Project Infra Services -Sector 4 - Palava-II

Title Structural Design of Storm Water Drain 450x1000 At Parking Area

Document ACM-LP-ST-0401 A
Rev No 1
(Reference drawing_ACM_LP_545_SW_5052 & ACM_LP_545_SW_5076 )

1.1 Input of Drain

Width of Drain(W) = 450 mm
Depth of Drain(D) = 1000 mm

Thickness of Top Slab(T2) = 200 mm

Thickness of Side Wall(T1) = 200 mm
Thickness of Bottom Raft/Slab(T3) = 200 mm
Load Case-1:Earth Pressure(submerged) is considered on Side Wall with
Live Load Surcharge & Live Load Class A Single Lane dispersed on Top Slab
Earth Cushion= 0 BM + DBM + WMM = 0
200
1000

200

200
450 200

(Dimension in mm)
1.2 Input of Material
Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3
Density of Soil (in Dry Condition),gdry = 1.8 T/m3
Density of Soil(Submerged Condition),gsub = 0.8 T/m3
Density of Wearing Coat = 2.2 T/m3
Density of Water,gw = 1.0 T/m3
2.1 Design Parameter
1 Grade of Concrete = M25
2 Grade of steel = Fe500
3 Clear Cover for earth face structural component = 50 mm
4 Clear Cover for inside face structural component = 50 mm
5 Soil Bearing Capacity = 10 T/m2
2.2 Design Philosophy
This structure is designed in Limit State Method checking the Crack Width following the
Code IS-3370 Clause 4.4.1 & IS-456
Stability Check against Uplift is checked here
Overturning & Sliding are not checked here as back filling is to be accomplished at Site
Construction from Both Side Equally
The design calculation is based on per running meter width strip

1
3.1 Load Calculation
Coefficient of static earth pressure,k0 = 0.500
850

450
1400

1000

2
1.960 T/m

2
Soil Pressure in Submerged Condition,Ko gsub x h 0.5*0.8*1.4 = 0.560 T/m
2
Water Pressure in Submerged Condition,gw x h 1.4*1.0 = 1.400 T/m
2
Total Pressure acts on Wall 0.56+1.4 = 1.960 T/m

3.1.1 Calculation of Selfweight of Box Drain

Self-weight of Top Slab 0.85x0.2x2.5 = 0.425 T/m
Self-weight of Wall 2*0.2*1*2.5 = 1.000 T/m
Self-weight of Bottom Slab 0.2*0.85*2.5 = 0.425 T/m
Total Self weight of Box drain 0.425+1+0.425 = 1.850 T/m
2
3.1.2.1 Cushion acts on Top Slab 0*2.2+(0-0)*1.8 = 0.000 T/m
Total Load acts on Top Slab due to Cushion Load 0*0.85 = 0.000 T/m
AS Class A Single Lane is considered so Live Load is not considered here in the influence Zone of
Class -A Single Lane
2
3.1.3 Live Load Surcharge acts on Wall 1.2m of Earth Fill 1.2*1.8 = 1.080 T/m Ref Cl-214.1

IRC-6:2014

850

450
1400

1000

2
1.080 T/m
Live Load Surcharge acts on Wall

2
3.4.2 Live Load _Class -A Single Lane applied on TOP Slab

Road Width Traffic Direction

Drain across Road

Road Width = 30.0 m

0.325m 0.325m

0 mm Total Earth Cushion

0.65m

For 11.4T Axle Load

The effective span = 0.650 m

Distance of the center of gravity of the = 0.325 m

concentrated load from the nearer support

The breadth of concentration area of the load,i.e., the

dimension of the tyre or track contact area over the road
surface of the slab in a direction at right angles to the span plus
twice the thickness of the wearing coat or surface finish above
the structural slab,
= 0.500 m (0.5+2x0)

b/leff 30/0.65 = 46.15 m

Constant depending upon the ratio of width of slab to span of slab, = 2.62 Ref Cl 305.16.2 IRC-21

3
The effective width of slab on which the load acts,
=aa(1-a/leff) + = 0.926 m
2.62*0.325*(1-(0.325/0.65)))+0.5
30.000 m

0.500 0.500

5.700T 5.700T

1.800

0.200
0.926
0.926
Not overlap across 0.926

Dispersion across span

(Dimension in meter)

