Professional Documents
Culture Documents
the Government
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ABSTRACT
by the Government
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A financial aid is an amount of money offered by an institution to individuals to support
them. Mostly, students are the one who avail this kind of support because some of them are
lacking of money, so this assistance can ease their financial problem. The most common types of
financial aid is grant, loans, student employment program and scholarships, A grant is awarded
based on demonstrated financial need and do not need to be repaid. Loans are borrowed and
must be repaid once the student graduated from school. Student employment is offered by
federal or state funds that provide part-time employment for students who are enrolled.
Scholarships are awarded based on the academic accomplishments of the students but in return
the student must maintain his/her GPA. Scholarships do not need to be repaid. Financial aid can
come from a variety of sources. People can get a loan from a bank but it must be returned after
the student graduated from school. The largest source of financial aid comes from the
government. Financial aid helps the student throughout his/her college. But some financial aid is
not enough for some students and why do students seek for assistance?
This study used a descriptive method which is designed to depict the participant in an
accurate way to answer the Statement of the Problem and to fulfill the Research.
The conclusion of this study if there is a significant correlation between the adequacy of
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I would like to express my gratitude our adviser Ms. Eloiza M. Imbien for the never ending
support for me to finish my research, for her patience and tolerance and also her words of
encouragement. Thank you for the pressure you gave to me but in a good way because being
pressured makes me finish things. She is also my one of my inspirations to finish my research.
Second, I would like to thank my parents for giving me a financial support to finish my study, for
motivating me to finish my academics. I would like to thank them for the unconditional love and
Third, I would like to thank my friends for giving me some advice about doing research, for
giving support and making me happy in times of being stressed and haggard.
Fourth, I would like to express my gratitude to my closest friend Edgardo P. Sonio for pushing
me to finish my research, for the motivation, for saying that I can do this research, for giving me
Above all I thank God, without him I wouldn’t have done this research. To God be all the Glory.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page……………………………………………………………………………………1
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..2
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………….4
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………..5
CHAPTER I: Introduction………………………………………………………………..9
Theoretical Framework……………………………………………………12
Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………....13
Hypothesis…………………………………………………………….…….14
Definition of Terms...................................................................................…...14
Foreign Literature…………………………………………………….…...15
Local Literature…………………………………………………….….….16
Foreign Study………………………………………………………..…….16
5
Local Study……………………………………………………………….17
Synthesis………………………………………….………………………18
Research Design……………………………………………….…….19
Statistical Treatment…………………………………………..…...19
Percentage Distribution……………………………………..…….19
Weighted Mean………………………………………………...…...20
Random Sampling……………………………………………........21
Summary……………………………………………………...……29
Conclusion………………………………………………….…...….30
Recommendation………………………………………….….....…30
Bibliography……………………………………………………………….…....…31
Appendix…………………………………………………………….………...……32
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Letter of Request…………………………………………………32
Questionnaire…………………………………………………….33
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………..….34
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AMA Computer College Caloocan
A Research Paper
Presented to
(Inquiry)
By:
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Mostly, students are the one who avail this kind of support because some of them are lacking of
money, so this assistance can ease their financial problem. The most common types of financial
aid is grant, loans, student employment program and scholarships, A grant is awarded based on
demonstrated financial need and do not need to be repaid. Loans are borrowed and must be
repaid once the student graduated from school. Student employment is offered by a federal or
state funds that provide part-time employment for students who are enrolled. Scholarships are
awarded based on the academic accomplishments of the students but in return the student must
maintain his/her GPA. Scholarships do not need to be repaid. Financial aid can come from a
variety of sources. People can get a loan from a bank but it must be returned after the student
graduated from school. The largest source of financial aid comes from the government. Financial
The main goal of this study is to know if the financial aid that is given by the government
to students is enough to get them through college and if it is easing their financial expenses.
The purpose of this study is to know if the students are getting enough financial help or
The people involved in this study are the students, parents, government officials, and the
future researchers. Students because they are the one who are receiving financial aid. Parents
because they are the one who help their children. Government officials because they are the one
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who gives the financial aid to students. Future researchers because they can use this study to help
Students: They can get information about financial aid and how does it work and how to earn it.
