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Job Title
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C028, C029, C030, C031 T1 C13

General column design by PROKON. (GenCol Ver W3.1.04 - 13 May 2019)

Design code : Eurocode 2 - 2004

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004
General design parameters: 1000
Given:
l = 2.625 m
fck = 28 MPa 750
fy = 500 MPa
Ac = 316079 mm² 500
Assumptions:
X X
(1) The general conditions of clause 5.8.8.2 are applicable. 250
(2) The specified design axial loads include
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant 0
over the height of the column.
-250

250

500
Y
Design approach:
The column is designed using the following procedure:
(1) The column design charts are constructed.
(2) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(3) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(4) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
(5) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis

Through inspection:
Load case 55 is critical.

Check column slenderness:

End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
The column is braced.

Effective length factor ß = 0.75

Effective column height:

lo = ß . l
= .75 ×2.625
= 1.969 m

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

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le
max_sl =
r
1.9688
=
.11502
= 17.117

Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity:
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminx =
2
.005 ×1.9688
=
2
= 0.0049 m

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminy =
2
.005 ×1.9688
=
2
= 0.0049 m

Use emin = 20mm 6.1 (4)

Mminx = eminx. N
= .02 ×1 230.2
= 24.604 kNm

Check if the column is slender: 5.8.3.1

Ned = 1230.2 kN
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acc. f ck
f cd =
1.50
1 ×28
=
1.50
= 18.667 MPa

fy
f yd =
1.15
500
=
1.15
= 434.783 MPa

5.5.3.1 (1)

Ned
n=
Ac. f cd
1230×103
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.2085

Check slenderness 5.8.3.1 (1)

A = 0.7

5.8.8.3 (3)

As . f yd
w=
Ac. f cd
3 920.7 ×434.78
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.2889

5.8.3.1 (1)

B = 1 + 2. w
= 1 + 2 ×.28892
= 1.256

Larger end moment

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M02 = 326.4 kNm

Smaller end moment

M01 = 61.5 kNm

5.8.3.1 (1)

M01
rm =
M02
61.531
=
326.39
= 0.1885

5.8.3.1 (1)

C = 1.7 - rm
= 1.7 - -.18852
= 1.889

5.8.3.1 (1)

20 . A . B . C
llim =
n
20 ×.7 ×1.2561 ×1.8885
=
.2085
= 72.730

l = 17.12 < 72.73

\ The column is short.

Initial moments:
The column is bent in single curvature about the X-X axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 36.9 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 301.8 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

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Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×-36.861 + 0.6 ×- 301.79
= - 166.3296 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×- 301.79
= - 120.7160 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = -195.8 kNm

The column is bent in double curvature about the Y-Y axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = -0.1 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 2.2 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

Mi = 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= 0.4 ×-.0829 + 0.6 ×2.2048
= 1.290 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×2.2048
= 0.8819 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = 1.3 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 1230.2 kN

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

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Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Mx=326.4 kNm
Mxtop=-301.8 kNm Mx-imperf+Madd=24.6 kNm

+ =

Mxbot=36.9 kNm

Initial Additional Design

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

My=3.7 kNm
Mytop=-0.1 kNm My-imperf+Madd=0.0 kNm

+ =

Mybot=-2.2 kNm

Initial Additional Design

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Design of column section for ULS:

The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies at the top end of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 55 lies at an angle of 180.02° to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 55 is 2.81

For bending about the design axis:

Interaction Diagram
8000

Moment max = 959.7kNm @ 2839kN

7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
Axial load (kN)

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500 1230 kN
1000
-1000

1000
1100
-900
-800
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0.00
100
200

326 kNm 300

400
500
600
700
800
900
500

-500
-1000
-1500
Bending moment (kNm)

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:

The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction

At the top, Mx = 326.4 kNm

Near mid-height, Mx = 220.4 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 61.5 kNm
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Stresses at the top end of the column for the critical load case 55

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004
1000

180.0° 750

180.0°
500
M
X
D D
M
X
250

-250
250

500

Y
0

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:

Moments and Reinforcement for LC 55:

Top Middle Bottom
Madd-x (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Madd-y (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mx (kNm) -326.4 -220.4 61.4
My (kNm) -0.1 1.5 -3.7
M-imperf (kNm) 15.6 15.6 15.6
M-design (kNm) 326.4 220.4 61.5
Design axis (°) 180.02 179.62 176.58
Safety factor 2.81 3.62 5.33
Asc (mm²) 3921 3921 3921
Percentage 1.23 % 1.23 % 1.23 %
AsNom (mm²) 632 632 632
Critical load case: LC 55

Design results for all load cases:

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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 1 X-X -74.9 -227.2 -166.3 0.0 242.7

