IS 4722:2001

Indian Standard

ROTATING ELECTRICAL
MACHINES — SPECIFICATION
( Second Revision)

ICS 621,313-13

0 BIS 2001

BUREAU OF IN DIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARC
NEW DELHI 110002

August 2001 Price Group 8

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 -- .

Rotating Machinery Sectional Committee, ET 15

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Rotating Machinery Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electrotechnical Division Council.

In the first revision of this standard following contents have been brought out in separate independent standards:
a) Type of duty and classes of ratings assigned to rotating electrical machines covered in IS 12824:1989,
and
b) Temperature-rise measurements of rotating electrical machines covered in IS 12802:1989.

In this revision, a number of editorial corrections have been incorporated and in addition, some changes have
also been incorporated based on experience for operation of this standard.

The requirements of rotating electrical machines covered in this standard have been updated in line with current
international practices.

While revising this standard, assistance has been derived from the IEC Pub 34(1983) now designated as IEC
60034 ‘Rotating electrical machines’, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2:1960 ‘Rules
for rounding off numercial values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value
should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

/
 -

IS 4722:2001

Indian Standard

ROTATING ELECTRICAL
MACHINES — SPECIFICATION
(Second Revision)
1 SCOPE 3 TERMINOLOGY

1.1 This standard covers requirements for rotating 3.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following
electrical machines without distinction of output and definitiofis shall apply. The definitions of general
voltage but excluding: terms used in this standard are given in IS 1885
(Part 35).
a) Traction equipment, and
b) Motors covered by IS 996:1979 ‘Single phase 3.1 Rating
small ac and universal electric motors (second The whole of the numerical values of the electrical and
revision)’. mechanical quantities with their durations. and
1.1.1 Attention is drawn to certain other standards sequence assigned to the machine by the manufacturer
and stated on the rating plate, the machine complying
listed below which may apply when machines are
required for particular applications. The rating plate with the specified conditions.
of machines built to comply with these standards 3.2 Rated Value
indicate the number of the Indian Standards invoked:
The numerical value of a quantity included in the
IS No. Title rating.
325:1996 Three-phase induction motors
3.3 Rated Output
~ourth revision)
2635:1975 DC electric welding generators The numerical value of the output included in the
(second revision) rating.

2972 Textile motors: 3.4 Load

(Part 1): 1979 Loom motors (/irst revision)
All the numerical values of the electrical and
(Part 2): 1979 Card motors (@f revision) mechanical quantities that signify the demand to be
(Part 3): 1979 Spinning frame motors (@ made on a rotating machine by an electrical circuit or
revision) a mechanism at a given instant.
3682:1966 Flameproof ac motors for use in
3.5 No-Load (Operation)
mines
5422:1996 Turbine type generators (/h? The state of a machine rotating with zero output power
revision) (but under otherwise normal operating conditions).

7538:1996 Three-phase squirrel cage induction 3.6 Full Load

motors for centrifugal pumps for
agricultural application The highest value of load specified for a machine
operating at rated output.
8151:1976 Single-speed three-phase induction
motors for driving lifts 3.7 Full Load Power
9283:1995 Motors for submersible pumpsets
The highest. value of power specified for machine
9628:1980 Three-phase induction motors with operating at rated output.
type of protection ‘n’ NOTE — This concept also appliesto torque,current, speed,ete.

2 REFERENCES 3.8 Rest and De-energized

The Indian Standards listed in Annex A are necessary The complete absence of all movements and of all
adjuncts to this standard. electrical supply or mechanical drive.
 ,*-u_
..

.
IS 4722:2001

3.9 Duty 3.18 Cooling

The statement of the load(s) to which the machine is A method by means of which heat resulting from
subjected, including, if applicable, starting, electric Iossesoccurnng in a machine is given up first to a
braking, no-load and rest andde-energized periods, primary cocdant by increasing its temperature. The
and including their durations and sequence in time. heated primary coolant may be replaced by a new
coolant at a lower temperature or may be cooled by a
3.10 Duty Type
secondary coolant in some form of heat exchanger.
A continuous short time or periodic duty, comprising
3.19 Coolant
one or more loads remaining constant for the duration
specified, or a non-periodic duty in which generally A medium (liquid or gas) by means of which heat is
load and speed vary within the permissible operating transferred.
range.
3.20 Primary Coolant
3.11 Thermal Equilibrium
A medium (liquid or gas) which, by being at a lower
The state reached when the temperature rises of the temperature than a part of the machine and in contact
several parts of the machine do not vary by more than with it, removes heat from that part.
2 K over a period of 1 h.
3.21 Secondary Coolant
3.12 Cyclic Duration Factor
A medium (liquid or gas) which, by being at a lower
The ratio between the period of loading, including temperature than the primary coolant, removes the
starting and electric braking, and the duration of duty heat given up by this primary coolant by means of a
cycle, expressed as a percentage. heat exchanger.

3.13 Locked Rotor Torque 3.22 Direct Cooled (Inner Cooled) Winding

The minimum measured torque which the motor A winding in which the coolant flows through hollow
develops with the rotor locked and rated voltage conductors, tubes or channels which form an integral
applied at rated frequency. part of the winding inside the main insulation.

3.14 Locked Rotor Current 3.23 Indirect Cooled Winding

The measured steady-state root-mean-square current A winding cooled by any other method than that
taken from the line with the rotor locked with rated of 3.22.
voltage and frequency applied. NOTE— In all cases when ‘indirect’ or ‘direct’ is not stated, an
indirect cooled winding is implied.
3.15 Pull-up Torque (of an ac Motor)
3.24 Supplementary Insulation
The smallest torque which the motor develops
between zero speed and the speed which corresponds An independent insulation applied in addition to the
to the breakdown torque when the motor is supplied at basic insulation in order to ensure protection against
the rated voltage and frequency. electric shock in the event of faihtre of the basic
NOTES insulation.
1 This definition does not apply to those asynchronous motors
of which the torque continually decreases with increasein speed.
3.25 Moment of Inertia
2 This value applies to the usual mean torque characteristic The (dynamic) moment of inertia of a body about an
which excludes transient effects. axis is the sum (integral) of the products of its mass
3.16, Breakdown Torque (of an ac Motor) element and the square of their distances (radii) from
the axis.
The maximum torque which the motor develops with NOTE — This quantity is designated by the letter symbol J and
rated voltage and frequency applied at operating is exrmased in K~m2
.
temperature without an abrupt drop in speed.
3.26 Thermal Equivalent Time Constant
NOTES
1 The definition does not apply to those asynchronous motors The thermal equivalent time constant is the time
of which the torque continually decreases with increase in speed.
constant replacing several individual time constants,
2 This value applies to the usual mean torque characteristic
which determines approximately the temperature
which excludes transient effects.
course in a winding after step-wise current change.
3.17 Pull-out Torque (of a Synchronous Motor)
3.27 Encapsulated Winding
The maximum torque which the synchronous motor
develops at operating temperature and at synchronous A winding which is completely enclosed or sealed by
speed with rated voltage, frequency and field current. moulded insulation.

