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Activity 2.3 Elementary Mathematical Logic

I. Given p and q, express the following compound propositions as a sentence:
p: 𝑛2 + 1 is an even number.
q: 𝑛 is an odd integer.

1. ~𝒑
2. ~𝒑 ∨ 𝒒
3. 𝒑 ∧ ~𝒒
4. 𝒒 → 𝒑
5. ~𝒑 ↔ ~𝒒

II. Complete the following truth table and supply necessary columns to create tautology,
contradiction, and logically equivalent propositions.

𝒑 𝒒 𝒓 𝒑→𝒒 (𝒑 ∧ 𝒒) ⟷ 𝒓
T T T
T T F
T F T
T F F
F T T
F T F
F F T
F F F

III. Determine the truth value of each of these statements if the domain consists of all integers.
State your reason.

1. ∀𝑥, (𝑥2 > 𝑥)

𝑦
2. ∃𝑦, (𝑦 < − 1)
2
3. ∀𝑦, (𝑦2 ≠ 𝑦)
4. ∃𝑥, 𝑦, (4𝑥 > 5𝑦) where 𝑥 < 𝑦
5. ∀𝑥, 𝑦, (𝑥𝑦 > 0) where 𝑥 = 𝑦