Y-Y 773.4 -9.1 -11.0 -10.3 0.0 Top 11.8 242.9 3.909

Load case 2 X-X 17.7 -170.1 -95.0 0.0 182.0

Y-Y 595.7 -7.9 33.7 17.0 0.0 Top 44.2 182.2 5.183

Load case 3 X-X -117.9 -135.9 -128.7 0.0 143.9

Y-Y 405.8 -22.7 -56.6 -43.1 0.0 Bottom 60.1 138.9 6.163

Load case 4 X-X -126.2 -130.6 -128.8 0.0 139.0

Y-Y 421.2 -16.3 -16.8 -16.6 0.0 Top 17.9 140.1 6.746

Load case 5 X-X 25.9 -175.4 -94.9 0.0 187.0

Y-Y 580.3 -6.6 -13.8 -10.9 0.0 Top 14.7 187.6 5.066

Load case 6 X-X -55.9 -149.3 -112.0 0.0 159.5

Y-Y 511.6 -11.2 16.7 6.7 0.0 Top 19.7 160.0 5.909

Load case 7 X-X 50.6 -180.7 -88.2 0.0 193.1

Y-Y 622.9 -9.1 23.5 10.5 0.0 Top 28.8 193.4 4.896

Load case 8 X-X -44.3 -156.7 -111.8 0.0 166.5

Y-Y 490.0 -19.4 -39.7 -31.6 0.0 Top 46.2 167.7 5.650

Load case 9 X-X -125.4 -150.8 -140.6 0.0 158.1

Y-Y 378.6 -21.5 -46.5 -36.5 0.0 Bottom 48.7 165.4 5.382

Load case 10 X-X -11.4 -235.2 -145.7 0.0 251.8

Y-Y 831.6 -4.8 31.3 16.9 0.0 Top 46.9 251.9 3.755

Load case 11 X-X -133.5 -204.4 -176.0 0.0 217.5

Y-Y 660.7 -18.1 -50.0 -37.2 0.0 Top 54.6 218.4 4.356

Load case 12 X-X -140.9 -199.6 -176.1 0.0 213.1

Y-Y 674.6 -12.8 -13.7 -13.4 0.0 Top 15.0 213.5 4.441

Load case 13 X-X -4.0 -240.0 -145.6 0.0 256.3

Y-Y 817.8 -5.0 -10.1 -8.0 0.0 Top 17.7 256.5 3.701

Load case 14 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 15 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 16 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 17 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 18 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 19 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 20 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 21 X-X -55.5 -168.5 -123.3 0.0 179.8

Y-Y 567.9 -10.8 -14.0 -12.7 0.0 Top 14.9 180.5 5.245

Load case 22 X-X -118.6 -289.7 -221.3 0.0 312.5

Y-Y 1138.8 -6.4 -7.3 -6.9 0.0 Top 7.8 312.6 2.955

Load case 23 X-X -14.6 -200.3 -126.0 0.0 217.5

Y-Y 860.3 1.1 40.2 24.5 0.0 Top 56.3 217.6 4.159

Load case 24 X-X -133.4 -171.6 -156.3 0.0 187.0

Y-Y 768.2 -8.6 -46.6 -31.4 0.0 Top 51.6 187.2 4.764

Load case 25 X-X -159.3 -164.1 -162.1 0.0 178.6

Y-Y 728.4 -5.6 -8.3 -7.2 0.0 Top 9.1 178.7 5.009
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 26 X-X 11.3 -207.9 -120.2 0.0 225.9

Y-Y 900.1 -1.9 1.9 0.8 0.0 Top 4.9 225.9 3.997

Load case 27 X-X -92.1 -180.7 -145.3 0.0 196.4

Y-Y 786.4 -1.7 23.6 13.5 0.0 Top 27.5 196.4 4.588

Load case 28 X-X 27.3 -211.4 -115.9 0.0 229.5

Y-Y 906.5 1.0 30.7 18.8 0.0 Top 44.3 229.5 3.943

Load case 29 X-X -55.8 -191.3 -137.1 0.0 208.1

Y-Y 842.1 -5.9 -30.0 -20.3 0.0 Top 37.9 208.2 4.310

Load case 30 X-X -160.6 -175.2 -169.4 0.0 189.4

Y-Y 722.0 -8.5 -37.1 -25.7 0.0 Bottom 40.1 193.6 4.623

Load case 31 X-X -60.7 -292.3 -199.6 0.0 315.2

Y-Y 1147.8 -2.5 32.9 18.8 0.0 Top 43.9 315.3 2.932

Load case 32 X-X -167.6 -266.4 -226.9 0.0 287.7

Y-Y 1065.0 -11.3 -45.1 -31.6 0.0 Top 50.6 288.0 3.190

Load case 33 X-X -190.9 -259.6 -232.1 0.0 280.2

Y-Y 1029.1 -8.6 -10.7 -9.8 0.0 Top 11.8 280.4 3.286

Load case 34 X-X -37.4 -299.1 -194.4 0.0 322.7

Y-Y 1183.6 -1.5 -5.2 -3.7 0.0 Top 5.6 322.8 2.855

Load case 35 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 36 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 37 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 38 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 39 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 40 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 41 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 42 X-X -83.5 -207.7 -158.1 0.0 225.2

Y-Y 872.4 -4.0 -4.5 -4.3 0.0 Top 4.9 225.2 4.036

Load case 43 X-X -128.5 -295.1 -228.5 0.0 318.6

Y-Y 1175.3 -1.7 -2.4 -2.2 0.0 Top 2.9 318.6 2.892

Load case 44 X-X -29.9 -200.6 -132.3 0.0 218.3

Y-Y 883.2 3.4 41.8 26.4 0.0 Top 56.2 218.3 4.111

Load case 45 X-X -129.8 -176.2 -157.6 0.0 192.3

Y-Y 804.7 -5.7 -44.4 -28.9 0.0 Top 49.7 192.4 4.615

Load case 46 X-X -169.1 -176.2 -173.4 0.0 191.2

Y-Y 746.1 -2.9 -6.4 -5.0 0.0 Bottom 6.9 191.3 4.736

Load case 47 X-X 16.6 -207.7 -118.0 0.0 226.5

Y-Y 941.8 0.6 3.7 2.5 0.0 Top 7.9 226.5 3.934

Load case 48 X-X -112.4 -183.5 -155.0 0.0 199.5

Y-Y 802.9 0.8 25.3 15.5 0.0 Top 28.9 199.5 4.512

Load case 49 X-X 22.6 -210.4 -117.2 0.0 229.2

Y-Y 939.9 3.3 32.4 20.8 0.0 Top 47.8 229.2 3.901

Load case 50 X-X -47.3 -193.3 -134.9 0.0 211.0

Y-Y 884.9 -3.1 -28.0 -18.0 0.0 Top 37.0 211.0 4.208
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 51 X-X -166.4 -182.3 -175.9 0.0 197.0

