v

Abst
ract
Poli
ceisani mpor t
antor gant oensur ecriminalJust i
cewi t
hot heror gansl i
kecour t
s,prisons,correct i
ons
.From Eur opetoAsi athepur poseofpol icingsystem issameal loverthewor l
d.Buttherear evari
at ionsin
poli
cef orcesandi ntheirwor kingsy st
em andst ructure.Mostofcount ryhast hei
rownmet hodf orthe
system.Thought hedev elopingcount rysomet i
mesf oll
ow thesy stem oft hecount r
ywi thdev eloped
poli
cingsy stem .Howev ert herear emainlyt womaj orformati
onsi npol ici
ngsy st
em throughoutt hewor ld,
Central
izedandDecent ralisedpol ici
ngsy stem.Uni tedStatesofAmer i
cai soneoft heleadingStatewhi ch
fol
low thedecent rali
zedpol i
ci ngsystem.Uni tedki ngdom,Ger manyet c.countr
iesalsof oll
ow thesame
system .Exceptsomest atesl ikethesemostoft hest ates foll
owcent rali
zedpolici
ngsy stem.Bangl adesh
poli
cei scent rali
zed int hatsense. So thisar ti
clei sbasicallyaboutt heU. S.A poli
cing system and
Bangladeshpol ici
ngsy stem andt hei
rbasi cdif
ferences.

I
ntr
oduct
ion
Poli
ceiscivi
lforceofast at
ewhichkeepspeaceandor deri
nsocietyandstate.Thewor d"POLICE"i
sfrom
theGreekwor d"POLIS"thatmeansacityandtheLati
nwor d"POLITEI
A"thatmeanscondi t
ionofastat
eor
government.Accor di
ngt oOxforddict
ionar
y,theterm poli
cemeans' 'A sy stem ofr egul
ati
onfort he
preserv
ati
onofor derandt heenfor
cementofl aw.''
Sopol i
ceist hecivilforceofanat i
onalorlocal
governmentresponsiblefortheprev
entionanddetecti
onofcr i
meandt hemai nt
enanceofpublicorder
.Poli
cehasv erysi
gnifi
cantrol
eandresponsi
bil
it
yin
toensurej ust
iceandenfor
cet helaw.Iti
sv er
ynecessarytoensuresecuri
tyofpeopleinst
ate.sometimes
thegover nmenthastoemploymor epoli
cestomaximi zesecur
it
ywhenpopul at
iongrows.Thisisanwor l
d
widesy st em ofensuri
ng publicsecuri
ty,keepi
ng peaceand or der.Butdaybydayi tisbecomi ng
modernizedandchangi ngitsf or
mat i
onf orthepurposes.Therearetwomaj orformsofpol icesystem
“Centr
alized&Decent r
ali
zed”.U.S.A.,U.K.,GERMANY,I NDI
Aar eusingdecentral
izedpoli
cingsystem
.Exceptt hesemostoft hecount r
iesareusingcentrali
zedpoli
cingsystem whichmeansBangl adeshi s
alsousingdecentral
i
zedpolici
ngsy st
em.
Pol
i
cingsy
stem ofU.
S.AandBangl
adesh
Poli
cet y
pical
lyar er esponsibleformai ntaini
ngpublicorderandsafet
y,enforci
ngt helawandprev enti
ng,
detect
ingandi nv esti
gatingcr i
minalact i
vi
ties.Thesefuncti
onsarebasi
call
yknownaspol i
cingsystem.I n
manycount r
iesl ikeAust ral
ia,Canada,t heUni t
edSt at
es,Unit
edkingdom act uall
yintheEur opeand
Amer i
cacont inentt hereexi stdev elopedpol i
cingsystem whereasinAsi a,Afri
cancontinentpol i
cing
system i
sdev eloping.Her ethepolicingsystem ofBangladeshandU.S.
Awi l
lbediscussed.

UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
¤Pol
i
cingi
nU.
S.A.
Hi
stor
y
Earlypolici
ngi nU.S.Ahi storywasbasedont heancientEngli
shcommonl awsy stem whichr el
iedheav il
y
onci ti
zen,volunt
eers,wat chgr oupsetc.Thef i
rstpol
i
ceDepar tmenti ntheU. S.Awasest abl
ishedi nNew
Yorkci t
yi n1844(of fi
ciall
yi twasor ganisedin1845) .
Howev erthedev elopmentofpol icingi ntheU.S. A
closelyfoll
owedt hedev elopmentofpol i
cinginEngland.Intheear lycol oniespol ici
ngtookt wof orms.It
wasbot hinformalandcommunal ,whichisreferr
edtoas" watch"orpr i
vate-for-profi
tpoli
cing.The" watch"
system wascomposedofcommuni t
ywhosepr i
marydut ywast owar nofi mpendi ngdanger s..Thiswat ch
system wasbasi callyasy stem ofconstables,l
awenf orcementoffi
cer s,usual l
ypai dbythef eesy stem for
war r
antst heyser ved.Howev ertheseinformalmodal iti
esofpol i
cingcont inuedwel laf
tert heAmer i
can
revoluti
on.Thent hef ir
stl ocalmoder npoli
cedepar tment est ablishedi nt heU. SwasBost onpol ice
Depar t
menti n1838f ol
lowi ngbyt heNewYor kCi t
ypoliceDepartment .
Char
act
eri
sti
cs
 Thechar
act
eri
sti
csofU.
Spol
i
cei
sver
ywel
lst
ruct
ured.Most
 oft
hepol
i
ceDepar
tmentofU.
S.Aar
e
managedandst ructuredinaccor di
ngwithfiveprinci
plesofbur eaucr acies
 PoliceDepar tment saremonopol i
esbutstil
lneedt obeaccount ablefort heservicetheypr ovi
de 
 Policedepar tment shavemanyf eatur
esli
kepol i
ceassi stance,publicheal t
hofficeset c.
 Muchoft het askofpol i
cemanagementcanbe  accuratelythoughtofasmanagementofpol i
ce
discreti
on. 
 IntheUni tedSt atesl awenf or cementisprovidedatthel ocal,
county,stateandf ederalGov ernment
l
ev els. 
 Eachst ateshasal awenf or cementagency
 Decent ral
isedpol icingsyst em
 policinginU.Si sconduct edbynumer ousdepar tments likefederalpolicingprocess, stat
epol i
ce,
count ypoliceetc   
 TheFeder alGov ernmenti scomposedoft hreedisti
nctbr anches:  
(i)Legi sl
ative;
(ii
)Execut i
v e; 
(ii
i Judici
al.

Mi
ssi
on&Vi
sion:
Missi
on:protectt
hecongr ess-it
smember s,empl
oyees,
vi
sit
orsandfaci
l
iti
essoitcanf
ulf
ili
ts
const
it
uti
onal
andlegi
slat
iveresponsi
bil
i
tiesi
nasafe,
secureandopenenvi
ronment
.

Visi
on:Tobenati
onall
yrecogni
zedas ar esul
t-or
ient
edl
aw enfor
cementt
hatdemonst
rat
est
he
hi
ghestst
andar
dsofpr
ofessi
onal
ism,secur
it
y,saf
etyandmanagement.

Wel lsot hepol i

cingsy stem isoneoft hemaj orcomponent soft hecr i
minaljust i
cesy stemsoft he
united st at
es.The uni ted stat es has pr obabl ythe mostdecent r
ali
zed pol ice sy stem int he
wor l
d.Bef or
edi scussingt hepol i
cingsy stem weneedt oknow aboutdecent ral i
zati
onpol icing
system.I ti
sbasi cal
lyamodelofst at epol i
cingwhi chcent r
al gov er
nment sexer ciserelati
velyfew
poli
cepower sandi nwhi chmaj or i
tyofpol i
ceser vicesareprov i
dedbysepar at el ocalandr egional
agenci es.Int heU. S.Aev erystat eisent i
tl
edt or unitsownpol icedepar t
ment ,nonecancanpr ev ent
federalorst ateof fi
cialsf r
om conduct inglocali nvest
igat
ionsi ntoof f
ensesov erwhi chtheyhav e
j
urisdiction.
 
Howev erov ert hepasty earsthepol icingsy stem ofAmer icahasbeenconf rontedwi thanar rayof
challenges.Vi olentcr i
meshav ei ncr easedi nmanymaj orci ti
esacr osst hecount ry.Butpol ice
depar t
mentar eef f
ectivelymai ntaini
ngcr i
mer ates.Thepolici
ngsy st
em ofU. S.Ai snowconsi der ed
as a r ole modelf ormaydev eloping count r
ies.
The huge i nv ol
vementofwomen i nt he law
enforcementagencyi spr aisewor thy.Thoughwomenhav etost ruggleforyear stogai naccept ance
i
nt heirwor kpl ace.Cal if
ornianmuni ci pal
swer eamongt hef i
rstt ohirewomenandmi nori
ti
esas
offi
cer s.Anot hersuccessf ulstrategyofU. S.Apol i
cingsystem iscommuni t
ypol i
cing.
UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
¤Pol
i
cingi
nBangl
adesh:
Bangl
adeshpol
i
cei
sthecor
elawenf
orcementagencyi
nBangl
adesh.I
tisadmi
nist
rat
edundert
he
mini
str
yofHomeaf
fai
rsoft
heGover
nmentofBangladesh.
 