They can also be aware that are institutions who are willing help to ease their financial problem.
Parents: In this research, parents can be persuaded to avail financial aid for their children and
convince them not to drop out of school because there are institutions who offers help
financially.
Government Officials: To give awareness about families that are lacking of money, so they can
Future Researchers: This research can give more information or idea to study more about
financial aids and they can also discover related topics about this research.
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Statement of the Problem
1.1 Name
1.2 Age
1.3 Gender
2. Does the students getting enough financial assistance to help them throughout their
school expenses?
The Scope of this study is the Age and Gender of the respondents. They should be a
student and studying in AMA Computer College Caloocan Campus. Questionnaires will use in
The Delimitation of this study is the Adequacy of Financial Aid. We all knew that students are
receiving financial aid from the government. This research is limited only to the students who
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Theoretical Framework
This study will be guided by Financial Aid in Theory and Practice. The current financial aid
system is broken in many respects. The most widely recognized flaw is that a convoluted
application and distribution system prevents those who need aid the most from getting it. As a
recent study from the Center for American Progress (Goldrick-Rab and Roksa 2008) noted, the
“primary difficulty with current federal financial aid policy is that it is poorly understood by
nearly all of its constituents.” This is indeed true, and reforms to address this issue are needed.
But I believe that there are problems that are much more fundamental in nature, and that these
problems lend considerable support to the view, as articulated by Ronstadt (2009), that “financial
aid has morphed into a ‘debt for diploma’ system that fosters ever-rising tuitions, fees, and room-
and-board charges.” Currently, financial aid programs look at what it costs to educate a student
(the per-student costs), and then devise methods for reducing the out-of-pocket expenditure for
students and their families. This largely consists of giving money directly to schools (state
appropriations) or giving money to students to give to schools (grants and student loans). These
programs should, in theory, be effective, but mounting evidence suggests that they are not. The
key to understanding why they are ineffective is to realize that “colleges and universities will
react to the incentives those policies create and not passively accept their consequences… There
is every reason to expect that both prices and financial aid practices would respond to such
incentives in ways that would lead to the colleges themselves capturing a significant fraction of
the revenues.”1 The failure to recognize this is the main flaw of the existing theory of financial
aid. Once this mistake is acknowledged, it becomes apparent that current financial aid practices
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Conceptual Framework
Conceptual Framework
Aid to Students given and to get result of the Aid to Students given
gathered
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework on the Adequacy of Financial Aid for Students given by
the Government
This paradigm illustrates that by finding data of A Study on The Adequacy of Financial Aid to
Students given by the Government. By conducting some question and providing paper
questionnaire, the researcher can now easily get the result of The Adequacy of Financial Aid to
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Hypothesis
There is a significant correlation on Adequacy of Financial Aid for Students given by the
Government.
Definition of Terms
Adequacy the state or quality of being adequate; sufficiency for a particular purpose
Federal from of government in which power is distributed between a central authority and a
Financial Aid money that is given or lent or students in order to help pay for their education
Grant also called “gift aid” because they are free money
Loan is money, property or other material goods that is given to another individual in exchange
for future repayment of the loan value amount along with interest or other finance charges
Merit the quality of being particularly good or worthy, especially so as to deserve praise or
reward
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Chapter II
Foreign Literature
According to Matthew Reed, many public and private colleges give out substantial amounts of
financial aid in excess of students' demonstrated financial need to attract the most talented
institutional quality. Since top students are in high demand, colleges may have to bid against
each other, raising the aid offered these students to levels well beyond their financial need. In the
past, some colleges cooperated on financial aid policies to restrain these "bidding wars" and free
According to Elena Mattana (2018), high school graduates do not enroll in higher education for
two main reasons: (1) the cost of college, both monetary – tuition fees, books, foregone earning –
and non- pecuniary, is higher than the expected returns; (2) the cost of college is lower than the
expected returns, but the potential student faces liquidity constraints that make it impossible for
him/her to cover the monetary cost. Hence financial aid can increase academic enrolment and
achievement by lowering the price of college and making in worthwhile for students who would
not have enrolled otherwise, lifting credit constraints for people who want to enroll but are not
As stated by Lane Coonrod, financial aid in American higher education has seen many changes
and has evolved into a very complicated process both as a result of accuracy of the measure of
ability to pay and the ethical issues that surround the distribution of money. The FAFSA (Federal
Application for Student Aid) is a document that all students must fill out if they intend to receive
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financial aid. The process can be so complex that it may deter students from ever applying for
Local Literature
According to Riza Halili (2014) though the funds for these scholarship programs and grants are
expended in the spirit of charity and altruism for the poor and deserving, they are nonetheless
from the government and thus, from the taxpayers’ pockets. This makes scholarship funds and
other subsidies no different from ordinary government procurement that should be expended in a
transparent, accountable and cost-efficient manner ensuring that every centavo is going where it
should.