Y-Y 748.0 -5.6 -35.0 -23.2 0.0 Bottom 37.9 200.6 4.477

Load case 52 X-X -78.7 -295.4 -208.7 0.0 319.0

Y-Y 1177.4 2.4 36.5 22.8 0.0 Top 46.4 319.0 2.888

Load case 53 X-X -168.6 -273.5 -231.5 0.0 295.6

Y-Y 1106.8 -5.8 -41.1 -27.0 0.0 Top 46.4 295.7 3.101

Load case 54 X-X -210.4 -267.1 -244.4 0.0 288.2

Y-Y 1054.1 -3.3 -6.9 -5.4 0.0 Top 7.6 288.2 3.205

Load case 55 X-X -36.9 -301.8 -195.8 0.0 326.4

Y-Y 1230.2 -0.1 2.2 1.3 0.0 Top 3.7 326.4 2.807

Load case 56 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 57 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 58 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 59 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 60 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 61 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 62 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 63 X-X -90.3 -210.8 -162.6 0.0 228.9

Y-Y 904.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 Top 2.0 228.9 3.952

Load case 64 X-X -116.2 -263.4 -204.5 0.0 283.4

Y-Y 1003.2 17.5 26.0 22.6 0.0 Top 28.0 284.8 3.243

Load case 65 X-X -32.1 -179.0 -120.2 0.0 193.5

Y-Y 733.5 22.5 55.5 42.3 0.0 Top 68.2 195.1 4.644

Load case 66 X-X -113.9 -160.2 -141.7 0.0 174.6

Y-Y 718.4 10.2 -33.0 -15.7 0.0 Top 37.0 174.9 5.096

Load case 67 X-X -150.6 -179.1 -167.7 0.0 191.8

Y-Y 635.6 5.8 14.0 10.8 0.0 Bottom 15.2 191.9 4.912

Load case 68 X-X 33.1 -188.6 -99.9 0.0 204.9

Y-Y 816.3 16.7 18.7 17.9 0.0 Top 24.1 205.9 4.354

Load case 69 X-X -118.7 -162.9 -145.2 0.0 176.2

Y-Y 668.0 19.1 38.4 30.7 0.0 Top 42.6 177.4 5.109

Load case 70 X-X 29.9 -189.5 -101.7 0.0 205.3

Y-Y 794.5 22.3 46.1 36.6 0.0 Top 59.4 206.7 4.363

Load case 71 X-X -27.4 -176.4 -116.8 0.0 192.0

Y-Y 783.9 13.7 -15.9 -6.4 0.0 Top 23.8 192.6 4.635

Load case 72 X-X -149.8 -175.9 -165.5 0.0 189.0

Y-Y 657.4 10.4 -23.6 -10.0 0.0 Bottom 25.3 190.6 4.838

Load case 73 X-X -75.1 -262.5 -187.5 0.0 282.0

Y-Y 982.3 30.6 56.7 46.3 0.0 Top 68.5 283.9 3.256

Load case 74 X-X -148.7 -245.6 -206.9 0.0 264.9

Y-Y 968.6 19.5 -23.0 -9.2 0.0 Top 26.0 265.8 3.456

Load case 75 X-X -207.4 -236.9 -225.1 0.0 254.7

Y-Y 894.1 12.0 23.0 18.6 0.0 Top 24.7 255.9 3.615
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 76 X-X -16.4 -271.1 -169.2 0.0 292.2

Y-Y 1056.8 21.8 27.2 25.0 0.0 Top 38.6 293.6 3.125

Load case 77 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 78 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 79 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 80 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 81 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 82 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 83 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 84 X-X -82.3 -189.4 -146.5 0.0 204.8

THDD4 Min Y-Y 778.2 12.4 18.3 15.9 0.0 Top 19.8 205.8 4.414

Load case 55 is critical.

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C028, C029, C030, C031 T LUNG C13

General column design by PROKON. (GenCol Ver W3.1.04 - 13 May 2019)

Design code : Eurocode 2 - 2004

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004
General design parameters: 1000
Given:
l = 2.975 m
fck = 28 MPa 750
fy = 500 MPa
Ac = 316079 mm² 500
Assumptions:
X X
(1) The general conditions of clause 5.8.8.2 are applicable. 250
(2) The specified design axial loads include
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant 0
over the height of the column.
-250

250

500
Y
Design approach:
The column is designed using the following procedure:
(1) The column design charts are constructed.
(2) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(3) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(4) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
(5) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis

Through inspection:
Load case 54 is critical.

Check column slenderness:

End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
The column is braced.

Effective length factor ß = 0.75

Effective column height:

lo = ß . l
= .75 ×2.975
= 2.231 m

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

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le
max_sl =
r
2.2313
=
.11502
= 19.399

Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity:
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminx =
2
.005 ×2.2313
=
2
= 0.0056 m

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminy =
2
.005 ×2.2313
=
2
= 0.0056 m

Use emin = 20mm 6.1 (4)

Mminx = eminx. N
= .02 ×375.12
= 7.502 kNm

Check if the column is slender: 5.8.3.1

Ned = 375.1 kN
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acc. f ck
f cd =
1.50
1 ×28
=
1.50
= 18.667 MPa

fy
f yd =
1.15
500
=
1.15
= 434.783 MPa

5.5.3.1 (1)

Ned
n=
Ac. f cd
375119
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.0636

Check slenderness 5.8.3.1 (1)

A = 0.7

5.8.8.3 (3)

As . f yd
w=
Ac. f cd
3 920.7 ×434.78
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.2889

5.8.3.1 (1)

B = 1 + 2. w
= 1 + 2 ×.28892
= 1.256

Larger end moment

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M02 = 384.7 kNm

Smaller end moment

M01 = 36.0 kNm

5.8.3.1 (1)

M01
rm =
M02
36.033
=
384.75
= 0.0937

5.8.3.1 (1)

C = 1.7 - rm
= 1.7 - -.09365
= 1.794

5.8.3.1 (1)

20 . A . B . C
llim =
n
20 ×.7 ×1.2561 ×1.7937
=
.06358
= 125.096

l = 19.40 < 125.10

\ The column is short.

