IGNEOUS PETROLOGY ASSIGNMENT

By- Anukar Rajput (roll no.- 8407)

ANS 1.}
Normalized values (Boynton 1984)
Elements A B C

La 10.3225 11.2419 12.3677

Ce 11.6386 12.7821 14.1943

Nd 14.38166 15.8283 17.62

Sm 16.6717 18.3846 20.5077

Eu 16.7619 17.7823 18.9931

Gd 18.8764 20.8185 23.2239

Dy 18.59 20.5186 22.9099

Er 18.3619 20.2809 22.6619

Yb 17.1578 18.9473 21.177

Lu 16.3354 18.0434 20.1863
100

10

1
La Ce Nd Sm Eu Gd Dy Er Yb Lu
 1. Now if you will look at the above graph carefully, you will find negative Europium anomaly
in all the samples (A, B and C) this indicates that divalent Europium being compatible in
Plagioclase feldspar, flush out with feldspar from the melt and hence melt shows negative
Europium anomaly.
2.Also the MREE/LREE ratio is greater than 1 and MREE/HREE ratio is greater than 1. This
indicates the fractionation of Hornblende.

ANS.2}

(a) 1. Degree of freedom (F) at c = 2(C)-1(phase) +1= 2

2.Degree of freedom at P = 2 -3+1=0

3.Degree of freedom at E = 2-3+1=0

4.Degree of freedom at L = 2-2+1=1

(b) The proportions of different phases (Fo and En) along T 3 temperature are:
%Fo crystals = {1/ (1.5)} ×100
=66.67%
%En crystals = {0.5/ (1.5)} ×100
=33.33%
(c) In the left side of the diagram (before peritectic point), the equilibrium crystallization
composition of 'c' will give us Forsterite and Enstatite as final products (no quartz). So, in this
field of the system, we will find under saturated basalt. Between peritectic and eutectic point,
we get a field which is saturated basalt (saturated crystallization of En along with quartz). And
on the right side of the diagram (after eutectic point), we get field of oversaturated basalt.

ANS 3.} Partition Coefficients:

 Olivine Clinopyroxene Plagioclase
Ce 0.006 0.092 0.082
Yb 0.049 0.542 0.023
Ni 14 7 0.010

a) Bulk Partition coefficient Di for the given elements:

DCe 0.1 × 0.006 + 0.4 × 0.092 + 0.5 × 0.082
= 0.0784
DYb 0.1 × 0.049 + 0.4 × 0.542 + 0.5 × 0.023
= 0.2322
DNi 0.1 × 14 + 0.4 × 7 + 0.5 × 0.01
= 4.205
Now, Rayleigh Crystal Fractionation Equation;

CL/CO = F (Di – 1)

Where, CL = concentration in the residue melt

CO = concentration in the original melt
F = fraction of melt remaining
Di = Bulk partition coefficient

Concentrations in residual melt:

i) CeCL/CO = F (Di – 1)
CL = CO F(Di – 1)
= 14.8 (0.5(0.0784 – 1))
= 28.03ppm
ii) Yb  CL/CO = F(Di – 1)
CL = CO F(Di – 1)
= 1.6 (0.5(0.2322 – 1))
= 2.72 ppm
iii) Ni  CL/CO = F (Di – 1)
CL = CO F (Di – 1)
= 330 (0.5(4.205– 1))
= 35.78 ppm
b) Bulk Partition coefficient Di for the given elements:

DCe 0.2 × 0.092 + 0.8 × 0.082

= 0.084
DYb  0.2 × 0.542 + 0.8 × 0.023
= 0.1268
DNi  0.2 × 7 + 0.8 × 0.01
= 1.408
Now, Rayleigh Crystal Fractionation Equation;

CL/CO = F (Di – 1)

Where, CL = concentration in the residue melt

CO = concentration in the original melt
F = fraction of melt remaining
Di = Bulk partition coefficient

Concentrations in residual melt:

iv) Ce  CL/CO = F (Di – 1)

CL = CO F (Di – 1)
= 28.03 (0.25(0.084– 1))
= 99.79 ppm
v) Yb CL/CO = F (Di – 1)
CL = CO F (Di – 1)
= 2.72(0.25(0.1268 – 1))
= 9.12 ppm
vi) Ni  CL/CO = F (Di – 1)
CL = CO F (Di – 1)
= 35.78 (0.25(1.408–1))
= 20.32 ppm
ANS .4}

a) T of first crystallization will be 1700℃.

b) T of final crystallization will be 1480℃.
c) Above 1700℃ temperate (before Fo50 hits liquidus line) there is only one
(liquid) phase. And at region between liquidus and solidus, there will be two
(liquid+Olivine) are present.
d) Upper curved line is called Liquidus and lower curved line is called Solidus.
e) Composition of the final crystallized rock will be Fo50.
f) Compositional zoning happens during disequilibrium, but Olivine re-
equilibrates by reacting with the melt for Mg and Fe exchange instead of
adding rims:
1} m
Mg2 SiO4 + SiO2  2MgSiO3
2} b

3} z
ANS .5}
4} A
1) The composition of the first crystals
2) The temperature when crystals have a composition
3) The composition of the last liquid present before solidification is complete
4) The liquid composition at temperature a

ANS 6.}
a) A ……Sanidine …………………….
B ……Orthoclase………………………………….
C ……Microcline………………………………….
b) As composition X (at temperature T1) cools until it intersects the solvus at about
temperature T2, a single, homogeneous feldspar separates into two feldspars; one is
more K(Potassium) rich, whereas the other is more Na rich. The less abundant phase will
typically form irregular, crystallographically oriented planar bands or exsolution
lamellae, in the more abundant host. When the bulk composition is K rich, lamellae of
Na- rich feldspar form in a K-rich host, and the texture is called perthite. When the bulk
composition is Na-rich, lamellae of K-rich feldspar form in a Na-rich host, and the
texture is called antiperthite.
c) When the fractionated mineral crystallizes directly at T2 temperature, then the solid
solution that existed at the initial stage will be same as obtained in the final stage, i.e.
Na+ and K+ ions will not be segregated, and hence exsolution lamellae will not form. So,
the same solid solution of albite and orthoclase will form with composition X.