Impact Factor is Not considered here = 0.0

Dispersion across width = 0.926 m Not overlap across

Dispersion along Span 0.25+2*(0.2+0) = 0.650 m

= 0.650
2
Dispersion of Loads 1*5.7*(1+0)/(0.926*0.65) = 9.47 T/m

1.2m

0m

0.65m

4
 9.470 t/M

0.65m

A B
Dispersion along span
Reaction at B,Rb= 3.078 T

Reaction at A,Ra= 3.078 T

End Support considering Simply Supported
B.M at Span = 0.500 T-m 9.47*0.65^2/8

Total FEMAB = -0.333 T-m 9.47*0.65^2/12

Total FEMBA = 0.333 T-m

5
 AS Class A Single Lane is considered so Live Load is not considered here in the influence
Zone of Class -A Single Lane
2
Total Bearing Pressure (1.85+0)/0.85+(9.47*0.65)/0.85 = 9.4 T/m
2
Soil Bearing Pressure in gross 10+1.8*1.4 < 12.5 T/m OK
2
3.1.4 Total Bearing Pressure = 9.4 T/m OK
3.1.5 Stability Check against uplift
Total Selfweight of Structure = 1.85 T/m
Uplift Pressure = 1.40 T/m Ref Code IS-3370
Factor of Safety against uplift = 1.32 > 1.20 OK

650

A B
1200

D C

6
3.2 Fixed End Moment by Loads acted on the Structure
3.2.1 Fixed End Moment at TOP Slab
Fixed End Moment at TOP Slab_AB
S/w of Top Slab + Earth Cushion Load
0.654 T/m/meter width (0.425+0+0)/0.65

A B

1200

650

D C

Fixed Bending Moment acting at Member AB,at A

FEMAB 0.654*(0.65)^2/12 = -0.023 T-m

Fixed Bending Moment acting at Member BA,at B

FEMBA 0.654*(0.65)^2/12 = 0.023 T-m
3.2.2 Fixed End Moment at Side Wall_AD & BC due to Earth Pressure & Live Load Surcharge

A B
1200

650

2 2
1.960 T/m D C 1.960 T/m
Earth Pressure Diagram

7
Calculation of Fixed End Moment

Due to Earth Pressure,

Fixed End Moment at AD & BC,FEMAD & -FEMBC 1.96*(1.2)^2/30 = 0.094 T-M
Fixed End Moment at DA & CB,FEMDA & -FEMCB 1.96*(1.2)^2/20 = -0.141 T-M

Due to Live Load Surcharge,

Fixed End Moment at AD & BC,FEMAD & -FEMBC 1.08*(1.2)^2/12 = 0.130 T-M
Fixed End Moment at DA & CB,FEMDA & -FEMCB 1.08*(1.2)^2/12 = -0.130 T-M

3.2.3 Fixed End Moment at Bottom Slab/Raft_DC

Upward Force Due S/W & LL acts at CD = 9.418 T/m
Buyoant Force acts at CD = 1.400 T/m
Total uplift Force = 8.018 T/m 9.418-1.4

A B
1200

650

D C

8.018 T/m/meter width

Fixed End Moment at DC,FEMDC 8.018*(0.65)^2/12 = 0.282 T-M

Fixed End Moment at DC,FEMCD -8.018*(0.65)^2/12 = -0.282 T-M

8
3.2.4 Summary of Moments

A B
-0.356 (Selfweight +Earth Cushion + Class A SL Load) 0.356

-0.224
Earth Pressure 0.224
+
Live Load
Surcharge Load
1200

650
-0.271

0.271
D 0.282 -0.282 C

Fixed End Moment

9
3.3.1 Calculations of Distribution Factors

0.649 0.649

A B

0.351

0.351
m
1.200

0.650 m

0.351
0.351 D C

0.649 0.649

DISTRIBUTION FACTORS OF MEMBERS

E,Youngs Modulas = 25000 Mpa
2
= 3E+06 T/m

4
Moment of Inertia,IAB(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T23) = 7E-04 m
4
Moment of Inertia,IAD(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T13) = 7E-04 m
4
Moment of Inertia,IDC(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T33) = 7E-04 m

Stifness of Member AB/BA_4EIAB/LAB = 10256 T/m

Stifness of Member AD/DA_4EIAD/LAD = 5556 T/m
Stifness of Member DC/CD_4EIDC/LDC = 10256 T/m

