9pc

N= As/Ab
N= 0.5198894933 say 1pc
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (-9)(19)

-9-1

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (1)(22)-2(10)

1-1
S= #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*389
Vc= 122.47447394 kN
ϕVc = 91.855855455 kN
Vu= 0 kN
Vu<ϕVc/2 Therefore, beam does not need shear

reinforcements
Av=
Vn= Vu/ϕ Av=
Vn= 0/0.75
Vn= 0 kN s=
Vs= Vn - Vc
Vs= 0.00 - 122.47 s=
Vs= -122.4744739 kN
use s=
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*389
= 475.489 kN

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*389/-122.47
s= -209.5430138 -210
smax= d/2
smax= 389/2
smax= 194.5 190
-2
ϕRnbd2
Mu/ϕbd2
0.00/0.9*350*389*^2
0 Mpa
or Steel Ratio
0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(0.000)/0.85*28))
0
0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
0.0033333333
ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
0.0033*350*389 Ab= π*22^2/4
453.83333333 mm2 Ab= 380.1327 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

453.8333/380.1327
1.1938812949 say 2pcs
for Spacing
N-1
350 - 2*50 - 2*10 - 2(22)

2-1
186 >25mm; Okay!

reinforcement
2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
157.07963268
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
530 mm
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 0
Vu= 231.624
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
compresion rebar
d only
of compression bars

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((1-1)*25)-(0.5*25)
d= 387.5 mm

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 0/0.9
Mn= 0.0000 kN-m

ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333

ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(387.5^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 342.75578411 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 342.76/0.9
Mn = 380.83976012 kN-m
380.8398>0.0000
IF DOUBLY IF SINGLY
As1 = 0.02125*350*387.5 Rn =
As1 = 2882.03125 mm2 Rn =
Mn1 = Mn Rn=
Mn1 = 380.83976012 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1 ρ=
Mn2 = 0.0000-380.8398 ρ=
Mn2 = -380.8398 kN-m ρ=
ρmax =
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
use ρ=
As2 = Mn2 = -380.84
fy*(d-d') 420*(387.5-50) Solve for Tension Reinforcem
A s=
As2 = -2686.700248 mm2 A s=
A s=
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350 As/Ab=
N=
a= 145.3125 mm
c= a/β1
c= 170.95588235 mm S=
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(170.956-50)/170.956 S=
f's= 424.51612903
S=
424.5161>420
reinforcement
A's= As2
A's= -2686.700248
As= As1 + As2

As= 2,882.031 + -2,686.700
As= 195.33100224 mm2

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2

N= A's/Ab
N= -5.4733008 say -5pc

N= As/Ab
N= 0.3979250502 say 1pc
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (-5)(25)

-5-1

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (1)(25)-2(10)

1-1
S= #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*387.5
Vc= 122.00220733 kN
ϕVc = 91.501655499 kN
Vu= 231.624 kN

reinforcements
Av=
Vn= Vu/ϕ Av=
Vn= 231.624/0.75
Vn= 308.832 kN s=
Vs= Vn - Vc
Vs= 308.83 - 122.00 s=
Vs= 186.82979267 kN
use s=
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*387.5
= 473.656 kN

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*387.5/186.83
s= 136.83422678 140
smax= d/2
smax= 387.5/2
smax= 193.75 190
3
ϕRnbd2
Mu/ϕbd2
0.00/0.9*350*387.5*^2
0 Mpa
or Steel Ratio
0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(0.000)/0.85*28))
0
0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
0.0033333333
ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
0.0033*350*387.5 Ab= π*25^2/4
452.08333333 mm2 Ab= 490.8739 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

452.0833/490.8739
0.920976604 say 1pc
for Spacing
N-1
350 - 2*50 - 2*10 - 1(25)

1-1
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

reinforcement
2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
157.07963268
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
530 mm
Sample Beam
Given
Mu= 998.985
Vu= 231.624
ϕ= 0.75 (Shear)
β1 = 0.85
Es= 200000 Mpa
for
Distance of extreme
doubly
compresion rebar
d only
of compression bars

d= h-cc-((n-1)*db)-(0.5db)
d= 450-50-((2-1)*28)-(0.5*28)
d= 358 mm

Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn= 998.985/0.9
Mn= 1,109.9833 kN-m

ρmin = 0.25(√28) /420 ρmin = 1.4/420
ρmin = 0.0031497039 ρmin = 0.003333
use ρmin = 0.0033333333

ρbal = 0.85f'cβ1*600
fy(600+fy)
ρbal = 0.85*28*0.85*600
420(600+420)
ρbal = 0.0283333333
ρmax = 0.75ρbal
ρmax = 0.75*0.03
ρmax = 0.02125
use ρ= 0.02125

ω = ρ fy/f'c
ω = 0.02125*420/28
ω = 0.31875
Mu = (ϕ)(fc')(ω)(b)(d2)(1 - 0.59ω)
Mu = (0.9)(28)(0.31875)(350)(358^2)(1 - 0.59*0.31875)
Mu = 292.55493737 kN-m
Mn = Mu/ϕ
Mn = 292.56/0.9
Mn = 325.06104152 kN-m
325.0610<1,109.9833
IF DOUBLY IF SINGLY
As1 = 0.02125*350*358 Rn =
As1 = 2662.625 mm2 Rn =
Mn1 = Mn Rn=
Mn1 = 325.06104152 kN-m
Mn2 = Mn - Mn1 ρ=
Mn2 = 1,109.9833-325.0610 ρ=
Mn2 = 784.9223 kN-m ρ=
ρmax =
Mn2 = As2*fy*(d-d')
use ρ=
As2 = Mn2 = 784.9223
fy*(d-d') 420*(358-50) Solve for Tension Reinforcem
A s=
As2 = 6067.7357128 mm2 A s=
A s=
0.85*f'c*a*b = As1*fy
0.85*f'c*b 0.85*28*350 As/Ab=
N=
a= 134.25 mm
c= a/β1
c= 157.94117647 mm S=
f's= 600(c-d')/c
f's= 600(157.941-50)/157.941 S=
f's= 410.05586592
S=
410.0559<420
Therefore, compression reinforcement does not yields
Err:502
A's= As2 (fy/f's)
A's= 6214.8824372
As= As1 + As2

