Lecture 3

GIS outputs
Model of the course
Using and
making maps
Navigating Map
GIS maps design

Interactive Map
Working with maps layouts Analyzing
spatial data Spatial data
Map
Animations Proximity
Spatial data analysis
infrastructure
Spatial Kernel Data
Geoprocessing File analysis density mining
geodatabases
3D GIS Network
analysis
Digitizing Geocoding
Spatial
regression
 Outline
 Map audiences
 Map layouts
 Reports and graphs
 Map scales
 Map animation
 ArcGIS Online
 Exporting maps

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 Lecture 3

MAP AUDIENCES

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 Two categories of audience
 General Public
 Purpose: communication or information look-up
 Frequency of use: low and irregular
 Geographic knowledge: general

 Trained Analyst
 Purpose: exploration – identification and
diagnosis of spatial patterns (problems)
 Frequency of use: high and regular
 Geographic knowledge: special

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 Map audiences
Map use: Exploration Presentation
Audience: Trained analyst General public

Purpose: Visual thinking Communication

Advantages: Graphical Believable

Granularity: Fine Coarse

Symbols: Abstract Mimetic

capital

railroad

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 Lecture 3

MAP LAYOUTS

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 Layout example 1
• Map – most
prominent element
• Map title and
subtitle
-what, where, and
when
• Legend
- no need to label it
Legend
• Data sources
• Date
- date data collected
• Map author
(optional)
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 Layout example 2
Graphic scale
-on large scale maps
North arrow
-not always
necessary
Neatline
-rectangular
boundary
Other elements
-Data sources
-Inset maps
-Data tables
-Charts
-Photographs

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 Layout Example 3
Multiple Maps

 Same:
 Sizes, positions
 Scales (map
and numeric)
 Projection

 Color ramps

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 Bad layout

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 Good layout

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 Lecture 3

REPORTS AND GRAPHS

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 Create a report
 Select records for a report

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 Add report to layout

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 Create a graph

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 Create a graph

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 Lecture 3

MAP SCALES

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 Map scales
 Map scale ratios
 Dimensionless
 Used with any linear measurement unit,
such as feet, meters, or miles
 Example, 1:24,000
 “Representative fraction”
 1 inch on the map is 24,000 inches on the
ground (or 2,000 feet)

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 Map scales

1:10,000 is large scale 1:100,000,000 is small scale

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 Scale 1:100,000

Scale

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 Scale 1:24,000

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 Scale 1:10,000

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 Map units
Feet or meters is
the map unit for
most local
government GIS
applications

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 Lecture 3

INTERACTIVE MAP

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Example: Decision support for
police
 Detection – scan entire jurisdiction for
problems/opportunities
 Where are there large numbers of burglaries? Large
increases in burglaries expected?
 Diagnosis – drill down to details for problem solving
• Analyze patterns of leading indicator crimes that are
predictive of future burglaries
 General elements of decision
support system
 Keep event-data layers (usually product or service
demand) up to date
 Provide enterprise-level choropleth maps for
product/service demand level and change for
detection and forecasting
 Provide large-scale map layers with individual
demand points for diagnosis
 Uses visible scale range to turn detailed layers on when
zoomed in

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Detection: high burglary levels
Detection: large changes in burglaries
Diagnosis: drill down to current
burglary and leading indicator crimes
 Lecture 3

MAP ANIMATION

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 Create animation
 Crimes over time
 Set time properties

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 Animation properties
 Time slider window and options

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 Play animation

 CAD Calls Context shows recent historical crime points

 CAD Calls shows current crime points
 Combination of two layers shows emerging, persisting, and
extinguishing spatial crime clusters

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Lecture 3

ARCGIS ONLINE

35
 ArcServer software for online maps

 Organization must have own server

and computer programmers
 Expensive to install and maintain
 See demos at
http://www.esri.com/apps/showcase/index.cfm?f
a=showcase&StartRow=126&Tech=ArcGIS

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 ArcGIS Online
 Web service hosted by Esri on Esri servers
www.arcgis.com
 Versions
 Free for individuals using standard interface
 Subscription web service for organizations
 Allows customization of “look” and structure

 Can imbed into organization web site

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 Process for individuals
1. Get free accounts at Esri
2. Create local map layers in ArcGIS Desktop and
upload to ArcGIS Online for use in your online maps
3. Author and provide access to map compositions
in ArcGIS Online using your local and ArcGIS
Online map layers
4. Upload layer packages (file with data and
symbolization) from ArcGIS Desktop to your ArcGIS
Online account (up to 2GB) for sharing with others

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 Sample ArcGIS Online individual map

 Viewed in browser over the Internet

 Uses Schools and Neighborhoods created in ArcGIS Desktop
 Uses basemap with topography and roads from ArcGIS Online
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 Lecture 3

EXPORTING MAPS

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 Outputs
 Raster
 .BMP, .TIF, .JPG
 Size/Resolution
 Color options

 Vector
 Enhanced Metafile (.emf),
 Encapsulated PostScript (.eps)
 Adobe Illustrator (.ai)
 Layer packages (.lpk)
 .DXF or .DWG

 Web
 .JPG, .PDF 41
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 Export map
 Data or Layout view

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 Image file

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 PDF document

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 Word or PowerPoint
 Copy and paste individual map
elements

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 Summary
 Map audiences
 Map layouts
 Map scales
 Map animation
 ArcGIS Online
 Exporting maps

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