Hi
stor
y

Thehi storyandher it
ageofBangl adeshismar kedbyt hebl endofthetraitsofcol
onialimperi
al rule
andthesy stem ofaf eudalsoci
ety.TheBr iti
shwhor uledthiscountr
yhadat wist
edideaofusi ng
poli
ceasani nst
rumentofcoer ciondort heirowni nterest
.Thepol i
cesy stem i
ntr
oduceddur i
ngt hat
peri
od wasgov ernedmor ebyconsiderat i
onofmai ntaini
ngcont r
olofdictator
ialr
ulerathert
han
provi
di ngser vi
cetot hepeople.InPakistanper iodaf t
erthepartit
ionoft hesubconti
nentin
1947,policef or
cei nBangladeshwasf i
rstnamedasEastBengal pol
iceandt henasEastPaki stan
poli
ceandi tcontinuedtof unct
ionasPr ovincialpoli
cef or
cei nthesamel i
neasitwasi ntheBritish

per
iod.

Howeveraft
ertheemergenceofBangl
adeshasani ndependentcount
ryon16December,
1971t
he
exi
sti
ngpoli
ceforceofBangl
adeshgotreshapedandremodel l
edasBangladeshpol
i
ceand
assumedtheroleofanati
onalpol
i
ceforce.Andnowt hesystem i
sdevel
oping.

Goal
s:
AsBangl
adeshpol
i
ce i
snotdev
elopedy
etsot
heyhav
esomepar
ti
cul
argoal
s.

•pr
ev entcommissi
onofcrimeandembr acesci
enti
fi
cmet hodofinvesti
gat
iont obri
ngoffender
s
beforejusti
cewit
hthehelpofwell
-t
rai
nedandcommi tt
edi nv
est
igationoff
icers.
•Guideandassisti
nvest
igat
orstocarr
youtquali
tyi
nvesti
gati
on,expedit
epr ocessoftr
ial
and
contribut
ecrimi
nalj
usti
cesystem.

•
promot
epr
oact
ivemet
hodsofpol
i
cing
 
•Bui
ldacompr ehensi
vecounty-
wideeffecti
ve,qui
ckr
esponseandprof
essionalanti
-ext
remism
poli
ceunitcapabl
eof int
ercepti
ng,neutral
i
zinganddet
ecti
ngext
remism andterror
ism in
Bangladesh.

Char
act
eri
sti
cs:
•cent
ral
izedpolicingsystem
•Hasanat i
onalpol i
ceforce
•Bangl
adeshpol iceisheadedbyI nspectorgener
alofpol
ice(
IGP)underhi
scommandBangl
adesh
poli
ceisdivi
dedi ntodiff
erentbranches. 
•Themostpr omi nentbranchesofBangl adeshpoli
ceare:
-
Rangepol i
ce  
  
 
-
Met ropoli
tanpolice 
-
Speci alBranch
-
Cr i
mi nali
nvesti
gationdepartment(CID)
-
Highwaypol i
ce 
-
Rapidact ionBattali
on

UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
 Mi
ssi
onandVi
sion:
 

Missi
onofBangl adeshpoli
ce–
•
Touphol dther uleoflaw.
•
Toensur esaf et
yandsecur i
tyofcit
izen.
•
Topr eventanddet ectcri
me.
•
Tobr i
ngof fenderstojust
ice.
 
•
Tomai ntainpeaceandpubl icorder
.

Vi
sion:
"
Topr ov
ideser
vicet
oal
lci
ti
zensandmakeBangl
adeshabet
terandsaf
epl
acet
oli
veandwor
k".
Uni
tedNat
ion'
soper
ati
on:

I
twi llbea i nj
usti
ceifwedon’ tmention aboutt
hepr ai
sewort
hyremarkablecontri
buti
on of
BangladeshpoliceintheUN- PEACEKEEPING operati
ons.Bangl
adeshpol
i
cehasnow been4t h
pol
ice contri
buti
ng countr
y.Itallst
arted i
n 1989 when i
tleftbehi
nd i
tgl or
ious chapt
erby
part
ici
pating i
nt heUnited Nati
onsTransi
ti
on Assist
ancegroup inanAFRI CAN statenamed
NAMI BA.
Howev erBangl adeshpolicinghasst i
l
lal ottodev el
op.Bangladeshpoli
ceisbasicall
ycentrali
zed
system whi chmeanst hel awenf orcementoft hest ateisorgani
sedwi t
hacent r
alcommandt hat
assi
stsl ocaldepartments.InBangl adeshpol i
cing,COMMUNI TY pol
ici
ng isalso apar toft he
system.I tisan organisation wit
ht heaim ofpr omoting community,gover
nmentand pol i
ce
part
nershi ps.Basi
call
ythecommuni tyengagementt oaddressthecausesofcr i
me,f earofcri
me
andcommuni tyissues.Communi typol i
cinghasav erypositi
veimpacti nBangladesh'
scr i
me
solv
ingi ssues.AnothergreatachievementofBangl adeshpoli
ceisthei
nv ol
vementofwomeni nthe
poli
cef orce.Womenf i
rstjoinedinBangl adeshpol i
cef or
cein1974.Womenpol i
ceofBangl adesh
evencont r
ibut
ingtotheUNPEACEKEEPI NG MI SSION. 