2

3.28 Routine Tests
Tests carried out on each machine to check the
essential requirements which are likely to vary during
production.
3.29 Type Tests
Tests carried out to prove conformity with the
requirements of this standard. These are intended to
prove the general quality and design of a given type of
machine.
4 OPERATING CONDITIONS
4.1 Altitude, Temperature and Coolant
Machines shall be designed for the following
operating site conditions, unless other conditions are
specified by the purchaser.
4.1.1 Altitude
Height above sea level not exceeding 1000 m.
For machines intended for operation on a site where
the altitude is in excess of 1000 m (see 6.3 of
IS 12802).
4.1.2 Ambient Temperature and Temperature of the
Coolant
4.1.2.1 Maximum ambient and coolant temperature
The temperature of the air at operating site (which may
be the primary or the secondary coolant, depending on
the ventilation system of the machine) is subject to
seasonal variation, but does not exceed 40°C.
For machines intended for operation on a site where
the coolant temperature is low, by reason of high
altitude, see 6.3 of IS 12802.
Machines intended for operation with a maximum
ambient temperature other than 40°C are covered by
5.3 of IS 12802.
For machines having water-cooled heat exchangers,
the temperature of the water at the intake to the heat
exchangers shall not exceed 25°C (see 6.1.4 of
IS 12802).
4.1.2.2 Minimum ambient and coolant temperatures
The minimum temperature of the air at the operating
site (which may be the primary or the secondary
coolant, depending on the ventilation system of the
machine) is–15°C, the machine being installed and in
operation or at rest and de-energized.
This applies to all machines except the following:
a) ac machines with rated outputs exceeding
3300 kW (or lcVA) per 1000 r/rein, machines
with rated outputs less than 600 W (or VA) and
all machines having a commutator or sleeve
3
IS 4722:2001
bearings. For these machines the minimum
ambient temperature is +5”C; and
b) Machines having water as a primary or secon-
dary coolant. The minimum ~emperature of the
water and the ambient air is +5”C.
NOTE — If temperatures below those given in this standard are
to be expected the manufacturer should be informed of the
minimum ambient temperature and it should be specified
whether this applies only during transport and storage or also
after installation. Temperatures below those given shall be the
subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
4.1.2.3 Characteristics of gas used as coolant in
hydrogen-cooled machines.
Hydrogen-cooled machines shall be capable of
operating at a rated output underrated conditions with
a coolant containing not less than 95 percent hydrogen
by vohtme.
NOTE — For safety reason, the hydrogen content should at all
times be maintained at 90 percent or more, it being assumed that
the other gas in the mixture is air.
For calculating efficiency in accordance with IS 4889
from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles),
the standard composition of the gaseous mixture shall
be 98 percent hydrogen and 2 percent air by volume,
at the specified values of pressure and re-cooled
temperature, unless otherwise agreed between the
manufacturer and the purchaser. Windage losses shall
be calculated at the corresponding density.
4.2 Electrical Conditions
4.2.1 Electrical Supply
ac machines within the scope of this standard shall be
suitable for three-phase 50 Hz, with voltage derived
from the nominal voltages given in IS 12360.
In deriving rated voltages for machines, it is necessary
to take into consideration the differences between
distribution and utilization system voltages.
NOTE — For large high-voltage ac generators, the voltage may
be selected for optimum performance.
4.2.2 Form and Symmetry of Voltage and Currents
Machines shall be so designed as to be capable of
operating under the conditions detailed in 4.2.2.1,
4.2.2.2 as appropriate (see also 4.2.2.3).
4.2.2.1 In the case of an ac motor, the supply voltage
is assumed to be virtually sinusoidal as defined in item
(a) below. In the case of a polyphase motor, the supply
voltages are also assumed to forma virtually balanced
system as defined in item (b) below. Should the limits
in items (a), and (b), occur simultaneously in service
at the rated load, this shall not lead to any deleterious
temperature in the motor and it is recommended that
the excess resulting temperature rise or temperature
related to the limits specified in 13.2 should be not
more than 10°C.
 IS 4722:2001 +

a) The voltage is considered to be virtually b) A polyphase circuit is considered to be vir-

sinusoidal. If, when supplying an ac motor at tually balanced if, when supplied by a balanced
rated load, the waveform is such that the dif- system of voltage, the system of currents is
ference between the instantaneous value and virtually balanced, that is to say, neither the
,’

the instantaneous value of the fundamental negative-sequence component nor the zero- ,,... .

component does not exceed 5 percent of the
amplitude of the latter;
In temperature-rise testing, as specified in
IS 12802 such amplitude difference shall not
exceed 2.5 percent.
b) A polyphase voltage system is deemed to
form a virtually balanced system of voltages
if the negative sequence component does not
exceed 1 percent of the positive-sequence
component of the system of voltages over a
long period, or 1.5 percent for a short period
not exceeding a few minutes, and if the voltage
of the zero-sequence component does not
exceed 1 percent of positive-sequence
component.
NOTE — Motors shall be able to operate with a negative
sequence component of voltage of 2 percen~ but this
may involve very severe conditions which could affect
the life of motors.
In temperature-rise testing as, specified in IS 12802,
negative-sequence component shall be less than 0.5
percent of the positive sequence component of the
system of voltages, the influence of zero-sequence
system being eliminated. By agreement between
manufacturer and purchaser, the negative-sequence
component of the system of currents maybe measured
instead of the negative-sequence component of the
voltages, and this shall not exceed 2.5 percent of the
positive-sequence component of the system of
currents.
NOTE — In the vicinity of large single-phase loads (for
example, induction furnaces), and in rural areas particularly on
mixed industrial and domestic systems, supplies may be
distorted beyond the limits set out above. Special
arrangements will then be necessary between the manufacturer
and purchaser.
4.2.2.2 In the case of an ac generator, the circuit which
it supplies is assumed to be virtually non-deforming
and virtually balanced as defined in items (a) and (b)
below. Should the limits defined in items (a) and (b)
occur simultaneously in service at the rated load, this
shall not lead to any deleterious temperature in the
generator and it is recommended that the excess
resulting temperature rise of temperature related to the
limits specified in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 of
IS 12802 should be not more than 10”C.
a) A circuit is considered to be virtually non-
deforttiing if, when supplied by a sinusoidal,
that is to say, none of the instantaneous values
differ from the instantaneous value of the same
phase of the fundamental wave by more than
5 percent of the amplitude of the latter.
sequence component exceeds 5 percent of
the positive sequence component.
/
4.2.2.3 In the case of a dc motor supplied from a static
power converter, the pulsating voltage and current
affect the performance of the machine. Losses and
temperature rise will increase and the communication
is more difficult compared with a dc motor supplied
from a pure dc power source.
Thus it is necessary for motors intended for static
converter supply to be designed to operate under these
conditions and it is often necessary to provide a dc
motor with an external inductance for reducing the
pulsation.
In order to obtain a proper combination of dc motor
and static power converter, the motor manufacturer
should be consulted.
4.3 Voltage and Frequency Variation During
Operation
4.3.1 Generators complying with these requirements
shall be capable of suppl ying their rated output at rated
speed (and at rated power factor where separately
controllable) at a voltage that may vary between
95 percent and 105 percent of their rated voltage.
4.3.2 Motors complying with these requirements
shall be capable of providing their rated output with:
.
a) The terminal voltage differing from its rated
value by not more than * 6 percent, or
b) The frequency differing from its rated value by
not more than i 3 percent, or
c) Any combination of (a) and (b).
In the case of continuous operation at the extreme
voltage limits specified above, the temperature-rise
limits stated in Table 1 and Table 2 of IS 12802 shall
not exceed by more than:
a) 10°C for machines of outputs up to and
including 1000 kW (or kVA), and
b) 5° C for machines of outputs exceeding 1000
kW ( or kVA).
Motors, when operated at the extreme conditions of
voltage and frequency variation, may not necessarily
have their performance specified in the relevant
standard.
NOTE — Machines should not be operated in service at loads
in excess of their rated load or under conditions differing from
the rated conditions unless it is known that they are suitable for
such use.

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 IS 4722:2001

Table 1 Weighting Factors 4.4 Machine Neutral Earthing

(Clauses 4.2.2.2 and 9.1,2)
4.4.1 ac machine shall be suitable for continuous
Frequency Weighting Frequency Weighting operation with the neutral at or near earth potential.
Hz Factor Hz Factor They shall also be suitable for operation on unearthed
(1) (2) (3) (4) systems with one line at earth potential for infrequent
16.66
periods of short duration; for example, as required for
0.00000117 2050 1.79
50 0.0000444 2100 1.81 normal fault clearance. If it is intended to run the
100 0.00112 2150 1.82 machine continuously or for prolonged periods in this
150 0.00665 2200 1.84 condition, a machine with a level of insulation suitable
200 0.0223 2250 1.86
250 0.0556 2300
for this condition will be required and the condition
1.87
300 0.111 2350 1.89 shall be defined in operating instructions.
350 0.165 2400 1.90
400 0.242 — — If the windings do not have the same insulation at the
450 0.327 2450 1.91 line and the neutral ends, this shall be defined in
500 0.414 2500 1.93 operating instructions.
550 0.505 2550 1.93
600 0.585 2600 1.94 NOTE — The earthhrg of interconnection of machine neutral
650 0.691 2650 1.95 points should not be undertaken without consulting the machine
700 0.790 2700 1.96 manufacturers because of the danger of zero-sequence
750 0.895 2750 1.96 components of currents of all frequencies under some operating
800 1.000 2800 1.97 conditions and the possible mechanical damage to the winding
850 1.10 2850 1.97 due to line-to-neutral fault conditions.
900 1.21 2900 1.97
950 1.32 2950 1.97 5 TYPES OF ENCLOSURES
1000 1.40 3000 1.97
1050 1.46 3100 1.94 Machines covered by this standard shall have one of
1100 1.47 3200 1.89 the degree of protection as given in IS 4691.
1150 1.49 33tXl 1.83
1200 1.50 3400 1.75 6 METHOD OF COOLING
1250 1.53 3500 1.65
1300 1.55 3600 1.51 The methods of cooling of rotating electrical machines
1350 1.57 37Mt 1.35 and their designations shall be in accordance with
1400 1.58 3800 1.19 IS 6362.
1450 1.60 3900 1.04
1500 1.61 4000 0.890 7 ASSIGNMENT OF RATINGS
1550 1.63 4100 0.740
1600 1.65 4200 0.610 7.1 The ratings assignment to the electrical machines
1650 1.66 4300 0.4%
1700 1.68 shall take into account the class and type of duty
4400 0.396
1750 1.70 4500 0.316 covered in IS 12824 and as marked on the rating plate
.1800 i.71 4600 0.232 (see 3.1).
1850 1.72 4700 0.199
1900 1.74 4800 0.138 7.2 Preferred Voltages
1950 1.75 4900 0.125
2000 1.77 5000 0.100 For the purpose of this standard, the preferred voltage
shall be in accordance with IS 12360.
Table 2 Cross-Sectional Areas of Earth Conductor
(Clauses 4.2.2.2 and 12.1.6) 7.2.1 The voltages preferred for three-phase 50 Hz
machines are 415 V, 3.3 kV, 6.6 kV, and 11 kV.
Cross-SectionalArea of t%ss-Seetional Area of the NOTES
the Live Condrretor Earth of Protective 1 The voltages above 11 kV are subjeet to mutual agreement
mm2 rnrr? between the manufacturer and the user.
(1) (2) 2 The coordinationof voltage and output ratings of ac machines
4 4 is given in 10.1.
6 6 7.3 Frequency and Number of Phases
10 10
16 16 For ac machines the frequency shall be the standard
25 25 frequency of 50 Hz.
35 25
50 25 7.3.1 The standard number of phases for ac machines
70 35
95 shall be three.
50
120 70 7.4 Preferred Rated Output
150 70
185 95 The rated output of the various types of rotating
240 120 electrical machines should be assigned in accordance
300 150
4txl 185 with IS 12824.

