fINAL Report of Gita Devi Sodari

Structural Analysis of 5 storied Residential Building of GITA DEVI SODARI
Report on
Structural Report
Of
Gita Devi Sodari Residential Building
FOR GAUTAM & ASSOCIATED ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY
Prepared By:
Jeetendra Shrestha
NEC Regd. No.- 6034 Civil “A”
Structure Engineer
Date: 2077 Shrawan
Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)1

1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report summarizes the structural analysis and design of "The Proposed Residential
Building of “Gita Devi Sodari” at Bharatpur Metropolitan City Ward No.-16, Nepal. The
analysis and design has been based on the prevailing codes that are in practice in Nepal, the
National Building code of Nepal and the IS code where applicable. This report consists of the
design procedures adopted, the assumptions made, the inputs made in the design and the design
output. The basic aim of the structural design is to build a structure, which is safe, fulfilling the
intended purpose during its estimated life span, economical in terms of initial and maintenance
cost, durable and also maintaining a good aesthetic appearance. A building is considered to be
structurally sound, if the individual elements and the building as a whole satisfy the criteria for
strength, stability and serviceability and in seismic areas additional criteria for ductility and
energy absorption capabilities. The overall building must be strong enough to transfer all loads
through the structure to the ground without collapsing or losing structural integrity by rupture
of the material at the critical sections, by transformation of the whole or parts into mechanisms
or by instability. Failure of one structural element (e.g., due of explosions or collisions) should
not cause progressive collapse of the entire structure. Such a building will normally have
alternate load paths or mechanisms to transfer loads safely to the foundation.
Nepal is located in the boundary of two colliding tectonic plates, namely, the Indian Plate
(Indo-Australian Plate) and the Tibetan Plate (Eurasian Plate). The Indian Plate is constantly
moving under the Tibetan Plate causing many minor and major earthquakes in this region. As
a result, Nepal has witnessed many major as well as minor earthquakes during the past. Records
show that around 19 major earthquakes have shaken Nepal since then. The 1833 A.D.
earthquake, 1934 A.D Bihar-Nepal earthquake and 2015 Gorkha Earthquake were the most
destructive ones in the history of Nepal.
Thus structures to be built in Nepal need to be suitably designed and detailed, so as to

counteract the forces due to earthquakes.

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING
Description of building based upon the collected as built information is as follows.
Building Type Residential building

Location Bharatpur, Chitwan
Structural System Special Moment Resisting RCC Frame
No. of Stories 5 Storey RCC + Staircase
Storey Height All story of the Building is with height 3m
a. Ground floor
b. First floor
Area c. Second floor
d. Third Floor :
e. Fourth Floor:
f. S.C Floor :
Floor Thickness 125mm
Parapet wall height 1m
Earth quake Zone V
Importance factor 1
Building Shape Regular in Plan
Lateral load resistant elements Column 14”X14”

Beams 10”×17” and 8”×12”as Secondary
Beam including slab in all floor

3.0 MODELING and ANALYSIS

I. Modeling
Since this is Moment Resisting Frame structure, main components to be modeled are: Beams,
Columns &Slabs and staircase. Lateral load is solely carried by frame elements. Stiffness of
the walls is not considered. The analysis software used for modeling the structure is the ETAB
2016.2. The model map of the building is as shown in the figure.
Three-dimensional View of the building in ETABS

Fig: Some two-dimensional view of the building in ETABS

Figure: Assigned Columns, Beams and Slab section used in model

Dead Loads
Live loads
Floor 2.0 KN/m2
Stairs 3.0 KN/m2
Corridors 3.0 KN/m2
balcony 3 KN/m2
Roof Live Accessible 1.5 KN/m2
Roof Live In Accessible 0.75 KN/m^2

