GEOTEKNIKA SURVEYING AND MAPPING SERVICES

A Subsidiary of J.A.R. MANALOTO & ASSOCIATES

(Geodetic/Civil/Sanitary/Structural & Geotechnical Engineering Consultants)
Real Estate Broker / Land Surveyor / Environmental Planner / Pollution Control Officer

SIMULATED PROBLEMS FOR STRUCTURAL DESIGN

For January 2013 Architecture Licensure Examinations
(PART ONE)

Prepared by: J.A.R. MANALOTO, B.S.G.E.,B.S.C.E.,B.S.S.E.,En.P.,P.C.O.,M.P.,MtE.,R.E.A..,R.E.B.,M.S.C.E.,Ph.D.

MASCE.,MACI.,MASSE.,MASPE.,MGEP., MPICE.,MPSSE.,MPIEP.,MASEP.,MPSPE.,MPCAPI.,
MNAMPAP.,MREBAP.,MPARA.,MIPREA.,MREAP.,MUPAE.,MUPAA

The use of these materials is only allowed for those reviewees handled by Engr. J.A.R. MANALOTO
and or any authorized reviewers of J.A.R. MANALOTO & ASSOCIATES Co. Any other use should be
with expressed permission of the Author. All rights reserved. Institute of Civil Engineering, College
of Engineering, U.P. Diliman, Quezon City 1101.

1.) Allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of gross area:
a. 0.60 of the specified minimum yield stress
b. 0.50 of the specified minimum yield stress
c. 0.45 of the specified minimum yield stress
d. 0.66 of the specified minimum yield stress

2.) Allowable shear stress on structural steel on the cross sectional area effective in resisting shear:
a. 0.40 Fy
b. 0.50 Fy
c. 0.60 Fy
d. 0.90 Fy

3.) The effective area in resisting shear of rolled and fabricated shaped may be taken as:
a. overall depth times the web thickness
b. overall depth times the flange thickness
c. flange width times overall depth
d. overall flange thickness times width of flange

4.) For structural carrying live loads which induce impact, the assumed live load shall be increased
sufficiently to provide for same. For supports of elevators the increase shall be __________:
a. 100%
b. 30%
c. 33%
d. 50%

5.) The lateral force on the crane runaways to provide for the effect of moving crane trolleys, shall be
_______% of the sum of the weights of the lifted load and the crane trolley but exclusive of other
parts of the crane:
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 10%
d. 15%

6.) Piles that are driven at an inclination to resist forces that are not vertical are called:
a. batter piles
b. spur piles
c. slanting piles
d. all of the above

7.) A buried plate or block tied to and forming an anchorage for sheet piling or for a retaining wall is a:
a. Anchor Plate
b. Block Plate
c. Dead Man
 d. NOTA

8.) An instrument which measures the velocity and acceleration of an earthquake in the ground:
a. Accelerograph
b. Accelerator
c. Accelerometer
d. All of the above

9.) A bridge carrying a road of a railway across a valley:

a. Aqueduct
b. Viaduct
c. Skew bridge
d. NOTA

10.) A method used advantageously in driving piles in sand, gravel or soft packed clay due to high
resistance offered by this material to piles driven by hammer is called:
a. Jetting
b. Splitting
c. Steam Hammer
d. NOTA

11.) The National Building Code of the Philippines was promulgated into Law by:
a. P.D. 223
b. P.D. 1096
c. P.D. 692
d. NOTA

12.) The practice of Civil Engineering in the Philippines is provided for in:
a. P.D. 223
b. P.D. 1096
c. R.A. 1364
d. P.D. 1594
e. NOTA

13.) The most important factor affecting the strength of concrete is:
a. Void-Cement Ratio
b. Water-Cement Ratio
c. Quantity of Cement
d. All of the above

14.) The section of the beam at which the bending moment changes from positive to negative is called:
a. Critical Point
b. Deflection Point
c. Reflection Point
d. NOTA