Distribution Factor at A
Distribution Factor of Member_AB,4EIAB/(4EIAB+4EIAD) = 0.649
Distribution Factor of Member_DA,4EIAD/(4EIAB+4EIAD) = 0.351
Distribution Factor at B
Distribution Factor of Member_BA,4EIBA/(4EIBA+4EIBC) = 0.649
Distribution Factor of Member_BC,4EIBC/(4EIBA+4EIBC) = 0.351
Distribution Factor at C
Distribution Factor of Member_CB,4EICB/(4EICB+4EICD) = 0.351
Distribution Factor of Member_CD,4EICD/(4EICB+4EICD) = 0.649
Distribution Factor at D
Distribution Factor of Member_DA,4EIDA/(4EIDA+4EIDC) = 0.351
Distribution Factor of Member_DC,4EIDC/(4EIDA+4EIDC) = 0.649

10
3.3.2 Moment Distribution

A B C D
AD AB BA BC CB CD DA DC
DF 0.35 0.65 0.65 0.35 0.35 0.65 0.35 0.65
FEM 0.224 -0.356 0.356 -0.224 0.271 -0.282 -0.271 0.282
BALANCE 0.05 0.09 -0.09 -0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.01
COM 0.00 -0.04 0.04 0.00 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00
BALANCE 0.02 0.03 -0.03 -0.02 0.01 0.02 -0.01 -0.02
COM 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01
BALANCE 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01
COM 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.01
BALANCE 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.01
COM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
COM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
COM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
COM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
COM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Final
0.287 -0.287 0.287 -0.287 0.259 -0.259 -0.259 0.259
Moments

A -0.287 0.287 B
-0.287
0.287
-0.259

0.259

D C

0.259 -0.259

Balanced Fixed End Moment

11
3.3.3 End Support Conditions considered as Simply Supported to obtain Maximum Span Moment
Span Moment at Top Slab AB due to S/w of Top Slab & Live Load = 0.535 T-m
0.654*0.65^2/8+0.5

A B

Span Moment= 0.535 T-m

if End Condition - simply supported

Span Moment at Wall AD/BC due to Earth Pressure

(1/7.81)*WL
D

1.960 T/m2

Total Load,W = 1.176 T 0.5*1.96*1.2

L,length of Wall = 1.200 m
Bending Moment at Span = 0.181 T-m 1/7.81*1.176*1.2

12
Span Moment at Wall AD/BC due to Live Load Surcharge

A
1.080 T/m2

0.194 T-m

D
Span Moment at Bottom Slab CD due to Bearing Pressure

8.018*0.65^2/8= 0.423 T-m

C D

8.018 T/m/meter width

13
3.3.4 After Super-Imposed of Balanced Fixed End Moment & Span Moment for Simply Supported
-0.287 0.248 T-m -0.287 T-m

-0.078 -0.078 T-m

-0.259 T-m -0.259 T-m

0.164 T-m
Bending Moment Inside Tension considered as Positive

14
4.1 Design of Top Slab
Maximum Support Moment
Maximum Span Moment
Dia of Reinforcement
Effective Depth required
Over all Depth Required
Provided Depth
Effective Depth provided
Primary Reinforcement at Top Slab- Support End TOP (Marked in drawing as "e")
Mu/bd2
= 0.287 T-m
= 0.248 T-m
= 8 mm
= 35.88 mm sqrt(0.287*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000)
= 89.88 mm 35.875+8/2+50
= 200 mm OK
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
= 0.202 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.047 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 68.62 mm 0.047*146*1000/100
Provided ("e" ) 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.230 %

e (Inner face reinforcement not shown for clarity)

a

Primary Reinforcement at Top Slab- Span Bottom (Marked in drawing as "g")

Mu/bd2 = 0.175 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.040 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 58.40 mm 0.04*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing
150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Secondary Reinforcemnt at Top Slab Top (Marked in drawing as "f")
2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Top Slab BOTTOM (Marked in drawing as "h")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

15
4.2 Design of Side Wall
Maximum Support Moment = 0.287 T-m
Maximum Span Moment = 0.078 T-m
Dia of Reinforcement = 8 mm
Effective Depth required = 35.88 mm SQRT(0.287*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000)
Over all Depth Required = 89.88 mm 35.875+8/2+50
Provided Depth = 200 mm OK
Effective Depth provided = 146.0 mm 200-50-8/2