Seismic Loads
Seismic coefficient Method was adopted to analyze the building for Earthquake loads
Design Base Shear VB = Cd*W [10.1, NBC 105-1994]
Where,
Cd = Design horizontal seismic coefficient as per NBC 105-1994
= CZIK = 0.08
Z= Zone Factor = 1
I= Importance Factor = 1 Table 8.1 NBC105
K= Structural Performance Factor = 1 for DMRF Table 8.2
NBC105
C= Basic Seismic coefficient on the basis of time period, T
of the structure [Fig.8.1 NBC 105-1994] =0.08
T. = 0.06h0.75 (7.3, NBC105-1994]. For Concrete frames = 0.52 seconds
h= Height of building (m) above ground level =18 m
W = Seismic Weight of Building, that includes total Dead load
plus appropriate amount of live load. [Table 6.1, NBC105-
1994].
• Percentage of live load to be taken for calculating seismic

weight =25% for live load intensity upto and including 3.0
KN/m2 and 50% for live load intensity above 3.0 KN/m2.[Table
6.1, NBC 105-1994].
• The live load on roof need not be considered for calculating the
seismic weight of the building. [Table 6.1, NBC 105-1994].
For the purpose of analysis, seismic forces are applied in the model of the building in
ETABS. Hence, the manual calculations of seismic weight, base shear and the seismic forces
have not been shown. However, the ETABS output for the Seismic Weight, Base Shear and
Seismic Forces in each storey diaphragm are as follows.

Seismic Weight and Base Shear From Seismic Coefficient method
Load Top Bottom Weight

Pattern Type Direction Eccentricity Story Story C K Used Base Shear
% kN kN
Eq-x Seismic X Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
Eq-x Seismic X + Ecc. Y 5 Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
Eq-x Seismic X - Ecc. Y 5 Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
Eq-y Seismic Y Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
Eq-y Seismic Y + Ecc. X 5 Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
Eq-y Seismic Y - Ecc. X 5 Story6 Base 0.08 1 7473.6931 597.8954
TABLE: Auto Lateral Loads to Stories
Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
Storey 6 18 Top 22.8616 22.8616
Storey 5 15 Top 130.7017 130.7017
Storey 4 12 Top 177.7328 177.7328
Storey 3 9 Top 133.2996 133.2996
Storey 2 6 Top 88.8664 88.8664
Storye 1 3 Top 44.4332 44.4332
Base 0 Top 0 0
TABLE: Story Shears
Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
Storey 6 18 Top -22.8616 -22.8616
Storey 5 15 Top -153.5633 -153.5633
Storey 4 12 Top -331.2962 -331.2962
Storey 3 9 Top -464.5958 -464.5958
Storey 2 6 Top -553.4622 -553.4622
Storye 1 3 Top -597.8954 -597.8954
Base 0 Top 0 0

Figure: Auto Lateral Loads to Stories and Story Shears

Story Drift
In order to control deflection of structural elements, the criteria given in clause 23.2 of
IS: 456:2000 is proposed to be used.
To control overall deformation due to earthquake load, the criteria given in clause 7.11 of IS
1893:2002 is applied. The story drift in any story due to the minimum specified design lateral
force, with partial load factor of 1.0 shall not exceed 0.004 times the story height.
Due to EQx
Displacements Drift, Check Check for

Floors Drift(mm)
(mm) ratio Drift Displacements
6 31.2 1.5 0.0005 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm

5 29.7 2.9 0.0010 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
4 26.8 5.2 0.0017 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
3 21.6 7.2 0.0024 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
2 14.4 8.1 0.0027 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
1 6.3 6.3 0.0021 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
0 0 0 0.0000 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
Due to EQy
Displacements Drift, Check Check for
Floors Drift(mm)
(mm) ratio Drift Displacements
6 32.3 1.2 0.0004 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm

5 31.1 2.9 0.0010 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
4 28.2 5.5 0.0018 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
3 22.7 7.5 0.0025 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
2 15.2 8.7 0.0029 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
1 6.5 6.5 0.0022 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm
0 0 0 0.0000 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm

II. Analysis
The loads calculated are applied in the modeled building. Besides from the dead and live loads,
the probable seismic loads are also taken care of as Nepal is categorized amongst seismically
active zones. Moreover the building itself carries high importance and the seismic force
consideration is of topmost priority. The Building is three storied and hence, the static analysis
is enough to ensure its safety against earthquake but the dynamic analysis is also carried out
and checked in some respect considering the maximum safety requirement in this type of
building. Through consideration is given in analysis of the building following standard theories
of structures and relevant codes of practice.
A three dimensional linear static analysis has been carried out using the standard software
ETAB 2016.2.The Structure is assumed to be fixed at the Plinth level. The brick wall is
considered as the filler wall only. The beams are modeled as rectangular beams. The flange
effect of the beams has been neglected. Center to center dimension of the structure has been
considered in the analysis. The rigid end effect has also been considered in the analysis.
Following load cases and combinations were used for the analysis of the structural components
of the building.
Load Cases
Following loads have been considered in the analysis of the building as per IS 456-
2000 and IS1893-2002.
1. Dead Load (DL)
2. Live load (LL)
3. Earthquake load in +ve X-direction (EQPX)
4. Earthquake load in –ve X-direction (EQNX)
5. Earthquake load in +ve Y-direction (EQPY)
6. Earthquake load in –ve Y-direction (EQNY)
LOAD COMBINATIONS
Following load combinations have been adopted as per NBC 105-1994.
1.5(DL+LL)
DL+1.3LL±1.25EL/WL
0.9DL±1.25EL/WL
DL+1.3SL±1.25EL/WL Where, DL= Dead load SL= Snow Load LL
=Imposed (Live load) WL= Wind Load
EL= Earthquake load (Along X and Y- direction)

Lateral Load Calculation

The characteristic (intensity, duration, etc) of seismic ground vibration expected at any
location depends upon the magnitude of earthquake, its depth of focus, distance from the
epicenter, characteristic of the path through which the seismic waves travel, and the soil strata
on which the structure stands. The random earthquake ground motion, which causes the
structure to vibrate, can be resolved in any three mutually perpendicular directions. The
predominant direction of ground vibration is usually horizontal. Earthquake is not likely to
occur simultaneously with wind.
Seismic Loads
Seismic coefficient Method was adopted to analyze the building for Earthquake loads
Design Base Shear VB = Cd*W [10.1, NBC 105-1994]
Where,
Cd = Design horizontal seismic coefficient as per NBC 105-1994
= CZIK = 0.08
Z= Zone Factor = 1
I= Importance Factor = 1.0 Table 8.1 NBC105
K= Structural Performance Factor = 1 for DMRF Table 8.2
NBC105
C= Basic Seismic coefficient on the basis of time period, T
of the structure [Fig.8.1 NBC 105-1994]=0.08
T. = 0.06h0.75 (7.3, NBC105-1994]. For Concrete frames = 0.52 seconds
h= Height of building (m) above ground level =18 m
W = Seismic Weight of Building, that includes total Dead load
plus appropriate amount of live load. [Table 6.1, NBC105-
1994].
• Percentage of live load to be taken for calculating seismic

weight =25% for live load intensity upto and including 3.0
KN/m2 and 50% for live load intensity above 3.0 KN/m2.[Table
6.1, NBC 105-1994].
• The live load on roof need not be considered for calculating the
seismic weight of the building. [Table 6.1, NBC 105-1994].
For the purpose of analysis, seismic forces are applied in the model of the building in
ETABS. Hence, the manual calculations of seismic weight, base shear and the seismic forces
have not been shown. However, the ETABS output for the Seismic Weight, Base Shear and
Seismic Forces in each storey diaphragm are as follows.

Analysis of moments and shear forces

The moments and shear forces of the buildings were analyzed using the ETAB 2016.2. The
moment diagrams and shear force diagram samples of the sections around these critical
components, as extracted from ETAB 2016.2 are as follows:
Figure: BMD of the frame at section 1

Figure: SFD (2-2) of the frame section at 1
Figure: AFD of the frame section at 1