Initial moments:
The column is bent in double curvature about the X-X axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = -27.2 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 377.1 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

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Mi = 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= 0.4 ×27.164 + 0.6 ×- 377.15
= - 215.4244 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×- 377.15
= - 150.8600 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = -215.4 kNm

The column is bent in single curvature about the Y-Y axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 8.6 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 8.7 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×-8.6114 + 0.6 ×-8.7227
= -1.7891 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×-8.7227
= -3.4891 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = -8.7 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 375.1 kN

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

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Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Mx=384.6 kNm
Mxtop=27.2 kNm Mx-imperf+Madd=7.5 kNm

+ =

Mxbot=377.1 kNm

Initial Additional Design

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

My=11.0 kNm
Mytop=-8.7 kNm My-imperf+Madd=0.2 kNm

+ =

Mybot=8.6 kNm

Initial Additional Design

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Design of column section for ULS:

The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies at the bottom end of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 54 lies at an angle of 181.31° to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 54 is 1.99

For bending about the design axis:

Interaction Diagram
8000

Moment max = 958.6kNm @ 2836kN

7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
Axial load (kN)

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
-1000

1000
1100
-900
-800
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0.00
100
200
300
385 kNm 400

500
600
700
800
900
500 375 kN

-500
-1000
-1500
Bending moment (kNm)

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:

The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction

At the top, Mx = 36.0 kNm

Near mid-height, Mx = 223.1 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 384.7 kNm
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Stresses at the bottom end of the column for the critical load case 54

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004
1000

181.3° 750

181.3°
500
X
M
D M
D
X
250

-250
250

500

Y
0

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:

Moments and Reinforcement for LC 54:

Top Middle Bottom
Madd-x (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Madd-y (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mx (kNm) 34.3 -222.9 384.6
My (kNm) -11.0 -9.0 8.8
M-imperf (kNm) 5.7 5.7 5.7
M-design (kNm) 36.0 223.1 384.7
Design axis (°) 342.20 182.31 181.31
Safety factor 15.22 3.95 1.99
Asc (mm²) 3921 3921 3921
Percentage 1.23 % 1.23 % 1.23 %
AsNom (mm²) 632 632 632
Critical load case: LC 54

Design results for all load cases:

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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 1 X-X 29.3 -186.7 -100.3 0.0 187.5

Y-Y 40.4 -4.7 13.5 6.2 0.0 Bottom 13.8 187.6 3.329

Load case 2 X-X -46.7 58.0 23.2 0.0 59.7

Y-Y 116.7 54.7 84.2 72.4 0.0 Bottom 86.3 98.6 4.574

Load case 3 X-X -24.4 -209.6 -135.5 0.0 209.7

Y-Y 3.0 -33.4 -105.6 -76.8 0.0 Bottom 105.7 234.8 2.271

Load case 4 X-X 20.4 -235.0 -132.9 0.0 235.1

Y-Y 5.7 9.8 -10.7 -4.3 0.0 Bottom 10.7 235.4 2.523

Load case 5 X-X 13.2 -21.3 -8.5 0.0 23.2

Y-Y 107.9 -10.7 11.4 4.6 0.0 Bottom 12.8 26.0 31.398

Load case 6 X-X 48.1 -145.9 -68.3 0.0 147.1

Y-Y 62.9 40.9 55.7 49.8 0.0 Bottom 56.2 157.5 3.873

Load case 7 X-X 3.7 43.1 27.3 0.0 45.0

Y-Y 134.5 42.0 55.7 50.2 0.0 Bottom 58.4 58.6 7.132

Load case 8 X-X -14.6 -110.4 -72.1 0.0 111.2

Y-Y 50.7 -19.7 -77.2 -54.2 0.0 Bottom 77.7 135.7 4.021

Load case 9 X-X -9.5 -260.0 -159.8 0.0 260.4

Y-Y 20.9 -20.8 -77.2 -54.6 0.0 Bottom 77.3 271.6 2.130

Load case 10 X-X 65.1 -107.5 -43.0 0.0 109.1

Y-Y 95.9 52.9 80.1 69.2 0.0 Bottom 81.3 136.0 4.218

Load case 11 X-X -9.0 -254.2 -156.1 0.0 254.4

Y-Y 11.9 -26.4 -90.7 -65.0 0.0 Bottom 90.8 270.1 2.080

Load case 12 X-X 31.3 -277.0 -153.7 0.0 277.1

Y-Y 4.0 -5.3 12.5 5.4 0.0 Bottom 12.5 277.2 2.136

Load case 13 X-X 24.8 -84.7 -40.9 0.0 86.4

Y-Y 88.0 -5.3 13.9 6.2 0.0 Bottom 14.8 86.6 8.882

Load case 14 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 15 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 16 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 17 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 18 X-X 19.9 -140.6 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 19 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 20 X-X 19.9 -140.6 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 21 X-X 19.9 -140.5 -76.4 0.0 141.8

Y-Y 60.5 9.7 -10.1 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 10.3 142.1 4.652

Load case 22 X-X 35.0 -268.4 -147.0 0.0 276.9

Y-Y 427.7 0.3 -9.3 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 9.6 277.1 3.118