(Inner face reinforcement not shown for clarity)

Primary Reinforcement at Side Wall Support End Outside (Marked in drawing as "a")
Mu/bd2 = 0.202 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.047 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 68.62 mm 0.047*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.230 %
Primary Reinforcement at Side Wall Span Inside (Marked in drawing as "c")
Mu/bd2 = 0.055 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.013 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 18.98 mm 0.013*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Wall Outside (Marked in drawing as "b")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Wall inside (Marked in drawing as "d")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

16
4.3 Design of Bottom Slab
Maximum Support Moment = 0.259 T-m
Maximum Span Moment = 0.164 T-m
Dia of Reinforcement = 10 mm
Effective Depth required = 34.08 mm SQRT(0.259*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000))
Over all Depth Required = 89.08 mm 34.08+10/2+50
Provided Depth = 200 mm OK
Effective Depth provided = 145.0 mm 200-50-10/2

a
k

Primary Reinforcement at Bottom Slab Support End Outside (Marked in drawing as "k")
Mu/bd2 = 0.185 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.043 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 62.35 mm 0.043*0.164*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.231 %
Primary Reinforcement at Bottom Slab Span Inside (Marked in drawing as " i ")
Mu/bd2 = 0.117 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.027 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 39.15 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Bottom Slab Slab Top (Marked in drawing as " j ")
2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 250 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 201.06 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Bottom Slab BOTTOM (Marked in drawing as " l ")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 250 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 201.06 mm OK

17
4.4.1 Shear Force Check at TOP Slab
Shear Force at TOP Slab = 3.290 T 0.654*0.65/2+(0.287+-0.287)/0.65
SF "d" distance away from Wall Face = 0.800 T

0.800 T

3.290

0.246 (200/2+146)/1000 3.290 T

0.650 m

Factored Shear Force = 1.2 T 1.5*0.8

2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.082 N/mm 1.2*10^4/(1000*146)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'e"
Area Provided = 335.10 mm2
Provided reinforcement = 0.230 %

Permissble Shear stress = 0.346 SAFE

18
4.4.2 Shear Force Check at Wall
Shear Force at Wall = 1.400 T
SF "d" distance away from Bottom Slab = 0.826 T 1.4/(1.2/2)*(1.2/2-0.246)

1.200 m
0.648 T(Due to Live Load Surcharge)
0.246 0.784 T(Due to Earth Pressure)

200/2+146)/1000
Factored Shear Force = 1.239 T 1.5*0.826
2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.085 N/mm 1.239*10^4/(1000*146)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'a"
2
Area Provided = 335.1 mm
Provided reinforcement = 0.230 %

a
k

Permissble Shear stress = 0.346 SAFE

19
4.4.3 Shear Force Check at Bottom Slab
Shear Force at Bottoom Slab = 2.606 T 8.018*0.65/2+(0.259+-0.259)/(0.65)

0.641 T 2.60585/(0.65/2))*(0.65/2-0.245)

2.606

0.245 2.606 T

0.650 m

Factored Shear Force = 0.9615 T 1.5*0.641

2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.066 N/mm 0.9615*10^4/(1000*145)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'a"
2
Area Provided = 335.1 mm
Provided reinforcement = 0.231 %

a
k

Permissble Shear stress = 0.347 SAFE

20
4.5.1 Crack Width Check of Top Slab(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment( = 0.287 T-m
Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 48.86 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

21
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 48.86 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.000884

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.167 mm < 0.2 mm OK

22
4.5.2 Crack Width Check of Top Slab(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment = 0.248 T-m
(Span)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 42.22 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

23
 acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 42.22 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.000933

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.176 mm < 0.2 mm OK

24
4.5.3 Crack Width Check of Wall(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.287 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 48.86 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

25
 acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 48.86 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.000884

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.167 mm < 0.2 mm OK

26
4.5.4 Crack Width Check of Wall(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.078 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 13.31 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

27
 54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 13.31 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001145

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.216 mm < 0.2 mm OK

28
4.5.5 Crack Width Check of Bottom Slab(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment = 0.259 T-m
(Span)

4
Icr = 75263074 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.1)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 44.10 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

29
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 44.10 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.000919