Column and Beam bar Detailing

Column Detailing

Figure: Section through 1


Longitudinal reinforcement’s detailing of column through different sections as

mentioned above

Figure: View of maximum Area of Shear reinforcement (mm2/m) in column

COLUMN OUTPUT
Joints Label Colu 5th and

(as shown in mn S.C
figure above) ID Size (mm) Ist Floor 2nd Floor 3rdFloor 4th Floor Floor
10, 19, 16, 12-20ф 4-16ф+8-20ф 4-20ф+8-16ф 12-16ф 4-16ф+8-
14" x 14" 12ф
13, 15, 18 C1
All except 4-16ф+8-20ф 4-20ф+8-16ф 12-16ф 12-16ф 4-16ф+8-
14" x 14" 12ф
above C2
ALL BEAMS AND COLUMNS SHOULD BE M20 .
NOTE:
1. The transverse reinforcement in the column should be 8mm ф, 4- legged

@ 4” c/c at below and above the face of the beam for a distance of 2’-6”.
2. The spacing of 8mm ф, 4- legged transverse reinforcement should be @ 4”
c/c in lap zone.
3. Other detailing is as per structural drawings sheet.

Beam Detailing


Figure: Beam Longitudinal reinforcement output data

Figure: Beam Shear reinforcement output data

Beam Detailing
SUMMARY OF BEAM OUTPUT:

BEAM TOP BAR TOP BAR AREA BOTTOM BAR BOTTOM
FLOOR SIZE AREA PROVIDED AREA BAR AREA
REQUIRE REQUIRED PROVIDED
D
END MI END MI
D D
FOUNDATION 9" X 12" (2-16+1-12)TH (2-16+1-
BEAM 12)TH
PLINTH 9"X 12" (2-16+1-12) TH (2-16+1-
BEAM 12)TH
S1, S2 10” x 17” (3-16) TH+(2-16) (2-16+1-12)
(including EX TH+(2-12)
slab) EX
S3 10” x 17” (3-16) TH+(2-16) (2-16+1-12)
(including EX TH
slab)
S4 10” x 17” (2-16) TH+(1-16) (3-12) TH
(including EX
slab)
S5 / S.Cover 10” x 17” (3-12) TH (3-12) TH
(including
slab)
S. BEAM 8” x 12” (3-12) TH (3-12) TH
(including
slab)
F. BEAM 5” x 12” (2-12) TH (2-12) TH
(including
slab)
Note
1. The shear reinforcement in the L/4 of beam span measured from
supports face should be 8mm ф provided @ 4” c/c and can be placed
@ 6” c/c in remaining span.
2. The shear reinforcement in the main beam in which secondary beams
are tied should be 8mm ф provided @ 3” c/c throughout.
3. The shear reinforcement in the lapping zone should be also provided
@ 6” c/c
4. The shear reinforcement in the circular beam should be provided @
4” c/c.

DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS
The design of all structural elements is done using ‘Limit State Method’. All relevant
Limit State must be considered in design to ensure adequate safety and serviceability.
The structural elements are designed for the worst combination of the loads. Designs of
foundations have been done with respect to the joint reactions given in the table above for the
Load combination 1.5(DL+LL).

TABLE: JOINT REACTION AND SIZES & TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS

(ASSUMED BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL IS 150KN/M2)
TABLE: Joint Reactions

Joint Load
Story Label Case/Combo FZ
kN
Base 1 1.5(DL+LL) 846.54
Base 10 1.5(DL+LL) 1202.73
Base 12 1.5(DL+LL) 858.83
Base 13 1.5(DL+LL) 1170.76
Base 15 1.5(DL+LL) 1189.45
Base 16 1.5(DL+LL) 1524.19
Base 18 1.5(DL+LL) 1196.60
Base 19 1.5(DL+LL) 1536.77
Base 31 1.5(DL+LL) 752.61
Base 32 1.5(DL+LL) 797.34
Base 35 1.5(DL+LL) 954.93
Base 36 1.5(DL+LL) 957.81
Types of foundation suggested
1. STRAP BEAM
a. STRAP BEAM BETWEEN (SB1) – (1-10-31), (12-13-32),
b. STRAP BEAM BETWEEN (SB2) – (18-19-36), (15-16-35)
2. COMBINED FOUNDATION BETWEEN “(18-19-36-35-16-15)” CONNECTED

BY STRAP BEAM SB2 OF GIVEN SIZE AS GIVEN BELOW IN TABLE.