Wellsoi
nshort,Bangl
adeshpol
i
cingsy
stem hasdev
elopedal
otov
ert
hepastf
ewy
ear
s,t
houghi
t
hasasti
l
llott
odev el
op.
Or
gani
sat
ionsofU.
SPol
i
ce:
There’
snonat ionalpoli
cefor
ceintheU.S,wherepolici
ngisorganisedonast at
eandlocalbasis.
Thecountryhasar ound500,000poli
ceoffi
cersandat otalof40,
000separ at
epoli
ceforces,ov
er
hal
fofwhi char esimplyoneort wo-mansherif
fs’offi
cesinsmal ltowns.Ther
eare17,985U. S.
pol
ice agencies int he Uni
ted St
ates which i
nclude County Sheri
ff,Cit
y and St
ate Poli
ce
Depart
ment s,
andFeder alLawEnfor
cementAgencies.
Feder al
:atthef eder allevel
,ther eexist sbot hfeder alpol
ice,whopossessf ul
lfeder al aut hori
tyas
givent othem underUni tedSt atesCode( U.S.C.),andf ederall aw enforcementagenci es,whoar e
authori
zedt oenf or cev ari
ousl awsatt hef ederall evel
.Bothpol i
ceandl aw enf orcementagenci es
operateatt hehighestl evelandar eendowedwi t
hpol i
ceroles;eachmaymai ntainasmal lcomponent
oftheot her(forexampl e,theFBIPol i
ce) .Theagenci eshavenationwi dejur
isdictionf orenfor cementof
federallaw.Mostf ederalagenci esarel imi t
edbyt heU. S.Codet oi nvesti
gat i
ngonl ymat t
er sthatar e
expli
citl
ywi thi
nthepoweroft hef ederalgov er
nment .TheDepar tmentofJust i
ce( DOJ)i sr esponsible
formostl aw enf or cementdut iesatt hef ederallev el.
[Iti
ncludest heFeder alBur eauofI nv esti
gation
(FBI)
,t heDr ugEnf or
cementAdmi nistration( DEA) ,theBur eauofAl cohol ,Tobacco,Fi rearms,and
Explosives(ATF), theUni tedStatesMar shal sService, t
heFederal BureauofPr i
sons( BOP)andot hers.
StatePolice:
IntheUni tedSt at
es,t hestatepoliceisapol icebodyuni quetoeachU. S.state,havingst at
ewi de
authorit
yt oconductl awenf orcementact i
viti
esandcr i
mi nali
nvesti
gati
ons.Ingeneral,statepolice
offi
cers,knownasst atetr
ooper s.
Agener altrendhasbeent obringalloftheseagenci esundera
state-l
evelDepar tmentofPubl ic Safety.Addi ti
onal
l
y ,they may serve underdi fferentst ate
depar t
ment s,suchast heHi ghwayPat rolundert hestateDepar t
mentofTr ansportati
onandt he
mar inepatrolundert heDepar tmentofNat uralResources.Twenty-t
hreeU.S.statesuset heterm
"StatePolice.
"Forty-ninestateshav eaSt at
ePol iceagencyoritsequival
ent,withHawai ibeingt he
onlyst atewi th a Sherif
fDi visi
on oft heHawai iDepar t
mentofPubl i
cSaf etywi th stat
ewi de
j
ur i
sdicti
on.
UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
 Count yPolice:
Count ypol i
cetendtoexistonlyinmet ropolit
ancountiesandhav ecountywidej uri
sdicti
on.For
placest hathav ebothcountypoli
ceandcount ysheri
ff
,responsibil
i
tiesaregiv entoeach.The
count ypolicearei
nchargeoftypi
calpol i
cedut i
essuchaspat rolandinvesti
gations.Wher easthe
sheriff
s'depar t
mentinthissit
uati
ont akescar eofservingpapersandpr ovi
dingsecur it
yt othe
courts.Count ypoli
cetendt ofal
lintot hreebr oadcategori
es,fullservi
ce,l
imi tedser v
ice,and
restr
icti
veser vi
ce.Ful
lservi
ceprovidesf ullpoli
ceservi
cest otheent i
recounty.Limitedser vi
ce
providest ot heuni
ncorpor
atedandspeci aldistr
ict
s.Restr
ictedserviceprovi
desecur it
yt othe
count y-
ownedpar t
softhecounty.
Sherif
f’sOf f
ice's: 
Sheri
ffsarenotpol iceandhav emanydiffer
entresponsibi
li
ti
es.Sheri
ff
sare electedoffici
alswher
e
theheadofpol iceisappointedorhir
edin.Sheri
ff
sar eresponsibl
eforal
lthr
eepartsofthecr i
minal
j
ust i
cesy stem.Theyuphol dt hecountyj
ail
,ensur
esaf et
ywi t
hinthecourt
s,andhavejuri
sdicti
onto
enforcelawsi nt heentir
ecount y
.Theyhavemor eresponsibi
li
ti
essuchast r
ansport
ingprisoners,
runningcr i
mel abs,andcollecti
ngtaxes.