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.174 mm < 0.2 mm OK

30
4.5.6 Crack Width Check of Bottom Slab(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.164 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263555 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103216382911)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 27.92 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

31
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 27.92 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001038

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.196 mm < 0.2 mm OK

32
 Load Case-2:Drain is Full of Water and No Earth Pressure & Water Pressure
is Considered from Out side on the Structure

1.1 Input of Drain

Width of Drain(W) = 450 mm
Depth of Drain(D) = 1000 mm

Thickness of Top Slab(T2) = 200 mm

Thickness of Side Wall(T1) = 200 mm
Thickness of Bottom Raft/Slab(T3) = 200 mm

200
1000

200

200
450 200

(Dimension in mm)

1.2 Input of Material

Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3
Density of Soil (in Dry Condition),gdry = 1.8 T/m3
Density of Soil(Submerged Condition),gsub = 0.8 T/m3
Density of Water,gw = 1.0 T/m3
2.1 Design Parameter
1 Grade of Concrete = M25
2 Grade of steel = Fe500
3 Clear Cover for earth face structural component = 50 mm
4 Clear Cover for inside face structural component = 50 mm
5 Soil Bearing Capacity = 10 T/m2
2.2 Design Philosophy
This structure is designed in Limit State Method checking the Crack Width following the
Code IS-3370 Clause 4.4.1 & IS-456
Stability Check against Uplift is checked here
Overturning & Sliding are not checked here as back filling is to be accomplished at Site
Construction from Both Side Equally
The design calculation is based on per running meter width strip

33
3.1 Load Calculation
Coefficient of static earth pressure,k0 = 0.500
850

450
1400

1000

1.00 T/m2

2
1.000 T/m

2
Water Pressure in Submerged Condition,gw x h 1*1.0 = 1.000 T/m
2
Total Pressure acts on Wall(Inside) = 1.000 T/m

3.1.1 Calculation of Selfweight of Box Drain

Self-weight of Top Slab 0.85x0.2x2.5 = 0.425 T/m
Self-weight of Wall 2*0.2*1*2.5 = 1.000 T/m
Self-weight of Bottom Slab 0.2*0.85*2.5 = 0.425 T/m

Total Self weight of Box drain (0.425+1+0.425) = 1.850 T/m

2
3.1.2 Live Load acts on Top Slab = 0.500 T/m
Total Load acts on Top Slab due to Live Load 0.5*0.85 = 0.425 T/m

3.1.3 Live Load Surcharge is not considered in this case = 0.000 T/m2

3.1.3.1 Water Load acts on Bottom Slab 1*0.45 = 0.450 T/m

850

450
1400

1000

2
0.000 T/m
Live Load Surcharge acts on Wall

34
3.1.4 Total Bearing Pressure
3.1.5 Stability Check against uplift
Total Selfweight of Structure
Uplift Pressure
Factor of Safety against uplift
((1.85+0.425+0.45)/0.85+1) = 4.206 T/m2 OK
= 1.85 T/m
= 1.40 T/m Ref Code IS-3370
= 1.32 > 1.20 OK

650

A B
1200

D C

3.2 Fixed End Moment by Loads acted on the Structure

3.2.1 Fixed End Moment at TOP Slab
Fixed End Moment at TOP Slab_AB
S/w of Top Slab + Live Load
1.308 T/m/meter width (0.425+0.425)/0.65

A B
1200

650

D C

Fixed Bending Moment acting at Member AB,at A

FEMAB 1.308*(0.65)^2/12 = -0.046 T-m

Fixed Bending Moment acting at Member BA,at B

FEMBA 1.308*(0.65)^2/12 = 0.046 T-m

35
3.2.2 Fixed End Moment at Side Wall_AD & BC due to Water Pressure(Inside)

A B

1200
650

2 2
1.000 T/m D C 1.000 T/m
Earth Pressure Diagram

Calculation of Fixed End Moment

Due to Earth Pressure,

Fixed End Moment at AD & BC,FEMAD & -FEMBC 1*(1.2)^2/30 = -0.048 T-M
Fixed End Moment at DA & CB,FEMDA & -FEMCB 1*(1.2)^2/20 = 0.072 T-M

Due to Live Load Surcharge is not applied here in this case,

Fixed End Moment at AD & BC,FEMAD & -FEMBC = 0.000 T-M
Fixed End Moment at DA & CB,FEMDA & -FEMCB = 0.000 T-M