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IS 4722:2001

Table 3 Overspeed 7.4.2 The output ratings above 110 kW shall follow
(Clauses 4.2.2.2 and 17.1) the R20 series covered in IS 1076.

7.5 Machines with More Than One Rating

Item Machine Type OverSpeedRequirements
No. 7.5.1 Ratings for Multi-speed Motors
(1) (2) (3)
1 ac machines: For multi-speed motors, a definite rating shall be
— All machines except 1.2 times the maximum rated assigned for each speed.
those specified beiow: speed
@ Water-turbine driven Unless otherwise specified, the 7.5.2 Rating for Machines with Varying
genera tors, any runaway speed of the set but not Quantities
auxiliary machines less than 1.2 times the maximum
connected directly rated speed When a rated quantity (output, voltage, speed, etc)
(electrically or
mechanically) to the may assume several values or vary continuously
main machine within two limits, the values shall be stated at these
b) Machines which may The specified runaway speed of limits. This provision does not apply to voltage
under certain the set but not less than 1.2 times variation of N percent or to star-delta connections
circumstances be the maximum rated speed intended for starting.
driven by the load
c) Series and universal 1.1 times the no-load streed at 8 MACHINES FOR NON-STANDARD
motors rated voltage. For motors VOLTAGES, FREQUENCY AND NUMBER OF
integrally attached to loads that
cannot become accidentally PHASES
disconnected, the term no-load
Machines within the scope of this standard for use on
speed shall be interpreted to
mean the lightest load condition systems complying voltages, frequencies and phases
possible with the load other thun standard shall be considered as complying
2 dc machines: with this standard provided they comply with this
O Shunt-wound and 1.2 times the highest rated speed standard in all other respects. The voltages, frequency
separately excited or 1.15 times the corresponding and number of phases for which they are designed
motors no-load speed, whichever is
greater
shall be stated on the rating-plate.
b) Compound-wound 1.2 times the highest rated speed
motors having speed or 1.15 times the corresponding
9 IRREGULARITIES OF WAVEFORM
regulation of 35 percent no-load speed, whichever is
or less greater but not exceeding 1.5 9.1 The requirements of this clause apply only to
times the highest rated speed synchronous machines of 300 kW or (kVA) or above,
c) Compound-wound As per mutual agreement intended for connection to power networks operating
motors, having speed between the manufacturer and at rated frequencies of 16 2/3 Hz 100 Hz inclusive,
regulation greater than purchaser ..
with a view to minimizing interference between power’
35 percent and series-
wound motors lines and adjacent circuits.
d) Permanent-magnet Overspeeds as spmitied in item
excited motors - 2(a), unless the motor has a 9.1.1 Requirements
series winding and, in such a
case, they shall withstand the When tested on open circuit and at rated speed and
overspeeds specified in item 2(b) voltage, the telephone harmonic factor (THF) of the
or 2(c) as appropriate
line-to-line terminal voltage as measured according
e) Generators 1.2 times the rated soeed
to 9.1.2 shall not exceed the following value:
7.4.1 Preferred Outputs of Motors Rated Output THF,
The preferred output ratings for dc motors and ac percent
induction motors up to and including 110 kW are: 300 kW (or kVA) e P S 1000 kW (or kVA) 5
kW kW kW 1f)CtOkW(orkVA)<PS5000 kW (or kVA) 3
0.06 1.1 18.5
5000 kW (or kVA) < P 1.5
0.09 1.5 22
NOTES
0.12 2.2 30
1 Limiting values of individual harmonics are not specified as
0.18 3.7 37
it is considered that machines which meet the above
0.25 5.5 45 requirements shall be operationally satisfactory,
0.37 7.5 55 2 Where the synchronous machine is to be connected to the
0.55 11 75 system in an unusual manner (for example, where the star point
0.75 15 90 of machine is connected to earth and the machine is not linked
110 to the system via a transformer), the waveform requirements
should be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

6
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 IS 4722:2001

“
9.1.2 Tests conformity with 9.1.1, shall be verified by 11 DUTY AND RATING
type tests on ac generators. The range of frequencies
The type of duty and class of rating of rotating ,$
measured shall cover all harmonics from rated
electrical machine shall be in accordance with
frequency up to 5000 Hz. Either the THF may be
IS 12824.
measured directly by means of a meter and associated ,.$,

,-.

network specially designed for the purpose or each 12 CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS :

individual harmonic shall be measured and from the

12.1 Earth Terminali
measured values the THF shall be computed using the
following formula: Machines shall be provided with means for connecting
a protective conductor or an earth conductor, such
THF (percent)=
means being identified by the appropriate symbol or
100
E12klz+ Ez2~z2+Es 2ks2+ .....+E.2 kf12 legend. This requirement does not apply to machines
7{
with supplementary insulation, to machines with rated
where voltages up to 42 V, or to machines for assembling in
En = rms value of nth harmonic line-to-line supplementary insulation.
terminal voltage,
12.1.1 In the case of machines having rated voltages
U = rms value of line-to-line terminal above 42 V, but not exceeding 1000 V ac or 1500 V
voltage of machine, and dc, the terminal for the earth conductor shall be
An = weighting factor for frequency situated in the vicinity of the terminals for the line
corresponding to nth harmonic. conductors, being placed in “the terminal box if
provided. Machines having rated outputs in excess of
Numerical values of the weighting factor for different
100 kW shall have, in addition, an earth terminal fitted
frequencies shall be obtained from Table 1. The curve
on the frame.
in Fig. 1 may be used as an aid to interpolation.
12.1.2 Machines for rated voltages higher than 1000
2.0 V ac or 1500 V dc, shall have an earth terminal on the
frame, for example, an iron strap and in addition a
1.8
means inside the terminal box for connecting cable
1.6 armour, if any.

1.4 12.1.3 The earth terminal shall be designed to ensure

m
o a good connection with the earth conductor without
g 1.2
any damage to the conductor or terminal. Accessible ..
if
* 1.0 conducting parts which are not part of the operating
~ circuit shall have a good electrically conducting
+
x 008 connection with each other and with the earth terminal.
g

; 1.6
The shaft need not be electrically connected to the
earth terminal unless the bearings are insulated and the
0.4 accessible parts of the shaft and of these insulated
0.2 bearings can be subjected to dangerous contact
voltages under fault conditions.
0 0 12.1.4 When an earth terminal is provided in the
FREQUENCY Iiz
terminal box, it shall be assumed that the earth
conductor is made of the same metal as the live
FIG. 1 WEIGHING CURVE
conductors.
10 CO-ORDINATION OF VOLTAGES AND 12.1.5 When an earth terminal is provided on the
OUTPUTS frame, the earth conductor may, by agreement, be
made of another metal (that is, steel). In this case, in
In the case of ac machines, the rated output should be
designing the terminal, proper consideration shall be
greater than the limits given below in terms of the rated
given to the conductivity of the conductor.
voltage:
Rated Voltage (UtJ Minimum Rated Output 12.1.6 The earth terminal shall be designed to
kV kW or kVA accommodate an earth conductor of crosssectional
area in accordance with the Table 2. If an earth
2< U. <3.3 100 conductor larger than the size given in the Table 2 is
3.3< u. <6.6 200 used, it is recommended that it should correspond as
nearly as possible to one of the other sizes listed.
6.6<U. <11 1000