Munici
pal :
Municipalpol
icerangef
rom one-
off
iceragenci
es(
somet i
messtil
lcall
edthetownmarshal)t
othe
40,
000per son-st
rongNew YorkCit
yPol i
ceDepar
tment.Mostmuni ci
palagenci
estaketheform
(Municipal
i
tyName)Poli
ceDepartment.Mostmuni
cipal
i
tieshav
etheirownpoli
cedepart
ments.
Met
ropol
i
tandepar
tment
s:
Metropoli
tandepar
tmentssuchastheLasVegasMet r
opoli
tanPoli
ceDepar
tment,
havejur
isdict
ion
coveri
ng multi
ple communiti
es and munici
pali
ti
es,oft
en ov era wide ar
ea ty
pical
ly share
geographi
calboundari
eswithi
noneormor eciti
esorcount i
es.Metr
opol
it
andepartmentshav e
usuall
ybeenformedbyamer gerbetweenl
ocalagenci
es.
Or
gani
sat
ionsofBangl
adeshPol
i
ce:
Asment i
onedear
li
erBangl
adeshPol
icei
sheadedbytheInspectorGener
alofPol
i
ce(
IGP)
,under
whosecommand,Bangl
adeshPoli
cei
sdiv
idedi
ntodi
ff
erentbranches.
Met
ropol
i
tanpol
i
ce:
metr
opol
i
tan Pol
iceisaspeciali
zed uni
tofBangl
adesh Pol
i
ce.Therear
eei ghtuni
tin ei
ght
metr
opol
i
sareainBangl
adesh.Thi
sunitwasf
ormedin1976byest
abl
ishi
ngofDhakaMetropol
i
tan
Pol
i
ce.
Speci
alBr
unch:
TheSpeci alBranchorSBi sthepr imeintell
igenceagencyofBangl adeshPolice,beinganimpor tant
agencyi ntheBangl adeshi i
ntell
i
gencecommuni ty
.Theagencyhasar ound64di stri
ctbasedof fi
ces,
call
edDi stri
ctSpeci alBr anch( DSB)andal sohasof ficesinmanyUpazi la/Thanaar eas.Al lt he
member sarer ecruitedf rom theBangl adeshPol i
ce.TheSB( Speci
alBranch)hast wel
vedi fferent
wingst hroughwhi chi tcar r
iesoutt hedirecti
vesoft heGov ernment.Thi
si stheonl yintell
igence
outfi
tofBangl adeshwhi chwor ksi nallstr
ategic,oper ati
onalandtacti
call
ev el
s.Theor gani sation
al
sohast hecapabi li
tytowor kwi thi
nandout si
det hecount ry
.Majorresponsibi
lit
iesofthisbr anch
aretomeetupanyi ntelli
gencer equir
edf rom gov ernment ,r
egist
rat
ionandcont rolofforeigner s,
perf
or mv eri
fi
cat i
onr ole,givepr otecti
ont ot heVVI Ps&VI Ps,int
ell
i
gencegat hering,i
mmi gration
controletc.
TheCr i
minalInvest
igati
onDepartment: 
TheCr i
minalInvest
igati
onDepartment(CID)isaspecial
izedwingoftheBangl
adeshPoli
ce.I
t
carr
iesoutinvesti
gati
onsintocri
mes,incl
udingterr
ori
sm, murdersandorgani
zedcr
ime.I
talso
giv
esf or
ensicsupport.I
tisheadquar
teredinMalibagh,Dhaka.

Pol
ice Bur
eau ofInvesti
gati
on (PBI)
:Poli
ce Bureau ofInvest
igat
ion i
s a speci
ali
zed uni
tof
Bangladesh Poli
ce.The Poli
ce Bureau ofInv
est
igat
ion wasf or
med on 18 Sep 2012 toi nv
esti
gat
e
"sensati
onal
"anddiff
icul
tcases.

UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
 Speci
al Securi
tyandPr otect
ionBatt
alion(SPB):
I
ti sabr anchoft heBangladeshPol i
ce.Thebat tali
onisr ai
sedasaspeci al
izedpoli
ceunitt o
providepr otect
iont othePresidentofBangl adesh,PrimeMi ni
sterofBangladesh,andanyper son
designatedasVI Pbyt heGovernmenti ncl
udingv i
siti
ngfor
eigndigni
tar
ies.I
tisalsoresponsi
blefor
thesecur ityofVIPs’of fi
cesandr esidencesandv enuesofprograms.Itwor ksalongsi
deSpeci al
Secur i
tyFor ce,
Speci alBr
anch,DhakaMet ropoli
tanPol i
ce(
DMP)andPr esi
dentGuar dRegi
ment.
Rapi
dAct i
onBatt
ali
on( RAB):
Iti
sanel i
teanti
-cr
imeandant i
-t
err
ori
sm uni
toftheBangl
adeshPoli
ce.I
tconsi
stsofmember
sof
theBangladeshPolice,Bangl
adeshArmy,Bangl
adeshNavy,Bangl
adeshAirFor
ce,Bor
derGuar
d
BangladeshandBangladeshAnsar.

Speci
alWeaponsAndTact i
cs(SWAT):
Iti
sthepoli
cetacti
calunitoft
heDhakaMet ropol
i
tanPoli
ceoftheBangladeshPol
ice.Theyoper
ate
underSpecialActi
onGr oupoftheCount erTerr
ori
sm andTr ansnat
ionalCri
me.TheSWATwas
for
medt orecoveri
ll
egalarmsandarresthardcor
eterr
ori
stsandhasav i
talr
olei
nneutral
izi
ngany
andallt
hreats.
Air
portArmedPoli
ce: .
 
 
Itisthespeci
alizedunitofBangladeshPoliceresponsibleforsecur
it
yintheHazr
atShahj
alal
I
nter
nati
onalAi
rportofDhaka,
thelargestandbusi
estairportofBangl
adesh.
.
Itper
formstheresponsi
bil
it
yofsecuringtheai
rpor
tindependently
. 
CounterTer
ror
ism andTransnat
ionalCri
me( CTTC):It
 isaspeci
aluni
tofDhakaMet
ropol
i
tan
Pol
icefor
medtot ackl
eter
ror
ism andtr
ansnat
ional
cri
me. 
Tour
istPoli
ce:I
tisaspeci
albranchoftheBangladeshPol
i
ce,r
esponsi
blef
ori
nvest
igat
ingcr
imes
agai
nsttour
ist
sandprovi
dingsecur
it
yintour
istareas.
I
ndust
ri
alPoli
ce:Iti
saspecial
izeduni
tofBangl
adeshPol
i
cer
esponsi
blef
orpr
ovi
dingsecur
it
yin
I
ndust
ri
alzonesofBangl
adesh.

Compar ativeDi scussi on:

U.S.pol icebasi call
yf ol l
ow t heDecent rali
zedpol i
cingsy stem.Whi chmeansal mostal l oft he
statesofU. S.Aisent itledtohav ei tsownpol i
cedepar t
ment .Ont heot herhandBangl adeshpol ice
foll
owt hecent r
alizedpol i
cingsy stem.Whi chmeanst helawenf orcementsy st
em ofBangl adeshi s
organizedwi thacent r alcommand. Soher eist hebasi cdifferencebet weenBangl adeshandU. S. A
polici
ngsy stem.Themai nst r
uct ureisdi ff
erentfrom i sot her .Bangl adeshpol i
cehasnat i
onal
policefor ceont heot herhandU. S. Adonothav eanynat i
onal poli
cef orce.
Howev ert hemai nai m oft heU. S.AandBangl adeshpol icei salmostsame.Bot hwantt oprevent
crime,mai nt ainpeaceandor der,pr ot
ectionofl i
feandpr oper ty,ensur elaw enf or
cement.The
polici
ngsy st em isv eryol dcompar edtoBangl adeshpol i
cingsy stem.That ’swhyi ti
ssoobv ious
thattheyar emor esuccessf ult
hanBangl adeshpolicingsy stem.U. SPol i
cingsy st
em iskindofr ole
modelt oBangl adeshpol i
cingsy stem.ButBangl adeshpol icei snomor el aggingbehind.The
tradit
ional roleofBangl adeshpol icehasgoneasi gnificantchange.
AdvantagesofU.S&Bangl adeshpol
icing:
AsU. S.
Af oll
ow t
hedecent r
ali
zedpoli
cingsystem andBangl
adeshf
ollow t
hecentral
i
zedpol
i
cing
syst
em sot headvantagesofbot hofthesepoli
cingsyst
em wi
l
lbeappl
icabl
ef ort
hem.
Advantagesofcentrali
zati
on:
1.
Effecti
vecontr
olov ertheentir
eadmi ni
str
ati
onsy st
em
2.
Uni
for
m pol
i
cies,
met
hods,
andpr
ocedur
es 
3.
Cent
ral
i
zat
ionencour
agesandper
mitper
sonal
leader
shi
p.
4.
Cent
ral
i
zat
ionper
mit
sfl
exi
bil
i
tyandadapt
abi
l
ityoft
heor
gani
sat
iont
othechangedci
rcumst
ances
5.
Improvedqual
i
tyofwor
kispossi
blei
ncent
ral
i
zat
ionbecauseofst
andar
diz
edpr
ocedur
eand
bet
tersuper
visi
on 
6.Cent
ral
izat
ion f
aci
l
itat
e bet
tercoordi
nat
ion among var
ious operat
ions.Dir
ect cont roland
super
visi
onarefacil
i
tat
edwhichr
esult
sinl
essli
keli
hoodofconf
li
ctofauthori
tyanddupli
cat
ionofwork
UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
 7.
Qui
ck I
mpl
ement
ati
onofdeci
sions.
8.
Unif
ormi
tyi
nact
ioni
sest
abl
i
shedt
hroughoutt
heor
gani
sat
ionbecauseofcent
raladmi
nist
rat
ive
cont
rol
..
9.
Eval
uat
ionofdepar
tment
alact
ivi
ty
10.
Cent
ral
Depar
tmentof
fi
cer
'sar
eexper
ienced
Adv
ant
agesof
 Decent
ral
i
zat
ion :
 
1.
Easi
erCommuni
cat
ionwi
thoper
ati
ngDepar
tment
 
2.
Undi
vi
dedAut
hor
it
y&Responsi
bil
i
ty 
3.
Eff
ici
ency
 
4.
Secr
ecyofDepar
tmenti
swel
lmai
ntai
ned
5.
Del
ayi
nper
for
mingi
ntheoper
ati
oni
sav
oided 
6.
Thei
nter
act
ionwi
l
lbedev
elopedmor
ewi
thpeopl
eandi
twi
l
lhel
pthepol
i
cet
obecomef
ri
endl
y
7.
Thel
ocal
lawagenci
eswi
l
lbei
ndependentandwi
l
lgetf
reedom i
nper
for
mingi
tsdut
ies
9.
Nei
therst
ategov
ernmentnort
hepol
i
ceheadquar
tercanexer
cisedi
rectcont
rol
overl
ocal
lawagenci
es.
Di
sadv
ant
agesofU.
S.A&Bangl
adeshpol
i
cingsy
stem:
Thedisadv
ant
agesofdecentr
ali
zat
ionpol
i
cing sy
stem and cent
ral
i
zed pol
i
cing sy
stemswi
lal
so be
appl
i
cablef
orbot
hthecount
ri
estoo.
Di
sadv
ant
agesofcent
ral
i
zat
ion:
1.Ov
erbur
denedcent
ral
Aut
hor
it
y
2.
Aut
ocr
ati
cCont
rol
oversubor
dinat
e
3.
NoSecr
ecy
 
4.
Possi
bil
i
tiesofpowermi
suse
Di
sadv
ant
ageofDecent
ral
i
zat
ion:
1.
Underdecent
ral
i
sat
ion,
iti
snotpossi
blet
ofol
l
owuni
for
m pol
i
ciesandst
andar
disedpr
ocedur
es.
 