15.) The term in working stress design, refers to reinforced concrete beam in which the cross-sectional
areas of concrete and steel are of such dimensions that each develops its full allowable stress
simultaneously:
a. Balanced Design
b. Over reinforced
c. Under reinforced
d. Elastic Theory

16.) The first step in the construction of a highway, which is the removal of trees, bushes and debris
from the entire area to be excavated:
a. reconnaissance
b. clearing and grubbing
c. final survey
d. location survey

17.) Cracking of concrete in general is the result of:

 a. high flexural stress due to bending
b. excessive deflection
c. restraint of volume change
d. all of the above

18.) The section of a beam at which the bending moment changes from positive to negative and at this
section, the magnitude of the bending moment is zero is called the:
a. inflection point
b. reflection point
c. deflection point
d. NOTA

19.) The cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor systems can be classified under the following general
types:
a. one-way slab and beam
b. one-way ribbed or joist or two-way solid slab and beam
c. two-way flat plate, flat slab or waffle slab
d. all of the above

20.) The graded portion of a highway within top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the
pavement structures and shoulders is called:
a. roadway
b. subgrade
c. road bed
d. all of the above

21.) The total decrease in height of an embankment from the time it is put in place until it becomes
stabilized is called:
a. shrinkage
b. subsidence
c. settlement
d. all of the above

22.) Excavation which includes the removal of all decomposed rock, earth, rock, shale, boulders and
other materials is usually classified as:
a. common and borrow excavation
b. rock excavation
c. structure excavation
d. all of the above

23.) The property of a reinforced concrete building frame which is most important in resisting
earthquake shocks is:
a. high density
b. flexibility and slenderness
c. ductility
d. all of the above

24.) The milky layer composed of cement and fine aggregate on the upper surface of the concrete mass
during curing process due to an excess amount of water used:
a. Laittance
b. Grout
c. Mortar
d. Plaster

25.) The amount agreed upon by the parties to a contract to be paid in case of breach thereof:
a. Contract price
b. Breach amount
c. Liquidated damages
d. Arbitration cost

26.) The difference between scheduled and actual accomplishments per approved PERT/CPM usually
indicated in percentage, positive or negative:
 a. Activity
b. Slippage
c. Float
d. Network

27.) An imaginary cross section of a beam in which the steel is replaced by a hypothetical concrete
area that is n times the area of the steel. The imaginary concrete area has the same modulus of
elasticity as the concrete in compression above the neutral axis:
a. Transformed section
b. Effective section
c. Neutral axis
d. Modulus of rupture

28.) The stresses that causes cracks in reinforced concrete beams that are vertical at the center of the
span and become more inclined as they approach the supports where they slope at an angle of about
45 degrees:
a. Diagonal tension
b. Shear stress
c. Vertical stress
d. Torsional stress

29.) A type of pressure in an upward direction against the bottom of a structure, or a dam, a road,
slab, or a basement floor:
a. uplift pressure
b. buoyancy
c. hydraulic pressure
d. active pressure

30.) The gradual downward movement of an engineering structure due to compression of the soil
below the foundation:
a. settlement
b. seepage
c. compression index
d. dip

31.) A bearing pile surrounded by earth and supported entirely by friction; carries no load at its end:
a. Friction pile
b. Load bearing pile
c. Raymond pile
d. Precast pile
e. NOTA

32.) The third requirement to guarantee the correct solution to a structural analysis problem; the
other two being equilibrium and stress-strain relationship. Something to do with consistent
deformations:
a. Compatibility
b. Deflection of structures
c. Plasticity
d. Ductility

33.) The property of the body, as an aircraft, rocket or ship to maintain its latitude or to resist
displacement, and, if displaced, to develop forces and movement tending to restore the original
condition:
a. Inertia
b. Momentum
c. Velocity
d. NOTA