7
IS 4722:2001

12.1.7 For other cross-sectional areas of the live 14.1 Occasional Excess Current for ac Generators
conductors, the earth protective conductor shall have
ac generators having rated outputs not exceeding 1200
cross-sectional areas at least equivalent to:
MVA shall be capable of withstanding a current equal
a) that of the live conductor for cross-sectional
to 1.5 times the rated current for not less than 30s.
areas less than 25 mm2,
b) 25 mm2forcross-sectional areas between25 14.1.1 ac generators having rated outputs above 1200
MVA shall be capable of withstanding a current equal
mm2 and 50 mm2,
to 1.5 times the rated current for a period which shall
c) 50 percent of that of the live conductor for
be agreed between the manufacturer and the
cross-sectional areas exceeding 50 mm2, and purchaser, but this period shall not be less than 15s.
d) the earth terminal shall be identified by
symbol_!_. 14.2 Occasional Excess Current for dc Machines
= and ac Motors (Except Commutator Motors)
12.2 Mounting Arrangements
Three-phase ac motors having outputs not exceeding
The designation for types of construction and 315 kW and rated voltage not exceeding 1 kV shall be
mounting arrangements shall be in accordance with capable of withstanding a current equal to 1.5 times
IS 2253. the rated current for not less than 2 min.
NOTE — For three-phasemotors having rated outputs above
12.3 Shaft Extension Key 315 kW and all single-phasemotors, no occasional excess
currentis specified.
When the machine shaft extension is provided with
keyway, it should be provided with a full key of normal 14.3 Occasional Excess Current for dc Machines
shape and length. and ac Commutator Motors
NOTE — The use of shaft extension key for the purpose of dc motors and generators and ac commutator motors
vibration measurement is covered in IS 12075.
shall be capable of withstanding at the highest
13 TEMPERATURE-RISE full-field speed (rated speed of a generator) and
corresponding armature voltage. A current equal to 1.5
13.1 The determination of temperature-rise of times the rated current for not less than 1 min.
rotating electrical machine delivering rated output
14.3.1 For large machines, a shorter time may be
under the rated condition of voltage, frequency and
agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser
power factor shall be in accordance with IS 12802.
but this shall be not less than 30s.
13.2 The limits of temperature-rise applicable to
15 MOMENTARY EXCESS TORQUE FOR
rotating electrical machines shall be in accordance
MOTORS
with Table 1 to Table 3 of IS 12802.
15.1 Polyphase Induction Motors and dc Motors
14 OCCASIONAL EXCESS CURRENT FOR
(Excluding Motors in 15.2)
ROTATING MACHINES
The motors shall, whatever their duty and
The excess current capability of machines is given for construction, be capable of withstanding for 15 s,
the purpose of co-ordinating these machines with without stalling or abrupt change in speed (under
control and protective devices. Tests to demonstrate gradual increase of torque), an excess torque, of 60
these capabilities are not a requirement of this percent of their rated torque, the voltage and frequency
standard. (induction motors) being maintained at their rated
values. For dc motors, the torque maybe expressed in
The heating effect in the machine windings varies
terms of overload current.
approximately as the product of the time and the
square of current. A current in excess of the rated 15.1.1 Motors for duty Type S9 (see IS 12824) shall
current will result in increased temperattrte. Unless be capable of withstanding momentarily an excess
otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the torque determined according to the duty specified.
purchaser, it can be assumed that the machine will not NOTE — For an approximate determination of the change of
be operated at the excess currents specified for more temperature due to the course of the current-related losses,
than a few short periods during the lifetime of the thermal equivalent time constant, determined according to
IS 12S02 maybe used. In addition in the case of commutator
machine. machine, attention, should be given to the limits of commutation
capability.
When an ac machine is to be used both as generator
and a motor, the excess current capability should be 15.2 Induction Motors for Specific Applications
the subject of agreement between the manufacturer
For motors intended for specific application which
and the purchaser,
require high torque (for example, for hoisting), excess

8
 IS 4722:2001

torque shall be the subject of agreement between the 17 OVERSPEED

manufacturer and the purchaser.
17.1 Machines shall be designed to withstand the
15.2.1 For cage-type induction motors specially speeds specified in Table 3.
designed to ensure a starting current less than 4.5 times
the rated current, the excess torque can be below the 17.1.1 An overspeed test is not normally considered
figure of 60 percent given in 15.1, but not less than necessary but can be performed when this is specified
50 percent. and has been agreed to between the manufacturer and
the purchaser (For turbine-type ac generators see
15.2.2 In the case of special types of induction motor also IS 5422).
with special inherent starting properties, for example
motors intended for use at variable frequency, the 17.1.2 An overspeed test shall be considered as
value of the excess torque shall be the subject of satisfactory if no permanent abnormal deformation is
agreement between the manufacturer and the apparent subsequently, and no other deficiency is
purchaser. detected which would prevent the machine from
operating normally, and provided the rotor windings
15.3 Polyphase Synchronous Motors after the test comply with the required dielectric tests.
The duration of any overspeed test shall be 2 min.
15.3.1 Unless otherwise agreed, a polyphase
synchronous motor irrespective of the duty, shall be 17.1.3 Due to settling of laminated rotor rims,
capable of withstanding an excess torque as specified laminated poles held by wedges or by bolts, etc, a
below for 15s without falling out of synchronism, the minute permanent increase in the diameter is natural,
excitation being maintained at the value and is not to be considered as an abnormal deformation
corresponding to rated load. When brushless indicating that the machine is not suitable for normal
excitation is used, the limits of torque shall be the same operation.
value with the excitation equipment operating under
normal conditions: 17.2 During commissioning of a hydraulic turbine
driven synchronous generator, the machine shall be
Synchronous (wound rotor) 35 percent excess driven at the speed it can reach with the overspeed
induction motors torque protection operating, so as to ascertain that the balance
Synchronous (cylindrical rotor) 35 percent excess quality is satisfactory up to that speed.
motors torque
18 UNBALANCED CURRENTS OF
Synchronous (salient pole) 50 percent excess SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
motors torque
18.1 Unless otherwise specified, three-phase
15.4 Other Motors synchronous machines shall be capable of operating
continuously on an unbalanced system such that, with
The momentary excess torque for single-phase, none of the phase currents exceeding the rated current,
commutator and other motors shall be the subject of the ratio of the negative sequence component of
agreement between the manufacturer and the current (12) to the rated current(L) does not exceed the
purchaser. values in Table 4 and under fault conditions, shall be

16 PULL-UP TORQUE capable of operating with the product of (12/ln)2 and

16.0 Unless otherwise specified, the pull-up torque of
cage induction motors under full voltage shall be at
least equal to the following values.
16.1 Sbgle Speed Three-Phase Motors
a) For output less than 100 kW:
0.5 times the rated torque, and
0.5 times the locked rotor torque.
time in second (t) not exceeding the value in Table 4.
19 SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT
19.1 Unless otherwise specified, the peak value of the
short-circuit current for synchronous machines, and
turbine-type machines not covered by IS 5422. In case
of short-circuit of all phases during operation at rated
voltages, shall not exceed 15 times the peak value or
21 times therms value of the rated current.

b) For output equal to or greater than 100 kW: 19.1.1 For three-phase turbine-type machines, see
0.3 times the rated torque, and IS 5422.
0.5 times the locked rotor torque.
19.1.2 The check may be carried out by calculation or
16.2 Multi-Speed Three-Phase Motors by means of a test at a voltage of 50 percent of the rated
voltage or above.
0.3 times the rated torque.
8

9
IS 4722:2001

Table 4 Unbalanced Operating Conditions for 20.1.2 The test is considered satisfactory if no
Synchronous Machines harmful deformation occurs and if the requirements of
(Clause 18.1) the applied voltage dielectric test (see 30 and Table 6)
are met after the short-circuit test. For three-phase
Item Machine Type Maxtmum (12/1.)Maximum (lz/1n)2t turbine-type-machines (see IS 5422).
No. for Continuous for Oswatfon
Operation Und& Fault 20.2 Excitation
Conditions
(1) (2) (3) (4) 20.2.1 Generator Reserve Excitation