Load case 23 X-X 58.9 -97.8 -39.1 0.0 103.3

Y-Y 359.7 37.2 82.9 64.6 0.0 Bottom 87.6 135.4 5.325

Load case 24 X-X -16.6 -244.7 -153.5 0.0 250.6

Y-Y 312.2 -36.1 -90.9 -69.0 0.0 Bottom 93.1 267.3 2.752

Load case 25 X-X 19.9 -280.9 -160.6 0.0 286.6

Y-Y 282.3 -1.0 -4.9 -3.4 0.0 Bottom 5.0 286.6 2.673
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 26 X-X 22.4 -61.6 -28.0 0.0 69.4

Y-Y 389.6 2.1 -3.1 -1.2 0.0 Bottom 3.4 69.5 11.467

Load case 27 X-X 46.6 -196.6 -99.3 0.0 202.7

Y-Y 315.0 25.1 56.2 43.8 0.0 Bottom 57.9 210.8 3.844

Load case 28 X-X -43.1 48.4 19.4 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 390.1 27.3 57.5 45.4 0.0 Bottom 63.7 79.7 7.754

Load case 29 X-X -4.4 -145.9 -89.3 0.0 152.5

Y-Y 356.9 -24.0 -64.2 -48.1 0.0 Bottom 67.1 166.6 5.014

Load case 30 X-X -6.1 -299.4 -182.1 0.0 305.0

Y-Y 281.8 -26.2 -65.5 -49.8 0.0 Bottom 66.7 312.2 2.335

Load case 31 X-X 67.6 -192.5 -88.5 0.0 200.8

Y-Y 439.9 33.3 69.4 55.0 0.0 Bottom 72.4 213.5 4.008

Load case 32 X-X -0.3 -324.7 -195.0 0.0 332.4

Y-Y 397.2 -32.7 -87.0 -65.3 0.0 Bottom 89.1 344.1 2.217

Load case 33 X-X 32.5 -357.3 -201.4 0.0 364.7

Y-Y 370.3 -1.1 -9.6 -6.2 0.0 Bottom 9.8 364.9 2.109

Load case 34 X-X 34.8 -160.0 -82.1 0.0 169.3

Y-Y 466.8 1.7 -7.9 -4.1 0.0 Bottom 8.4 169.5 5.629

Load case 35 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 36 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 37 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 38 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 39 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 40 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 41 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 42 X-X 24.0 -192.2 -105.7 0.0 199.0

Y-Y 343.5 0.2 -5.5 -3.2 0.0 Bottom 5.7 199.1 4.450

Load case 43 X-X 24.5 -289.7 -164.1 0.0 298.6

Y-Y 441.2 -7.6 -8.2 -8.0 0.0 Bottom 10.3 298.7 2.854

Load case 44 X-X 42.7 -123.2 -56.8 0.0 129.4

Y-Y 374.7 30.4 80.9 60.7 0.0 Bottom 85.0 154.8 5.016

Load case 45 X-X -20.5 -248.1 -157.1 0.0 254.4

Y-Y 332.6 -40.3 -90.3 -70.3 0.0 Bottom 92.6 270.7 2.760

Load case 46 X-X 15.6 -294.3 -170.4 0.0 300.1

Y-Y 289.9 -5.5 -6.5 -6.1 0.0 Bottom 8.7 300.2 2.542

Load case 47 X-X 6.6 -77.0 -43.5 0.0 85.3

Y-Y 417.4 -3.5 -3.9 -3.7 0.0 Bottom 7.3 85.4 9.862

Load case 48 X-X 36.4 -218.0 -116.2 0.0 224.3

Y-Y 323.8 18.7 54.6 40.3 0.0 Bottom 56.2 231.2 3.480

Load case 49 X-X 30.1 -65.8 -27.5 0.0 72.1

Y-Y 413.0 20.8 55.8 41.8 0.0 Bottom 61.1 94.5 7.649

Load case 50 X-X -14.1 -153.3 -97.6 0.0 160.4

Y-Y 383.6 -28.7 -64.1 -49.9 0.0 Bottom 67.1 173.8 4.879
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 51 X-X -7.9 -305.5 -186.4 0.0 311.2

Y-Y 294.3 -30.8 -65.2 -51.4 0.0 Bottom 66.4 318.2 2.307

Load case 52 X-X 51.6 -223.1 -113.2 0.0 231.7

Y-Y 451.4 24.4 69.2 51.3 0.0 Bottom 71.8 242.6 3.517

Load case 53 X-X -5.3 -335.6 -203.5 0.0 343.6

Y-Y 413.5 -39.2 -84.9 -66.6 0.0 Bottom 87.0 354.4 2.168

Load case 54 X-X 27.2 -377.1 -215.4 0.0 384.6

Y-Y 375.1 -8.6 -8.7 -8.7 0.0 Bottom 11.0 384.7 1.988

Load case 55 X-X 19.1 -181.5 -101.3 0.0 191.3

Y-Y 489.8 -6.0 -7.2 -6.7 0.0 Bottom 8.9 191.5 4.969

Load case 56 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 57 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 58 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 59 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 60 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 61 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 62 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 63 X-X 13.9 -208.0 -119.2 0.0 215.2