34.) The characteristic or ability of soil to allow water to flow through it:
a. Permeability
b. Compatibility
c. Seepage
d. NOTA
35.) A raised roadway over water or wet marshly ground; structure may consist of an earth bank of fill
material and a pave surface:
 a. Causeway
b. Embankment
c. Bulkheads
d. Breakwater

36.) The region where the ultimate moment strength of a member may be developed and maintained
with the corresponding inelastic rotation:
a. Plastic hinge
b. Elastic limit
c. Proportional limit
d. NOTA

37.) The slow volume reduction of a cohesive soil (clayey soil) under applied loads as in foundation:
a. Consolidation
b. Settlement
c. Creep
d. NOTA

38.) The filling of waste spaces, embankments or construction cavities by sediment or debris carried
by water or a pipe or a flume:
a. Hydraulic fill
b. Tremie
c. Plastic flow of concrete
d. NOTA

39.) The moisture content of a soil at which a given amount of compaction produces the highest value
of dry density:
a. Optimum moisture content
b. Plastic limit
c. Elastic limit
d. Plasticity index

40.) The sum of all forces in the orthogonal directions and the sum of all moments about any point
are zero:
a. Equilibrium
b. Resultant
c. Equilibrant
d. NOTA

41.) The law that relates the linear relationship between stresses and strains:
a. Hookes law
b. Poisson’s law
c. Manaloto’s law
d. Elastic limit
e. Proportional limit

42.) Have the effect of delaying the on set of hardening and usually also of reducing the rate of the
reaction when it does start:
a. Retardant
b. Pozzolan
c. Plasticizer
d. NOTA

43.) Used to give plasticity or cohesion, mainly to mortars, but sometimes also to concrete. They
function by entraining large amount of air and they therefore reduce strength:
a. Plasticizer
b. Pozzolana
c. Air entrainment
d. NOTA

44.) The term given to the tendency for concrete to continue to strain over a period of time when the
stress is constant:
a. Creep
 b. Ductility
c. Compatibility
d. NOTA

45.) The lowest pressure which a retaining structure must be capable of resisting to prevent a soil
mass from collapsing:
a. Passive pressure
b. Active pressure
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. NOTA

46.) Means of spreading foundation loads over a wide are thus minimizing bearing pressures and
limiting settlements:
a. Mat foundation
b. Strap foundation
c. Combined foundation
d. NOTA

47.) A large deformation of a structural member bending out of line because of large and critical loads:
a. Buckle
b. Deflection
c. Settlement
d. NOTA

48.) The weight of water expressed as a percentage of the total dry weight of a soil material:
a. Water content
b. Optimum moisture content
c. Porosity
d. NOTA

50.) Water content corresponding to the limit between the liquid and plastic states of consistency of a
soil:
a. Liquid limit
b. Plastic limit
c. Plasticity index
d. NOTA

51.) A measure of the size of mineral particles of the soil or rock; a physical characteristic of the
particles of the soil which affects its mechanical properties; used in classification and identification of
soils:
a. Sieve analysis
b. Index properties
c. Mechanical analysis
d. NOTA

52.) A liquid mixture of cement and water, or of cement, sand and water:
a. Grout
b. Gunite
c. Dolosse
d. NOTA

53.) It is the maximum angle which soil particles make with the horizontal without causing it to slide:
a. Angle of repose
b. Angle of internal friction
c. Angle of friction
d. Angle of shearing resistance

54.) In the general column formula, the term L/r IS KNOWN AS:
a. Poisson’s ratio
b. Slenderness ratio
c. Rigidity factor
d. Stiffness ratio
55.) The approximate method of analyzing indeterminate modular building frames by assuming
hinges at the center of beam spans and column height:
a. Column analogy
 b. Area-moment method
c. Portal method
d. Plastic design