1 Salient pole machines When running at the rated operating temperature and
Indirectly cooled:
at rated speed, generators shall be capable of
motors 0.1 20
generators 0.08 20 developing for a short time their rated voltage and a
synchronous condensers 0.1 20 current eqtrat to 125 percent of the rated current
2 Directly cooled (innercooled) stator (at rated power factor for ac generators). For
and/or field separately excited or self excited machines, the field
motors 0.08 15 winding shall be designed accordingly. For machines
generators 0.05 15
with direct coupled exciter, the exciter shall be capable
synchronous condensers 0.08 15
cylindrical rotor synchronous of supplying the required excitation voltage.
machines NOTES
1 The operating conditions stated above are only intended to
3 Indirectly cooled rotoc
air-cooled 0.1 15 ascertain that the reserve excitation is sufficient and are not
hydrogen-cooled 0.1 10 associated with any temperature-rise condhion. However, if the
test is carried out after a temperature-rise test, it is recommended
4 Directly cooled (innercooled) rotor that its duration be limited in order to prevent winding
<350 MVA 0.08 8 temperatures from exceeding the limits of temperature resulting
>350 <900 MVA see Note 1 see Note 2 from the values specified in Tables 1 to 3 of IS 12802.
>900<1250MVA see Note 1 5 2 The above requirement shall not apply to compound
>1250< 1600 MVA 0.05 5 generators without any voltage regulation system.
NOTES 3 If the operating temperatureof field winding is not known, it
1 Forthesemachines,the@ue of12/1.k calculatedasfollows: shatl be considered to be 75°C for windkrg of Classes A, E and
B and 115°Cfor Classes F and H.
[1
s“ -350
12/1. = 0.08- —
3 x 104
The ceiling voltage shall not be less than 1.4 times the
2 For these mach:nes, the ~alue of (12/1,,)is calculated as
follows: rated excitation voltage for a minimum of 10s.
(12/[.)2[= (84.005 45) (S. - 350) 20.2.2 Ceiling Voltage (Up)
Where
S,,is the ratedapparentpowerin MVA
The ceiling voltage of the excitation system of “

20 SHORT-CIRCUIT WITHSTAND AND non-compounded synchronous condensers is the

EXCITATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES maximum voltage at which the excitation system is
capable of operation, with field windings of the
20.1 Short-Circuit Withstand Test for machine at their operating temperature.
Synchronous Machines
20.2.3 Initial Excitation System Response
The three-phase short-circuit test for synchronous
machines shall be carried out only at the request of the The initial excitation system response is the initial rate
purchaser. In this case, the test shall be carried out on of increase in the excitation voltage expressed by its
the machine running on no load with an excitation relative value in relation to the excitation voltage for
corresponding to the rated voltage unless otherwise the rated conditions of the main machine, the
agreed. The test shall not be cat-tied out with an temperature being the ceiling voltage to be attained in
excitation greater than that corresponding to the shortest possible time.
1.05 times the rated voltage at no load.
The conventional expression of the initial exciatioti
20.1.1 The test excitation, as determined, may be
system response is:
reduced by agreement between the manufacturer and
the purchaser, in order to take into account the up – Ufn P–1
=—
impedance of the transformer which may be placed Ufn x tt tt
between the machines and the system. In this latter
where
case, it may also be agreed that the test be made on the
operating site with the over-excitation device in Ufn = Excitation voltage for the rated
operation. The short-circuit shall be maintained for conditions of the main machine;
3 s. up = Excitation ceiling voltage;

10
 IS 4722:2001

(
P = Q; ~n~ 24 POWER FACTOR
Uflr
If a statement of power factor is required for an “
tl = The time required for the excitation induction motor the purchaser shall specify at the time
voltage U. to increase from of enquiry the loads on which the statement is to be
. ‘4
Ufn to ( Ufn + 0.632 (UP - Ufn)). based. Tolerances are given in Table 5.
..” . . .

The reciprocal of the initial excitation system response

shall be less than 2s.
NOTE — If the operatingtemperatureof field windingis not
known,it shallbeconsideredto be 75°Cforwindingsof Classes
A, E and B and 115°Cfor ClassesF and H.
20.2.4 Excitation Response Ratio
25 TOLERANCES
Unless otherwise specified, tolerances shall be in
accordance with Table 5. Where a tolerance is stated
in only one direction the tolerance in thi other
direction is considered unimportant.

The excitation response ratio is the initial excitation 26 TERMINAL MARKINGS

system response (see 20.2.3) as calculated by
Terminal markings, when used, shall be in accordance
replacing the actual change in voltage by a linear
with IS 4728.
variation leading to the same mean value as measured
during the first half second unless otherwise agreed. 27 RATING PLATES
In the case of a measurement made during the first 27.1 Every electrical machine shall be provided with
halfsecond, the excitation response ratio will be a rating plate (or rating plates), containing the
expressed by: following appropriate information which shall be
41 Ufn (0.5)– Ufn 1 easily legible and durable. This complete information
Ufn need not be on the same plate. As far as possible, the
rating plate(s) shall be fixed to the frame of the
Where machine and, unless otherwise specified, located in
Ufn = Excitation voltage for the rated such a way as to be easily legible in the position of use
condition of the main machine; and as determined by the type of construction of the
machine.
Ufn (0.5)= Mean value of the excitation voltage
a) Reference to this Indian Standard, that is,
during the first half-second.
IS 4722;
21 LIMITS OF VIBRATION SEVERITY b) The manufacturer’s name;
c) The manufacturer’s serial number of
Unless otherwise specified, the limits of vibration
identification mark and year of manufacture;
severity for the machine shall be within the limits
d) Frame reference in accordance with IS 1231,
specified in IS 12075. .
if applicable;
22 COMMUTATION e) Type of machine, a motor or generator, shunt,
series, compound, cage, etc;
Commutation of dc machines and ac Commutator 0 The class of rating or the duty type according
Motor (Excluding those of the Brush Shifting to IS 12824;
Type) The rated voltage;
g)
h) The rated output in kW or kVA;
The machine shall work with brush fixed setting from
no load to the momentary overload specified in 14 j) The rated curren~
k) Type of current(dc or at);
and 15 without injurious sparking or injury to the
m) Rated speed or speed range in revolutions per
commutator or brushes.
minute;
Annex B gives the details of the grades of sparking that n) The class of insulation or the permissible
may be used in specifying the degree of sparking. temperature-rise;
P) For hydrogen-cooled machines, the hydrogen
23 EFFICIENCY pressure at rated output
If a statement of efficiency is required, the purchaser q) The maximum ambient temperature if the
machine is designed for a maximum ambient
shall specify at the time of enquiry the load and in
temperature other than 40°C, or the maximum
the case of ac generators and synchronous motors,
water temperature if the machine is designed
the power factor to which the statement shall apply.
for a maximum water temperature other than
The method of arriving at the efficiency shall be as
25°C;
set out in IS 4889. Tolerances are specified in
r) The altitude, if the machine is designed to be
Table 5.
used at altitude exceeding 1000 m;

11
IS 4722:2001

Table 5 Schedule of Tolerance

(Clauses 23,24 and 25)

S1No. Item Tolerance

(1) (2) (3)
1 Efficiency
a) By summation of losses:
Machines up to 50 kW -15percentof(l -q)
Machines above 50 kW -lOpercentof(l -q) “

b) By input-output test -15 percent of (1 - q)

2 Total losses (see Note 1) applicable to machines + 10percent of the total losses
above 50 kW
3 Power factor for induction machines -1/6 of (1 - cos $ ) :kfin 0.02
:Max0.07
4 a) Speed of dc shunt and separate excitation motors (at full load and f 15 percenL if (kW/l CN30 rev/rein)< 0.67
at working temperature) + 10 percent, if [0.67 < (kW/l 000 rev/rein)< 2.51
+ 7.5 percent, if [2.5s (kW/ 1000 rev/rein)< 10]
+ 5.o pement, if (kW/100 rev/rein) ~ 10

b) Speedof dc seriesmotors (at full load and at working temperature) &20 percent, if (kW/l COOrev/rein)< 0.67
f 15 percent, if [0.67s (kW/l 000 revlmin) <2.51
+ 10 percent, if [2.5 S (kW/ 1000 rev/rein)< 101
f 7,5 percent, if (kW/100 rev/rein) 210
c) Speed of dc compound excitation motors (at full load and at working Tolerances as per item 4 (b) unless otherwise
temperature) agreed between the manufacturerand the purchaser.
5 a) Slip of induction motors (at full load and at working temperature):
1) machines having output 1 kW(or kVA) or more i 20 percent of the guaranteed slip
2) machines having output less than 1 kW (or kVA) i 30 percent of the guaranteed slip
b) Speed of ac motors with shunt characteristics (at full load and at working On the highest speed:
temperature) -3 percent of the synchronous speed
On the lowest speed:
+ 3 percent of the synchronous speed
6 inherent voltage regulation of dc generators, shut or separately excited at any f 20 percent of the guaranteed regulation at that
point on the characteristic point
7 Inherent voltage regulation of generatcxswithcompoundexcitation (at the rated f 20 percent of the guaranteed regulation, with a
powerfactor in the case of alternating current) minimum of +3 percent of the rated voltage
(TMs tolerance appfies to the maximum deviation
at any load between the observed voltage at that
load and a stmightlinedrawn between the points of
guaranteed no-load and full-load voltage)
8 Locked rotor current of cage induction motors with short-circuited rotor and +20 percent of the guaranteed current (no lower
with any specified starting apparatus limit)
9 Peak values of short-circuit of ac generator under specified conditions * 30 percent of the guaranteed value
10 Steady short-circuit current of an ac generator under specified conditions * 15 percent of guaranteed value