2.Decentr
ali
sat
ion ofauthor
it
ycr
eat
es pr
obl
ems ofco-
ordi
nat
ion as aut
hor
it
yli
es di
sper
sed wi
del
y
throughoutt
heorgani
sati
on.
3.I
tcr
eat
espr
obl
em ofCooper
ati
onofwor
kamongt
hedi
ff
erentdepar
tment
s.
Evaluat
ion:
Ast her
ei snot hingi nthewor ldwi t
hf l
awssobot ht heU. S.AandBangl adeshpol i
cingsy stem hav enegat i
ve
andposi tivesides.
Theposi tivesidesofU. S.Apol i
ce are-diversi
f i
cationofact iv
iti
es, decent ralizationpol i
cingsy stem lett hem
devotet he t i
me av ai
labl ef ori mpor t
antact ivit
ies.I thel ps t ot ake qui ck and wi se deci sion.Thi s
decentralizati
onsy stem r educest hebur denoft opexecut i
vessot heycanputemphasi zeonot heri ssues,
i
talsoensur eef fectivecont rol.ButasU. S.Apol icingsy stem f oll
owt hedecent rali
zedsy stem sot her ear e
somepr oblemsofcoor dinati
onamongt hev ari
ousuni t
s.Italsoi ncreaset headmi ni
strat i
veexpense, high
costofoper ations.Ther eexistal ackofuni formi tyet c.Allthesepr obl emshampert hepol ici
ngsy st ems.
These pr oblem l ead t he pol i
ce to do some ser i
ous mi sconduct ,cr ime as pol ice br utalit
y,sexual
misconductet c.Cor ruptionisabi gissue.Ast hecent ralcommi t
teedonothav emuchr ightsov ert hest ate
socor r
upt ion,nepot ism takepl aceof t
en.Accor dingt oasur veylesst han10%ofof fi
cer sgeti nvest igat ed
forami sconduct .A r epor tpubl i
shed atl east2227i nstancesf r
om al lt hest atesofU. S.A ofper jury,
tamperingwi t
hev i
denceandsexual misconduct .
IntermsofBangl adeshpol i
cingsy stem, ithasanat ionalpol i
cef orce.Al lthepower sar eaccumul atedt o
thecent ralcommand.Thi scent r
ali
zedpol i
cingsy stem i mprov ethequal ityofwor k,ithasf ocusedv ision
andmosti mpor tantlyreducet hehi ghcost  ofoper ations,admi nistr
at ivesy stem.Butt hi sisact uallyki nd
UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA
offri
gidsy stem compar edt othepol i
cingsy st
em oftheU. S.
A.Mor eoverBangl adeshpol i
cehasbeen
cri
ti
cized forhaving polit
icali
nfluencei nal llevel
s.Corrupti
oniswi despread among Pol i
ces.Pol i
ce
devi
ancei sv er
ycommonher eli
kebr eakingsomeone' spersonalpri
vacy,misl
eadingt heproof,nepoti
sm,
sexualharassment ,sl
eepingatof fi
cet i
meet c.Inasur v
eyconduct edbyTr anspar encyInter
nationalon
dail
ylivesandcorrupti
on26. 4%peopl eclaimedt ocomecont r
acttothepolicefordailyliv
esserv i
ceamong
whom 74. 6% hadt obribepol i
ce. Sexualmi sconducti
soneoft hebiggestr easonsbehi ndwhysome
womenst i
llhavefeart
ojoinpoliceforces   
  

Botht hesy stem hav ef laws.IfU.S.poli

cingsy stem usecent r
ali
zedpol i
cingsy st
em sot hecostwi l
lbe
reduced, 
pol i
cemi sconductwillbereducedast hecent ralcommandwi llhavemor epowerOv erthesy stem
andj uri
sdicti
on.Ont heot hersideifBangladeshpol i
cingsy stem adoptthedecent ral
i
zedsy stem t
hent he
missionandv isioncanbeachi ev edmoreeasi l
y,theinteracti
onwi t
ht hepeopl ewil
lbedev el
opedwhichwi l
l
helpt hepolicedepar t
mentt obecomemor efri
endlyandt hef l
awsofBangl adeshpoli
ceact -
1861shoul d
ber emov edandt heactshoul dbef ol
lowedbyt hepol i
cesofBangl adesh.Act ual
lyami xt
ureofcentrali
zed
anddecent r
alizedpol i
cingsystem wouldhav ebeengr eatf orboththecountries.
Concl
usi
on:
Thefir
standf
oremostdutyofpoli
cingi
stomai ntai
nthel
aw,andpr
eventcr
ime.Thepol
i
cingsy
stem of
U.S.
AandBangl
adeshbothareheadi
ngtoful
fi
lthisduty
.
Bangladeshpolicethesinglemostinsti
tuti
onentrust
edwi t
ht heresponsibi
lit
yofensur ingruleoflawand
humanr i
ghtsi
nBangl adesh.Thoughpolici
nginBangladeshhasbeenpassi ngt hroughacr i
tical
period.But
sooni t
'l
lberepair
ed.Basicpoli
cingsystem shouldbereint
roducedt oreducethepol icedevianceand
i
ncreaset hei
rmor alv
aluesHowev er Sothedaysmaynotbesof arwhenBangl adeshpol i
cewi l
lappearto
anexpect edpubli
cagency appr ovedandownedbyt hecit
izenry
.Ont heot herhandexceptsome
controversi
estheU.Spol i
ci
ngismuchenr i
ched.TheflawsthatU.S.Apol i
cingsy stem haveshouldbe
reducedassoonaspossi bleasthepoli
cingsystem ofU.S.
Ai sconsideredasr olemodel tothedev elopi
ng
country.

UNI
VERS
ITYOFDHAKA