1.

Using the results, you have generated above, are the temperature changes in Lake Taal
responding strongly to changes in the local temperature? What about the regional air
temperature? How can you interpret the statistical results you have obtained from the analysis?
30

AIR TEMP 28.5

27

25.5

24
25.5 27 28.5 30 31.5
SURFACE WATER TEMP

Local temperature

Monthly average surface water temperature from 2001 -

2011
31
30
Temperature in Celsius

29
28
27
26
25
Y Y L AY
AR AR RC
H RI NE LY ST BE
R
BE
R
BE
R
BE
R
U U A AP M JU JU U
N BR M UG EM T O
VE
M
CE
M
JA FE
A PT OC DE
SE NO

Month

Regional temperature
Scatter plot was used in order to add a graphical representation of the data provided.
The Surface water temperature is the independent variable while the Air Temperature is the
dependent variable. As the surface water temperature increases the air temperature also
increases. It can be inferred from the data that there is a positive correlation between the
surface water temperature and the air temperature. Therefore, temperature changes in Lake
Taal is responding strongly to changes in the local temperature. The regional air temperature
presents higher values of both the independent (surface water temperature) and dependent (air
 temperature) variables than the presented data of the local temperature. The monthly average
surface water from 2001- 2011 started its major elevation during the month of march and with
its highest peak during the month of May.

AVERAGE MONTHLY
TEMP OF SURFACE
PHILIPPINES for 1991 WATER
- 2016 TEMP
JANUARY 24.74 26.76333333
FEBRUARY 24.93 26.77888889
MARCH 25.79 27.684
APRIL 26.74 29.058
MAY 27.1 30.25375
JUNE 26.62 30.07272727
JULY 26.11 29.45545455
AUGUST 26.08 29.26
SEPTEMBER 25.99 29.26
OCTOBER 25.96 28.90777778
NOVEMBER 25.7 27.93285714
DECEMBER 25.19 27.75333333
Local Air Temperature

2. How do lakes respond to changes in climate? Cite examples based on studies that have obtained
from the analysis?
Lakes respond rapidly to climate change due to its sensitivity and its overall properties
(Rosenzweig et al. 2007). In the past there were present factors which indicates the effects of
their climate change during their time which was seen on the structures of the lake (Adrian et al.
2014). A study was conducted at Lake Tanganyika, an African great lake about how climate
change influences the lake, this resulted to the reduction of the productivity of the said lake.
Sediment Erosion and lake stratification could take place due to rapid increase of temperatures
in lakes (Kundzewicz, 2007). As temperatures in the lake elevate the body of marine animals,
specifically fishes will have to deal with the change of temperature resulting to the damage of
their structure with regards to size, their properties which stimulates development (Jeppesen et
al. 2014) Also, a research about twenty four European deep and shallow lakes provided data
wherein there is a decrease of stenothermal species due to climate change, this occurs mostly
on shallow lakes.

SOURCES:
(2015). Climate Change Impacts on Lakes. North American Lake Management Society  , 1–4.
Retrieved from http://z0ku333mvy924cayk1kta4r1-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-
content/uploads/2016/05/NALMS-Climate-Change-Position-Statement.pdf

Adrian, R., O'Reilly, C. M., Zaragerese, H., Baines, S. B., Hessen, D. O., Keller, W., … Winder, M.
(2010). Lakes as sentinels of climate change. Limnol Oceanogr., 1–8. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2854826/

Jeppesen, E., Meerhoff, M., Davidson, T. A., Trolle, D., Sondergaard, M., Lauridsen, T. L., …
Nielsen, A. (2014). Climate change impacts on lakes: an integrated ecological perspective based
on a multi-faceted approach, with special focus on shallow lakes. J. Limnol, 1–24. Retrieved from
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/50525572.pdf

P, V., RE, H., & H, K. (2003). Ecological consequences of a century of warming in Lake
Tanganyika. NCBI: PubMedGov US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health  , 1–
5. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12829786/