11 Variation of speed of dc shunt-wound and compound wound motors

(from no-load to full load) .+20 percent of the guaranteed variation
with a minimum of i 2 percent of the rated speed
12 Locked rotor torque of induction motors -15 percent +25 percent of the guaranteed torque
(+25 percent may be exceeded by agreement)
13 Pull-up torque of induction motors +15 percent of the guaranteed torque
14 Pull-out torque of induction motors -10 percent of the guaranteed torque except that
after allowing for this tolerance, the torque shall be
not les rJran1.6or 1.5tis therated torque (see 15)
15 Moment of inertia t 10 percent of the guaranteed value
16 Locked rotor torque for synchronous motors -15 percent +25 percent of the guaranteed value
(+25 percent may be exceded by agreement)
17 Pull-out torque for synchronous motors –10 percent of the guaranteed value except that after
allowing for this tolerance, the torque shall be not
less than 1.35or 1.5timesthe ratedtorque (see 14)
18 Locked rotor current for synchronousmotors +20 percent of the guranteed value (no lower limit)
19 Voltage balance test at no load +1%

12
 IS 4722:2001

s) The mass of the machine shall be indicated, if a) Frequency in Hz;

greater than 30kg when this indication is of b) Number of phases and winding connections
interest; and designated by appropriate symbols in accord-
t) Additional information required, if any see ance with IS 4728; and
27.2. c) For wound-rotor (slipring) machines, open
NOTE —The above items are numbered for convenient circuit rotor voltage and full load rotor current.
referencebut the order in wh]chthey appearon the ratingplate
is not standardized. 28 INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN WITH
27.2 Additional Information on Rating Plate ENQUIRY AND ORDER

27.2.1 dc Machines The details are given in Annex C.

The rating plate shall carry the following particulars 29 TESTS

in addition to &ose given in 27.2:
29.1 General
Rated field current and voltage, if separately excited.

27.2.2 ac Generators The tests specified in these clauses shall normally be

carried out at manufacturer’s works.
The rating plate shall carry the following particulars
in addition to those given in 27.1: 29.2 Test Certificates

a) Rated frequency in Hz and number of phases; 29.2.1 Unless otherwise specified when inviting
b) Power factor; tenders, the purchaser if so desired by the
c) Winding connectors designated by appropriate manufacturer, shall accept manufacturer’s certificate,
symbols in accordance with IS 4728; as evidence of the compliance of the machine with the
d) Rated field (excitation) current and voltage at requirements of temperature-rise test (see IS 12802),
rated output; and 14 and 15 on a machine identical in essential details
e) The permissible overspeed, if applicable (for with the one purchased, together with routine tests on
example, turbine-type generators and each individual machine. In the case when a batch of
hydraulic-turbine driven generators). 20 or more similar machines is supplied on one order,
type
.- tests, as specified, shall be made on one of these
27.2.3 Synchronous Motor or Synchronous Induction machines, if the purchaser so requires.
Motor or Condensers
29.2.2 Certificates of routine tests shall show that the
The rating plate shall carry the following information machine purchased has been run and has been found
or rating plate, in addition to those given in 27.1: to be electrically and mechanically sound and in
a) Rated frequency in Hz and number of phases; working order in all particulars.
b) Winding connections designated by ap-
29.2.3 If so specified, at the time of enquiry, tests shall
propriate symbols in accordance with IS 4728;
be carried out at the manufacturer’s works in the
c) Rated input in kVA or MVA, in case of presence of the purchaser or his representative to
synchronous condensers; ensure that the machine complies in every respect with
d) Rated current in amperes or rated output (for the requirements given in this draft standard and
motors) and input (for condensers) agreed to earlier at the time of agreement.
e) Rated field (excitation) current and voltage at
rated input for separately excited machines; 29.2.4 Certificates of all type tests together with a
Power factor; record of any alterations, whether essential or not,
f)
For asynchronous motor intended to be started which have been made to the machine since the type
g)
as an induction motor, standstill voltage be- tests were carried out, shall be kept available by the
tween the sliprings (or secondary terminals) in manufacturer for inspection.
starting condition; 29.3 Classification of Tests
h) Secondary current for synchronous induction
motOrs; and NOTE — Impulse tests on windings of rotating electrical
machines are under consideration.
j) Permissible overspeed, if applicable.
29.3.1 Induction Motors and Generators
27.2.4 Irrduction Motor and ac Commutator Motor
29.3.1.1 Type tests
The following information, in addition to 27.1, shall
be given on the rating plate: The following shall constitute the type tests:

13
 c. ,
————

,“
A

IS 4722:2001

a) Measurements of stator resistance and rotor d) Measurement of leakage reactance and potier
resistance of slipring motors; reactance (for generators only);
b) No load running of motor and reading of volt- e) Measurement of open-circuit characteristic
age, current, power input and speed; (for generators only); -.
c) Open circuit voltage ration on slipring f) Measurement of short-circuit characteristic
motors: (for generators only);
d) Reduced voltage running up test at no load (for g) Efficiency test;
.“
squirrel cage motors only) h) Temperature-rise test;
To check the ability of the motor to run up to j) Occasional excess current test;
full speed on no load, the value of reduced k) Overspeed test
voltage in case of motors up to 37 kW shall be m) Insulation resistance test (both before and after
I/@of the rated line voltage in each direction Dielectric test);
of rotation of motors. n) Dielectric tes~
For motors above 37 kW, the value of reduced P) Starting current and torque test (for
voltage shall be l/~ of rated line voltage of synchronous motors);
less but only in the specified direction of @ Determination of deviation of voltage wage-
rotation of motov form from sinusoidal (for generators only);
e) Locked rotor readings of voltage, current, r) Measurement of bearing current for machines
power input and torque of squirrel cage above 1000 kW;
motors; s) Short-circuit withstand test and measurement
NOTE —This test may be made at a reduced voltage. of reactance and time constants (for generators
f-) Full load values of voltage, current, power above 1000 kW only); and
input and slip; t) Pressure test on coolers for closed circuit
g) Temperature-rise test; cooling.
h) Momentary excess torque;
29.3.2.2 Routine tests
j) Insulation resistance test (both before and after
the high Dielectric tests); and The following shall constitute the routine tests:
k) Dielectric tests.
a) Measurement of winding resistance;
29.3.1.2 Routine tests b) Insulation resistance test;
c) Phase sequence test;
The following shall constitute the routine tests:
d) Regulation test (for generators only);
a) Insulation resistance tests (before Dielectric e) Measurement of open-circuit characteristic
..
test only); (for generators only);
b) Dielectric test; f) Measurement of short-circuit characteristic
c) No load running of motor and reading of (for generators only)(see Note 1);
current in the three-phase and voltage; @ Dielectric test;
d) Locked-rotor readings of voltage, current h) Measurement of bearing currents for machines
power input at a suitable reduced voltage; above 1000 kW; and
e) Reduced voltage running up test at no load to j) Pressure test on coolers for closed-circuit
check the ability of the motor to run up to full cooling.
speed on no load in each direction of rotation
with l/fi of the rated line voltage applied to 29.3.3 de Motors and Generators
the stator terminals (for squirrel cage motors
29.3.3.1 Type tests
only); and
f) Open circuit voltage ratio (for slipring motors The following shall constitute the type tests:
only).
a) Measurement of winding resistance;
29.3.2 Synchronous Motors and Generators b) Measurement of insulation resistance;
c) Determination of open-circuit characteristics
29.3.2.1 ;ype tests
(subject to agreement between the purchaser
and the supplier);
The following shall constitute the type tests:
d) Determination of regulation characteristics
a) Measurement of winding resistance; (subject to agreement between the purchaser
b) Phase sequence test; and the supplier);
c) Regulation test (for generators only);