Foreign Study
According to Amaury Nora and Fran Horvath, financial aid assistance has had any effect on
bringing about access and equity in higher education to minorities must be addressed from two
related, but distinct, research perspectives: 1. the impact of financial assistance on minority
enrollments in all sectors of higher education, and 2. the impact of financial assistance on
minority retention rates. Moreover, federal state, and institutional policy decisions regarding
financial assistance, whether they be to withdraw or increase future funds or to initiate specific
financial aid-related interventions, must be made on the basis of empirical evidence and, it is
Indians are among the most underrepresented and underserved groups in higher education. Fifty-
one out of every 100 American Indians graduate from high school. Of these 1, only 7 percent
will enroll in college and ultimately earn a bachelor's degree within six years. Some American-
Indian students fail to complete their studies for financial reasons. Financial aid--whether in the
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Form of grants, loans or student employment--is of critical importance for American Indians.
Funding is available from the federal government, state governments, tribal governments,
institutional scholarships, and private scholarships. Increasing college completion rates among
American Indians necessitates that students identify all potential sources of funding and have
According to Husaina Banu (2017) Student loans have been widely practiced in many developed
and developing countries to help finance tertiary education. Malaysia and China have advocated
student loans to support tertiary education. Such financial assistance helps to reduce the
economic burden of students. The objective of this study is to analyze the Malaysian and Chinese
student loans in terms of adequacy, equity, efficiency and related issues. Additionally, this study
identifies factors that determine adequacy of a student loan in Malaysia and China.
respectively. This study applied descriptive statistics and logistic regression to analyze the data.
The findings indicate that the amount of student loans offered should be increased. Both the
Malaysian and the Chinese government should concentrate on the equity, efficiency and related
issues of student loans. The results also show that nationality, the amount of tuition fees and
parental income are important determinants of student loans in Malaysia and China. It is hoped
that appropriate policy interventions can be undertaken by policy makers to ensure proper
Local Study
According to Denise V. Silfverberg and Aniceto C. Orbeta Jr. In 2012, the Students Grants-in-
Aid Program for Poverty Alleviation (SGP-PA) was implemented through the Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) Memorandum Order No. 09, Series of 2012. Implementers of the
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program are select SUCs, the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), and the
Department of Labor and Employment. The SGP-PA is a new initiative of the Philippine
government to provide poor but capable students with access to higher education. It aims to
increase the number of higher education graduates among poor households through direct
provision of financing for their education in selected SUCs. The SGP-PA has two important
features that make it different from other grants-in-aid programs: (1) it is well targeted to
identified poor households and (2) the grant is sufficient to cover all regular education expenses
Synthesis
This chapter tackles about the importance of financial aid to students. It is said that giving
and substantial amounts of financial aid can attract the most talented students. Raising the aid
offered to students can level well beyond their financial needs. It is also said that some high
school graduates do not enroll in college because of the cost of college is higher than the
expected amount. Hence, financial aid can increase academic enrolment and achievement by
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This research entitled The Adequacy of Financial Aid for Students given by the
Government will use a descriptive method which is designed to depict the participant in an
accurate way to answer the Statement of the Problem and to fulfill the Research.
Research Instrument
This research will conduct a survey questionnaire to get the data from the respondents.