Y-Y 361.2 -5.3 -5.6 -5.5 0.0 Bottom 7.9 215.3 4.093

Load case 64 X-X 34.9 -252.8 -137.7 0.0 259.6

Y-Y 342.4 -14.4 19.8 7.9 0.0 Bottom 20.3 260.4 3.149

Load case 65 X-X 46.4 -109.6 -47.2 0.0 113.7

Y-Y 280.7 32.8 105.1 76.1 0.0 Bottom 109.0 157.5 4.014

Load case 66 X-X -4.8 -214.6 -130.7 0.0 219.9

Y-Y 280.5 -52.3 -79.8 -68.8 0.0 Bottom 81.8 234.6 3.160

Load case 67 X-X 11.6 -278.5 -162.5 0.0 283.0

Y-Y 225.1 11.1 -11.4 -4.6 0.0 Bottom 14.6 283.2 2.581

Load case 68 X-X 29.9 -45.7 -18.3 0.0 52.2

Y-Y 336.1 -8.2 14.1 5.7 0.0 Bottom 16.1 54.6 13.631

Load case 69 X-X 32.3 -206.9 -111.2 0.0 211.4

Y-Y 241.8 18.9 76.3 53.3 0.0 Bottom 77.9 225.3 3.203

Load case 70 X-X -43.9 45.1 18.1 0.0 50.9

Y-Y 319.6 21.1 78.4 55.5 0.0 Bottom 84.0 96.3 5.643

Load case 71 X-X 9.3 -117.4 -66.7 0.0 123.2

Y-Y 319.4 -38.4 -51.0 -46.0 0.0 Bottom 53.6 134.4 6.372

Load case 72 X-X -3.6 -280.3 -169.6 0.0 285.1

Y-Y 241.6 -40.7 -53.2 -48.2 0.0 Bottom 54.1 290.2 2.483

Load case 73 X-X 56.6 -196.5 -95.3 0.0 202.5

Y-Y 336.3 24.3 102.3 71.1 0.0 Bottom 105.4 228.3 3.228

Load case 74 X-X 10.5 -291.0 -170.4 0.0 297.5

Y-Y 336.1 -52.3 -64.1 -59.4 0.0 Bottom 65.6 304.7 2.504

Load case 75 X-X 25.3 -348.5 -199.0 0.0 354.2

Y-Y 286.3 -15.4 17.7 7.1 0.0 Bottom 18.4 354.6 2.070
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 76 X-X 41.8 -139.0 -66.7 0.0 146.6

Y-Y 386.2 -12.5 20.5 8.2 0.0 Bottom 21.6 148.2 6.334

Load case 77 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 78 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 79 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 80 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 81 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 82 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 83 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 84 X-X 23.7 -181.7 -99.5 0.0 187.4

THDD4 Min Y-Y 286.0 -10.0 14.3 5.7 0.0 Bottom 14.8 188.0 4.554

Load case 54 is critical.

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C028, C029, C030, C031 T2 C13

General column design by PROKON. (GenCol Ver W3.1.04 - 13 May 2019)

Design code : Eurocode 2 - 2004

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004
General design parameters: 1000
Given:
l = 5.210 m
fck = 28 MPa 750
fy = 500 MPa
Ac = 316079 mm² 500
Assumptions:
X X
(1) The general conditions of clause 5.8.8.2 are applicable. 250
(2) The specified design axial loads include
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant 0
over the height of the column.
-250

250

500
Y
Design approach:
The column is designed using the following procedure:
(1) The column design charts are constructed.
(2) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(3) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(4) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
(5) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis

Through inspection:
Load case 11 is critical.

Check column slenderness:

End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
The column is braced.

Effective length factor ß = 0.75

Effective column height:

lo = ß . l
= .75 ×5.21
= 3.907 m

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

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le
max_sl =
r
3.9075
=
.11502
= 33.972

Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity:
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminx =
2
.005 ×3.9075
=
2
= 0.0098 m

5.2(7)

q. l0
eminy =
2
.005 ×3.9075
=
2
= 0.0098 m

Use emin = 20mm 6.1 (4)

Mminx = eminx. N
= .02 ×105.94
= 2.119 kNm

Check if the column is slender: 5.8.3.1

Ned = 105.9 kN
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acc. f ck
f cd =
1.50
1 ×28
=
1.50
= 18.667 MPa

fy
f yd =
1.15
500
=
1.15
= 434.783 MPa

5.5.3.1 (1)

Ned
n=
Ac. f cd
105942
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.0180

Check slenderness 5.8.3.1 (1)

A = 0.7

5.8.8.3 (3)

As . f yd
w=
Ac. f cd
3 920.7 ×434.78
=
316079 ×18.667
= 0.2889

5.8.3.1 (1)

B = 1 + 2. w
= 1 + 2 ×.28892
= 1.256

Larger end moment

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M02 = 282.6 kNm

Smaller end moment

M01 = 224.6 kNm

5.8.3.1 (1)

M01
rm =
M02
224.6
=
282.57
= 0.7948

5.8.3.1 (1)

C = 1.7 - rm
= 1.7 - .79485
= 0.9052

5.8.3.1 (1)

20 . A . B . C
llim =
n
20 ×.7 ×1.2561 ×.90515
=
.01796
= 118.774

l = 33.97 < 118.79

\ The column is short.

Initial moments:
The column is bent in single curvature about the X-X axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 29.4 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 95.5 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

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Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×29.366 + 0.6 ×95.485
= 45.545 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×95.485
= 38.194 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = 69.0 kNm

The column is bent in single curvature about the Y-Y axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 200.9 kNm

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 278.9 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 ×- 200.95 + 0.6 ×- 278.91
= -86.9660 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 ×- 278.91
= - 111.5640 kNm

\ Mi ³ 0.4M2 = -247.7 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 105.9 kN

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

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Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Mx=96.4 kNm
Mxtop=29.4 kNm Mx-imperf+Madd=0.2 kNm

+ =

Mxbot=-95.5 kNm

Initial Additional Design

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis 5.8.9 2)

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

My=281.0 kNm
Mytop=-278.9 kNm My-imperf+Madd=2.1 kNm

+ =

Mybot=200.9 kNm

Initial Additional Design

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Design of column section for ULS:

The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies at the top end of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 11 lies at an angle of 276.01° to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 11 is 1.11

For bending about the design axis:

Interaction Diagram
8000

Moment max = 503.1kNm @ 2346kN

7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
4500
Axial load (kN)

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0.00

100

200

300

400

500

600
500
106 kN
283 kNm

-500
-1000
-1500
Bending moment (kNm)

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:

The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction

At the top, Mx = 282.6 kNm

Near mid-height, Mx = 259.3 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 224.6 kNm
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Stresses at the top end of the column for the critical load case 11

Eurocode 2 - 2004
DY
M 1000

750
276.0°
276.0° 500
X X
250

D
M -250
250

500

Y
0

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:

Moments and Reinforcement for LC 11:

Top Middle Bottom
Madd-x (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Madd-y (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mx (kNm) 29.6 69.6 -96.4
My (kNm) -281.0 -249.8 202.9
M-imperf (kNm) 3.0 3.0 3.0
M-design (kNm) 282.6 259.3 224.6
Design axis (°) 276.01 285.57 295.42
Safety factor 1.11 1.32 1.75
Asc (mm²) 3921 3921 3921
Percentage 1.23 % 1.23 % 1.23 %
AsNom (mm²) 632 632 632
Critical load case: LC 11

Design results for all load cases:

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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 1 X-X 32.8 77.1 59.4 0.0 78.1

Y-Y 96.9 -113.5 -211.0 -172.0 0.0 Top 213.0 215.5 1.495

Load case 2 X-X 26.3 28.1 27.4 0.0 28.5

Y-Y 31.1 22.9 -67.3 -31.2 0.0 Top 67.8 72.8 5.109

Load case 3 X-X 20.7 74.7 53.1 0.0 75.2

Y-Y 62.4 -179.3 -231.8 -210.8 0.0 Top 233.0 233.9 1.312

Load case 4 X-X 32.2 -39.4 -15.7 0.0 39.8

Y-Y 45.8 -74.1 -146.7 -117.7 0.0 Top 147.6 151.1 2.139

Load case 5 X-X 14.8 142.2 91.2 0.0 143.0

Y-Y 47.6 -82.3 -152.3 -124.3 0.0 Top 153.2 154.0 2.004

Load case 6 X-X -28.5 31.6 12.6 0.0 31.8

Y-Y 35.1 -4.6 -90.0 -55.8 0.0 Top 90.6 96.1 3.734

Load case 7 X-X 19.4 98.6 66.9 0.0 99.3

Y-Y 36.4 -10.2 -93.9 -60.4 0.0 Top 94.6 96.6 3.371

Load case 8 X-X 15.5 131.3 84.9 0.0 132.0

Y-Y 58.3 -151.8 -209.0 -186.2 0.0 Top 210.2 210.8 1.444

Load case 9 X-X 4.2 27.6 18.3 0.0 27.8

Y-Y 57.1 -146.2 -205.1 -181.5 0.0 Top 206.3 208.1 1.501

Load case 10 X-X 34.4 53.5 45.9 0.0 55.0

Y-Y 77.8 -18.9 -130.9 -86.1 0.0 Top 132.4 136.9 2.536

Load case 11 X-X 29.4 95.5 69.0 0.0 96.4

Y-Y 105.9 -200.9 -278.9 -247.7 0.0 Top 281.0 282.6 1.107

Load case 12 X-X -7.2 39.7 20.9 0.0 40.1

Y-Y 91.0 -106.3 -202.4 -163.9 0.0 Top 204.2 208.1 1.565

Load case 13 X-X 24.1 156.2 103.3 0.0 157.7

Y-Y 92.6 -113.6 -207.4 -169.9 0.0 Top 209.2 210.6 1.506

Load case 14 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 15 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 16 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 17 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 18 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 19 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 20 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 21 X-X 23.7 54.7 42.3 0.0 55.2

Y-Y 48.9 -80.9 -152.6 -123.9 0.0 Top 153.6 155.4 2.025

Load case 22 X-X 38.3 -54.9 -22.0 0.0 59.4

Y-Y 325.0 -31.9 -58.2 -47.7 0.0 Top 63.0 86.6 7.844

Load case 23 X-X 3.0 -36.0 -20.4 0.0 39.8

Y-Y 254.5 31.3 68.5 53.6 0.0 Bottom 73.6 73.7 6.464

Load case 24 X-X -40.7 42.7 17.1 0.0 44.5

Y-Y 254.3 -112.7 -113.0 -112.9 0.0 Middle 117.9 119.3 3.444

Load case 25 X-X -29.2 -64.0 -50.1 0.0 68.9

Y-Y 254.3 -19.0 -38.8 -30.9 0.0 Top 42.9 53.7 11.559
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 26 X-X -47.5 109.6 46.8 0.0 114.6

Y-Y 254.5 -25.2 -42.9 -35.8 0.0 Bottom 46.3 117.6 7.668

Load case 27 X-X -30.3 -51.8 -43.2 0.0 55.7

Y-Y 254.4 11.1 43.5 30.5 0.0 Bottom 46.8 72.8 10.142

Load case 28 X-X -43.1 69.7 27.9 0.0 74.1

Y-Y 254.6 8.3 39.1 26.8 0.0 Bottom 41.6 85.0 9.743

Load case 29 X-X -46.4 97.5 39.9 0.0 101.3

Y-Y 254.4 -87.7 -92.8 -90.8 0.0 Top 97.3 108.8 4.534

Load case 30 X-X -24.0 -33.6 -29.8 0.0 35.3

Y-Y 254.2 -83.4 -90.0 -87.3 0.0 Top 94.7 101.1 4.609

Load case 31 X-X 18.9 -51.2 -23.2 0.0 57.5

Y-Y 318.1 8.5 50.6 33.7 0.0 Bottom 56.5 60.4 8.436

Load case 32 X-X 54.6 -55.4 -22.2 0.0 58.0

Y-Y 317.9 -112.5 -121.4 -117.9 0.0 Top 127.2 139.8 3.418

Load case 33 X-X -41.4 -45.0 -43.6 0.0 49.1

Y-Y 317.9 -28.2 -54.7 -44.1 0.0 Top 59.6 77.2 8.348

Load case 34 X-X -61.5 114.9 46.0 0.0 121.0

Y-Y 318.1 -33.8 -58.3 -48.5 0.0 Bottom 62.7 126.1 7.187

Load case 35 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 36 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 37 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 38 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 39 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 40 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 41 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 42 X-X 26.1 -39.3 -15.7 0.0 42.8