56.) The state of liquidity occuring generally in granular soils:

a. Shrinkage
b. Creep
c. Liquefaction
d. Lahar

57.) The total lateral force or base shear V given by V = ZIKCSW where Z is a numerical coefficient
that depends on the seismic zone in which the structure is located. The Philippines is in Zone 4 where
Z has the value of:
a. 3/16
b. 1.0
c. 3/8
d. 1 ¼

58.) The energy associated with an earthquake increases with each increase in Richter magnitude by
a factor of:
a. 1.0
b. 10.0
c. 100.0
d. 1000.0

59.) The following statements are correct except:

a. the point of fracture within the earth’s interior where initial slip occur is called the focus
or hypocenter
b. the point on the surface vertically above the focus is the epicenter
c. the magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of its size at its source independent of the
place of observation
d. intensity denotes the potential destructiveness of an earthquake at a given location.

60.) The vector which represents the sum of the group of force vector is called:
a. Force polygon
b. Phase angle
c. Resultant
d. Magnitude

61.) Which of the following is not a vector quantity:

a. Momentum
b. Speed
c. Displacement
d. Acceleration

62.) The moment of inertia of any plane figure can be expressed in units of length to the:
a. First power
b. Third power
c. Second power
d. Fourth power

63.) For a system to be in equilibrium, the sum of the external forces acting on the system must be:
a. Equal to unity
b. A maximum
c. Zero
d. Infinite

64.) Principal stresses occur on those planes:

a. where the shearing stress is zero
b. which are 45 degrees apart
c. where the shearing stress is a maximum
d. which are subjected to pure tension
65.) The force in SI unit is called Newton (N). The unit symbol of a Newton is:
a. kg m/s2
b. kg m2/s2
 c. kg/m2
d. kg m/s

66.) The following are equivalent conversions, except:

a. 1 kgf = 9.81 N
b. 1 mi. = 1.609 km.
c. 1 psi = 6.894 kN/m
d. 1 acre = 0.405 ha.

67.) When air entrainment agent is introduced in a concrete mix:

a. the strength will increase
b. the strength will decrease
c. the strength will not be affected
d. the water cement ratio must be reduced from 10-15%

68.) The spacing limit for shear reinforcement placed perpendicular to the axis of the member shall
not exceed 600 mm. or:
a. d/4
b. d/3
c. d
d. d/2

69.) The linear portion of the stress-strain diagram of steel is known as the:
a. Modulus of elongation
b. Plastic range
c. Elastic range
d. Locus of yield points

70.) The following are weld defects except:

a. fillet and butt
b. bevel and groove
c. horizontal and vertical
d. plug and lap

71.) The “SLENDERNESS RATIO” of a column is generally defined as the ratio of it’s:
a. length to its minimum width
b. unsupported length to its maximum radius of gyration
c. length to its moment of inertia
d. unsupported length to its minimum radius of gyration

72.) The following are non destructive tests in concrete except:

a. Pulse velocity
b. Rebound hammer
c. Penetration
d. Pull out test

73.) The deflection of a beam is:

a. directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia
b. inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and length of the beam cubed
c. inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia
d. directly proportional to the load imposed and inversely to the length squared

74.) Shear wall is:

a. a wall designed to resist lateral pressure to the plane of the wall
b. a wall designed to resist earthquake forces perpendicular to the plane of the wall
c. a type of shear induced in load bearing walls
d. a wall to block the shear caused by seismic moment

75.) Factor β shall be taken as 0.85 for concrete strength f’c up to and including 30 MPa. For the
strength above the 30 MPa, β shall be reduced at a rate of 0.008 for each MPa of the strength in
excess of 30 MPa, but β shall not be taken less than:
a. 0.60
 b. 0.65
c. 0.70
d. 0.75

____________________________________________________________________________________________________
In all pursuits the most important thing that we have and can control is our attitude and
mindset affirmed in our trust of ourselves and our Creator.
Be always inspired and challenged.
In time we will be what we envisioned ourselves to be in God’s will
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