14
 IS 4722:2001

e) Determination of external characteristics( for 30.1.4 The test shall be commenced at a voltage of not
generators only) this test shall be applicable for more than one half of the full test voltage. The voltage
generators having output ratings above shall then be increased to the full value steadily or in
150 kW and shall be subject to agreement steps of not more than 5 percent of the full value, the
between the purchaser and the supplie~ time allowed for the increase of the voltage from half
f) Temperature-rise test; value being not less than 10 s. The full test voltage
.9 Commutation-rise test; shall then be maintained for 1 minute in accordance
h) Determination of efficiency of machines; with the value as specified in Table 6.
NOTE — For sliprings alternators these tests are 30.1.5 During the routine testing of quantity produced
conducted with respect to main field current and for
brusbless these tests are carried out with respect to field machines, the one-minute test may be replaced:
current.
a) for machines up to 200 kW (or kVA) and with
j) Load saturation characteristics (for exciters
rated voltages up to 660 V, by a test of
only);
approximately 5 s at the normal test voltage
k) Nominal exciter response for dc exciters specified in Table 6; and
(subject to agreement between the purchaser
b) for machines up to 5 kW (or kVA) by a test of
and the supplier);
approximately 120 percent of the normal test
m) Overspeed test; and voltage in Table 6.
n) Dielectric test.
The test voltage being applied by means of probe.
29.3.3.2 Routine tests
30.1.6 The high voltage test at full voltage made on
The following shall constitute the routine tests:
the windings on acceptance shall not be repeated. If,
a) Measurement of winding resistance; however, a second test is made at the request of the
b) Measurement of insulation resistance, before purchaser after further drying if considered necessary,
and after high voltage test; the voltage shall be 80 percent of the voltage specified
c) Commutation test; and in Table 6.
d) Dielectric test.
30.1.7 Completely rewound windings shall be tested
30 ELECTRIC STRENGTH at the full test voltage for new machines.

30.1 Dielectric Test 30.1.8 When a user and a repair contractor have
agreed to carry out dielectric tests in cases where
30.1.1 The high voltage shall be applied between the windings have been partially rewound or in the case
windings under test and the frame of the machine with of an overhauled machine, the following provisions
the core and the windings not under test connected to are recommended:
the frame. It shall be applied only to a new and
completed machine with all its parts in place under a) Partially rewound windings are tested at
conditions equivalent to normal working conditions 75 percent of the test voltage for a new
and shall be carried out at the manufacturer’ works. machine. Before the test, the old part of the
When the temperature-rise test is carried out, the winding shall be carefully cleaned and dried;
and
dielectric test shall be carried out immediately after
b) Overhauled machines after cleaning and
this test.
drying are subjected to a test at a voltage equal
30.1.2 In the case of polyphase machines with rated to 1.5 times the rated voltage with a minimum
voltage above lkV having both ends of each phase of 1 000 V if the rated voltage is equal to or
individually accessible, the test voltage shall be greater than 100 V and a minimum of 500 volt
applied between each phase and the frame, with the if the rated voltage is less than 100 V.
core and the other phases and windings not under test
connected to the frame. 30.2 Insulation Resistance Test

30.1.3 The test voltage shall be of power- 30.2.1 The procedure for determination of insulation
resistance of insulated parts of the machines given in
frequency and shall be as near as possible to sine wave
form. IS 7816 shall be followed. The value of recommended
dc voltage at which the test may be carried out are
given in Table 7.

15
 A

IS 4722:2001

Table 6 Dielectric Tests

(Clauses 30.1.4,30.1.5 and 30. 1.6)

sl Machine or Part Test Voltage (rms)

No.
(1) (2)
1)Insulated windings of size less than 1kW (or kVA)and of rated
voltage less than 100V with the exception of those S1No. (d)
to (h)
2) Insulated windings of rotating machines of size less than 10000
kW (or kVA) with the exception of those in item (a) and S1No.
(d) to (h) (see Note 2)
3) Insulated windings of rotating machines of size 10000 kW
(or kVA) or more with the exceptionof drme in S1No. (d) to (h)
(seeNote2)
Rated voltage (see Note 1):
Upto24W30V
above24CMlV
4) Separately excited field windings of dc machines
5) Field windings of synchronous generators, synchronousmotors
and synchronous condensers:
a) Rated field voltage Up to 500 V
Above 500 V
b) When a machine is intended to be started with field winding
short-circuited or connected across a resistance of the value
less than ten times the resistance of the winding
c) When the machine is intended to be started either with the
field winding connected across a resistance of value equal
to or more than ten times the resistance of the winding or
with the field windings on open circuit with or without a
field dividing switch
(3)
500 V + twice the rated voltage
.’
1000 V+ twice the rated voltage with a minimum of 1500 V (see
Note 1)
1000 V+2U,where U is the rated voltage
Subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser
1000 V+ twice the maximum rated circuit voltage with a minimum
of1500v
Ten times the rated field voltage with a minimum of 500 v
4000 V+ twice the rated field voltage
Ten times the rated field voltage with a minimum of 500 V and
maximum of 3500 V
1 000V + twice the maximum value of the rms voltage which can
occur under the specified starting conditions between the terminals
of the field winding or in the case of a sectional field winding
between the terminals of any section with a minimum of 1500 V
(see Note 3)

6) Secondary (usually rotor) windings of induction motors or

synchronousinductionmotorsis not permanentlyshort-circuited
(for example, if intended for rheostaticstarting):
a) For non-reversing motor or motor reversible from standstill
only; and
b) For motors to be reversed or braked by reversing the
primary sLIpplywhile the motor is running
1 000V+ twice the open-circuit standstill voltage as measure
between siiprings of secondary terminals with rated voltageapplied
to the primary windings
1000V+four times the open-circuit standstill secondary voltage as
defined in S1No. 6(a)

7) Exciters (except as below) As per the windhrgs to which they are connected
Exception 1 — Exciters of synchronous motors (Including 1000 V + twice the rated exciter voltage with at minimum of
synchronous induction motors) if connected to earth or 1500V
disconnected from the field windings during starting.
Exception 2 — Separately excited field windings of exciters
Isee S1No. (4)]
8) Assembled group machines and apparatus A repetition of the test in S1No. 1 to 6 above should be avoided, if
possible, but if a test on an assembled group of several pieces of
new apparatus each one of which has previously passed its high
voltagetest, is made the test voltage to be applied to such assembled
group shall be 80 percent of the lowest test voltage appropriate for
any part of the group (see Note 4)
NOTES
1 For two-phase windings having one terminal in common, the voltage in the formula shafl be the highest rms voltage arising between
any two terminals during operations.
2 High-voltage tests on machines having graded insulation should be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
3 The voltage occuring between the terminals of the field windings, or sections thereof under the specified starting conditions maybe
measured at any convenient reduced supply voltage and the voltage so measured shall be increased in the ratio of specified starting
voltage to the test supply voltage.
4 For windings of one or more machines connected together elcctnca\Iy the voltage to be considered is the maximum vohage that
occurs in relation to earth.

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1s 47LL : Z(JU1

Table 7 Test Voltages for Insulation Resistance standard. In case of type test, this is to be carried out
(Clause 30.2.1) at the conclusion of the temperature-rise test of the
machine.
Rated Voltage Test Voltagefor Insulation
ac Resistance, dc 32 OVERSPEED TEST
(1) (2)
The test, if agreed, shall be made, to verify the
Up to 660 5MIv requirements of 17 of this standard.
Above 660 up to and 1000 V or higher value as agreed
includhrg I 100 between the manufacturer and the 33 UNBALANCED CURRENTS OF
mer
SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
30.2.2 The minimum values of insulation resistance
The test, if agreed, shall be carried out to verify the
shall be determined by the following empirical
provisions of 18 of this standard.
relationship:
Rm=kV+l 34 SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT TEST
Where
The test, if agreed, shall be carried out to verify the
R. = Minimum insulation resistance in
provisions of 19 and 20 of this standard.
megaohms at 40°C of entire machine
windings; and 35 OCCASIONAL EXCESS CURRENT
kv = Rated voltage of the motor, in kilovolts.
This test shall be carried out to verify the provisions
NOTE — Rm at 40° C is in effectone megaohmper 1000 volts
plus one megaohm. of 14 of this standard.