Y-Y 257.3 -22.9 -41.9 -34.3 0.0 Top 45.7 62.6 10.822

Load case 43 X-X -26.1 59.7 25.4 0.0 65.7

Y-Y 330.3 28.1 -110.6 -55.1 0.0 Top 117.0 120.3 3.762

Load case 44 X-X 58.0 58.7 58.4 0.0 63.7

Y-Y 264.9 -24.0 -68.9 -50.9 0.0 Bottom 73.0 95.3 6.600

Load case 45 X-X 39.6 142.8 101.6 0.0 148.3

Y-Y 274.7 17.7 -85.9 -44.4 0.0 Top 90.9 100.1 4.964

Load case 46 X-X 101.5 -123.7 -49.5 0.0 128.9

Y-Y 272.6 44.2 81.5 66.6 0.0 Bottom 84.9 135.6 5.140

Load case 47 X-X -17.4 -43.7 -33.1 0.0 45.6

Y-Y 258.8 -39.8 -108.1 -80.8 0.0 Top 112.9 121.8 3.761

Load case 48 X-X 32.7 72.3 56.5 0.0 77.5

Y-Y 323.1 -30.2 -53.4 -44.1 0.0 Bottom 57.3 96.4 7.973

Load case 49 X-X -45.6 148.7 71.0 0.0 155.2

Y-Y 331.9 -20.7 24.5 9.8 0.0 Bottom 25.6 157.3 5.790

Load case 50 X-X -45.6 45.6 18.2 0.0 50.5

Y-Y 268.4 -20.7 20.7 8.3 0.0 Bottom 22.9 55.4 14.323
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Safety
Load case Axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) factor

Load case 51 X-X -45.6 45.6 18.2 0.0 50.5

Y-Y 268.4 -20.7 20.7 8.3 0.0 Bottom 22.9 55.4 14.323

Load case 52 X-X -45.6 45.6 18.2 0.0 50.5

Y-Y 268.4 -20.7 20.7 8.3 0.0 Bottom 22.9 55.4 14.323

Load case 53 X-X -35.8 45.6 18.2 0.0 50.5

Y-Y 268.4 20.7 -105.6 -55.1 0.0 Top 110.7 116.9 3.853

Load case 54 X-X -6.0 49.3 27.2 0.0 50.2

Y-Y 187.7 -171.2 -198.5 -187.6 0.0 Bottom 202.2 208.3 1.724

Load case 55 X-X 32.0 -36.7 -14.7 0.0 39.3

Y-Y 147.8 20.8 -214.8 -120.6 0.0 Bottom 217.7 220.1 1.501

Load case 56 X-X 35.7 57.4 48.7 0.0 59.3

Y-Y 155.2 -64.9 -78.5 -73.1 0.0 Top 81.0 100.4 5.208

Load case 57 X-X 28.2 -100.2 -48.8 0.0 102.6

Y-Y 151.2 -72.0 -142.0 -114.0 0.0 Bottom 145.0 147.8 2.404

Load case 58 X-X 39.5 44.6 42.5 0.0 45.4

Y-Y 151.8 -137.6 -144.7 -141.9 0.0 Top 147.6 154.4 2.462

Load case 59 X-X 28.5 -65.8 -28.0 0.0 67.0

Y-Y 148.7 -140.1 -193.8 -172.4 0.0 Bottom 196.8 198.9 1.678

Load case 60 X-X 36.5 -87.3 -37.8 0.0 90.2

Y-Y 149.2 -5.7 -190.8 -116.8 0.0 Bottom 193.7 197.2 1.729

Load case 61 X-X 23.0 39.1 32.7 0.0 40.4

Y-Y 154.3 -10.3 -85.8 -55.6 0.0 Bottom 88.6 97.4 4.566

Load case 62 X-X -20.5 31.2 12.5 0.0 32.2

Y-Y 153.8 -88.9 -189.0 -148.9 0.0 Top 192.0 193.2 1.733

Load case 63 X-X 46.0 -48.2 -19.3 0.0 51.6

Y-Y 180.7 -16.2 -260.1 -162.5 0.0 Bottom 263.7 267.8 1.245

Load case 64 X-X 36.6 49.4 44.3 0.0 50.8

Y-Y 187.4 -105.5 -125.2 -117.3 0.0 Bottom 128.7 138.3 3.030

Load case 65 X-X 42.6 -105.3 -46.1 0.0 107.9

Y-Y 183.8 -99.6 -194.6 -156.6 0.0 Bottom 198.2 202.9 1.742

Load case 66 X-X -24.6 52.8 21.9 0.0 53.8

Y-Y 184.3 -76.7 -190.7 -145.1 0.0 Bottom 194.2 201.5 1.820

Load case 67 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 68 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 69 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 70 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 71 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 72 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 73 X-X -24.6 35.0 14.0 0.0 35.7

Y-Y 151.4 -76.7 -143.0 -116.5 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 74 X-X 0.0 35.0 21.0 0.0 35.7

THDD4 Min Y-Y 151.4 0.0 -143.0 -85.8 0.0 Bottom 146.0 150.3 2.421

Load case 11 is critical.

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