36
3.2.3 Fixed End Moment at Bottom Slab/Raft_DC
Upward Force Due S/W & LL acts at CD = 4.206 T/m

Total uplift Pressure acts on CD = 4.206 T/m

A B

1200
650

1.000 T/m/meter width

D C

4.206 T/m/meter width

Fixed End Moment at DC,FEMDC 3.206*(0.65)^2/12 = 0.113 T-M

Fixed End Moment at DC,FEMCD -3.206*(0.65)^2/12 = -0.113 T-M

37
3.2.4 Summary of Moments

A B
-0.046 0.046

-0.048

0.048
1200

650

-0.072
0.072

0.113 -0.113
D C

Fixed End Moment

38
3.3.1 Calculations of Distribution Factors

0.649 0.649

A B

0.351

0.351
m
1.200

0.650 m

0.351
0.351 D C

0.649 0.649

DISTRIBUTION FACTORS OF MEMBERS

E,Youngs Modulas = 25000 Mpa
2
= 3E+06 T/m

4
Moment of Inertia,IAB(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T23) = 7E-04 m
4
Moment of Inertia,IAD(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T13) = 7E-04 m
4
Moment of Inertia,IDC(1/12bD3 or 1/12 T33) = 7E-04 m

Stifness of Member AB/BA_4EIAB/LAB = 10256 T/m

Stifness of Member AD/DA_4EIAD/LAD = 5556 T/m
Stifness of Member DC/CD_4EIDC/LDC = 10256 T/m

Distribution Factor at A
Distribution Factor of Member_AB,4EIAB/(4EIAB+4EIAD) = 0.649
Distribution Factor of Member_DA,4EIAD/(4EIAB+4EIAD) = 0.351
Distribution Factor at B
Distribution Factor of Member_BA,4EIBA/(4EIBA+4EIBC) = 0.649
Distribution Factor of Member_BC,4EIBC/(4EIBA+4EIBC) = 0.351
Distribution Factor at C
Distribution Factor of Member_CB,4EICB/(4EICB+4EICD) = 0.351
Distribution Factor of Member_CD,4EICD/(4EICB+4EICD) = 0.649
Distribution Factor at D
Distribution Factor of Member_DA,4EIDA/(4EIDA+4EIDC) = 0.351
Distribution Factor of Member_DC,4EIDC/(4EIDA+4EIDC) = 0.649

39
3.3.2 Moment Distribution

A B C D
AD AB BA BC CB CD DA DC
DF 0.351 0.649 0.649 0.351 0.351 0.65 0.351 0.649
FEM -0.048 -0.046 0.046 0.048 -0.072 -0.11 0.072 0.113
BALANCE 0.033 0.061 -0.061 -0.033 0.065 0.12 -0.065 -0.120
COM -0.032 -0.031 0.031 0.032 -0.017 -0.06 0.017 0.060
BALANCE 0.022 0.041 -0.041 -0.022 0.027 0.05 -0.027 -0.050
COM -0.013 -0.020 0.020 0.013 -0.011 -0.02 0.011 0.025
BALANCE 0.012 0.022 -0.022 -0.012 0.013 0.02 -0.013 -0.023
COM -0.006 -0.011 0.011 0.006 -0.006 -0.01 0.006 0.012
BALANCE 0.006 0.011 -0.011 -0.006 0.006 0.01 -0.006 -0.011
COM -0.003 -0.006 0.006 0.003 -0.003 -0.01 0.003 0.006
BALANCE 0.003 0.006 -0.006 -0.003 0.003 0.01 -0.003 -0.006
COM -0.002 -0.003 0.003 0.002 -0.002 0.00 0.002 0.003
BALANCE 0.002 0.003 -0.003 -0.002 0.002 0.00 -0.002 -0.003
COM -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.001 -0.001 0.00 0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.001 0.001 -0.001 -0.001 0.001 0.00 -0.001 -0.001
COM 0.000 -0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.000 -0.001
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000
Final
-0.027 0.027 -0.027 0.027 0.005 -0.005 -0.005 0.005
Moments

A 0.027 -0.027 B
0.027
###
-0.005

0.005

D C

0.005 -0.005

Balanced Fixed End Moment

40
3.3.3 End Support Conditions considered as Simply Supported to obtain Maximum Span Moment
Span Moment at Top Slab AB due to S/w of Top Slab & Live Load = 0.069 T-m
1.308*(0.65)^2/8