30.2.3 ac machines rated above 3.3 kV and having 36 MOMENTARY EXCESS TORQUE
output more than 1 000 kW may also be tested for
This test shall be earned out to verify the provisions
polarization index (PI) of insulated windings. The
of 15 of this standard.
method for measurement of polarization index shall be
in accordance with IS 7816. The minimum values of 37 PULL UP TORQUE FOR MOTORS
PI (lRlornin/lRl rein) shall be 1.5 for Class A, 2.0 for
Class B and 1.75 for Class E insulation systems. This test shall be carried out to verify the provisions
NOTE — The recommended minimum value of PI
of 16 of this standard.
(!~=vhq~~)shall be 1.3 for all classes of insulations of the
windings. 38 LIMITS OF VIBRATION

31 COMMUTATION TEST If agreed between the user and the manufacturer, this
test may be arranged to verify the specified limits of
31.1 The commutation test shall be made to verify the vibration according to IS 12075.
machine meets the requirements specified in 22 of this

ANNEX A
(Clause 2)
LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS

IS No. Title IS No. Title

1076:1985 Preferred number (second revision) 4691:1985 Degrees of protection provided by

1231:1974 Dimensions of three-phase foot- enclosures for rotating electrical
mounted induction motors (third machines (tlrst revision)
revision) 4728:1975 Terminal marking and direction of
1885 Electrotechnical vacabulaty: Part 35 rotation for rotating electrical
machinery (first revision)
(Part 35) : Rotating machinery (first revision)
1993 4889:1968 Method of determination of ef-
2253:1974 ficiency of rotating electrical
Designation for types of construction
and mounting arrangement of rotat- machines
ing electrical machines (tirst 5422:1996 Turbine type generators
revision)

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IS 4722:2001

IS No. Title IS No. Title

6362:1995 Designation of methods of cooling 12360:1988 Voltage bands forelectrical installa- -,

for rotating electrical machines tion, including preferred voltages and

7816:1975 Guide for testing insulation resis- frequency .,
tance of rotating machines ,. . ..*
12802:1989 Temperature-rise measurement of
12075:1987 Mechanical vibration of rotating rotating electrical machines
electrical machines with shaft 12824: 1989 Types-of duty classes of rating
heights 56 mm and higher-measure- assigned to rotating electrical ,.
ment, evaluation and limits of vibra- machines
tion severity

ANNEX B
(Clause 22.1)
GRADES OF SPARKING

B-1 GRADES B-1,1 No. 1 and No. 2

B-1.O The following grades of sparking maybe used No blackening of commutator and burning of brushes.
to specify the degree of sparking.
No.1 No.2

E!ln
ABSENCE OF SPARKING
(BLOCK COMMUTATION)
MODERATE SPARKING
THE BRUSHES
ON ALL

No. 1+
No.3

SLIGHT PIN POINT SPARKING HEAVY SPARKING ON ALL

UNDER SOME OF THE BRUSHES THE BRUSHES

No.1+ No.4

B
SLIGHT SPARKING UNDER MOST VICIOUS SPARKING ON ALL THE
OF THE BRUSHES BRUSHES WITH STREAMERS
OR GLOWING

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IS 4722:2001

B-1.2 No.1 B-1.4 No.3

Traces of black spots on commutator which can be Permitted only for direct on load starting and for the
removed by petrol. Traces of burning on brushes. starting period. Easily spottable blackening of
commutator which cannot be removed by petrol.
B-1.3 No. 2
Burning and slight damaging of brushes.
Permitted only for short time overloads. Trace of B ~ ~ No d
black spots on commutator which cannot be removed - “ “
by petrol. Traces of bums on brushes. To much blackening of commutator which cannot be
removed by petrol. Damaging of brushes.

ANNEX C
(Clauses 28 and 31.3)
INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN WITH ENQUIRY AND ORDER

C-1 GENERAL b) Rated voltages. If the voltage at rated load is

When enquiring for an ordering an electrical machine
to comply with this standard, the following particulars
should be supplied:
a) Site operating conditions;
b) The number of Indian Standard;
c) The type of enclosure;
d) The type of duty;
e) The maximum temperature of the cooling air,
if it exceeds 40°C or of the cooling water, if it
exceeds 25°C at the place where the machine
is intended to work under ordinary service;
f) The altitude of the place at which the machine
is intended to work in ordinary service, if it
exceeds 1000 m;
@ If the machine is required to operate between
various limits of voltage, current, frequency or
speed, the corresponding values of the voltage,
current, frequency and speed respectively;
h) System of earthing, if any, to be adopted;
j) Particulars of tests required and where they are
to be carried out;
k) Particulars as to whether voltage-limiting
devices will be employed;
m) Whenever a motor or generator is associated
with a reciprocating machine, any information
regarding the associated machine which will
enable the natural frequency of torsional
resonance of the combined unit to be deter-
mined; and
n) The additional information required by the
following clauses of this Annex where ap-
plicable.
c-2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR
DIRECT CURRENT GENERATOR
When enquiring for and ordering a direct current
generator, the following particulars should be supplied
in addition to the requirements of C-1.
a) Electrical output at the terminals, in kilowatts;
required to be different from no-load voltage,
full particulars should be given;
c) Current, in amperes;
d) If required for 3-wire operation, full details of
requirements;
e) Speed, in revolutions per minute at no-load and
at rated load;
f-) Direction of rotation;
!3) Method of excitation, whether shunt, series,
compound or separately excited. If separately
excited, indicate excitation voltage.
NOTE — Unless otherwise specitied, the series winding
of a compound generator will be connected on the
negativeside of the armature.
h) When a dc generator is required to operate in
parallel with others, the following details of
existing machines should be given:
1) Voltage at no-load and-at rated load;
2) kW or current at rated load;
3) Resistance of series winding including
diverter, if any;
4) Diagram of connections;
5) Nominal response ratio of the excitec
and
6) Whether the exciter is required to
operate as a shunt machine on hand
control.
C-3 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR
DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR
When enquiring for and ordering a direct current
motor, the following particulars shall be supplied in
addition to the requirements of C-1:
a) Mechanical output, in kilowatts;
b) Rated voltage;
c) Speed, in revolutions per minute, at rated output;
d) Direction of rotation;
e) Method of excitation, whether shunt, series,
compound or separately excited. If separately
excited, indicate excitation voltage;

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IS 4722:2001

“
0 Breakaway torque required; and f) Direction of rotation of machine and phase
g) Any information regarding the driven machine sequence of supply;
which has a bearing upon the torque required /3) Method of starting to be employed;
during the accelerating period, the kinetic h) Breakaway torque required;
energy of the moving parts to be accelerated, j) Nature of the load and any information regard-
and the number of starts during a specific ing the driven machine which has a bearing
period. upon the torque required during the accelerat-
ing period, the kinetic energy of the moving ,’
C-4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR ac
parts to be accelerated, and the number of
GENERATOR
starts during a specified period;
When enquiring for and ordering an ac generator, the k) Any information having bearing on the use of
following particulars should be supplied in addition to the motor for supplying wattless current.
the requirements of C-1: Unless otherwise specified, the machine will
a) Frequency, in Hz; be designed for unity power factor at its rated
b) Number of phases and in the case polyphase mechanical output;
machines, the interconnection between the m) Whether the machine is to have its own exciter
phases, if any; driven through the motor shaft, or whether the
c) Electrical output, in kVA or MVA; excitation is to be obtained from a separate
d) Rated voltage; source; and
e) Power-factor, if other than 0.8; n) Excitation voltage, if the motor is not to be
f) Current, in amperes; provided with its own exciter.
g) Speed, in revolutions per minute, at no-load
and at rated load; C-6 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR
h) Direction of rotation; INDUCTION MOTOR OR ac COMMUTATOR
MOTOR
j) Whether the machine is to have its own exciter,
and if so, the methods of drive or whether the When enquiring for and ordering an induction motor,
excitation is to be obtained from a separate the following particulars should be supplied in
source; addition to the requirements of C-1:
k) Excitation voltage, if the generator is not to be
provided with its own exciteq a) Frequency, in Hz;
m) Conditions to be met in cases of parallel b) Number of phases;
operation; c) Mechanical output, in kilowatt;
n) Whether the neutral point is to be brought out d) Rated voltage;
to a terminal to deal with current in the neutral e) Speed in revolutions per minute, at the rated
line in normal service, and, if so, the magnitude output; .
of current in amperes to be carried; f) Direction of rotation;
P) Short-circuit ratio; and g) Rotor, whether squirrel cage or slipring;
q) Under excited MVAR. h) Type of slipring gear, whether continuously
NOTE — Similar information should be furnished for rated or for starting purposes only and whether
synchronouscondensers. to be fitted with brush lifting and/ or short-
circuiting arrangements and if inler-iocks are
C-5 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR
required;
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR OR
j) Method of starting to be employed;
SYNCHRONOUS INDUCTION MOTOR
k) Breakaway torque in terms of the rated load
When enquiring for and ordering a synchronous torque and the corresponding breakaway start-
motor, the following particulars should be supplied in ing current which may be taken from the
addition to the requirements of C-1: supply with the starting apparatus in circuit;
a) Frequency, in Hz; m) Nature of load and any information regarding
b) Number of phases and, in the case of polyphase the driven machine which has a bearing upon
machine, the interconnection between the the torque required during the acceleration
phases, if any; period, the kinetic energy of the moving parts
c) Mechanical output, in kilowatt; to be accelerated, and the number of starts
d) Rated voltage; during a specified period; and
e) Speed, in revolutions per minute; n) Where possible, fault capacity of the system to
which the motor is connected.

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This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. ET 15 ( 3059 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected ‘.

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