SUMMARISE OF THE STRAP WITH ITS DETAILINGS ARE AS FOLLOWS

SUMMARISE OF THE STRAP WITH ITS DETAILINGS ARE AS FOLLOWS
FOOTING REINFORCEMENT IN
S. TYP FOOTING SIZE DEPTH FOOTINGS STRAP DETAIL
N. ES Y- Asc(
ECENTRIC SYMMETRI DIRECTI (Hs X Botto Spacin
(Bf X L1) C (Bf X L2) D te X-DIRECTION ON Bs) Ast (Top) m) g (Sv)
1-16+4- 4-16
12 mm 8mm ф
8 12 mm dia @ dia @ 6” 26” x
20 mm @ 150
1. SB1 9’-0” X 7’-0” 9’-0” X 6’-0” 1’-10” ” 6” c/c c/c 14” mmф ф mm c/c
3-16
12 mm 8mm ф
8 12 mm dia @ dia @ 6”
5-16 mm @ 125
2. SB2 MAT MAT 2’-2” ” 6” c/c c/c 26” x 14” mm ф ф mm c/c
COMBINED (MAT) FOOTING SUMMARY
Figure : Size of Footings



Figure: Reinforcement in strap beam (SB2)

SLAB REINFORCEMENT
SLAB THICKNESS – 5”
Main bar 10 mm and extra bar 8 mm @ 6” C/C .
CANTILEVER SLAB REINFORCEMENT:

SLAB THICKNESS – 5”
Main bar 10 mm and extra bar 10 mm @ 6” C/C .
Staircase Bar:
Use 12mm dia bar as main bar @ 6” C/C .and 10 mm as
distribution bar @ 8” C/C .
WAIST SLAB THICKNESS – 5”

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Structural Analysis of 5 storied Residential Building of GITA DEVI SODARI

FOR GAUTAM & ASSOCIATED ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)1

Thus structures to be built in Nepal need to be suitably designed and detailed, so as to

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)2

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING

Description of building based upon the collected as built information is as follows.

Building Type Residential building

Lateral load resistant elements Column 14”X14”

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)3

3.0 MODELING and ANALYSIS

Three-dimensional View of the building in ETABS

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)4

Fig: Some two-dimensional view of the building in ETABS

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)5

Figure: Assigned Columns, Beams and Slab section used in model

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)6

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)7

• Percentage of live load to be taken for calculating seismic

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)8

Seismic Weight and Base Shear From Seismic Coefficient method

Load Top Bottom Weight

TABLE: Auto Lateral Loads to Stories

Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir

TABLE: Story Shears

Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)9

Figure: Auto Lateral Loads to Stories and Story Shears

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)10

Displacements Drift, Check Check for

6 31.2 1.5 0.0005 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm

6 32.3 1.2 0.0004 Ok <0.01) OK <60mm

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)11

EL= Earthquake load (Along X and Y- direction)

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)12

Lateral Load Calculation

• Percentage of live load to be taken for calculating seismic

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)13

Analysis of moments and shear forces

Figure: BMD of the frame at section 1

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)14

Figure: SFD (2-2) of the frame section at 1

Figure: AFD of the frame section at 1

Column and Beam bar Detailing

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)16

Figure: Section through 1

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)17

Figure: Section through 2

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)18

Figure: Section through 3

Longitudinal reinforcement’s detailing of column through different sections as

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)19

Figure: View of maximum Area of Shear reinforcement (mm2/m) in column

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)20

Joints Label Colu 5th and

ALL BEAMS AND COLUMNS SHOULD BE M20 .

1. The transverse reinforcement in the column should be 8mm ф, 4- legged

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)21

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)22

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)23

Figure: Beam Longitudinal reinforcement output data

Prepared By: Structural Engineer Jeetendra Shrestha (NEC. NO. 6034”Civil”)24

Figure: Beam Shear reinforcement output data