A B

Span Moment= 0.069 T-m

if End Condition - simply supported

Span Moment at Wall AD/BC due to Water Pressure

(1/7.81)*WL
D

1.000 T/m2

Total Load,W = 0.600 T 0.5*1*1.2

L,length of Wall = 1.200 m
Bending Moment at Span = 0.092 T-m 1/7.81*0.6*1.2

41
Span Moment at Wall AD/BC due to Live Load Surcharge is not considered here

A
0.000 T/m2

0.000 T-m

D
Span Moment at Bottom Slab CD due to Bearing Pressure

3.206*0.65^2/8= 0.169 T-m

C D

4.206-1= 3.206 T/m/meter width

42
3.3.4 After Super-Imposed of Balanced Fixed End Moment & Span Moment for Simply Supported
0.027 0.096 T-m 0.027 T-m

0.011 0.011 T-m

-0.005 T-m -0.005 T-m

0.164 T-m
Bending Moment Inside Tension considered as Positive

43
4.1 Design of Top Slab
Maximum Support Moment
Maximum Span Moment
Dia of Reinforcement
Effective Depth required
Over all Depth Required
Provided Depth
Effective Depth provided
Primary Reinforcement at Top Slab- Support End TOP (Marked in drawing as "e")
Mu/bd2
= 0.027 T-m
= 0.096 T-m
= 8 mm
= 20.75 mm sqrt(0.096*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000)
= 74.75 mm 20.748+8/2+50
= 200 mm OK
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
= 0.019 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.004 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 5.84 mm 0.004*146*1000/100
Provided ("e" ) 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.230 %

e (Inner face reinforcement not shown for clarity)

a

Primary Reinforcement at Top Slab- Span Bottom (Marked in drawing as "g")

Mu/bd2 = 0.068 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.016 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 23.36 mm 0.016*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing
150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Secondary Reinforcemnt at Top Slab Top (Marked in drawing as "f")
2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Top Slab BOTTOM (Marked in drawing as "h")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

44
4.2 Design of Side Wall
Maximum Support Moment = 0.027 T-m
Maximum Span Moment = 0.011 T-m
Dia of Reinforcement = 8 mm
Effective Depth required = 11.00 mm SQRT(0.027*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000)
Over all Depth Required = 65.00 mm 11.003+8/2+50
Provided Depth = 200 mm OK
Effective Depth provided = 146.0 mm 200-50-8/2

(Inner face reinforcement not shown for clarity)

Primary Reinforcement at Side Wall Support End Outside (Marked in drawing as "a")
Mu/bd2 = 0.019 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.004 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 5.84 mm 0.004*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.230 %
Primary Reinforcement at Side Wall Span Inside (Marked in drawing as "c")
Mu/bd2 = 0.008 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.002 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 2.92 mm 0.002*146*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Wall Outside (Marked in drawing as "b")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Wall inside (Marked in drawing as "d")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 200 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 251.33 mm OK

45
4.3 Design of Bottom Slab
Maximum Support Moment = 0.005 T-m
Maximum Span Moment = 0.164 T-m
Dia of Reinforcement = 10 mm
Effective Depth required = 27.12 mm SQRT(0.164*1.5*10^7/(0.1338*25*1000))
Over all Depth Required = 82.12 mm 27.119+10/2+50
Provided Depth = 200 mm OK
Effective Depth provided = 145.0 mm 200-50-10/2

a
k

Primary Reinforcement at Bottom Slab Support End Outside (Marked in drawing as "k")
Mu/bd2 = 0.004 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.001 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 1.45 mm 0.001*0.164*1000/100
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK
Provided Reinforcement = 0.231 %
Primary Reinforcement at Bottom Slab Span Inside (Marked in drawing as " i ")
Mu/bd2 = 0.117 N/mm
2

Corresponding Pt = 0.027 Reference SP-16,Table-3

2
Reinforcement Calculation,Ast = 39.15 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 335.10 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Bottom Slab Slab Top (Marked in drawing as " j ")
2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 250 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 201.06 mm OK

Secondary Reinforcemnt at Bottom Slab BOTTOM (Marked in drawing as " l ")

2
Reinforcement required = 120.00 mm
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 250 mm C/C
2
Provided reinforcement = 201.06 mm OK