The respondents will be one hundred (100) people. Random sampling will be used in this
study, The Adequacy of Financial Aid for Students given by the Government.
The one hundred (100) of my respondents will be the selected grade 12 students of AMA
Statistical Treatment
The researcher employed statistical tool to determine the assessment of the respondents on the
proposed factors and to help the researcher interpret the data in an unbiased manner.
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Percentage Distribution
The percentage distribution is a representation of statistical data. It showed how the result in
distributed percentage. To determine the frequency distribution in which the individual class
f
P=100
N
Where:
P = percentage
f = frequency of response
Weighted Mean
Weighted average is a mean calculated by giving values in a data set more influence according to
some attribute of the data. It is an average in which each quantity to be averaged is assigned a
weight, and these weightings determine the relative importance of each quantity on the average.
To determine the result of dividing the sum of the factors of each observed value, the number of
times it occurs, and this other factor by the total number of observations.
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f ( x 1 + x 2+... x n)
Mean ( ME )=
N
Where:
x 1 , x 2 , x n = numerical ratings
Random Sampling
n = N / (1 + Ne^2)
n = Number of samples
N = Total population
e = Error tolerance
Pearson
Correlation coefficients are used in statistics to measure how strong a relationship is between two
variables. There are several types of correlation coefficient: Pearson’s correlation (also called
out in statistics, you’ll probably learn about Pearson’s R first. In fact, when anyone refers
Formula:
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Data Gathering Procedure
First, the researcher conducted ten (10) questions and one hundred paper questionnaires to the
respondents. Second, the researcher did the survey in AMA Computer College Caloocan
Campus. Third, after the researcher did the survey, he proceeded to get the tally, then the
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Chapter IV
This chapter shows the presentation of results, analysis and interpretation of data
gathered by the researchers. All the questions stated in the statement of the problem were
This data gathered by the proponents determines how the personal information of the
respondents in the Adequacy of Financial Aid for students given by the Government.
Respondents
Students
Figure 1.1
This graph shows how many students answered the survey questionnaire. 100% of the
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1.2 Ages of the Respondents
Ages
2% 1%
8% 15%
16 years old
17 years old
18 years old
19 years old
20 years old
21 years old
40% 34%
This graph shows the ages of the respondents. Forty percent (40%) of the respondents are 18
years old. Thirty-four percent (34%) of the respondents are 17 years old. Fifteen percent (15%)
of the respondents are 16 years old. Eight percent (8%) of the respondents are 19 years old. Two
percent (2%) of the respondents are 20 years old. One percent (1%) of the respondents is 21
years old.
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1.3 Genders of the Respondents
Gender
Female
30% Male
70%
This graph shows the genders of the respondents. Seventy percent (70%) of the respondents are
Sub-problem no.2: Does the students getting enough financial assistance to help them
The proponents assess the data gathered on the survey questionnaire answered by
the respondents to identify if the students are getting enough financial assistance to help them
throughout their school expenses and the reason why they seek for assistance
financially.
The highest rank with a weighted mean of 4.11 they all said that they are always getting
enough financial support and the lowest rank with a weighted mean of 3.02 that the often buy
The highest rank with a weighted mean of 3.34 they all said that they always seek for
assistance to help their parents financially to get them through college and the lowest rank with a
weighted mean of 2.64 that the reason why they seek for assistance because sometimes their
4 3 2 1
1. 51% 28% 18% 3%
2. 28% 48% 22% 4%
3. 33% 43% 17% 7%
4. 36% 39% 21% 4%
5. 40% 31% 20% 9%
Table 1.1 Table of percentage for students who gets enough financial aid
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4 3 2 1
Table 1.2 Table of percentage for reasons why students seek assistance
Tabulation
Respon Value
dents
Enough There is
Financial Aid 100 16.26 significant
- correlation
1 0.114909266
Reason why on the Accept
student seek 100 14.92 adequacy
assistance of financial
aid
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Table 2 the Correlation of Adequacy of Financial Aid and the reason why students
This table shows that it has a Correlation between Adequacy of Financial Aid and the
Chapter V
This chapter presents the brief summary of findings based from the result gathering
through questionnaire from the conclusion arrived at the study served as a basis for
1. Does the students getting enough financial assistance to help them throughout their
school expenses?