As= 2,662.625 + 6,067.736
As= 8730.3607128 mm2

Ab= π*25^2/4
Ab= 490.87385212 mm2
Ab= πdb2/4 tension

Ab= π*28^2/4
Ab= 615.7521601 mm2

N= A's/Ab
N= 12.660854536 say 13pcs

N= As/Ab
N= 14.178367984 say 16pcs
arranged 8 bars horizontally per layers
Check for Spacing

S= b - 2cc - (N)db
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (13)(25)

13-1

S= b - 2cc - (N)db - 2(dbs)
N-1
S= 350 - 2*50 - (8)(28)-2(10)

8-1
S= 0.8571428571 <28mm; Not Okay!

Vc= 0.17λ(√f'c)bwd λ= 1
Vc= 0.17*1*(√28)*350*358
Vc= 112.71429735 kN
ϕVc = 84.535723015 kN
Vu= 231.624 kN

reinforcements
Av=
Vn= Vu/ϕ Av=
Vn= 231.624/0.75
Vn= 308.832 kN s=
Vs= Vn - Vc
Vs= 308.83 - 112.71 s=
Vs= 196.11770265 kN
use s=
0.66(√f'c)bwd= 0.66(√28)*350*358
= 437.597 kN

Av= 157.0796
s= 157.08*420*358/196.12
s= 120.43019702 120
smax= d/2
smax= 358/2
smax= 179 180
3
ϕRnbd2
Mu/ϕbd2
998.99/0.9*350*358*^2
24.744709531 Mpa
or Steel Ratio
0.85(f'c/fy)(1-√(1-2Rn/0.85f'c))
0.85(28/420)(1-√(1-2*(24.745)/0.85*28))
Err:502
0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333
Err:502
ρbd Ab= πdb2/4
Err:502 Ab= π*28^2/4
Err:502 mm2 Ab= 615.7522 mm2
No. of Bars = As/Ab

Err:502
Err:502 say Err:502
arranged Err:502 bars horizontally per layers
for Spacing
N-1
Err:502
Err:502
Err:502 Err:502
Err:502
2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2
157.07963268
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

0.062(√f'c)bw 0.062*√28*350
Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

0.35*bw 0.35*350
530 mm

BEAM Sample

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

BEAM Sample

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

beam 491

END 1 MIDSPAN END 2

Solve for Effective Depth

Solve for Nominal Moment Capacity

Solve for Steel Ratio

use ρmin = 0.0033333333

Solve for Maximum Moment Capacity

As= As1 + As2

Ab= πdb2/4 compression

Ab= πdb2/4 tension

For compression reinforcement

For tension reinforcement

Check for Spacing

S= 350 - 2*50 - (-5)(25)

For Tension Reinforcement

S= 350 - 2*50 - (1)(25)-2(10)

The proponents recommend the use of 1 - 25mm diameter

Solve for Shear Strength Provided by Concrete

Vu>ϕVc Therefore, beam requires shear

Solve for Spacing of Stirrups

s= Avfytd/Vs Av= 2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2

0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333

No. of Bars = As/Ab

350 - 2*50 - 2*10 - 1(25)

The proponents recommend the use of 1 - 25mm diameter for tension

Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

Solve for Effective Depth

Solve for Nominal Moment Capacity

Solve for Steel Ratio

Solve for Maximum Moment Capacity

As2 = Mn2 = 785.0056

As2 = 6068.3799099 mm2

Solve Area of Reinforcement

Ab= πdb2/4 compression

Ab= πdb2/4 tension

For compression reinforcement

For tension reinforcement

Check for Spacing

S= 350 - 2*50 - (13)(25)

For Tension Reinforcement

The proponents recommend the use of 8 - 28mm diameter

Solve for Shear Strength Provided by Concrete

Vu>ϕVc Therefore, beam requires shear

Solve for Spacing of Stirrups

s= Avfytd/Vs Av= 2Ab = 2(π/4)*10^2

spacing of bars between layers assumed to be equal to size of bar

Solve for Steel Ratio

ρmax = 0.0213 ρmin = 0.003333

Solve for Tension Reinforcement

No. of Bars = As/Ab

Check for Spacing

s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 574.5534

s= Avfyt = 157.08*420 = 538.5587

Solve for Effective Depth

Solve for Nominal Moment Capacity

Solve for Steel Ratio

Solve for Maximum Moment Capacity

As2 = Mn2 = 162.7191

As2 = 1147.9303617 mm2

Solve Area of Reinforcement

Ab= πdb2/4 compression

Ab= πdb2/4 tension

350 - 250 - 210 - 1(25)

S= 350 - 250 - 210 - 6(25)

350 - 250 - 210 - 2(22)

350 - 250 - 210 - 1(25)