46
4.4.1 Shear Force Check at TOP Slab
Shear Force at TOP Slab = 0.425 T 1.308*0.65/2+(-0.027+0.027)/0.65
SF "d" distance away from Wall Face = 0.103 T

0.103 T

0.425

0.246 (200/2+146)/1000 0.425 T

0.650 m

Factored Shear Force = 0.1545 T 1.5*0.103

2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.011 N/mm 0.1545*10^4/(1000*146)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'e"
Area Provided = 335.10 mm2
Provided reinforcement = 0.230 %

Permissble Shear stress = 0.346 SAFE

47
4.4.2 Shear Force Check at Wall
Shear Force at Wall = 0.400 T
SF "d" distance away from Bottom Slab = 0.236 T 0.4/(1.2/2)*(1.2/2-0.246)

1.200 m
0.000 T(Due to Live Load Surcharge)
0.246 0.400 T(Due to Earth Pressure)

200/2+146)/1000
Factored Shear Force = 0.354 T 1.5*0.236
2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.024 N/mm 0.354*10^4/(1000*146)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'a"
2
Area Provided = 335.1 mm
Provided reinforcement = 0.230 %

a
k

Permissble Shear stress = 0.346 SAFE

48
4.4.3 Shear Force Check at Bottom Slab
Shear Force at Bottoom Slab = 1.042 T 3.206*0.65/2+(0.005+-0.005)/(0.65)

0.256 T 1.04195/(0.65/2))*(0.65/2-0.245)

1.042

0.245 1.042 T

0.650 m

Factored Shear Force = 0.384 T 1.5*0.256

2
Calculated Shear Force = 0.026 N/mm 0.384*10^4/(1000*145)
Provided 8 Dia Tor Spacing 150 mm C/C 'a"
2
Area Provided = 335.1 mm
Provided reinforcement = 0.231 %

a
k

Permissble Shear stress = 0.347 SAFE

49
4.5.1 Crack Width Check of Top Slab(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment( = 0.027 T-m
Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 4.60 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

50
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 4.60 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001208

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.228 mm < 0.2 mm OK

51
4.5.2 Crack Width Check of Top Slab(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment = 0.096 T-m
(Span)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 16.34 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

52
 acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 16.34 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001122

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.212 mm < 0.2 mm OK

53
4.5.3 Crack Width Check of Wall(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.027 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 4.60 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

54
 acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 4.60 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001208

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.228 mm < 0.2 mm OK

55
4.5.4 Crack Width Check of Wall(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.011 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263522 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 1.87 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

56
 54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 1.87 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001228

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.232 mm < 0.2 mm OK

57
4.5.5 Crack Width Check of Bottom Slab(Support)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
Cover = 50 mm
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,
Bending
Moment = 0.005 T-m
(Span)

4
Icr = 75263074 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.1)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 0.85 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

58
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 0.85 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001236

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.234 mm < 0.2 mm OK

59
4.5.6 Crack Width Check of Bottom Slab(Span)

Depth of Neutral axis

d' 1000 mm

"X"

200
Cmin

Width = 1000 mm
Depth = 200 mm
Clear
= 50 mm
Cover
Dia of
Reinforce- = 8 mm
ment
Effective
= 146 mm 200-50-8/2
Depth

Cmin = 54 mm 50+8/2
d' = 54 mm 50+8/2

Taking moments of areas of the cracked -tranformed section about the neutral axis
b x2/2 = mAst(d-x)

Here,
b = 1000 mm
m = 10.98 280/(3x8.5)
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
d = 146 mm
Solving the above equation,this is obtained the values of x
x = 29.30 mm

( )
Tensile Stress in Steel Under Service Load, fst = m

Here,

Bending
Moment = 0.164 T-m
(Support)

4
Icr = 75263555 mm 1000*29.3^3+(10.98*335.103216382911)*(146-29.3)^2

fst = 27.92 Mpa < 240 Mpa OK

60
acr is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

54

150

acr = 88.4 sqrt((150/2)^2+54^2)-8/2

em = −

Here,
Es = 200000 Mpa
D = 200 mm
d = 146 mm
fst = 27.92 Mpa
2
Ast = 335.10 mm
x = 29.30 mm
Hence,em = -0.001038

3acrem
Wcr = ( )/( )

= -0.196 mm < 0.2 mm OK

61