This study aimed to determine the correlation between Adequacy of Financial Aid and
the reasons why students seek for assistance. Specifically, it sought to determine if there was a
significant relationship in adequacy of financial aid, reason why they seek for assistance and the
relationship between the demographic profile in financial aid and the reason why students seek
for assistance.
Using Random Sampling, the respondents were selected by on set criteria, a total of 100
composed of the financial aid they receive and the reason why they seek for it.
Conclusion
The researcher concludes if there is significant correlation on the adequacy of financial aid to
students given by the government. By analyzing and interpreting the data, the researchers
1. Most of the respondents (students from AMA Computer College Caloocan Campus) are
2. Most of the respondents (51%) are always getting enough financial support.
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3. Some respondents (28%) answered that the financial support they receive is easing their
4. Most of the respondents (48%) answered why they always seek for assistance is to help
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the findings of the study. The researcher recommended the following:
1. For the students who are receiving financial aid, try to save money. Try to lessen your
expenses on things that is not so important such as buying gadgets, clothes, shoes and
outings.
2. To the parents of the students, try to get some loan from banks and use it to start a small
business. By that, you can make more money and it will lessen your problem, financially.
Always motivate your children to study hard and give them words of encouragement.
3. To the government officials that gives the financial aid, try to conduct more survey about
families who are having a financial crisis. Try to offer works for the parents who doesn’t
have income and also give to students who wants to help their parents financially.
4. To the future researchers, study well and have an insight of the things that you want to
study. Deeper knowledge means deeper thoughts about things you want to study.
Bibliography (Online)
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30
https://www.iwu.edu/economics/PPE16/PPE2008-3.pdf?
fbclid=IwAR2sfFkft5vI4Z1VNCphgZ0y2KOlgRY4q5qlaRzH6M7RM3Y1t_Y2YQmYHr0
https://publications.nasfaa.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1078&context=jsfa&fbclid=IwAR3U5WQuFfzOjsDjO7TRAJKGYAyP68_oPa10_aJqIF
UkurfAb-UYzMKiJXk
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272775714000910?
fbclid=IwAR20tfuEUTlW_VHrzlg3lTeeErHBLu-AkH2lzuvaUK8K66SSi7Mp7FKudb0
https://eric.ed.gov/?
id=ED540079&fbclid=IwAR0ypb4Kbmtfope4YWYuwsH1kD2uY1OxJqELs5EdPQ8MUk2igu
PUyN00Iig
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:RIHE.0000010046.57597.43?
fbclid=IwAR2lS36FXHgcQQpYshMnmV5fIOgsU70b-S1IlUfHEZMtVoFEA8b5ZErQPf4
Dear Ma’am/Sir:
Greetings!
I would like to seek your assistance in providing the needed information and data for my
research entitled: “A Study on The Adequacy of Financial Aid to Students given by the
Government”.
In the view above may I request you to please accomplish the attached questionnaire.
Rest assured that the information I will get from you will be treated with outmost confidentiality.
Your effort and cooperation will surely benefit by the researcher and also the Senior High
School as a whole.
Respectfully yours,
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Age:
Gender:
II. Assessment of financial aid given to students and if they are getting enough help
financially.
4 3 2 1
n s
1. I am getting enough financial support
2. It ease my family expenses in terms of tuition
fee
3. It helps me to buy my desires
4. It lessen my academic expenses
5. It helps me save more money
4 3 2 1
s n
1. My family is having a hard time financially
2. My parents’ income is not enough to support my
academic expenses
3. To ease my family’s financial problem
4. To receive extra money and save it
5. To help my parents’ financially to get me through
college
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Ostaco, Charles Kyle D.
09557902968
4026149
charles_kyle26@yahoo.com
people.
• Versatile
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
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Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM)
Present
2014-2016
2009-2011
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Sex: Male
Height: 5'5
Weight: 50kg
Nationality: Filipino
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I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my
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