Name: Mary France L.

Malto Year/Section: BSED 3-English Date: 09/14/2020

PRE COMPETENCY: Using your previous knowledge or understanding, answer the
following questions:
1. What is the difference between reading / writing a short story and a news article?
ANSWER:
The difference between reading/ writing a short story and a news article is that, a short
story is written to entertain and educate. It sometimes follows certain rules of writing but
most writers can follow their own style of writing. On the other hand, a news article is
wholly written to inform and sometimes to trigger the person reading into making an
action beneficial to the one of the writer. In writing a news article we follow certain rules,
conventions, do’s and don’ts.
2. “Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day…. “ In the underline phrase, William
Shakespeare implies the fairness of his beloved. What kind of description does the author use?
ANSWER:
The author uses Impressionistic description, because the phrase above focuses attempts to
arouse emotion, it attempts to make us feel more than to make us see. It describes the
emotion of the writer towards a certain person.
3. Style in language is a term used to describe ______________________________?
ANSWER:
Style in language is a term used to describe how the author uses language in order to
create the mood and meaning of a text. This could include his or her word choice,
diction, syntax, repetition, any figurative language (such as metaphors, similes,
personification, apostrophe, metonymy, synecdoche). It is mainly referring to what
kind of language a writer is using and it is used in discussions of literature.

4. What is the oldest form of expression used in literature and communication as well?
ANSWER:
The oldest form of expression is oral literature or verbal communication. People during
ancient times communicate and expresses art orally. They are fond of storytelling and
their means of communication in order for them to express their thoughts and feelings is
by means of speech or by signs or gestures.
5. What stylistic device was used by William Shakespeare in his Sonnet 18, “Shall I Compare
Thee to a Summer’s Day….”?
ANSWER:
In William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18, he uses stylistics devices such as repetition,
assonance, alliteration and internal and end rhyme, the reader is certainly treated to a
range of device that creates texture, music and interest. Note the language of these lines:
rough, shake, too short, Sometimes, too hot, often, dimmed, declines, chance, changing,
untrimmed. Assonance and repetition. There are interesting combinations within each
line, which add to the texture and soundscape: Rough/buds, shake/May, hot/heaven,
eye/shines, often/gold/complexion, fair from fair, sometimes/declines,
chance/nature/changing, nature/course.
 HISTORY OF STYLISTICS

Ancient Greeks Russian American New

Formalism Prague School Criticism

Style is known in 1966- Roger Twentieth

ancient rhetoric as Fowler published a Shifted from century focus
"lexis" by the Greeks book he edited, formalism to on stuudying
and "elocutio" by the functionalism writings
called Essays on instead of
Romans Styles and writers
Language.

Foregrounding Nineteenth
Century literary
Ancient rhetoric is - developed by a
criticism focused
divided into five laws: Stylistics was Czech Scholar, Jan
on the writer.
influenced and Makarovsky, and
First Law -made by guided by was regarded as
generating and Russian actualization.
discovering textual Formalism and I.A Richards and
material . -coined by Garvin
its scholars; William Empson
Second Law- made by Roamn Jakobson, A process that focus on the texts
the use of that material Viktor Shklovsky deviates the themselves and
for ideal impact in any and Vladimir linguistc norm and how readers
circumstances. Propp. makes textual op were influenced
patterns that are by them
Third law-stylized the - Jakobson based on parallism,
textual material concentrated on (Practical
deviations or Criticism)
Forth and fifth law- Poetic function of repetition.
were made by language.
committing the -Propp on the
material to memory elements that Critics did not
and delivering it, if it constitute stories analyze text
Included the language that
was in the form of and the universal context in the
speech. and repetitive much, but, rather,
making of textual focused on the
Style was divided into elements that meaning which
exist within labguage of the
three types; high, began the era of text when they
middle and low. stories. modern stylistics. read them and
-Shklovsky on the afterward
defamiliarization depicted how
theory of they
literature and art comprehended
centuries. them and were
influenced by
them.

Faded in 1930s
and aappeared in
Prague school
under the name
structuralism